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Chen YX, Wu S, Shen X, Xu DF, Wang Q, Ji SH, Zhu H, Wu G, Sheng C, Cai YR. Two-Phase Electrosynthesis of Dihydroxycoumestans: Discovery of a New Scaffold for Topoisomerase I Poison. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401400. [PMID: 38736421 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Coumestan represents a biologically relevant structural motif distributed in a number of natural products, and the rapid construction of related derivatives as well as the characterization of targets would accelerate lead compound discovery in medicinal chemistry. In this work, a general and scalable approach to 8,9-dihydroxycoumestans via two-electrode constant current electrolysis was developed. The application of a two-phase (aqueous/organic) system plays a crucial role for success, protecting the sensitive o-benzoquinone intermediates from over-oxidation. Based on the structurally diverse products, a primary SAR study on coumestan scaffold was completed, and compound 3 r exhibited potent antiproliferative activities and a robust topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitory activity. Further mechanism studies demonstrates that compound 3 r was a novel Top1 poison, which might open an avenue for the development of Top1-targeted antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanchao Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Fang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Hui Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, 310015, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ge Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunquan Sheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Rui Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China
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Chanu WK, Chatterjee A, Singh N, Nagaraj VA, Singh CB. Phytochemical screening, antioxidant analyses, and in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activities of herbal medicinal plant - Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117466. [PMID: 37981115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria is a major global health concern that is presently challenged by the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to mainstay artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs). Hence, the discovery of novel and effective antimalarial drugs is pivotal to treating and controlling malaria. For many years, traditional plant-based herbal medicines have been employed in the treatment of various illnesses. Rotheca serrata (L.) Steane & Mabb. belongs to the Lamiaceae family that has been traditionally used to treat, cure, and prevent numerous diseases including malaria. AIM The present investigation sought to assess the phytoconstituents, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, antimalarial activities of Rotheca serrata extract and its fractions. The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was assessed in chloroquine-sensitive Pf3D7 and artemisinin-resistant PfCam3.IR539T cultures, and the in vivo antimalarial activity was analyzed in Plasmodium berghei (Pb) ANKA strain-infected BALB/c mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS The fresh leaves of Rotheca serrata were extracted in methanol (RsMeOH crude leaf extract). A portion of the extract was used to prepare successive solvent fractions using ethyl acetate (RsEA) and hexane (RsHex). The in vitro antiplasmodial activity was evaluated using [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation assays against Pf3D7 and PfCam3.IR539T cultures. In vitro cytotoxicity study on HeLa, HEK-293T, and MCF-7 cell lines was carried out using MTT assay. The human red blood cells (RBCs) were used to perform the hemolysis assays. In vitro antioxidant studies and detailed phytochemical analysis were performed using GC-MS and FTIR. The four-day Rane's test was performed to evaluate the in vivo antimalarial activity against Pb ANKA strain-infected mice. RESULTS Phytochemical quantification of Rotheca serrata extract (RsMeOH) and its fractions (RsEA and RsHex) revealed that RsMeOH crude extract and RsEA fraction had higher contents of total phenol and flavonoid than RsHex fraction. The RsEA fraction showed potent in vitro antiplasmodial activity against Pf3D7 and PfCam3.IR539T with IC50 values of 9.24 ± 0.52 μg/mL and 17.41 ± 0.43 μg/mL, respectively. The RsMeOH crude extract exhibited moderate antiplasmodial activity while the RsHex fraction showed the least antiplasmodial activity. The GC-MS and FTIR analysis of RsMeOH and RsEA revealed the presence of triterpenes, phenols, and hydrocarbons as major constituents. The RsMeOH crude extract was non-hemolytic and non-cytotoxic to HeLa, HEK-293T, and MCF-7 cell lines. The in vivo studies showed that a 1200 mg/kg dose of RsMeOH crude extract could significantly suppress parasitemia by ∼63% and prolong the survival of treated mice by ∼10 days. The in vivo antiplasmodial activity of RsMeOH was better than the RsEA fraction. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrated that traditionally used herbal medicinal plants like R. serrata provide a platform for the identification and isolation of potent bioactive phytochemicals that in turn can promote the antimalarial drug research. RsMeOH crude extract and RsEA fraction showed antiplasmodial, antimalarial and antioxidant activities. Chemical fingerprinting analysis suggested the presence of bioactive phytocompounds that are known for their antimalarial effects. Further detailed investigations on RsMeOH crude extract and RsEA fraction would be needed for the identification of the entire repertoire of the active antimalarial components with potent pharmaceutical and therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahengbam Kabita Chanu
- Plant Bioresources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India.
| | - Nalini Singh
- Infectious Disease Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751023, Odisha, India.
| | | | - Chingakham Brajakishor Singh
- Plant Bioresources Division, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, 795001, Manipur, India.
