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Acosta P, Pérez N, Pérez E, Correa B, Pérez C, Gómez C, Sánchez V, Pérez DG. Anti-inflammatory effect of dialysable leucocyte extract in a rat model of osteoarthritis: histopathological and molecular characterization. Scand J Rheumatol 2016; 45:528-535. [PMID: 27098310 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2016.1153140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of dialysable leucocyte extract (DLE) on pro- and anti-inflammatory profiles in a rat model of osteoarthritis (OA). METHOD Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: normal rats without treatment, OA rats treated with placebo, and OA rats treated with DLE. After treatment, the animals were killed to obtain cartilage for histological analysis and to determine the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by reverse transcription multiplex polymerase chain reaction (RT-MPCR) and immunohistofluorescence analyses. RESULTS Histological analysis revealed that OA cartilage from rats treated with DLE displayed similar characteristics to non-OA cartilage from the control group. The OA cartilage treated with placebo showed alterations in the cellular architecture and in chondrocyte cluster formation. Analysis of cytokine expression by RT-MPCR showed that OA cartilage from DLE-treated rats expressed platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), interferon (IFN)-γ, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, similar to non-OA cartilage from the control group. However, OA cartilage from rats treated with placebo expressed interleukin (IL)-1, PDGF, and I kappa B (IκB). Confocal immunodetection of FGF-2, PDGF, and non-phosphorylated IκB showed that they were distributed in the cytoplasm of most chondrocytes in OA cartilage from DLE-treated rats whereas no nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) expression was observed in the nuclei. Instead, in OA cartilage from the placebo group, only weak FGF-2 staining was observed, PDGF and IκB were not detected, and NF-κB was strongly observed in both cytoplasm and nuclei. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that DLE treatment modifies the OA process, promoting the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines and diminishing the inflammatory effects, avoiding the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Acosta
- a Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine , National School of Medicine and Homeopathy (ENMH), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - N Pérez
- a Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine , National School of Medicine and Homeopathy (ENMH), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - E Pérez
- b Hospital Dr Victorio de la Fuente Narváez , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - B Correa
- c Bioexport, SA de CV , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - C Pérez
- c Bioexport, SA de CV , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - C Gómez
- a Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine , National School of Medicine and Homeopathy (ENMH), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - V Sánchez
- a Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine , National School of Medicine and Homeopathy (ENMH), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - D G Pérez
- a Laboratory of Molecular Biomedicine , National School of Medicine and Homeopathy (ENMH), National Polytechnic Institute (IPN) , Mexico City , Mexico
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Elia A, Powley IR, MacFarlane M, Clemens MJ. Modulation of the sensitivity of Jurkat T-cells to inhibition of protein synthesis by tumor necrosis factor α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2014; 34:769-77. [PMID: 24731196 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2013.0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a potent inducer of apoptosis in Jurkat T lymphoma cells. One of the characteristics of the phase preceding overt apoptosis is the marked downregulation of protein synthesis. We have investigated factors that can influence this response and have explored some of the signaling pathways involved. We show that interferon-α (IFNα) pretreatment desensitizes Jurkat cells to TRAIL-induced inhibition of protein synthesis, such that the concentration of TRAIL required for 50% inhibition is increased by 10-fold. The inhibition of translation is characterized by dephosphorylation of the eIF4E-binding protein 4E-BP1 and IFNα desensitizes Jurkat cells to this effect. IFNα also inhibits TRAIL-mediated dephosphorylation of the growth-promoting protein kinase B (Akt). Since Jurkat cells are defective for phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and therefore have constitutive phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) activity, we investigated the consequences for protein synthesis of inhibiting PI3K using LY294002. Inhibition of PI3K partially inhibits translation, but also enhances the effect of a suboptimal concentration of TRAIL. However, LY294002 does not block the ability of IFNα to protect protein synthesis from TRAIL-induced inhibition. Data are presented suggesting that IFNα impairs the process of activation of caspase-8 within the TRAIL death-inducing signaling complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Androulla Elia
