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Chen Q, Sun M, Wang H, Liang X, Yin M, Lin T. Characterization of Chitin Synthase B Gene ( HvChsb) and the Effects on Feeding Behavior in Heortia vitessoides Moore. INSECTS 2023; 14:608. [PMID: 37504614 PMCID: PMC10380562 DOI: 10.3390/insects14070608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The chitin synthase B gene is a key enzyme in the chitin synthesis of insect peritrophic matrix (PM), which affects insects' feeding behavior. The chitin synthase B gene was cloned from the transcription library of Heortia vitessoides Moore. RT-qPCR showed that HvChsb was highly expressed in the larval stage of H. vitessoides, especially on the first day of the pre-pupal stage, as well as in the midgut of larvae and the abdomen of adults. After starvation treatment, HvChsb was found to be significantly inhibited over time. After 48 h of starvation, the feeding experiment showed that HvChsb increased with the prolongation of the re-feeding time. The experimental data showed that feeding affected the expression of HvChsb. HvChsb was effectively silenced via RNA interference; thus, its function was lost, significantly decreasing the survival rate of H. vitessoides. The survival rate from larval-to-pupal stages was only 43.33%, and this rate was accompanied by abnormal phenotypes. It can be seen that HvChsb plays a key role in the average growth and development of H. vitessoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingling Chen
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingxu Sun
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hanyang Wang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaohan Liang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mingliang Yin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tong Lin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Zhao D, Liu X, Liu Z, Lu X, Guo W. Identification and functional analysis of two potential RNAi targets for chitin degradation in Holotrichia parallela Motschulsky (Insecta Coleoptera). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:105257. [PMID: 36464362 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chitin metabolism enzymes are safe and desirable targets for pest management. β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and N-acetylglucosamine kinase (NAGK) are involved in chitin degradation. NAG is the main glycosidase that works synergistically with chitinases. NAGK is a key enzyme for the generation of UDP-Nacetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc) and for the conversion of GlcNAc into GlcNAc 6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6-P). In this study, NAG and NAGK genes were identified from Holotrichia parallela, a polyphagous soil pest that causes serious damage to crops. The spatiotemporal expression investigated by RT-qPCR indicated that the two genes are expressed in all larval developmental stages. HpNAG is highly expressed in the integument and HpNAGK overexpressed in the midgut. After injection of dsHpNAG and dsHpNAGK, a significant RNAi effect was found after 72 h and larvae stopped growing. The survival rates of larvae were 13.3% and 16.7%, respectively. RNAi of HpNAG and HpNAGK regulated the expression levels of chitin metabolism-related genes, indicating that these two genes could be critical in the chitin metabolism. Furthermore, silencing HpNAG and HpNAGK reduced the thickness of the cuticle, and decreased its content of chitin. The study will lay a foundation for further clarifying the mechanism of chitin metabolism and provide potential targets for the biological control of H. parallela larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation Physiology and Green Production of Hebei Province, Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhaorui Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiujun Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China; Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Law STS, Nong W, So WL, Baril T, Swale T, Chan CB, Tobe SS, Kai ZP, Bendena WG, Hayward A, Hui JHL. Chromosomal-level reference genome of the moth Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a major pest of agarwood-producing trees. Genomics 2022; 114:110440. [PMID: 35905835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The moth Heortia vitessoides Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a major pest of ecologically, commercially and culturally important agarwood-producing trees in the genus Aquilaria. In particular, H. vitessoides is one of the most destructive defoliating pests of the incense tree Aquilaria sinesis, which produces a valuable fragrant wood used as incense and in traditional Chinese medicine [33]. Nevertheless, a genomic resource for H. vitessoides is lacking. Here, we present a chromosomal-level assembly for H. vitessoides, consisting of a 517 megabase (Mb) genome assembly with high physical contiguity (scaffold N50 of 18.2 Mb) and high completeness (97.9% complete BUSCO score). To aid gene annotation, 8 messenger RNA transcriptomes from different developmental stages were generated, and a total of 16,421 gene models were predicted. Expansion of gene families involved in xenobiotic metabolism and development were detected, including duplications of cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) genes shared among lepidopterans. In addition, small RNA sequencing of 5 developmental stages of H. vitessoides facilitated