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Thakur AK, Rana MK, Luthra-Guptasarma M. Resistance to unfolding by acidic pH and resistance to lysosomal degradation explains disease-association of HLA-B27 subtypes. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109226. [PMID: 36162243 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the high rate of disease association of HLA-B27 with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), including formation of disulfide-bonded dimers and misfolding of the heavy chain (HC), involving formation of high molecular weight (HMW) multimers. Recently, we have shown that the HMW entities of non-disease associated (non-DA) subtypes cause activation of endosomal-lysosomal pathways, while disease-associated (DA) subtypes of HLA-B27 cause activation of autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways. In this paper, we seek an explanation for the failure of these pathways to degrade the HMW entities of DA subtypes of HLA-B27, using a combination of in vitro assays, using extracellular domains of heavy chains (EDHC), as well as in vivo assays, using stable transfectants of the full lengths of heavy chains (FLHC) of DA and non-DA subtypes. Our data shows that both DA and non-DA subtypes form HMW entities. However, non-DA HMW entities display far greater levels of degradation than DA HMW species. Non-DA EDHC display greater loss of structure at lysosomal pH in vitro. This was confirmed by experiments showing that (i) DA FLHCs co-localize with LAMP1, and (ii) induction of autophagy by rapamycin causes significant decrease in levels of non-DA HMW entities, but not that of DA HMW entities. These results point towards lack of facile lysosomal clearance of FLHCs of DA subtypes, suggesting that disease association of HLA-B27 subtypes is correlated with higher persistence of HMW entities in the low pH of lysosomes, with higher potential to trigger immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Thakur
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Manish Kumar Rana
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Manni Luthra-Guptasarma
- Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh 160012, India.
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2
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Lenart I, Truong LH, Nguyen DD, Rasiukienė O, Tsao E, Armstrong J, Kumar P, McHugh K, Pereira BI, Maan BS, Garstka MA, Bowness P, Blake N, Powis SJ, Gould K, Nesbeth D, Antoniou AN. Intrinsic Folding Properties of the HLA-B27 Heavy Chain Revealed by Single Chain Trimer Versions of Peptide-Loaded Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Molecules. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902135. [PMID: 35958592 PMCID: PMC9359109 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide-loaded Major Histocompatibility Complex (pMHC) class I molecules can be expressed in a single chain trimeric (SCT) format, composed of a specific peptide fused to the light chain beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) and MHC class I heavy chain (HC) by flexible linker peptides. pMHC SCTs have been used as effective molecular tools to investigate cellular immunity and represent a promising vaccine platform technology, due to their intracellular folding and assembly which is apparently independent of host cell folding pathways and chaperones. However, certain MHC class I HC molecules, such as the Human Leukocyte Antigen B27 (HLA-B27) allele, present a challenge due to their tendency to form HC aggregates. We constructed a series of single chain trimeric molecules to determine the behaviour of the HLA-B27 HC in a scenario that usually allows for efficient MHC class I molecule folding. When stably expressed, a pMHC SCT incorporating HLA-B27 HC formed chaperone-bound homodimers within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). A series of HLA-B27 SCT substitution mutations revealed that the F pocket and antigen binding groove regions of the HLA-B27 HC defined the folding and dimerisation of the single chain complex, independently of the peptide sequence. Furthermore, pMHC SCTs can demonstrate variability in their association with the intracellular antigen processing machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Lenart
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Centre of Rheumatology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre of Rheumatology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Clinical Trials and Regulatory Affairs, Science Pharma, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Linh-Huyen Truong
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- University of Oxford, Botnar Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dinh Dung Nguyen
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Medical Genetics Department, Medical Genetics centre, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Olga Rasiukienė
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Edward Tsao
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Centre of Rheumatology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Armstrong
- School of Medicine and Biological Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- School of Medicine and Biological Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty McHugh
- The Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Branca I. Pereira
- Division of Infection and Immunity/Centre of Rheumatology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Centre of Rheumatology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Research and Development Department, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Balraj S. Maan
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- School of Medical Education, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Malgorzata A. Garstka
- Core Research Laboratory, Department of Endocrinology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Paul Bowness
- The Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Blake
- Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J. Powis
- School of Medicine and Biological Sciences Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Gould
- Wright-Fleming Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darren Nesbeth
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antony N. Antoniou
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Antony N. Antoniou,
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3