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Arce-Ramos L, Castillo JC, Becerra D. Synthesis and Biological Studies of Benzo[ b]furan Derivatives: A Review from 2011 to 2022. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1265. [PMID: 37765074 PMCID: PMC10537293 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the benzo[b]furan motif becomes evident in the remarkable results of numerous biological investigations, establishing its potential as a robust therapeutic option. This review presents an overview of the synthesis of and exhaustive biological studies conducted on benzo[b]furan derivatives from 2011 to 2022, accentuating their exceptional promise as anticancer, antibacterial, and antifungal agents. Initially, the discussion focuses on chemical synthesis, molecular docking simulations, and both in vitro and in vivo studies. Additionally, we provide an analysis of the intricate interplay between structure and activity, thereby facilitating comparisons and profoundly emphasizing the applications of the benzo[b]furan motif within the realms of drug discovery and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan-Carlos Castillo
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
| | - Diana Becerra
- Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia;
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Cardullo N, Muccilli V, Tringali C. Laccase-mediated synthesis of bioactive natural products and their analogues. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:614-647. [PMID: 35755186 PMCID: PMC9175115 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are a class of multicopper oxidases that catalyse the one-electron oxidation of four equivalents of a reducing substrate, with the concomitant four-electron reduction of dioxygen to water. Typically, they catalyse many anabolic reactions, in which mostly phenolic metabolites were subjected to oxidative coupling. Alternatively, laccases catalyse the degradation or modification of biopolymers like lignin in catabolic processes. In recent years, laccases have proved valuable and green biocatalysts for synthesising compounds with therapeutic value, including antitumor, antibiotic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant agents. Further up to date applications include oxidative depolymerisation of lignin to gain new biomaterials and bioremediation processes of industrial waste. This review summarizes selected examples from the last decade's literature about the laccase-mediated synthesis of biologically active natural products and their analogues; these will include lignans and neolignans, dimeric stilbenoids, biflavonoids, biaryls and other compounds of potential interest for the pharmaceutical industry. In addition, a short section about applications of laccases in natural polymer modification has been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nunzio Cardullo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania V.le A. Doria 6 95125-Catania Italy +39-095-580138 +39-095-7385041 +39-095-7385025
| | - Vera Muccilli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania V.le A. Doria 6 95125-Catania Italy +39-095-580138 +39-095-7385041 +39-095-7385025
| | - Corrado Tringali
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania V.le A. Doria 6 95125-Catania Italy +39-095-580138 +39-095-7385041 +39-095-7385025
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Sousa AC, Martins LO, Robalo MP. Laccases: Versatile Biocatalysts for the Synthesis of Heterocyclic Cores. Molecules 2021; 26:3719. [PMID: 34207073 PMCID: PMC8234338 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Laccases are multicopper oxidases that have shown a great potential in various biotechnological and green chemistry processes mainly due to their high relative non-specific oxidation of phenols, arylamines and some inorganic metals, and their high redox potentials that can span from 500 to 800 mV vs. SHE. Other advantages of laccases include the use of readily available oxygen as a second substrate, the formation of water as a side-product and no requirement for cofactors. Importantly, addition of low-molecular-weight redox mediators that act as electron shuttles, promoting the oxidation of complex bulky substrates and/or of higher redox potential than the enzymes themselves, can further expand their substrate scope, in the so-called laccase-mediated systems (LMS). Laccase bioprocesses can be designed for efficiency at both acidic and basic conditions since it is known that fungal and bacterial laccases exhibit distinct optimal pH values for the similar phenolic and aromatic amines. This review covers studies on the synthesis of five- and six-membered ring heterocyclic cores, such as benzimidazoles, benzofurans, benzothiazoles, quinazoline and quinazolinone, phenazine, phenoxazine, phenoxazinone and phenothiazine derivatives. The enzymes used and the reaction protocols are briefly outlined, and the mechanistic pathways described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Sousa