the identification of 85 lepidopteran conserved microRNAs, 94 lineage-specific microRNAs, as well as several microRNA clusters. A large proportion of the H. vitessoides genome consists of repeats, with a 29.12% total genomic contribution from transposable elements, of which long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) are the dominant component (17.41%). A sharp decrease in the genome-wide percentage of LINEs with lower levels of genetic distance to family consensus sequences suggests that LINE activity has peaked in H. vitessoides. In contrast, opposing patterns suggest a substantial recent increase in DNA and LTR element activity. Together with annotations of essential sesquiterpenoid hormonal pathways, neuropeptides, microRNAs and transposable elements, the high-quality genomic and transcriptomic resources we provide for the economically important moth H. vitessoides provide a platform for the development of genomic approaches to pest management, and contribute to addressing fundamental research questions in Lepidoptera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean T S Law
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wenyan Nong
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Lok So
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | - Chi Bun Chan
- School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen S Tobe
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhen-Peng Kai
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Jerome H L Hui
- School of Life Sciences, Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Luo GH, Chen XE, Jiao YY, Zhu GH, Zhang R, Dhandapani RK, Fang JC, Palli SR. SoxC is Required for Ecdysteroid Induction of Neuropeptide Genes During Insect Eclosion. Front Genet 2022; 13:942884. [PMID: 35899187 PMCID: PMC9309532 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.942884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In insects, the shedding of the old exoskeleton is accomplished through ecdysis which is typically followed by the expansion and tanning of the new cuticle. Four neuropeptides, eclosion hormone (EH), ecdysis triggering hormone (ETH), crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) and bursicon (Bur) are known to control ecdysis. However, the regulation of these neuropeptide genes is still poorly understood. Here, we report that in the red flour beetle (RFB) Tribolium castaneum and the fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda, knockdown or knockout of the SoxC gene caused eclosion defects. The expansion and tanning of wings were not complete. In both RFB and FAW, the knockdown or knockout of SoxC resulted in a decrease in the expression of EH gene. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that the SfSoxC protein directly binds to a motif present in the promoter of SfEH. The luciferase reporter assays in Sf9 cells confirmed these results. These data suggest that transcription factor SoxC plays a key role in ecdysteroid induction of genes coding for neuropeptides such as EH involved in the regulation of insect eclosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hua Luo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Xi-En Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Yao-Yu Jiao
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Guan-Heng Zhu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,School of Agriculture, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ramesh Kumar Dhandapani
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Ji-Chao Fang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Ji-Chao Fang, ; Subba Reddy Palli,
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States,*Correspondence: Ji-Chao Fang, ; Subba Reddy Palli,
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The Role of Chitooligosaccharidolytic β- N-Acetylglucosamindase in the Molting and Wing Development of the Silkworm Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073850. [PMID: 35409210 PMCID: PMC8998872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The insect glycoside hydrolase family 20 β-N-acetylhexosaminidases (HEXs) are key enzymes involved in chitin degradation. In this study, nine HEX genes in Bombyx mori were identified by genome-wide analysis. Bioinformatic analysis based on the transcriptome database indicated that each gene had a distinct expression pattern. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression pattern of the chitooligosaccharidolytic β-N-acetylglucosaminidase (BmChiNAG). BmChiNAG was highly expressed in chitin-rich tissues, such as the epidermis. In the wing disc and epidermis, BmChiNAG has the highest expression level during the wandering stage. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated BmChiNAG deletion was used to study the function. In the BmChiNAG-knockout line, 39.2% of female heterozygotes had small and curly wings. The ultrastructure of a cross-section showed that the lack of BmChiNAG affected the stratification of the wing membrane and the formation of the correct wing vein structure. The molting process of the homozygotes was severely hindered during the larva to pupa transition. Epidermal sections showed that the endocuticle of the pupa was not degraded in the mutant. These results indicate that BmChiNAG is involved in chitin catabolism and plays an important role in the molting and wing development of the silkworm, which highlights the potential of BmChiNAG as a pest control target.