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Kusuda M, Haroon N, Nakamura A. Complexity of enthesitis and new bone formation in ankylosing spondylitis: current understanding of the immunopathology and therapeutic approaches. Mod Rheumatol 2021; 32:484-492. [PMID: 34918137 DOI: 10.1093/mr/roab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing availability of treatments for spondyloarthritis (SpA) including tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-17 (IL-17) inhibitors, there is no established treatment that abates new bone formation (NBF) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a subset of SpA. Recent research on TNF has revealed the increased level of transmembrane TNF in the joint tissue of SpA patients compared to that of rheumatoid arthritis patients, which appears to facilitate TNF-driven osteo-proliferative changes in AS. In addition, there is considerable interest in the central role of IL-23/IL-17 axis in type 3 immunity and the therapeutic potential of blocking this axis to ameliorate enthesitis and NBF in AS. AS immunopathology involves a variety of immune cells, including both innate and adoptive immune cells, to orchestrate the immune response driving type 3 immunity. In response to external stimuli of inflammatory cytokines, local osteo-chondral progenitor cells activate intra-cellular anabolic molecules and signals involving hedgehog, bone morphogenetic proteins, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, and Wnt pathways to promote NBF in AS. Here, we provide an overview of the current immunopathology and future directions for the treatment of enthesitis and NBF associated with AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Kusuda
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nigil Haroon
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Akihiro Nakamura
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Spondylitis Program, Division of Rheumatology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Rheumatology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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4
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Jah N, Jobart-Malfait A, Ermoza K, Noteuil A, Chiocchia G, Breban M, André C. HLA-B27 Subtypes Predisposing to Ankylosing Spondylitis Accumulate in an Endoplasmic Reticulum-Derived Compartment Apart From the Peptide-Loading Complex. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:1534-1546. [PMID: 32270915 DOI: 10.1002/art.41281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was previously shown that HLA-B27 subtypes predisposing to spondyloarthritis (SpA), i.e., B*27:02, B*27:05, and B*27:07, displayed an increased propensity to form intracellular oligomers and to accumulate at a high density in cytoplasmic vesicles, as compared to the non-SpA-associated HLA-B*07:02 and HLA-B*27:06. This study was undertaken to characterize the nature and content of HLA-B-containing vesicles and to further examine their relevance to SpA predisposition. METHODS Vesicles containing HLA-B proteins were detected in transfected HeLa cells and in cells from SpA patients or HLA-B27/human β2 -microglobulin (hβ2 m)-transgenic rats, by microscopy. The nature and content of HLA-B-containing vesicles were characterized in colocalization experiments with appropriate markers. RESULTS The SpA-associated HLA-B*27:04 subtype accumulated at higher levels (P < 10-5 ) in cytoplasmic vesicles compared to HLA-B*27:06, from which it differs only by 2 substitutions, reinforcing the correlation between vesicle formation and SpA predisposition. Colocalization studies showed that those vesicles contained misfolded HLA-B heavy chain along with β2 m and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperones (calnexin, calreticulin, BiP, glucose-regulated protein 94-kd) and belonged to the ER but were distinct from the peptide-loading complex (PLC). Similar vesicles were observed in immune cells from HLA-B27+ SpA patients, in greater abundance than in healthy controls (P < 0.01), and in dendritic cells from HLA-B27/hβ2 m transgenic rats, correlating with SpA susceptibility. CONCLUSION Accumulation of misfolded HLA-B heavy chain along with β2 m and ER chaperones into ER-derived vesicles distinct from the PLC is a characteristic feature of HLA-B27 subtypes predisposing to SpA. This phenomenon could contribute to HLA-B27 pathogenicity, via a noncanonical mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Jah
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, and Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aude Jobart-Malfait
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, and Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ketia Ermoza
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, and Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Noteuil
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, and Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Maxime Breban
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and Hôpital Ambroise Paré, AP-HP, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Claudine André
- Université Paris-Saclay, Universite' de Versailles St.-Quentin-en-Yvelines, INSERM (UMR 1173), Montigny-Le-Bretonneux, France, and Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
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5
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Abstract
Since the discovery of HLA 60 years ago, it has contributed to the understanding of the immune system as well as of the pathogenesis of several diseases. Aside from its essential role in determining donor-recipient immune compatibility in organ transplantation, HLA genotyping is meanwhile performed routinely as part of the diagnostic work-up of certain autoimmune diseases. Considering the ability of HLA to influence thymic selection as well as peripheral anergy of T cells, its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity is understandable. The aim of this paper is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behçet's disease as well as HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in celiac disease and HLA-DRB1 in rheumatoid arthritis and to discuss possible future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Bodis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Mainz, Germany.,Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Bioscientia Labor Ingelheim, Ingelheim Am Rhein, Germany
| | - Victoria Toth
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Mainz, Germany.,Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Bioscientia Labor Ingelheim, Ingelheim Am Rhein, Germany
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Mainz, Germany. .,ACURA Center for Rheumatic Diseases, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.
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6
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Abstract
The aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of the role and current clinical relevance of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthritis and HLA-B51 in Behcet's disease as well as HLA-DQ2/DQ8 in celiac disease and HLA-DRB1 in rheumatoid arthritis and to discuss possible future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Bodis
- Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
- Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatine, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Victoria Toth
- Bioscientia Institut für Medizinische Diagnostik GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
- Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatine, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - Andreas Schwarting
- Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatine, Bad Kreuznach, Germany.
