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Xue S, Wei X, Kong Y, Chen B, Chen J, Li Y. Trends in research on cochlear implantation with inner ear malformation: a bibliometric and visualization analysis from 1986 to 2024. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08777-9. [PMID: 38977476 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08777-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to conduct a bibliometric and visualization analysis of research on cochlear implantation (CI) for inner ear malformations (IEMs) from 1986 to 2024. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed using the Web of Science Core Collection Database, resulting in the identification of 431 relevant publications. Various data analysis and visualization tools, including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix, were utilized to analyze annual publication outputs, countries/regions and institutions, authors, journals and studies, keywords, and theme evolution. RESULTS The study revealed an overall increasing trend in research output on CI for IEMs, with significant contributions from countries such as the United States, China, Turkey, Germany, and Italy. The analysis also identified key authors, research teams, journals, and studies that have made substantial contributions to the field. Furthermore, the study highlighted important research hotspots and trends, such as the classification of IEMs, outcomes of CI for IEMs, and the management of pediatric patients with IEMs. CONCLUSION The findings of this study provide a comprehensive overview of the research landscape surrounding CI for IEMs. The results serve as a basis for future research topic selection and emphasize the need for enhanced international collaboration and the publication of high-impact research to further advance this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Xue
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xingmei Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Ying Kong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, 1 DongjiaoMinxiang Avenue, DongCheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Shepherd R, Gantz B. Hearing preservation in cochlear implantation. Hear Res 2023; 434:108787. [PMID: 37167888 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Shepherd
- Medical Bionics Department, University of Melbourne and the Bionics Institute.
| | - Bruce Gantz
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Iowa
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Mann M, Qavi I, Zhang N, Tan G. Engineers in Medicine: Foster Innovation by Traversing Boundaries. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 51:19-32. [PMID: 37551906 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2023047838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Engineers play a critical role in the advancement of biomedical science and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic technologies for human well-being. The complexity of medical problems requires the synthesis of diverse knowledge systems and clinical experiences to develop solutions. Therefore, engineers in the healthcare and biomedical industries are interdisciplinary by nature to innovate technical tools in sophisticated clinical settings. In academia, engineering is usually divided into disciplines with dominant characteristics. Since biomedical engineering has been established as an independent curriculum, the term "biomedical engineers" often refers to the population from a specific discipline. In fact, engineers who contribute to medical and healthcare innovations cover a broad range of engineering majors, including electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and computer sciences. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the contributions of different engineering professions to the development of innovative biomedical solutions. We use the term "engineers in medicine" to refer to all talents who integrate the body of engineering knowledge and biological sciences to advance healthcare systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monikka Mann
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Imtiaz Qavi
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - George Tan
- Department of Industrial, Manufacturing and Systems Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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Sprinzl GM, Magele A. Personalized Medicine in Otolaryngology: Special Topic Otology. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111820. [PMID: 36579531 PMCID: PMC9697707 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, more than 1.5 billion people experience some degree of hearing loss [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Mathias Sprinzl
- University Clinic St. Poelten, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Dunant-Platz 1, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Implantable Hearing Devices, Henri Dunant Platz 1, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-2742-9004-11500
| | - Astrid Magele
- University Clinic St. Poelten, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Dunant-Platz 1, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Implantable Hearing Devices, Henri Dunant Platz 1, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria
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Bahl S, Iyengar KP, Bagha AK, Jaly I, Jain V, Vaishya R. Bioengineering Technology in Context of COVID-19 Pandemic: Potential Roles and Applications. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL INTEGRATION AND MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s2424862221500056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bioengineering (BE) technology has significant influence on the healthcare environment. This has grown steadily particularly since the medical practice has become more technology based. We have tried to assess the impact of bioengineering in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of bioengineering principles in healthcare has been evaluated. The practical implications of these technologies in fighting the current global health pandemic have been presented. There has been a shared drive worldwide to harness the advancements of bioengineering to combat COVID-19. These efforts have ranged from small groups of volunteers to large scale research and mass production. Together the engineering and medical fields have worked to address areas of critical need including the production and delivery of personal protective equipment, ventilators as well as the creation of a viable vaccine. The fight against COVID-19 has helped highlight the work and contributions of so many professionals in the bioengineering fields who are working tirelessly to help our health services cope. Their innovation and ingenuity are paving the way to successfully beat this virus. We must continue to support these fields as we evolve our health systems to deal with the challenges of healthcare in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bahl
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical, University Hoshiarpur Campus, Hoshiarpur 146001, India
| | - Karthikeyan P Iyengar
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Southport PR8 6PN, UK
| | - Ashok Kumar Bagha
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar 144011, India
| | - Ibrahim Jaly
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Southport and Ormskirk NHS Trust, Southport PR8 6PN, UK
| | - Vijay Jain
- Department of Orthopaedics, Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences & Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Raju Vaishya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, New Delhi 110076, India
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Association of Speech Processor Technology and Speech Recognition Outcomes in Adult Cochlear Implant Users. Otol Neurotol 2020; 40:595-601. [PMID: 31083080 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determine association of advancements in speech processor technology with improvements in speech recognition outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort. SETTING Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS Adult unilateral cochlear implant (CI) recipients. INTERVENTION Increasing novelty of speech processor defined by year of market availability. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Consonant-Nucleus-Consonant (CNC) and Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) in quiet. RESULTS From 1991 to 2016, 1,111 CNC scores and 1,121 HINT scores were collected from 351 patients who had complete data. Mean post-implantation CNC score was 53.8% and increased with more recent era of implantation (p < 0.001, analysis of variance [ANOVA]). Median HINT score was 87.0% and did not significantly vary with implantation era (p = 0.06, ANOVA). Multivariable generalized linear models were fitted to estimate the effect of speech processor novelty on CNC and HINT scores, each accounting for clustering of scores within patients and characteristics known to influence speech recognition outcomes. Each 5-year increment in speech processor novelty was independently associated with an increase in CNC score by 2.85% (95% confidence limits [CL] 0.26, 5.44%) and was not associated with change in HINT scores (p = 0.30). CONCLUSION Newer speech processors are associated with improved CNC scores independent of the year of device implantation and expanding candidacy criteria. The lack of association with HINT scores can be attributed to a ceiling effect, suggesting that HINT in quiet may not be an informative test of speech recognition in the modern CI recipient. The implications of these findings with respect to appropriate interval of speech processor upgrades are discussed.
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Sultan A, Ghonim MR, Abdelslam EM, Abdelaziz AM. 128-multidetector CT: For assessment of optimal depth of electrode array insertion in cochlear implant operations. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Hearing loss (HL) is a common sensory impairment in humans, with significant economic and social impacts. With nearly 20% of the world's population, China has focused on economic development and health awareness to improve the care for its hearing-impaired population. Recently, the Chinese government has initiated national programs such as the China Disabled Persons Federation to fund prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of hearing impairment. Newborn hearing screening and auditory rehabilitation programs in China have expanded exponentially with government support. While facing many challenges and overcoming obstacles, cochlear implantation (CI) programs in China have also experienced considerable growth. This review discusses the implementation of CI programs for HL in China and presents current HL data including epidemiology, newborn hearing screening, and determination of genetic etiologies. Sharing the experience in Chinese auditory rehabilitation and CI programs will shine a light on the developmental pathway of healthcare infrastructure to meet emerging needs of the hearing-impaired population in other developing countries.
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10
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Abstract
The strategy of developing an ontology or models of disability as a prior step to settling ethical issues regarding disabilities is highly problematic for two reasons. First, key definitional aspects of disability are normative and cannot helpfully be made value-neutral. Second, if we accept that the contested concept of disability is value-laden, it is far from obvious that there are definitive reasons for choosing one interpretation of the concept over another. I conclude that the concept of disability is better left ethically open-ended or broad enough to encompass the examination of various ethical issues (such as oppression, minority rights, or physical discomfort). Alternatively, the concept of disability could be altogether abandoned in order to focus on specific issues without being hindered by debates about the nature of disability. Only political costs, rather than conceptual considerations internal to the models, could be weighed against such a conclusion.