- 1 Translational Control Group, Molecular Cell Sciences Research Centre, St George's, University of London , London, United Kingdom
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Wu M, Gu Z, Xiao J, Feng J. Differential Expression of Apoptosis-Associated Proteins in Chondrocytes of the Mandibular Condyles of Rabbits with Anterior Disk Displacement. Cranio 2014; 26:144-9. [DOI: 10.1179/crn.2008.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Vilmont V, Tourneur L, Chiocchia G. Fas-associated death domain protein and adenosine partnership: fad in RA. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 51:964-75. [PMID: 22253026 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is the principal hallmark of RA. Different pathways are implicated in the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, the bona fide mediators of this inflammation. Among them are the TNF pathway and the IL-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor (IL-1R/TLR4) pathway. One of the potential negative regulators of IL-1R/TLR4 signalling is the Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), which is the pivotal adaptor of the apoptotic signal mediated by death receptors of the TNF family. FADD can sequester myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88), the common adaptor of most TLRs, and hence hinder the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), the downstream transcription factor. We recently described a new regulatory mechanism of FADD expression, via the shedding of microvesicles, mediated by adenosine receptors. Interestingly, adenosine is found in high concentrations in the joints of RA patients and has been largely reported as a regulator of inflammation. This review discusses the possible link that could exist between the adenosine-dependent regulation of FADD in the inflammatory context of RA and the potential role of FADD as a therapeutic target in the treatment of RA. We will see that the modulation of FADD expression may be a double-edged sword by increasing apoptosis and at the same time limiting NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Vilmont
- Département d’Immunologie-Hématologie, Institut Cochin, Inserm U1016, France
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Ahmad R, Qureshi HY, El Mabrouk M, Sylvester J, Ahmad M, Zafarullah M. Inhibition of interleukin 1-induced matrix metalloproteinase 13 expression in human chondrocytes by interferon gamma. Ann Rheum Dis 2007; 66:782-9. [PMID: 17179173 PMCID: PMC1954643 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2006.060269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite well-documented immunomodulation by interferon gamma (IFNgamma), its role and mechanism of regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) gene expression in human chondrocytes is unknown. OBJECTIVE To investigate the ability and mechanism of IFNgamma to suppress interleukin 1 (IL1)-induced MMP13 expression in articular chondrocytes. METHODS Human chondrocytes were treated with IFNgamma or IL1beta alone or in combination. MMP13 mRNA was analysed by semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR. MMP13 protein, phospho-signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase levels were measured by western blotting. MMP13 promoter luciferase, cytomegalovirus cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CBP)/p300 plasmids and STAT1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) were transfected by the calcium phosphate method. IFNgamma receptor was also neutralised. Activator protein (AP) 1 activity was monitored by the TransAM transcription factor kit. STAT1-CBP/p300 interaction was studied by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS IFNgamma potently suppressed IL1-induced expression of MMP13 and promoter activity. Blockade with neutralising IFNgamma R1 antibody revealed that MMP13 inhibition by IFNgamma is mediated by the IFN receptor. IFNgamma-stimulated activation of STAT1 was directly correlated with MMP13 suppression. Knockdown of the STAT1 gene by specific siRNA or its inhibition with fludarabine partially restored the IL1beta induction of MMP13 expression and promoter activity. IFNgamma did not alter AP1 binding ability but promoted physical interaction of STAT1 and CBP/p300 coactivator. p300 overexpression reversed IFNgamma inhibition of endogenous MMP13 mRNA expression and exogenous MMP13 promoter activity. CONCLUSION IFNgamma, through its receptor, activates STAT1, which binds with CBP/p300 coactivator, sequesters it from the cell system, and thus inhibits transcriptional induction of the MMP13 gene in chondrocytes. IFNgamma and its signalling pathways could be targeted therapeutically for diminishing IL1-induced cartilage degradation by MMP13 in patients with arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ahmad
- K-5255 Mailloux, Hôpital Notre-Dame du CHUM, 1560 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, Québec, Canada H2L 4M1.