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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7
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Vitulano C, Tedeschi V, Paladini F, Sorrentino R, Fiorillo MT. The interplay between HLA-B27 and ERAP1/ERAP2 aminopeptidases: from anti-viral protection to spondyloarthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 190:281-290. [PMID: 28759104 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen class I gene HLA-B27 is the strongest risk factor for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory arthritic disorder. More recently, the Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase (ERAP) 1 and 2 genes have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) as additional susceptibility factors. In the ER, these aminopeptidases trim the peptides to a length suitable to fit into the groove of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules. It is noteworthy that an epistatic interaction between HLA-B27 and ERAP1, but not between HLA-B27 and ERAP2, has been highlighted. However, these observations suggest a paramount centrality for the HLA-B27 peptide repertoire that determines the natural B27 immunological function, i.e. the T cell antigen presentation and, as a by-product, elicits HLA-B27 aberrant behaviours: (i) the misfolding leading to ER stress responses and autophagy and (ii) the surface expression of homodimers acting as ligands for innate immune receptors. In this context, it has been observed that the HLA-B27 carriers, besides being prone to autoimmunity, display a far better surveillance to some viral infections. This review focuses on the ambivalent role of HLA-B27 in autoimmunity and viral protection correlating its functions to the quantitative and qualitative effects of ERAP1 and ERAP2 polymorphisms on their enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vitulano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - V Tedeschi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Paladini
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - R Sorrentino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Fiorillo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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8
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Guiliano DB, North H, Panayoitou E, Campbell EC, McHugh K, Cooke FGM, Silvestre M, Bowness P, Powis SJ, Antoniou AN. Polymorphisms in the F Pocket of HLA-B27 Subtypes Strongly Affect Assembly, Chaperone Interactions, and Heavy-Chain Misfolding. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:610-621. [PMID: 27723268 DOI: 10.1002/art.39948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HLA-B27 is associated with the inflammatory spondyloarthritides (SpA), although subtypes HLA-B*27:06 and HLA-B*27:09 are not. These subtypes differ from the HLA-B*27:05 disease-associated allele primarily at residues 114 and 116 of the heavy chain, part of the F pocket of the antigen-binding groove. Dimerization of HLA-B27 during assembly has been implicated in disease onset. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors that influence differences in dimerization between disease-associated and non-disease-associated HLA-B27 alleles. METHODS HLA-B*27:05 and mutants resembling the HLA-B*27:06 and 09 subtypes were expressed in the rat C58 T cell line, the human CEM T cell line and its calnexin-deficient variant CEM.NKR. Immunoprecipitation, pulse-chase experiments, flow cytometry, and immunoblotting were performed to study the assembly kinetics, heavy-chain dimerization, and chaperone associations. RESULTS By expressing HLA-B*27:05, 06-like, and 09 alleles on a restrictive rat transporter associated with antigen processing background, we demonstrate that a tyrosine expressed at p116, either alone or together with an aspartic acid residue at p114, inhibited HLA-B27 dimerization and increased the assembly rate. F-pocket residues altered the associations with chaperones of the early major histocompatibility complex class I folding pathway. Calnexin was demonstrated to participate in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated degradation of dimers, whereas the oxidoreductase ERp57 does not appear to influence dimerization. CONCLUSION Residues within the F pocket of the peptide-binding groove, which differ between disease-associated and non-disease-associated HLA-B27 subtypes, can influence the assembly process and heavy-chain dimerization, events which have been linked to the initiation of disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen North
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Colindale Blood Centre, London, UK
| | - Eleni Panayoitou
- NHS North West Surrey Clinical Commissioning Group, Weybridge, UK
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9
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Barnea E, Melamed Kadosh D, Haimovich Y, Satumtira N, Dorris ML, Nguyen MT, Hammer RE, Tran TM, Colbert RA, Taurog JD, Admon A. The Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA)-B27 Peptidome in Vivo, in Spondyloarthritis-susceptible HLA-B27 Transgenic Rats and the Effect of Erap1 Deletion. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:642-662. [PMID: 28188227 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.066241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-B27 is a class I major histocompatibility (MHC-I) allele that confers susceptibility to the rheumatic disease ankylosing spondylitis (AS) by an unknown mechanism. ERAP1 is an aminopeptidase that trims peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum for binding to MHC-I molecules. ERAP1 shows genetic epistasis with HLA-B27 in conferring susceptibility to AS. Male HLA-B27 transgenic rats develop arthritis and serve as an animal model of AS, whereas female B27 transgenic rats remain healthy. We used large scale quantitative mass spectrometry to identify over 15,000 unique HLA-B27 peptide ligands, isolated after immunoaffinity purification of the B27 molecules from the spleens of HLA-B27 transgenic rats. Heterozygous deletion of Erap1, which reduced the Erap1 level to less than half, had no qualitative or quantitative effects on the B27 peptidome. Homozygous deletion of Erap1 affected approximately one-third of the B27 peptidome but left most of the B27 peptidome unchanged, suggesting the possibility that some of the HLA-B27 immunopeptidome is not processed in the presence of Erap1. Deletion of Erap1 was permissive for the AS-like phenotype, increased mean peptide length and increased the frequency of C-terminal hydrophobic residues and of N-terminal Ala, Ser, or Lys. The presence of Erap1 increased the frequency of C-terminal Lys and Arg, of Glu and Asp at intermediate residues, and of N-terminal Gly. Several peptides of potential interest in AS pathogenesis, previously identified in human cell lines, were isolated. However, rats susceptible to arthritis had B27 peptidomes similar to those of non-susceptible rats, and no peptides were found to be uniquely associated with arthritis. Whether specific B27-bound peptides are required for AS pathogenesis remains to be determined. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD005502.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilon Barnea
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dganit Melamed Kadosh
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yael Haimovich
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Nimman Satumtira
- §Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-8884
| | - Martha L Dorris
- §Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-8884
| | - Mylinh T Nguyen
- ¶Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-8816
| | - Robert E Hammer
- ¶Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-8816
| | - Tri M Tran
- ‖NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1560
| | - Robert A Colbert
- ‖NIAMS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1560
| | - Joel D Taurog
- §Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-8884;
| | - Arie Admon
- From the ‡Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel;
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10
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Molecular and pathogenic effects of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidases ERAP1 and ERAP2 in MHC-I-associated inflammatory disorders: Towards a unifying view. Mol Immunol 2016; 77:193-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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11
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel D Taurog
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
| | - Avneesh Chhabra
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
| | - Robert A Colbert
- From the Rheumatic Diseases Division, Department of Internal Medicine (J.D.T.), and the Musculoskeletal Imaging Division, Department of Radiology (A.C.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; and the Pediatric Translational Research Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.A.C.)