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lígia O. Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1959-007 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Sun K, Li S, Si Y, Huang Q. Advances in laccase-triggered anabolism for biotechnology applications. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 41:969-993. [PMID: 33818232 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1895053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive overview of laccase-triggered anabolism from fundamental theory to biotechnology applications. Laccase is a typical biological oxidordeuctase that induces the one-electronic transfer of diverse substrates for engendering four phenoxy radicals with concomitant reduction of O2 into 2H2O. In vivo, laccase can participate in anabolic processes to create multifarious functional biopolymers such as fungal pigments, plant lignins, and insect cuticles, using mono/polyphenols and their derivatives as enzymatic substrates, and is thus conducive to biological tissue morphogenesis and global carbon storage. Exhilaratingly, fungal laccase has high redox potential (E° = 500-800 mV) and thermodynamic efficiency, making it a remarkable candidate for utilization as a versatile catalyst in the green and circular economy. This review elaborates the anabolic mechanisms of laccase in initiating the polymerization of natural phenolic compounds and their derivatives in vivo via radical-based self/cross-coupling. Information is also presented on laccase immobilization engineering that expands the practical application ranges of laccase in biotechnology by improving the enzymatic catalytic activity, stability, and reuse rate. Particularly, advances in biotechnology applications in vitro through fungal laccase-triggered macromolecular biosynthesis may provide a key research direction beneficial to the rational design of green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shunyao Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Youbin Si
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, USA
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Abstract
Laccases are multicopper oxidases, which have been widely investigated in recent decades thanks to their ability to oxidize organic substrates to the corresponding radicals while producing water at the expense of molecular oxygen. Besides their successful (bio)technological applications, for example, in textile, petrochemical, and detoxifications/bioremediations industrial processes, their synthetic potentialities for the mild and green preparation or selective modification of fine chemicals are of outstanding value in biocatalyzed organic synthesis. Accordingly, this review is focused on reporting and rationalizing some of the most recent and interesting synthetic exploitations of laccases. Applications of the so-called laccase-mediator system (LMS) for alcohol oxidation are discussed with a focus on carbohydrate chemistry and natural products modification as well as on bio- and chemo-integrated processes. The laccase-catalyzed Csp2-H bonds activation via monoelectronic oxidation is also discussed by reporting examples of enzymatic C-C and C-O radical homo- and hetero-couplings, as well as of aromatic nucleophilic substitutions of hydroquinones or quinoids. Finally, the laccase-initiated domino/cascade synthesis of valuable aromatic (hetero)cycles, elegant strategies widely documented in the literature across more than three decades, is also presented.
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Palladium and Copper Catalyzed Sonogashira cross Coupling an Excellent Methodology for C-C Bond Formation over 17 Years: A Review. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10040443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonogashira coupling involves coupling of vinyl/aryl halides with terminal acetylenes catalyzed by transition metals, especially palladium and copper. This is a well known reaction in organic synthesis and plays a role in sp2-sp C-C bond formations. This cross coupling was used in synthesis of natural products, biologically active molecules, heterocycles, dendrimers, conjugated polymers and organic complexes. This review paper focuses on developments in the palladium and copper catalyzed Sonogashira cross coupling achieved in recent years concerning substrates, different catalyst systems and reaction conditions.