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Shim E, Lee YS, Kim HY, Jeoung D. Down-regulation of c-FLIP increases reactive oxygen species, induces phosphorylation of serine/threonine kinase Akt, and impairs motility of cancer cells. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 29:141-7. [PMID: 17146609 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2006] [Revised: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 09/25/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of c-FLIP in cell motility was investigated using RNA interference. Down-regulation of c-FLIP increased amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while over-expression of c-FLIP produced opposite effect. ROS induced phosphorylation of Akt and impaired cell motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsook Shim
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea
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Abstract
Cellular caspase-8 (FLICE)-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP) was originally identified as an inhibitor of death-receptor signalling through competition with caspase-8 for recruitment to FAS-associated via death domain (FADD). More recently, it has been determined that both cFLIP and caspase-8 are required for the survival and proliferation of T cells following T-cell-receptor stimulation. This paradoxical finding launched new investigations of how these molecules might connect with signalling pathways that link to cell survival and growth following antigen-receptor activation. As discussed in this Review, insight gained from these studies indicates that cFLIP and caspase-8 form a heterodimer that ultimately links T-cell-receptor signalling to activation of nuclear factor-kappaB through a complex that includes B-cell lymphoma 10 (BCL-10), mucosa-associated-lymphoid-tissue lymphoma-translocation gene 1 (MALT1) and receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph C Budd
- Immunobiology Program, Department of Medicine, The University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 50405, USA
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Stanic I, Facchini A, Borzì RM, Vitellozzi R, Stefanelli C, Goldring MB, Guarnieri C, Facchini A, Flamigni F. Polyamine depletion inhibits apoptosis following blocking of survival pathways in human chondrocytes stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Cell Physiol 2006; 206:138-46. [PMID: 15965903 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.20446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chondrocyte apoptosis can be an important contributor to cartilage degeneration, thereby making it a potential therapeutic target in articular diseases. To search for new approaches to limit chondrocytic cell death, we investigated the requirement of polyamines for apoptosis favored by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), using specific polyamine biosynthesis inhibitors in human chondrocytes. The combined treatment of C-28/I2 chondrocytes with TNF and cycloheximide (CHX) resulted in a prompt effector caspase activation and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Pre-treatment of chondrocytes with alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor, markedly reduced putrescine and spermidine content as well as the caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation induced by TNF and CHX. DFMO treatment also inhibited the increase in effector caspase activity provoked by TNF plus MG132, a proteasome inhibitor. DFMO decreased caspase-8 activity and procaspase-8 content, an apical caspase essential for TNF-induced apoptosis. Although DFMO increased the amount of active, phosphorylated Akt, inhibitors of the Akt pathway failed to restore the TNF-induced increase in caspase activity blunted by DFMO. DFMO also reduced the increase in caspase activity induced by staurosporine, but in this case Akt inhibition prevented the DFMO effect. Pre-treatment with CGP 48664, an S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) inhibitor markedly reduced spermidine and spermine levels, and provoked effects similar to those caused by DFMO. Finally DFMO was effective even in primary osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocyte cultures. These results suggest that the intracellular depletion of polyamines in chondrocytes can inhibit both the death receptor pathway by reducing the level of procaspase-8, and the apoptotic mitochondrial pathway by activating Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Stanic
- Dipartimento di Biochimica G. Moruzzi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Baader E, Toloczko A, Fuchs U, Schmid I, Beltinger C, Ehrhardt H, Debatin KM, Jeremias I. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-mediated proliferation of tumor cells with receptor-proximal apoptosis defects. Cancer Res 2005; 65:7888-95. [PMID: 16140959 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-4278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) might represent a future cytotoxic drug to treat cancer as it induces apoptosis in tumor cells without toxicity in animal trials. We recently described that in contrast to apoptosis, TRAIL mediates tumor cell survival and proliferation in certain tumor cells. Here we studied the effect of TRAIL on 18 cell lines and 53 primary leukemia cells and classified these tumor cells into four groups: TRAIL, anti-DR4 or anti-DR5 induced apoptosis in group A cells, whereas they had no effect on group 0 cells and mediated proliferation in group P cells. To our surprise, TRAIL induced simultaneous apoptosis and proliferation in group AP cells. More than 20% of all cells tested belonged to group P and showed TRAIL-mediated proliferation even in the presence of certain cytotoxic drugs but not inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappaB. Transfection with B-cell leukemia/lymphoma protein 2 transformed group A cells into group 0 cells, whereas transfection with Fas-associated polypeptide with death domain (FADD)-like interleukin-1-converting enzyme-inhibitory protein (FLIP) transformed them into group AP cells. Loss of caspase-8 or transfection of dominant-negative FADD transformed group A cells into group P cells. Taken together, our data suggest that proliferation is a frequent effect of TRAIL on tumor cells, which is related to receptor-proximal apoptosis defects at the level of the death-inducing signaling complex and should be prevented during antitumor therapy with TRAIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Baader