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Zhou Z, Eichner C, Nilsen F, Jonassen I, Dondrup M. A novel approach to co-expression network analysis identifies modules and genes relevant for moulting and development in the Atlantic salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). BMC Genomics 2021; 22:832. [PMID: 34789144 PMCID: PMC8600823 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08054-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is an obligate ectoparasitic copepod living on Atlantic salmon and other salmonids in the marine environment. Salmon lice cause a number of environmental problems and lead to large economical losses in aquaculture every year. In order to develop novel parasite control strategies, a better understanding of the mechanisms of moulting and development of the salmon louse at the transcriptional level is required. Methods Three weighted gene co-expression networks were constructed based on the pairwise correlations of salmon louse gene expression profiles at different life stages. Network-based approaches and gene annotation information were applied to identify genes that might be important for the moulting and development of the salmon louse. RNA interference was performed for validation. Regulatory impact factors were calculated for all the transcription factor genes by examining the changes in co-expression patterns between transcription factor genes and deferentially expressed genes in middle stages and moulting stages. Results Eight gene modules were predicted as important, and 10 genes from six of the eight modules have been found to show observable phenotypes in RNA interference experiments. We knocked down five hub genes from three modules and observed phenotypic consequences in all experiments. In the infection trial, no copepodids with a RAB1A-like gene knocked down were found on fish, while control samples developed to chalimus-1 larvae. Also, a FOXO-like transcription factor obtained highest scores in the regulatory impact factor calculation. Conclusions We propose a gene co-expression network-based approach to identify genes playing an important role in the moulting and development of salmon louse. The RNA interference experiments confirm the effectiveness of our approach and demonstrated the indispensable role of a RAB1A-like gene in the development of the salmon louse. We propose that our approach could be generalized to identify important genes associated with a phenotype of interest in other organisms. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at (10.1186/s12864-021-08054-7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoran Zhou
- Department of Informatics & Sea Lice Research Centre, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008, Norway
| | - Christiane Eichner
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008, Norway
| | - Frank Nilsen
- Department of Biological Sciences & Sea Lice Research Centre, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008, Norway
| | - Inge Jonassen
- Department of Informatics & Sea Lice Research Centre, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008, Norway
| | - Michael Dondrup
- Department of Informatics & Sea Lice Research Centre, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 55, Bergen, 5008, Norway.
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Li Z, Ye Q, Lyu Z, Lin T. RNA interference of eclosion hormone gene reveals its roles in the control of ecdysis behavior in Heortia vitessoides Moore. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 105:e21726. [PMID: 32681693 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eclosion hormone (EH) is an important neuropeptide that regulates growth and development. This study predicted the EH gene (HvEH) of Heortia vitessoides Moore (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) from the transcriptome database and its expression patterns were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. HvEH was expressed in all developmental stages and especially in the head area. RNA interference-mediated silencing of HvEH (2 μg/individual) with double-stranded HvEH RNA (dsHvEH) was achieved within 48 hr. Abnormal phenotypes appeared in the pupa and adult stages. dsHvEH injection suppressed pupation and eclosion rates. HvEH expression increased upon treatment with 20-hydroxyecdysone but decreased at extreme temperatures. These results suggest that HvEH plays an essential role in ecdysis and wing formation in H. vitessoides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixing Li
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingya Ye
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Lyu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Lin
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Z, Lyu Z, Ye Q, Cheng J, Wang C, Lin T. Cloning, Expression Analysis, 20-Hydroxyecdysone Induction, and RNA Interference Study of Autophagy-Related Gene 8 from Heortia vitessoides Moore. INSECTS 2020; 11:insects11040245. [PMID: 32326433 PMCID: PMC7240406 DOI: 10.3390/insects11040245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a highly conserved and regulated process in eukaryotic cells and remodels cytoplasm, recovers essential nutrients, and disposes of unwanted cytoplasmic components. Autophagy-related gene (ATG) 8, identified in Heortia vitessoides Moore, which is an oligophagous pest of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.), was characterized (HvATG8). Multiple sequence alignment showed that HvATG8 possesses highly conserved domain structures. Stage- and tissue-specific expressions indicated that HvATG8 is highly expressed in prepupal, pupal, and adult stages and in the midgut of larvae and abdomen of adults. Lack of function of HvATG8 by RNA interference resulted in a significant decrease in survival rate and an increase in abnormal or nonviable phenotypes in H. vitessoides. Transition rate from larval to pupal stages was 33.0% and from pupal to adult stages was 15.0% after injection. Reduction of ATG8 expression reduced survival of H. vitessoides. Therefore, HvATG8 possibly plays a key role in normal growth stage of H. vitessoides. HvATG8 suppression downregulates HvATG3 expression, suggesting that the two genes are interconnected. Further, HvATG8 expression increased by 20-hydroxyecdysone treatment, starvation, and extreme temperature exposure. Starvation also altered expression of other ATGs in H. vitessoide. This study may be used to guide research on molecular mechanisms of autophagy in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tong Lin