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12
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Cheng X, Mei Y, Ji X, Xue Q, Chen D. Molecular mechanism of the susceptibility difference between HLA-B*27:02/04/05 and HLA-B*27:06/09 to ankylosing spondylitis: substitution analysis, MD simulation, QSAR modelling, and in vitro assay. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 27:409-425. [PMID: 27228481 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2016.1179672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The human leukocyte antigen HLA-B27 is directly involved in the disease pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). HLA-B27 has a high degree of genetic polymorphism, with 105 currently known subtypes; the presence of aspartic acid at residue 116 (Asp116) has been found to play an essential role in AS susceptibility. Here, we systematically investigated the molecular mechanism of the susceptibility difference between the AS-associated subtypes HLA-B*27:02/04/05 and AS-unassociated subtypes HLA-B*27:06/09 to AS at sequence, structure, energetic and dynamic levels. In total seven variable residues were identified among the five studied HLA-B27 subtypes, in which Asp116 can be largely stabilized by a spatially vicinal, positively charged His114 through a salt bridge, while five other variable residues seem to have only a marginal effect on AS susceptibility. We also employed a quantitative structure-activity relationship approach to model the statistical correlation between peptide structure and affinity to HLA-B*27:05, a genetic ancestor of all other HLA-B27 subtypes and associated strongly with AS. The built regression predictor was verified rigorously through both internal cross-validation and external blind validation, and was then employed to identify potential HLA-B*27:05 binders from >20,000 cartilage-derived self-peptides. Subsequently, the binding potency of the top five antigenic peptides to HLA-B*27:05 was assayed in vitro using a FACS-based MHC stabilization experiment. Consequently, two (QRVGSDEFK and LRGAGTNEK) out of the five peptides were determined to have high affinity (BL50 = 5.5 and 15.8 nM, respectively) and, as expected, both of them possess positively charged Lys at the C-terminus.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Cheng
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Y Mei
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - X Ji
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Q Xue
- a Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - D Chen
- b Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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Smith JA. The role of the unfolded protein response in axial spondyloarthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 35:1425-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-015-3117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wu J, Zhang L, Zhou Y. The association between CTLA-4 (+49 A/G) polymorphism and susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis: a meta-analysis. Int J Rheum Dis 2015; 19:1237-1243. [PMID: 26176417 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.12705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Beijing Jishuitan Hospital; Fourth Clinical College of Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Beijing Jishuitan Hospital; Fourth Clinical College of Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yixin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Beijing Jishuitan Hospital; Fourth Clinical College of Peking University; Beijing China
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Abualrous ET, Fritzsche S, Hein Z, Al-Balushi MS, Reinink P, Boyle LH, Wellbrock U, Antoniou AN, Springer S. F pocket flexibility influences the tapasin dependence of two differentially disease-associated MHC Class I proteins. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:1248-57. [PMID: 25615938 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201445307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The human MHC class I protein HLA-B*27:05 is statistically associated with ankylosing spondylitis, unlike HLA-B*27:09, which differs in a single amino acid in the F pocket of the peptide-binding groove. To understand how this unique amino acid difference leads to a different behavior of the proteins in the cell, we have investigated the conformational stability of both proteins using a combination of in silico and experimental approaches. Here, we show that the binding site of B*27:05 is conformationally disordered in the absence of peptide due to a charge repulsion at the bottom of the F pocket. In agreement with this, B*27:05 requires the chaperone protein tapasin to a greater extent than the conformationally stable B*27:09 in order to remain structured and to bind peptide. Taken together, our data demonstrate a method to predict tapasin dependence and physiological behavior from the sequence and crystal structure of a particular class I allotype. Also watch the Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esam T Abualrous
- Department of Life Science and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Jeanty C, Sourisce A, Noteuil A, Jah N, Wielgosik A, Fert I, Breban M, André C. HLA-B27 subtype oligomerization and intracellular accumulation patterns correlate with predisposition to spondyloarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:2113-23. [PMID: 24692163 DOI: 10.1002/art.38644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mechanisms underlying the striking association of spondyloarthritis (SpA) with the class I major histocompatibility complex molecule HLA-B27 remain poorly understood. SpA-like disease develops spontaneously in B*2705-transgenic rats, in conjunction with high HLA-B27 expression levels. This study was undertaken to examine the effects of increased expression of HLA-B27 alleles that are differentially associated with SpA on oligomerization and intracellular redistribution. METHODS HeLa cells were transfected with complementary DNA encoding for HLA-B proteins fused to yellow fluorescent protein and/or Renilla luciferase and harvested at an early phase and a later phase of expression. We monitored HLA-B intracellular trafficking and localization by means of microscopy and live-cell imaging. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and Western blotting were used to monitor HLA-B oligomerization. RESULTS At low expression levels, BRET signals were similarly elevated for all SpA-associated HLA-B27 alleles tested, but were lower for the nonassociated B*2706. Of note, at higher expression levels, HLA-B27 signals remained steady while signal for HLA-B7 decreased sharply, reaching the level observed for B*2706. This was due at least in part to a decreased oligomer proportion without unfolded protein response outbreak. Such differential behavior was not abrogated by proteasome inhibition. With increased expression, all HLA-B proteins accumulated to a high density in cytoplasmic vesicles with labile form and size. The extent of this phenomenon was closely correlated with the level of association with predisposition to SpA. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report of a correlation between the level of predisposition to SpA conferred by HLA-B27 alleles and their biochemical behavior. These findings open new perspectives for understanding the pathogenicity of HLA-B27.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Jeanty
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS (UMR 8104), and Université Paris Descartes (UMR-S1016), Paris, France