- Research Center Kubus , Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Munich, Germany
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Siegmund D, Wicovsky A, Schmitz I, Schulze-Osthoff K, Kreuz S, Leverkus M, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Kracht M, Wajant H. Death receptor-induced signaling pathways are differentially regulated by gamma interferon upstream of caspase 8 processing. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:6363-79. [PMID: 16024776 PMCID: PMC1190324 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.15.6363-6379.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
FasL and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) are produced by activated T cells and NK cells and synergistically induce apoptosis. Although both cytokines can also elicit proinflammatory responses, a possible cross talk of these ligands with respect to nonapoptotic signaling has been poorly addressed. Here, we show that IFN-gamma sensitizes KB cells for apoptosis induction by facilitating death-inducing signaling complex (DISC)-mediated caspase 8 processing. Moreover, after protection against death receptor-induced apoptosis by caspase inhibition or Bcl2 overexpression, IFN-gamma also sensitized for Fas- and TRAIL death receptor-mediated NF-kappaB activation leading to synergistic upregulation of a variety of proinflammatory genes. In contrast, Fas-mediated activation of JNK, p38, and p42/44 occurred essentially independent from IFN-gamma sensitization, indicating that the apoptosis- and NF-kappaB-related FasL-IFN-gamma cross talk was not due to a simple global enhancement of Fas signaling. Overexpression of FLIP(L) and FLIP(S) inhibited Fas- as well as TRAIL-mediated NF-kappaB activation and apoptosis induction in IFN-gamma-primed cells suggesting that both responses are coregulated at the level of the DISC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Siegmund
- Department of Molecular Internal Medicine, Medical Polyclinic, University of Würzburg, Röntgenring 11, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
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Bühling F, Wille A, Röcken C, Wiesner O, Baier A, Meinecke I, Welte T, Pap T. Altered expression of membrane-bound and soluble CD95/Fas contributes to the resistance of fibrotic lung fibroblasts to FasL induced apoptosis. Respir Res 2005; 6:37. [PMID: 15833141 PMCID: PMC1087885 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-6-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2004] [Accepted: 04/17/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An altered susceptibility of lung fibroblasts to Fas-induced apoptosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis; however, the underlying mechanism is not completely understood. Here, we studied the susceptibility of lung fibroblasts, obtained from patients with (f-fibs) and without pulmonary fibrosis (n-fibs), to FasL- (CD95L/APO-1) induced apoptosis in relation to the expression and the amounts of membrane-bound and soluble Fas. We also analysed the effects of tumor necrosis factor-beta on FasL-induced cell death. METHODS Apoptosis was induced with recombinant human FasL, with and without prior stimulation of the fibroblasts with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and measured by a histone fragmentation assay and flow cytometry. The expression of Fas mRNA was determined by quantitative PCR. The expression of cell surface Fas was determined by flow cytometry, and that of soluble Fas (sFas) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS When compared to n-fibs, f-fibs were resistant to FasL-induced apoptosis, despite significantly higher levels of Fas mRNA. F-fibs showed lower expression of surface-bound Fas but higher levels of sFas. While TNF-alpha increased the susceptibility to FasL-induced apoptosis in n-fibs, it had no pro-apoptotic effect in f-fibs. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that lower expression of surface Fas, but higher levels of apoptosis-inhibiting sFas, contribute to the resistance of fibroblasts in lung fibrosis against apoptosis, to increased cellularity and also to increased formation and deposition of extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Bühling
- Institute of Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratoy Diagnostics, Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus gGmbH, Thiemstr. 111, 03048 Cottbus, Germany
| | - Aline Wille
- Institute of Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Division of Experimental Rheumatology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Röcken
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Wiesner
- Department of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anja Baier
- Division of Experimental Rheumatology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ingmar Meinecke
- Division of Experimental Rheumatology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Division of Molecular Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Hospital, Munster, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Department of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Pap
- Division of Experimental Rheumatology, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Division of Molecular Medicine of Musculoskeletal Tissue, University Hospital, Munster, Germany
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