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-85282217
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Yang WJ, Xu KK, Yan Y, Li C, Jin DC. Role of Chitin Deacetylase 1 in the Molting and Metamorphosis of the Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma serricorne. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072449. [PMID: 32244803 PMCID: PMC7177437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin deacetylases (CDAs) are chitin-modifying enzymes known to play vital roles in insect metamorphosis and development. In this study, we identified and characterized a chitin deacetylase1 gene (LsCDA1) from the cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne. LsCDA1 contains a 1614 bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 537 amino acids that includes domain structures typical of CDAs. LsCDA1 was mainly expressed in the late larval and late pupal stages. In larval tissues, the highest level of LsCDA1 was detected in the integument. The expression of LsCDA1 was induced by 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in vivo, and it was significantly suppressed by knocking down the expression of ecdysteroidogenesis genes and 20E signaling genes. RNA interference (RNAi)-aided silencing of LsCDA1 in fifth-instar larvae prevented the larval–pupal molt and caused 75% larval mortality. In the late pupal stage, depletion of LsCDA1 resulted in the inhibition of pupal growth and wing abnormalities, and the expression levels of four wing development-related genes (LsDY, LsWG, LsVG, and LsAP) were dramatically decreased. Meanwhile, the chitin contents of LsCDA1 RNAi beetles were significantly reduced, and expressions of three chitin synthesis pathway genes (LsTRE1, LsUAP1, and LsCHS1) were greatly decreased. The results suggest that LsCDA1 is indispensable for larval–pupal and pupal–adult molts, and that it is a potential target for the RNAi-based control of L. serricorne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Yang
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.-J.Y.); (K.-K.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Kang-Kang Xu
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.-J.Y.); (K.-K.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.-J.Y.); (K.-K.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
| | - Can Li
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Rare Animal and Economic Insect of the Mountainous Region, College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (D.-C.J.)
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (W.-J.Y.); (K.-K.X.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (D.-C.J.)
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Yang WJ, Xu KK, Yan X, Li C. Knockdown of β- N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 Impairs Molting and Wing Development in Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius). INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10110396. [PMID: 31717288 PMCID: PMC6921043 DOI: 10.3390/insects10110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (NAGs) are carbohydrate enzymes that degrade chitin oligosaccharides into N-acetylglucosamine monomers. This process is important for chitin degradation during insect development and metamorphosis. We identified and evaluated a β-N-acetylglucosaminidase 2 gene (LsNAG2) from the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius). The full-length open reading frame of LsNAG2 was 1776 bp and encoded a 591 amino acid protein. The glycoside hydrolase family 20 (GH20) catalytic domain and an additional GH20b domain of the LsNAG2 protein were highly conserved. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that LsNAG2 clustered with the group II NAGs. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that LsNAG2 was expressed in all developmental stages and was most highly expressed in the late larval and late pupal stages. In the larval stage, LsNAG2 was predominantly expressed in the integument. Knockdown of LsNAG2 in fifth instar larvae disrupted larval-pupal molting and reduced the expression of four chitin synthesis genes (trehalase 1 (LsTRE1), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase 1 and 2 (LsUAP1 and LsUAP2), and chitin synthase 1 (LsCHS1)). In late pupae, LsNAG2 depletion resulted in abnormal adult eclosion and wing deformities. The expression of five wing development-related genes (teashirt (LsTSH), vestigial (LsVG), wingless (LsWG), ventral veins lacking (LsVVL), and distal-less (LsDLL)) significantly declined in the LsNAG2-depleted beetles. These findings suggest that LsNAG2 is important for successful molting and wing development of L. serricorne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Can Li
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-851-8540-5891
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11
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Chitin deacetylase 1 and 2 are indispensable for larval–pupal and pupal–adult molts in Heortia vitessoides (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 237:110325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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