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García-Medel N, Sanz-Bravo A, Alvarez-Navarro C, Gómez-Molina P, Barnea E, Marcilla M, Admon A, de Castro JAL. Peptide handling by HLA-B27 subtypes influences their biological behavior, association with ankylosing spondylitis and susceptibility to endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1). Mol Cell Proteomics 2014; 13:3367-80. [PMID: 25187574 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m114.039214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
HLA-B27 is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). We analyzed the relationship between structure, peptide specificity, folding, and stability of the seven major HLA-B27 subtypes to determine the role of their constitutive peptidomes in the pathogenicity of this molecule. Identification of large numbers of ligands allowed us to define the differences among subtype-bound peptidomes and to elucidate the peptide features associated with AS and molecular stability. The peptides identified only in AS-associated or high thermostability subtypes with identical A and B pockets were longer and had bulkier and more diverse C-terminal residues than those found only among non-AS-associated/lower-thermostability subtypes. Peptides sequenced from all AS-associated subtypes and not from non-AS-associated ones, thus strictly correlating with disease, were very rare. Residue 116 was critical in determining peptide binding, thermodynamic properties, and folding, thus emerging as a key feature that unified HLA-B27 biology. HLA-B27 ligands were better suited to TAP transport than their N-terminal precursors, and AS-associated subtype ligands were better than those from non-AS-associated subtypes, suggesting a particular capacity of AS-associated subtypes to bind epitopes directly produced in the cytosol. Peptides identified only from AS-associated/high-thermostability subtypes showed a higher frequency of ERAP1-resistant N-terminal residues than ligands found only in non-AS-associated/low-thermostability subtypes, reflecting a more pronounced effect of ERAP1 on the former group. Our results reveal the basis for the relationship between peptide specificity and other features of HLA-B27, provide a unified view of HLA-B27 biology and pathogenicity, and suggest a larger influence of ERAP1 polymorphism on AS-associated than non-AS-associated subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel García-Medel
- From the ‡Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Sanz-Bravo
- From the ‡Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alvarez-Navarro
- From the ‡Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gómez-Molina
- From the ‡Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eilon Barnea
- §Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Miguel Marcilla
- ¶Functional Proteomics Unit. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Madrid, Spain
| | - Arie Admon
- §Faculty of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - José A López de Castro
- From the ‡Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Madrid, Spain;
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Howell WM. HLA and disease: guilt by association. Int J Immunogenet 2013; 41:1-12. [DOI: 10.1111/iji.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- W. M. Howell
- Department of Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics; NHS Blood and Transplant; Newcastle upon Tyne UK
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An BC, Wang Y, Jiang X, Lu HS, Fang ZY, Wang Y, Dai KR. Effects of Baduanjin (八段锦) exercise on knee osteoarthritis: A one-year study. Chin J Integr Med 2012; 19:143-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-012-1211-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Campbell EC, Antoniou AN, Powis SJ. The multi-faceted nature of HLA class I dimer molecules. Immunology 2012; 136:380-4. [PMID: 22533699 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03593.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The canonical role of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHCI) molecules in antigen presentation involves the recognition of a short peptide of intracellular origin, bound to the upper surface of the class I molecule, by CD8(+) T lymphocytes. Assembly and loading of the MHCI is a highly regulated, chaperone-mediated process and only when the fully folded MHCI molecule is correctly loaded with peptide is it released from the endoplasmic reticulum for trafficking to the cell surface. Current models of the interactions of MHCI molecules with their cognate receptors visualize them functioning as monomeric entities. However, in recent years, new data have revealed MHCI molecules with the ability to form disulphide-linked dimeric structures, with several distinct dimer entities being elucidated. We describe here three types of MHCI dimers; HLA-B27 dimers formed predominantly through the possession of an unpaired cysteine within the peptide-binding groove; HLA-G dimers, which form through a cysteine on its external surface; and a novel population we term redox-induced dimers, which can form between cysteine residues in the cytoplasmic tail domains. The characteristics of these dimeric MHCI molecules and their role in both normal immune responses and in disease pathogenesis are reviewed in this article.
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McHugh K, Bowness P. The link between HLA-B27 and SpA--new ideas on an old problem. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 51:1529-39. [PMID: 22513152 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The strong association of the HLA-B27 with AS was first discovered independently by groups in London and California in 1972 and has recently been confirmed beyond reasonable doubt by fine mapping in the latest and most sophisticated genome-wide association study (GWAS) published this July. Yet, despite nearly four decades of extensive research, the exact role that HLA-B27 plays in pathogenesis remains unknown. However, we believe that recent developments in three fields have allowed us to view this conundrum in a new light and to propose coherent theories of disease pathogenesis. These areas are as follows: (i) GWASs, (ii) studies of B27 biology and (iii) lessons from biologic therapies. In this review we will discuss these recent advances before discussing the current models of AS pathogenesis under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty McHugh