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Eshraghi AA, Roell J, Shaikh N, Telischi FF, Bauer B, Guardiola M, Bas E, Van De Water T, Rivera I, Mittal J. A novel combination of drug therapy to protect residual hearing post cochlear implant surgery. Acta Otolaryngol 2016; 136:420-4. [PMID: 26854005 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1134809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Conclusions A cocktail combining NAC, Mannitol, and Dexamethasone may be used to prevent loss of residual hearing post-implantation. There is a window of opportunity to treat the cochlea before the onset of cell death in HCs. Objective Inner ear trauma caused by cochlear implant electrode insertion trauma (EIT) initiates multiple molecular mechanisms in hair cells (HCs) or support cells (SCs), resulting in initiation of programmed cell death within the damaged tissues of the cochlea, which leads to loss of residual hearing. In earlier studies L-N-acetylcysteine (L-NAC), Mannitol, and dexamethasone have been shown independently to protect the HCs loss against different types of inner ear trauma. These three molecules have different otoprotective effects. The goal of this preliminary study is to test the efficacy of a combination of these molecules to enhance the otoprotection of HCs against EIT. Methods OC explants were dissected from P-3 rats and placed in serum-free media. Explants were divided into control and experimental groups. CONTROL GROUP (1) untreated controls; (2) EIT. Experimental group: (1) EIT + L-NAC (5, 2, or 1 mM); (2) EIT + Mannitol (100, 50, or 10 mM); (3) EIT + Dex (20, 10, or 5 μg/mL); (4) EIT + L-NAC + Mannitol + Dex. After EIT was caused in an in-vitro model of CI, explants were cultured in media containing L-NAC alone, Mannitol alone, or Dex alone at decreasing concentrations. Concentrations of L-NAC, Mannitol, and Dex that showed 50% protection of hair cell loss individually were used as a combination in experimental group 4. Results There was an increase of total hair cell (THC) loss in the EIT OC explants when compared with control group HC counts or the tri-therapy cochlea. This study defined the dosage of L-NAC, Mannitol, and Dex for the survival of 50% protection of hair cells in vitro. Their combination provided close to 96% protection, demonstrating an additive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien A Eshraghi
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jonathan Roell
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Noah Shaikh
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Fred F Telischi
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Blake Bauer
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Mateo Guardiola
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Esperanza Bas
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Thomas Van De Water
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Ileana Rivera
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Jeenu Mittal
- a Department of Otolaryngology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
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Abstract
Cochlear implantation and cochlear implants (CIs) have a long history filled with innovations that have resulted in the high-performing device's currently available. Several promising technologies have been reviewed in this article, which hold the promise to drive performance even higher. Remote CI programming, totally implanted devices, improved neural health and survival through targeted drug therapy and delivery, intraneural electrode placement, electroacoustical stimulation and hybrid CIs, and methods to enhance the neural-prosthesis interface are evolving areas of innovation reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Roche
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 21151 Pomerantz Family Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242-1089, USA
| | - Marlan R Hansen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 21151 Pomerantz Family Pavilion, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242-1089, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242-1089, USA.
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Eshraghi AA, Lang DM, Roell J, Van De Water TR, Garnham C, Rodrigues H, Guardiola M, Gupta C, Mittal J. Mechanisms of programmed cell death signaling in hair cells and support cells post-electrode insertion trauma. Acta Otolaryngol 2015; 135:328-34. [PMID: 25761716 DOI: 10.3109/00016489.2015.1012276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CONCLUSION Programmed cell death (PCD) initially starts in the support cells (SCs) after electrode insertion trauma (EIT), followed by PCD in hair cells (HCs). Activation of caspase-3 was observed only in SCs. Protecting both SCs and HCs with selective otoprotective drugs at an early stage post implantation may help to preserve residual hearing. OBJECTIVES Cochlear implant EIT can initiate sensory cell losses via necrosis and PCD within the organ of Corti, which can lead to a loss of residual hearing. PCD appears to be a major factor in HC loss post-EIT. The current study aimed to: (1) determine the onset of PCD in both SCs and HCs within the traumatized organ of Corti; and (2) identify the molecular mechanisms active within the HCs and SCs that are undergoing PCD. METHODS Adult guinea pigs were assigned to one of two groups: (1) EIT and (2) unoperated contralateral ears as controls. Immunostaining of dissected organ of Corti surface preparations for phosphorylated-Jun, cleaved caspase-3, and 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (HNE) were performed at 6, 12, and 24 h post-EIT and for contralateral control ears. RESULTS At 6 h post-EIT the SCs immunolabeled for the presence of phosphorylated-Jun and activated caspase-3. Phosphorylated p-Jun labeling was observed at 12 h in both the HCs and SCs of middle and basal cochlear turns. Cleaved caspase-3 was not observed in HCs of any cochlear turn at up to 24 h post-EIT. Lipid peroxidation (HNE immunostaining) was first observed at 12 h post-EIT in both the HCs and SCs of the basal turn, and reached the apical turn by 24 h post-EIT.