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Wellington KW, Hlatshwayo V, Kolesnikova NI, Saha ST, Kaur M, Motadi LR. Anticancer activities of vitamin K3 analogues. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:378-391. [PMID: 31701430 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In a previous study we reported on the synthesis of 1,4-naphthoquinone-sulfides by thiolation of 1,4-naphthohydroquinones with primary aryl and alkyl thiols using laccase as catalyst. These compounds were synthesized as Vitamin K3 analogues. Vitamin K3 (VK3; 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone; menadione) is known to have potent anticancer activity. This investigation reports on the anticancer activity of these VK3 analogues against TK10 renal, UACC62 melanoma, MCF7 breast, HeLa cervical, PC3 prostate and HepG2 liver cancer cell lines to evaluate their cytostatic effects. A 1,4-naphthohydroquinone derivative exhibited potent cytostatic effects (GI50 = 1.66-6.75 μM) which were better than that of etoposide and parthenolide against several of the cancer cell lines. This compound produces reactive oxygen species and disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line which is an indication that the cells undergo apoptosis. The 1,4-naphthoquinone sulfides also had potent cytostatic effects (GI50 = 2.82-9.79 μM) which were also better than that of etoposide, parthenolide and VK3 against several of the cancer cell lines. These compounds are generally more selective for cancer cells than for normal human lung fetal fibroblasts (WI-38). They also have moderate to weak cytostatic effects compared to etoposide, parthenolide and VK3 which have potent cytostatic effects against WI-38. One analogue induces apoptosis by activating caspases without arresting the cell cycle in the MCF7 breast cancer cell line. These results inspire further research for possible application in cancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincent Hlatshwayo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- Centre for HIV and STI's, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
| | | | - Sourav Taru Saha
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Lesetja R Motadi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, South Africa
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Anticancer activity, apoptosis and a structure-activity analysis of a series of 1,4-naphthoquinone-2,3-bis-sulfides. Invest New Drugs 2019; 38:274-286. [PMID: 31030314 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-019-00775-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported on the synthesis of 1,4-naphthoquinone-sulfides and in this investigation we report on their anticancer activity against 6 human cancer cell lines to evaluate their cytostatic effects. The 1,4-naphthoquinone-2,3-bis-sulfides were most effective against melanoma (UACC62) (GI50 = 6.5-10 μM) and prostate (PC3) (GI50 = 5.51-8.53 μM) cancer cell lines. They exhibited better cytostatic effects than etoposide (GI50 = 0.56-36.62 μM), parthenolide (GI50 = 3.58-25.97 μM) and VK3 (GI50 = 3.41-22.59 μM) against several of the cancer cell lines. These compounds are generally more selective for cancer cells than for normal human lung fetal fibroblasts (WI-38). One compound produces ROS which results in breast (MCF7) cancer cell death caused by apoptosis as evidenced by caspase 3/7 activation. Apoptosis was found to occur by a mitochondrial pathway and not by cell cycle arrest. Gene expression studies showed that p53 (a tumour suppressor), Mdm-2 (a p53 regulator) and Bcl-2 (apoptosis inhibitor) were up-regulated during apoptosis induction. These results encourage further research for potential application in cancer chemotherapy.
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da Silva AFM, de Mello MVP, Gómez JG, Ferreira GB, Lanznaster M. Investigation of Cobalt(III)-Tetrachlorocatechol Complexes as Models for Catechol-Based Anticancer Prodrugs. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Javier G. Gómez
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro S J Batista SN 24020-141 Niteroi RJ Brazil
| | - Glaucio Braga Ferreira
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro S J Batista SN 24020-141 Niteroi RJ Brazil
| | - Mauricio Lanznaster
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal Fluminense; Outeiro S J Batista SN 24020-141 Niteroi RJ Brazil
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Wellington KW, Govindjee VP, Steenkamp P. A laccase-catalysed synthesis of triaminated cyclohexa-2,4-dienones from catechol. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Sharma A, Jain KK, Jain A, Kidwai M, Kuhad RC. Bifunctional in vivo role of laccase exploited in multiple biotechnological applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10327-10343. [PMID: 30406827 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9404-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Laccases are multicopper enzymes present in plants, fungi, bacteria, and insects, which catalyze oxidation reactions together with four electron reduction of oxygen to water. Plant, bacterial, and insect laccases have a polymerizing role in nature, implicated in biosynthesis of lignin, melanin formation, and cuticle hardening, respectively. On the other hand, fungal laccases carry out both polymerizing (melanin synthesis and fruit body formation) as well as depolymerizing roles (lignin degradation). This bifunctionality of fungal laccases can be attributed to the presence of multiple isoforms within the same as well as different genus and species. Interestingly, by manipulating culture conditions, these isoforms with their different induction patterns and unique biochemical characteristics can be expressed or over-expressed for a targeted biotechnological application. Consequently, laccases can be considered as one of the most important biocatalyst which can be exploited for divergent industrial applications viz. paper pulp bleaching, fiber modification, dye decolorization, bioremediation as well as organic synthesis. The present review spotlights the role of fungal laccases in various antagonistic applications, i.e., polymerizing and depolymerizing, and co-relating this dual role with potential industrial significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abha Sharma
- Lignocellulose Biotechnology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Kavish Kumar Jain