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Chatzikyriakidou A, Voulgari PV, Drosos AA. What is the role of HLA-B27 in spondyloarthropathies? Autoimmun Rev 2011; 10:464-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Accepted: 01/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Masters SL, O’Neill LA. Disease-associated amyloid and misfolded protein aggregates activate the inflammasome. Trends Mol Med 2011; 17:276-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Galocha B, López de Castro JA. Mutational analysis reveals a complex interplay of peptide binding and multiple biological features of HLA-B27. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:39180-90. [PMID: 20889980 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.149906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular polymorphism influences the strong association of HLA-B27 with ankylosing spondylitis through an unknown mechanism. Natural subtypes and site-directed mutants were used to analyze the effect of altering the peptide-binding site of this molecule on its stability, interaction with tapasin, folding, and export. The disease-associated subtypes B*2705, B*2702, and B*2704 showed higher thermostability at 50 °C than all other subtypes and mutants, except some mimicking B*2702 polymorphism. The lowest values were found among pocket B mutants, most of which interacted strongly with tapasin, but otherwise there was no correlation between thermostability and tapasin interaction. Mutants resulting in increased hydrophobicity frequently acquired their maximal thermostability faster than those with increased polarity, suggesting that this process is largely driven by the thermodynamics of peptide binding. Folding, export, and tendency to misfold were influenced by polymorphism all along the peptide-binding site and were not specifically dependent on any particular region or structural feature. Frequent uncoupling of thermostability, folding/misfolding, and export can be explained by the distinct effect of mutations on the acquisition of a folded conformation, the optimization rate of B27-peptide complexes, and their quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum, all of which largely depend on the ways in which mutations alter peptide binding, without excluding additional effects on interactions with tapasin or other proteins involved in folding and export. The similarity of the generally disease-associated B*2707 to nondisease-associated subtypes in all the features analyzed suggests that molecular properties other than antigen presentation may not currently explain the relationship between HLA-B27 polymorphism and ankylosing spondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Galocha
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Wan X, Yang C, Yang Q, Xue H, Tang NLS, Yu W. Detecting two-locus associations allowing for interactions in genome-wide association studies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 26:2517-25. [PMID: 20736343 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MOTIVATION Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) aim to identify genetic susceptibility to complex diseases by assaying and analyzing hundreds of thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Although traditional single-locus statistical tests have identified many genetic determinants of susceptibility, those findings cannot completely explain genetic contributions to complex diseases. Marchini and coauthors demonstrated the importance of testing two-locus associations allowing for interactions through a wide range of simulation studies. However, such a test is computationally demanding as we need to test hundreds of billions of SNP pairs in GWAS. Here, we provide a method to address this computational burden for dichotomous phenotypes. RESULTS We have applied our method on nine datasets from GWAS, including the aged-related macular degeneration (AMD) dataset, the Parkinson's disease dataset and seven datasets from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC). Our method has discovered many associations that were not identified before. The running time for the AMD dataset, the Parkinson's disease dataset and each of seven WTCCC datasets are 2.5, 82 and 90 h on a standard 3.0 GHz desktop with 4 G memory running Windows XP system. Our experiment results demonstrate that our method is feasible for the full-scale analyses of both single- and two-locus associations allowing for interactions in GWAS. AVAILABILITY http://bioinformatics.ust.hk/SNPAssociation.zip CONTACT nelsontang@cuhk.edu.hk; eeyu@ust.hk; SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wan
- Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
The two most frequent HLA-B27 subtypes worldwide are B*2704 and B*2705. In the Han population of China B*2704 and, to a lower extent, B*2705 are found with significant frequency, and both are associated to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Two articles in this issue report that the association to AS in this ethnic group is stronger for B*2704 than for B*2705. Thus, at least among the Han, B*2704 would be the strongest known susceptibility factor for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A López de Castro
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Haliloglu T, Gul A, Erman B. Predicting important residues and interaction pathways in proteins using Gaussian Network Model: binding and stability of HLA proteins. PLoS Comput Biol 2010; 6:e1000845. [PMID: 20628622 PMCID: PMC2900293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A statistical thermodynamics approach is proposed to determine structurally and functionally important residues in native proteins that are involved in energy exchange with a ligand and other residues along an interaction pathway. The structure-function relationships, ligand binding and allosteric activities of ten structures of HLA Class I proteins of the immune system are studied by the Gaussian Network Model. Five of these models are associated with inflammatory rheumatic disease and the remaining five are properly functioning. In the Gaussian Network Model, the protein structures are modeled as an elastic network where the inter-residue interactions are harmonic. Important residues and the interaction pathways in the proteins are identified by focusing on the largest eigenvalue of the residue interaction matrix. Predicted important residues match those known from previous experimental and clinical work. Graph perturbation is used to determine the response of the important residues along the interaction pathway. Differences in response patterns of the two sets of proteins are identified and their relations to disease are discussed. We propose a statistical thermodynamics model for determining structurally and functionally important residues in ligand-protein interactions. Our method identifies the path that the protein uses in transferring information from one point to the other. We show that a few energetically active residues are most efficient in energy exchange with the surroundings acting as ‘energy gates’. The remaining important residues that we identify are situated along the interaction path. These are the hub residues. Strong correlations exist between energy gates and hub residues along the interaction path, thus relating to allostery and cooperative binding. We studied the structure-function, ligand binding and allosteric activities of ten models of HLA Class I proteins of the immune system. Five of these models belong to the HLA-B*2705 allele and are strongly associated with a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease. The remaining five from the HLA-B*2709 allele of the same protein are the corresponding properly functioning ones. We show that differences in the contact maps of the two types lead to significant and consistent changes in the fluctuation profile, making the HLA-B*2705 alleles respond too strongly to perturbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turkan Haliloglu
- Polymer Research Center, Bogazici University, Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail: (TH); (BE)
| | - Ahmet Gul
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Burak Erman
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
- * E-mail: (TH); (BE)
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Fabian H, Huser H, Loll B, Ziegler A, Naumann D, Uchanska-Ziegler B. HLA-B27 heavy chains distinguished by a micropolymorphism exhibit differential flexibility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 62:978-87. [DOI: 10.1002/art.27316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