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Burghard A, Lenarz T, Kral A, Paasche G. Insertion site and sealing technique affect residual hearing and tissue formation after cochlear implantation. Hear Res 2014; 312:21-7. [PMID: 24566091 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue formation around the electrode array of a cochlear implant has been suggested to influence preservation of residual hearing as well as electrical hearing performance of implanted subjects. Further, inhomogeneity in the electrical properties of the scala tympani shape the electrical field and affect current spread. Intracochlear trauma due to electrode insertion and the insertion site itself are commonly seen as triggers for the tissue formation. The present study investigates whether the insertion site, round window membrane (RWM) vs. cochleostomy (CS), or the sealing material, no seal vs. muscle graft vs. carboxylate cement, have an influence on the amount of fibrous tissue and/or new bone formation after CI implantation in the guinea pig. Hearing thresholds were determined by auditory brainstem response (ABR) measurements prior to implantation and after 28 days. The amount of tissue formation was quantified by evaluation of microscopic images obtained by a grinding/polishing procedure to keep the CI in place during histological processing. An insertion via the round window membrane resulted after 28 days in less tissue formation in the no seal and muscle seal condition compared to the cochleostomy approach. Between these two sealing techniques there was no difference. Sealing the cochlea with carboxylate cement resulted always in a strong new bone formation and almost total loss of residual hearing. The amount of tissue formation and the hearing loss correlated at 1-8 kHz. Consequently, the use of carboxylate cement as a sealing material in cochlear implantation should be avoided even in animal studies, whereas sealing the insertion site with a muscle graft did not induce an additional tissue growth compared to omitting a seal. For hearing preservation the round window approach should be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Burghard
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625 Hannover, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Thomas Lenarz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrej Kral
- Institute of Audioneurotechnology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 35, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerrit Paasche
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Albertine KH, Dezawa M. A new age of regenerative medicine: fusion of tissue engineering and stem cell research. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2013; 297:1-3. [PMID: 24293066 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kurt H Albertine
- Editor-in-Chief, The Anatomical Record, Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Van De Water TR. Historical Aspects of Inner Ear Anatomy and Biology that Underlie the Design of Hearing and Balance Prosthetic Devices. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:1741-59. [PMID: 23045252 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review presents some of the major historical events that advanced the body of knowledge of the anatomy of the inner ear and its sensory receptors as well as the biology of these receptors that underlies the sensory functions of hearing and balance. This knowledge base of the inner ear's structure/function has been an essential factor for the design and construction of prosthetic devices to aid patients with deficits in their senses of hearing and balance. Prosthetic devices are now available for severely hearing impaired and deaf patients to restore hearing and are known as cochlear implants and auditory brain stem implants. A prosthetic device for patients with balance disorders is being perfected and is in an animal model testing phase with another prosthetic device for controlling intractable dizziness in Meniere's patients currently being evaluated in clinical testing. None of this would have been possible without the pioneering studies and discoveries of the investigators mentioned in this review and with the work of many other talented investigators to numerous to be covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Van De Water
- Cochlear Implant Research Program, University of Miami Ear Institute, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136-1015, USA.
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Eshraghi AA, Nazarian R, Telischi FF, Rajguru SM, Truy E, Gupta C. The cochlear implant: historical aspects and future prospects. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295:1967-80. [PMID: 23044644 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The cochlear implant (CI) is the first effective treatment for deafness and severe losses in hearing. As such, the CI is now widely regarded as one of the great advances in modern medicine. This article reviews the key events and discoveries that led up to the current CI systems, and we review and present some among the many possibilities for further improvements in device design and performance. The past achievements include: (1) development of reliable devices that can be used over the lifetime of a patient; (2) development of arrays of implanted electrodes that can stimulate more than one site in the cochlea; and (3) progressive and large improvements in sound processing strategies for CIs. In addition, cooperation between research organizations and companies greatly accelerated the widespread availability and use of safe and effective devices. Possibilities for the future include: (1) use of otoprotective drugs; (2) further improvements in electrode designs and placements; (3) further improvements in sound processing strategies; (4) use of stem cells to replace lost sensory hair cells and neural structures in the cochlea; (5) gene therapy; (6) further reductions in the trauma caused by insertions of electrodes and other manipulations during implant surgeries; and (7) optical rather electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve. Each of these possibilities is the subject of active research. Although great progress has been made to date in the development of the CI, including the first substantial restoration of a human sense, much more progress seems likely and certainly would not be a surprise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien A Eshraghi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Ear Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136-1015, USA.
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