- Lignocellulose Biotechnology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Arti Jain
- Green Chemistry laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, North Campus, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Mazahir Kidwai
- Green Chemistry laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, North Campus, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - R C Kuhad
- Lignocellulose Biotechnology laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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15
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Sousa AC, Conceição Oliveira M, Martins LO, Robalo MP. A Sustainable Synthesis of Asymmetric Phenazines and Phenoxazinones Mediated by CotA-Laccase. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201701228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Sousa
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa; Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1 1959-007 Lisboa Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - M. Conceição Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Lígia O. Martins
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier; Universidade Nova de Lisboa; Av da República 2780-157 Oeiras Portugal
| | - M. Paula Robalo
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, ISEL - Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa; Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro, 1 1959-007 Lisboa Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Complexo I; Instituto Superior Técnico; Universidade de Lisboa; Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal
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Li J, Xie Y, Wang R, Fang Z, Fang W, Zhang X, Xiao Y. Mechanism of salt-induced activity enhancement of a marine-derived laccase, Lac15. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2017; 47:225-236. [PMID: 28875401 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-017-1251-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Laccase (benzenediol: oxygen oxidoreductases, EC1.10.3.2) is a multi-copper oxidase capable of oxidizing a variety of phenolic and other aromatic organic compounds. The catalytic power of laccase makes it an attractive candidate for potential applications in many areas of industry including biodegradation of organic pollutants and synthesis of novel drugs. Most laccases are vulnerable to high salt and have limited applications. However, some laccases are not only tolerant to but also activated by certain concentrations of salt and thus have great application potential. The mechanisms of salt-induced activity enhancement of laccases are unclear as yet. In this study, we used dynamic light scattering, size exclusion chromatography, analytical ultracentrifugation, intrinsic fluorescence emission, circular dichroism, ultraviolet-visible light absorption, and an enzymatic assay to investigate the potential correlation between the structure and activity of the marine-derived laccase, Lac15, whose activity is promoted by low concentrations of NaCl. The results showed that low concentrations of NaCl exert little influence on the protein structure, which was partially folded in the absence of the salt; moreover, the partially folded rather than the fully folded state seemed to be favorable for enzyme activity, and this partially folded state was distinctive from the so-called 'molten globule' occasionally observed in active enzymes. More data indicated that salt might promote laccase activity through mechanisms involving perturbation of specific local sites rather than a change in global structure. Potential binding sites for chloride ions and their roles in enzyme activity promotion are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Yanan Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Zemin Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Fang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xuecheng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Yazhong Xiao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Microorganisms and Biocatalysis, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China. .,Anhui Key Laboratory of Modern Biomanufacturing, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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17
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Green and mild laccase-catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling of benzenediol derivatives with various sodium benzenesulfinates. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.11.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Qwebani-Ogunleye T, Kolesnikova NI, Steenkamp P, de Koning CB, Brady D, Wellington KW. A one-pot laccase-catalysed synthesis of coumestan derivatives and their anticancer activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:1172-1182. [PMID: 28041801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Suberase®, a commercial laccase from Novozymes, was used to catalyse the synthesis of coumestans. The yields, in some cases, were similar to or better than that obtained by other enzymatic, chemical or electrochemical syntheses. The compounds were screened against renal TK10, melanoma UACC62 and breast MCF7 cancer cell-lines and the GI50, TGI and LC50 values determined. Anticancer screening showed that the cytostatic effects of the coumestans were most effective against the melanoma UACC62 and breast MCF7 cancer cell-lines exhibiting potent activities, GI50=5.35 and 7.96μM respectively. Moderate activity was obtained against the renal TK10 cancer cell-line. The total growth inhibition, based on the TGI values, of several of the compounds was better than that of etoposide against the melanoma UACC62 and the breast MCF7 cancer cell lines. Several compounds, based on the LC50 values, were also more lethal than etoposide against the same cancer cell lines. The SAR for the coumestans is similar against the melanoma UACC62 and breast MCF7 cell lines. The compound having potent activity against both breast MCF7 and melanoma UACC62 cell lines has a methyl group on the benzene ring (ring A) as well as on the catechol ring (ring B). Anticancer activity decreases when methoxy and halogen substituents are inserted on rings A and B.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Steenkamp
- CSIR Biosciences, PO Box 395, Pretoria, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Charles B de Koning