Almost four decades of research into the role of human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) in susceptibility to spondyloarthritis has yet to yield a convincing answer. New results from an HLA-B27 transgenic rat model now demonstrate quite convincingly that CD8(+) T cells are not required for the inflammatory phenotype. Discoveries that the HLA-B27 heavy chain has a tendency to misfold during the assembly of class I complexes in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and to form aberrant disulfide-linked dimers after transport to the cell surface have forced the generation of new ideas about its role in disease pathogenesis. In transgenic rats, HLA-B27 misfolding generates ER stress and leads to activation of the unfolded protein response, which dramatically enhances the production of interleukin-23 (IL-23) in response to pattern recognition receptor agonists. These findings have led to the discovery of striking T-helper 17 cell activation and expansion in this animal model, consistent with results emerging from humans with spondyloarthritis and the discovery of IL23R as an additional susceptibility gene for ankylosing spondylitis. Together, these results suggest a novel link between HLA-B27 and the T-helper 17 axis through the consequences of protein misfolding and open new avenues of investigation as well as identifying new targets for therapeutic intervention in this group of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Colbert
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Dhaenens M, Fert I, Glatigny S, Haerinck S, Poulain C, Donnadieu E, Hacquard-Bouder C, André C, Elewaut D, Deforce D, Breban M. Dendritic cells from spondylarthritis-prone HLA-B27-transgenic rats display altered cytoskeletal dynamics, class II major histocompatibility complex expression, and viability. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 60:2622-32. [PMID: 19714626 DOI: 10.1002/art.24780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spondylarthritis (SpA) is characterized by spinal and peripheral joint inflammation, frequently combined with extraarticular manifestations. Despite the well-established association of SpA with the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) allele HLA-B27, there are still different, parallel hypotheses on the relationship between HLA-B27 and disease mechanisms. The present study was undertaken to investigate several characteristics of mature dendritic cells (DCs), which are believed to be essential for triggering disease in a model of SpA in HLA-B27-transgenic rats. METHODS We combined different whole-proteome approaches (2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and iTRAQ) to define the most aberrant molecular processes occurring in spleen DCs. Videomicroscopy and flow cytometry were used to confirm both cytoskeletal and class II MHC expression deficiencies. RESULTS Our proteome studies provided evidence of up-regulation of proteins involved in class I MHC loading, and unfolded protein response, along with a striking down-regulation of several cytoskeleton-reorganizing proteins. The latter result was corroborated by findings of deficient motility, altered morphology, and decreased immunologic synapse formation. Furthermore, class II MHC surface expression was reduced in DCs from B27-transgenic rats, and this could be linked to differences in class II MHC-induced apoptotic sensitivity. Finally, we found reduced viability of the CD103+CD4- DC subpopulation, which likely exerts tolerogenic function. CONCLUSION Taken together, our findings have different important implications regarding the physiology of B27-transgenic rat DCs, which have a putative role in spontaneous disease in these rats. In particular, the reduced motility and viability of putatively tolerogenic CD4+ DCs could play an important role in initiating the inflammatory process, resulting in SpA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Dhaenens
- Laboratory for Phartmaceutical Biotechnology, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, Ghent, Belgium
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Melis L, Elewaut D. Progress in spondylarthritis. Immunopathogenesis of spondyloarthritis: which cells drive disease? Arthritis Res Ther 2009; 11:233. [PMID: 19591637 PMCID: PMC2714138 DOI: 10.1186/ar2722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spondyloarthritides, or SpA, form a cluster of chronic inflammatory diseases with the axial skeleton as the most typical disease localisation, although extra-articular manifestations such as intestinal inflammation may frequently occur during the course of the disease. This review summarises recent progress in our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of SpA with special emphasis on the cellular constituents considered to be responsible for the initiation and/or perpetuation of inflammation. There are several arguments favouring a role for haematopoietic cells in the pathophysiology of spondyloarthritis, including HLA-B27-associated dendritic cell disturbances, HLA-B27 misfolding properties and T helper 17 cells. In addition, recent studies have pointed toward a pivotal role for stromal cells. A major challenge, however, remains to determine how recently identified genetic associations such as interleukin-23 receptor polymorphisms may influence cellular targets in spondyloarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lode Melis
- Department of Rheumatology, Ghent University Hospital, 0K12IB, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Masters SL, Simon A, Aksentijevich I, Kastner DL. Horror autoinflammaticus: the molecular pathophysiology of autoinflammatory disease (*). Annu Rev Immunol 2009; 27:621-68. [PMID: 19302049 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 762] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The autoinflammatory diseases are characterized by seemingly unprovoked episodes of inflammation, without high-titer autoantibodies or antigen-specific T cells. The concept was proposed ten years ago with the identification of the genes underlying hereditary periodic fever syndromes. This nosology has taken root because of the dramatic advances in our knowledge of the genetic basis of both mendelian and complex autoinflammatory diseases, and with the recognition that these illnesses derive from genetic variants of the innate immune system. Herein we propose an updated classification scheme based on the molecular insights garnered over the past decade, supplanting a clinical classification that has served well but is opaque to the genetic, immunologic, and therapeutic interrelationships now before us. We define six categories of autoinflammatory disease: IL-1beta activation disorders (inflammasomopathies), NF-kappaB activation syndromes, protein misfolding disorders, complement regulatory diseases, disturbances in cytokine signaling, and macrophage activation syndromes. A system based on molecular pathophysiology will bring greater clarity to our discourse while catalyzing new hypotheses both at the bench and at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth L Masters
- The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Blanco-Gelaz MA, Suárez-Alvarez B, Díaz-Peña R, López-Larrea C. HLA-B27 polymorphism at position 116 critically influences the association with TAP/tapasin, intracellular trafficking and conformational homodimers formation. Mol Immunol 2009; 46:1304-11. [PMID: 19167761 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2008.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2008] [Accepted: 11/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
