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Eyilcim Ö, Günay F, Ng YY, Ulucan Açan Ö, Turgut Z, Günkara ÖT. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of a New Series of Maleimide Derivatives. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400058. [PMID: 39313991 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel maleimide derivatives were synthesized, with various heterocyclic compounds serving as side chains in the synthesis process. The structural characteristics of these compounds were elucidated through the application of 1H-NMR spectroscopy, 13C-NMR (APT) spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The anti-cancer potential of these compounds was subsequently assessed in vitro, utilizing two distinct breast cancer cell lines, namely MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7, via MTT assay. Among the 12 newly synthesized compounds, 4 a, 4 b, 4 c, 4 d, 5 a, 5 b, 5 c and 5 d were determined to show the most promising anti-cancer activity against both breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, the morphological changes induced in the cells following a 24-hour incubation period with these compounds were observed using light microscopy. Additionally, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to assess the stability of the bound conformations of the compounds to the target protein GSK-3β as obtained through molecular docking calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Öznur Eyilcim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Campus, 34220, Esenler, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Food Technology Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Üsküdar University, Carsi Campus, Üsküdar, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Fulya Günay
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Yuk Yin Ng
- Hogeshooldocent Life Science, Instıtue for Life Science & Chemistry, HU University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Özlem Ulucan Açan
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zuhal Turgut
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Campus, 34220, Esenler, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ömer Tahir Günkara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Science, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa Campus, 34220, Esenler, Istanbul, Türkiye
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Arafa RK, Elghazawy NH. Personalized Medicine and Resurrected Hopes for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease: A Modular Approach Based on GSK-3β Inhibitors. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1007:199-224. [PMID: 28840559 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-60733-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurological disorders with vast reaching worldwide prevalence. Research attempts to decipher what's happening to the human mind have shown that pathogenesis of AD is associated with misfolded protein intermediates displaying tertiary structure conformational changes eventually leading to forming large polymers of unwanted aggregates. The two hallmarks of AD pathological protein aggregates are extraneuronal β-amyloid (Aβ) based senile plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). As such, AD is categorized as a protein misfolding neurodegenerative disease (PMND) . Therapeutic interventions interfering with the formation of these protein aggregates have been widely explored as potential pathways for thwarting AD progression. One such tactic is modulating the function of enzymes involved in the metabolic pathways leading to formation of these misfolded protein aggregates. Much evidence has shown that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) plays a key role in hyperphosphorylation of tau protein leading eventually to its aggregation to form NFTs. Data presented hereby will display a plethora of information as to how to interfere with progression of AD through the route of GSK-3β activity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem K Arafa
- Zewail City of Science and Technology, Cairo, 12588, Egypt.
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Galenko AV, Khlebnikov AF, Novikov MS, Avdontceva MS. Synthesis of 3-(1,2-dioxoethyl)- and 2,3-dicarbonyl-containing pyrroles. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Eftekhari-Sis B, Zirak M. Chemistry of α-oxoesters: a powerful tool for the synthesis of heterocycles. Chem Rev 2014; 115:151-264. [PMID: 25423283 DOI: 10.1021/cr5004216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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