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Deane AS, Muchlinski MN, Organ JM, Vereecke E, Bistrekova V, Hays L, Butterfield T. The comparative and functional anatomy of the forelimb muscle architecture of Humboldt's woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagotricha). Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38938152 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Humboldt's woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagortricha) is a ceboid primate that more frequently engages in plantigrade quadrupedalism (~89%) but is, like most other members of the subfamily Atelinae, capable of suspensory postures and "tail assisted" brachiation. That taxon's decreased reliance on suspension is reflected in the skeletal anatomy of the upper limb which is less derived relative to more frequently suspensory atelines (Ateles, Brachyteles) but is in many ways (i.e., phalangeal curvature, enlarged joint surfaces, elongated diaphyses) intermediate between highly suspensory and quadrupedal anthropoids. Although it has been suggested that muscle may have morphogenetic primacy with respect to bone this has not been explicitly tested. The present study employs analyses of Lagothrix upper limb muscle fiber length, relative physiological cross-sectional area and relative muscle mass to test whether muscular adaptations for suspensory postures and locomotion in Lagothrix precede adaptive refinements in the skeletal tissues or appear more gradually in conjunction with related skeletal adaptations. Results demonstrate that Lagothrix upper limb musculature is most like committed quadrupeds but that limited aspects of the relative distribution of segmental muscle mass may approach suspensory hylobatids consistent with only a limited adaptive response in musculature prior to bone. Results specific to the shoulder were inconclusive owing to under-representation of quadrupedal shoulder musculature and future work should be focused more specifically on the adaptive and functional morphology of the muscular anatomy and microstructure of the scapulothoracic joint complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Deane
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Centre for the Exploration of the Deep Human Journey, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Jason M Organ
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Anthropology, Indiana University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Evie Vereecke
- Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vanya Bistrekova
- ICTA, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lindsey Hays
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Timothy Butterfield
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Kentucky College of Health Sciences, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Laitman JT, Smith HF. The Anatomical Record explores the soul of the anatomical sciences in a groundbreaking special issue: "Evolution of a discipline, the changing face of anatomy". Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 305:762-765. [PMID: 35192241 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Laitman
- Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Heather F Smith
- Department of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, USA.,School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
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Goodman CA, Davey JR, Hagg A, Parker BL, Gregorevic P. Dynamic Changes to the Skeletal Muscle Proteome and Ubiquitinome Induced by the E3 Ligase, ASB2β. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100050. [PMID: 33516941 PMCID: PMC8042406 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a posttranslational protein modification that has been shown to have a range of effects, including regulation of protein function, interaction, localization, and degradation. We have previously shown that the muscle-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase, ASB2β, is downregulated in models of muscle growth and that overexpression ASB2β is sufficient to induce muscle atrophy. To gain insight into the effects of increased ASB2β expression on skeletal muscle mass and function, we used liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry to investigate ASB2β-mediated changes to the skeletal muscle proteome and ubiquitinome, via a parallel analysis of remnant diGly-modified peptides. The results show that viral vector-mediated ASB2β overexpression in murine muscles causes progressive muscle atrophy and impairment of force-producing capacity, while ASB2β knockdown induces mild muscle hypertrophy. ASB2β-induced muscle atrophy and dysfunction were associated with the early downregulation of mitochondrial and contractile protein abundance and the upregulation of proteins involved in proteasome-mediated protein degradation (including other E3 ligases), protein synthesis, and the cytoskeleton/sarcomere. The overexpression ASB2β also resulted in marked changes in protein ubiquitination; however, there was no simple relationship between changes in ubiquitination status and protein abundance. To investigate proteins that interact with ASB2β and, therefore, potential ASB2β targets, Flag-tagged wild-type ASB2β, and a mutant ASB2β lacking the C-terminal SOCS box domain (dSOCS) were immunoprecipitated from C2C12 myotubes and subjected to label-free proteomic analysis to determine the ASB2β interactome. ASB2β was found to interact with a range of cytoskeletal and nuclear proteins. When combined with the in vivo ubiquitinomic data, our studies have identified novel putative ASB2β target substrates that warrant further investigation. These findings provide novel insight into the complexity of proteome and ubiquitinome changes that occur during E3 ligase-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy and dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Goodman
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Sunshine Hospital, The University of Melbourne, St Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Davey
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adam Hagg
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Parker
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Muscle Research (CMR), The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology, The University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Cox SM, Salzano MQ, Piazza SJ, Rubenson J. Eliminating high-intensity activity during growth reduces mechanical power capacity but not submaximal metabolic cost in a bipedal animal model. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2019; 128:50-58. [PMID: 31751181 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00679.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreases in activity levels in children worldwide are feared to have long-term health repercussions. Yet, because of the difficulty of performing controlled long-term studies in humans, we do not yet understand how decreases in childhood activity influence adult functional capacity. Here, in an avian bipedal model, we evaluated the elimination of all high-intensity activity during growth on adult performance. We evaluated three alternative hypotheses: Elimination of high-intensity activity 1) does not influence adult function, 2) results in task-specific deficits in adulthood, or 3) results in deficits that generalize across locomotor tasks. We found that animals restricted from jumping and sprinting during growth showed detriments as adults in maximal jump performance in comparison to controls, but did not require more metabolic energy during steady-state running or standing. From this, we conclude that functional deficits from elimination of high-intensity exercise are task specific and do not generalize across all locomotor functions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Decreasing childhood activity levels are feared to have long-term health repercussions, but testing this hypothesis is hampered by restrictions of human experimentation. Here, in a bipedal animal model, we examine how the elimination of high-intensity activity during all of maturation influences adult locomotor capacity. We found restricted activity during growth reduced mechanical power capacity but not submaximal metabolic cost. This suggests that reduced childhood activity may result in task-specific, rather than generalized locomotor deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Michelle Cox
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Q Salzano
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Integrative and Biomedical Physiology Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen J Piazza
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonas Rubenson
- Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.,Integrative and Biomedical Physiology Program, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
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Marchi D, Hartstone-Rose A. Functional Morphology and Behavioral Correlates to Postcranial Musculature. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:419-423. [PMID: 29418117 DOI: 10.1002/ar.23779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In this the second issue of a two-volume set of the Anatomical Record on the relationship between muscle functional morphology and behavior, the focus is on the postcranial musculature. Traditionally, when talking of the postcranium we think of the skeletal parts that primarily provide the lever system necessary for body movements. However, without the force produced by muscle, the postcranial skeleton could not perform these or most other tasks. In this special issue, our colleagues present ten papers that focus on postcranial muscle morphology and function from different perspectives. They include papers on forelimb and hindlimb muscle functional morphology of vertebrates, including lizards, bats, primates, a carnivoran and a rodent, and involved in different substrate use (arboreal, terrestrial, and flying) and locomotion behavior (quadrupedal, leaper, and suspensory) along with a historical overview to help bookend the contextualization of the issues. The picture that these papers provide is one of great liveliness in the field of muscle functional morphology where both young students and affirmed professors continue to contribute with both traditional approaches and new techniques to further our knowledge of muscle morphology and its relationship with animal behavior. Anat Rec, 301:419-423, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damiano Marchi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, Pisa 50126, Italy.,Evolutionary Studies Institute and Centre for Excellence in PalaeoSciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits 2050, South Africa
| | - Adam Hartstone-Rose
- College of Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
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Perry JMG, Prufrock KA. Muscle Functional Morphology in Paleobiology: The Past, Present, and Future of “Paleomyology”. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2018; 301:538-555. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M. G. Perry
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Kristen A. Prufrock
- Center for Functional Anatomy and Evolution; The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
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