HLA-B27 confers susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis but AS disease mechanisms remain unknown. We determined here the effect of polymorphism and tapasin dependence on the expression, intracellular maturation and homodimer formation among HLA-B27 subtypes. We found that B*2709 with a histidine at position 116 was strongly associated with the transporter associated with antigen processing complex, correlated with lower, non-conformational expression on the cell surface, delayed maturation rate and minimal conformational and non-conformational homodimer formation. In contrast, B*2705 showed a low dependence for transporter associated with antigen processing, faster intracellular maturation and increased levels of homodimeric forms. The absence of tapasin significantly influenced the rate of intracellular maturation of B*2709, showing faster transport out of the endoplasmic reticulum, but similar to that of B*2705. All B27 subtypes examined were unable to express conformational homodimeric forms in the absence of tapasin. This study suggests that HLA-B27 polymorphism drives the tapasin dependency, rates of intracellular maturation and expressions of homodimers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Blanco-Gelaz
- Histocompatibility and Transplantation Unit. Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias. 33006 Oviedo, Spain
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Fert I, Glatigny S, Poulain C, Satumtira N, Dorris ML, Taurog JD, Breban M. Correlation between dendritic cell functional defect and spondylarthritis phenotypes in HLA-B27/HUMAN beta2-microglobulin-transgenic rat lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 58:3425-9. [PMID: 18975325 DOI: 10.1002/art.24023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the functional capacity of dendritic cells (DCs) from a panel of HLA-B27/human beta2-microglobulin (Hubeta2m)-transgenic rat lines and crosses with varying susceptibilities to spondylarthritis (SpA)-like disease. METHODS Mature splenic DCs were isolated from HLA-B27-transgenic, HLA-B7-transgenic, and/or Hubeta2m-transgenic rats and tested for support of allogeneic proliferation, compared with nontransgenic controls (all male rats on Lewis background). Graded numbers of DCs were cultured with allogeneic lymph node CD4+ T cells (dark agouti background). Proliferation was assayed by incorporation of tritiated deoxythymidine after 2-4 days of culture. RESULTS Allogeneic proliferation stimulated by DCs from the healthy HLA-B27/Hubeta2m-transgenic line 21-3 and from the healthy Hubeta2m-transgenic line 283-2 was weakly decreased (21-3) or close to normal (283-2) as compared with that observed with control nontransgenic Lewis rat DCs. In contrast, the ability of DCs from (21-3 x 283-2)F1 rats, which develop a dramatic SpA phenotype, to stimulate allogeneic proliferation was markedly defective. When DC-induced allogeneic proliferation was compared among different transgenic lines and crosses with distinct levels of susceptibility to SpA-like disease, stimulatory capacity was inversely correlated with disease susceptibility. CONCLUSION In HLA-B27/Hubeta2m-transgenic rats, a defective functional capacity of DCs correlates with susceptibility to SpA. Since it was previously demonstrated that defective DC function is not a consequence of disease, it could well be a principal factor in the spontaneous development of SpA in these lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Fert
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR8104, IFR 116, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
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Merino E, Galocha B, Vázquez MN, López De Castro JA. Disparate folding and stability of the ankylosing spondylitis-associated HLA-B*1403 and B*2705 proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:3693-704. [DOI: 10.1002/art.24045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Santos SG, Lynch S, Campbell EC, Antoniou AN, Powis SJ. Induction of HLA-B27 heavy chain homodimer formation after activation in dendritic cells. Arthritis Res Ther 2008; 10:R100. [PMID: 18759962 PMCID: PMC2575614 DOI: 10.1186/ar2492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2008] [Revised: 07/24/2008] [Accepted: 08/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a severe, chronic inflammatory arthritis, with a strong association to the human major histocompatibilty complex (MHC) class I allele human leucocyte antigen (HLA) B27. Disulfide-linked HLA-B27 heavy-chain homodimers have been implicated as novel structures involved in the aetiology of AS. We have studied the formation of HLA-B27 heavy-chain homodimers in human dendritic cells, which are key antigen-presenting cells and regulators of mammalian immune responses. METHOD Both an in vitro dendritic-like cell line and monocyte-derived dendritic cells from peripheral blood were studied. The KG-1 dendritic-like cell line was transfected with HLA-B27 cDNA constructs, and the cellular distribution, intracellular assembly and ability of HLA-B27 to form heavy-chain homodimers was compared with human monocyte-derived dendritic cells after stimulation with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). RESULTS Immature KG-1 cells expressing HLA-B27 display an intracellular source of MHC class I heavy-chain homodimers partially overlapping with the Golgi bodies, but not the endoplasmic reticulum, which is lost at cell maturation with phorbyl-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. Significantly, the formation of HLA-B27 homodimers in transfected KG-1 cells is induced by maturation, with a transient induction also seen in LPS-stimulated human monocyte-derived dendritic cells expressing HLA-B27. The weak association of wildtype HLA-B*2705 with the transporter associated with antigen processing could also be enhanced by mutation of residues at position 114 and 116 in the peptide-binding groove to those present in the HLA-B*2706 allele. CONCLUSION We have demonstrated that HLA-B27 heavy-chain homodimer formation can be induced by dendritic cell activation, implying that these novel structures may not be displayed to the immune system at all times. Our data suggests that the behaviour of HLA-B27 on dendritic cells may be important in the study of inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana G Santos
- Bute Medical School, Westburn Lane, University of St Andrews, Fife, UK
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Marcilla M, López de Castro JA. Peptides: the cornerstone of HLA-B27 biology and pathogenetic role in spondyloarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 71:495-506. [PMID: 18489433 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The association of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27 to ankylosing spondylitis is one of the strongest between a major histocompatibility complex molecule and a disease. Yet, the basis for this association remains unknown. Several hypotheses, each based on a particular feature of HLA-B27, guide much of the current research on the pathogenesis of this disease, but none has yet satisfactorily explained its mechanism and the differential association of B27 subtypes to it. In this review, the pathogenetic role of HLA-B27 will be analyzed from a global perspective of its biology, emphasizing the interdependency of multiple molecular features and the likely influence of disease-modifying gene products. From this perspective, peptide binding emerges as the cornerstone of all other biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Marcilla
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
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