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Box, Wits 2050, South Africa
| | - Dean Brady
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, PO Box, Wits 2050, South Africa
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19
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Laccase catalysis for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:13-33. [PMID: 27872999 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The demand for compounds of therapeutic value is increasing mainly because of new applications of bioactive compounds in medicine, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries. This has necessitated the search for cost-effective methods for producing bioactive compounds and therefore the intensification of the search for enzymatic approaches in organic synthesis. Laccase is one of the enzymes that have shown encouraging potential as biocatalysts in the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Laccases are multicopper oxidases with a diverse range of catalytic activities revolving around synthesis and degradative reactions. They have attracted much attention as potential industrial catalysts in organic synthesis mainly because they are essentially green catalysts with a diverse substrate range. Their reaction only requires molecular oxygen and releases water as the only by-product. Laccase catalysis involves the abstraction of a single electron from their substrates to produce reactive radicals. The free radicals subsequently undergo homo- and hetero-coupling to form dimeric, oligomeric, polymeric, or cross-coupling products which have practical implications in organic synthesis. Consequently, there is a growing body of research focused on the synthetic applications of laccases such as organic synthesis, hair and textile dyeing, polymer synthesis, and grafting processes. This paper reviews the major advances in laccase-mediated synthesis of bioactive compounds, the mechanisms of enzymatic coupling, structure-activity relationships of synthesized compounds, and the challenges that might guide future research directions.
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20
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Cannatelli MD, Ragauskas AJ. Two Decades of Laccases: Advancing Sustainability in the Chemical Industry. CHEM REC 2016; 17:122-140. [PMID: 27492131 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Given the current state of environmental affairs and that our future on this planet as we know it is in jeopardy, research and development into greener and more sustainable technologies within the chemical and forest products industries is at its peak. Given the global scale of these industries, the need for environmentally benign practices is propelling new green processes. These challenges are also impacting academic research and our reagents of interest are laccases. These enzymes are employed in a variety of biotechnological applications due to their native function as catalytic oxidants. They are about as green as it gets when it comes to chemical processes, requiring O2 as their only co-substrate and producing H2 O as the sole by-product. The following account will review our twenty year journey on the use of these enzymes within our research group, from their initial use in biobleaching of kraft pulps and for fiber modification within the pulp and paper industry, to their current application as green catalytic oxidants in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Cannatelli
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Arthur J Ragauskas
- Renewable Bioproducts Institute, School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.,Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.,Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Department of Forestry, Wildlife & Fisheries, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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21
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Ecofriendly syntheses of phenothiazones and related structures facilitated by laccase – a comparative study. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Schmidt NG, Eger E, Kroutil W. Building Bridges: Biocatalytic C-C-Bond Formation toward Multifunctional Products. ACS Catal 2016; 6:4286-4311. [PMID: 27398261 PMCID: PMC4936090 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carbon-carbon bond formation is the key reaction for organic synthesis to construct the carbon framework of organic molecules. The review gives a selection of biocatalytic C-C-bond-forming reactions which have been investigated during the last 5 years and which have already been proven to be applicable for organic synthesis. In most cases, the reactions lead to products functionalized at the site of C-C-bond formation (e.g., α-hydroxy ketones, aminoalcohols, diols, 1,4-diketones, etc.) or allow to decorate aromatic and heteroaromatic molecules. Furthermore, examples for cyclization of (non)natural precursors leading to saturated carbocycles are given as well as the stereoselective cyclopropanation of olefins affording cyclopropanes. Although many tools are already available, recent research also makes it clear that nature provides an even broader set of enzymes to perform specific C-C coupling reactions. The possibilities are without limit; however, a big library of variants for different types of reactions is required to have the specific enzyme for a desired specific (stereoselective) reaction at hand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina G. Schmidt
- ACIB
GmbH c/o, Department of Chemistry, University
of Graz, Heinrichstrasse
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Eger
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- ACIB
GmbH c/o, Department of Chemistry, University
of Graz, Heinrichstrasse
28, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department
of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
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23
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24
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Cannatelli MD, Ragauskas AJ. Laccase-catalyzed α-arylation of benzoylacetonitrile with substituted hydroquinones. Chem Eng Res Des 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2014.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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