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Zhao M, Qiu D, Miao X, Yang W, Li S, Cheng X, Tang J, Chen H, Ruan H, Liu Y, Wei C, Xiao J. Melatonin Delays Arthritis Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Matrix Degradation through the SIRT1-Mediated NF-κB/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6202. [PMID: 38892389 PMCID: PMC11172638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage, a flexible and smooth connective tissue that envelops the surfaces of synovial joints, relies on chondrocytes for extracellular matrix (ECM) production and the maintenance of its structural and functional integrity. Melatonin (MT), renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, holds the potential to modulate cartilage regeneration and degradation. Therefore, the present study was devoted to elucidating the mechanism of MT on chondrocytes. The in vivo experiment consisted of three groups: Sham (only the skin tissue was incised), Model (using the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) method), and MT (30 mg/kg), with sample extraction following 12 weeks of administration. Pathological alterations in articular cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone were evaluated using Safranin O-fast green staining. Immunohistochemistry (ICH) analysis was employed to assess the expression of matrix degradation-related markers. The levels of serum cytokines were quantified via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays. In in vitro experiments, primary chondrocytes were divided into Control, Model, MT, negative control, and inhibitor groups. Western blotting (WB) and Quantitative RT-PCR (q-PCR) were used to detect Silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-related indicators. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis was employed to examine the status of type II collagen (COL2A1), SIRT1, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-p65), and phosphorylated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (p-Smad2). In vivo results revealed that the MT group exhibited a relatively smooth cartilage surface, modest chondrocyte loss, mild synovial hyperplasia, and increased subchondral bone thickness. ICH results showed that MT downregulated the expression of components related to matrix degradation. ELISA results showed that MT reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels. In vitro experiments confirmed that MT upregulated the expression of SIRT1/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs while inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and matrix degradation-related components. The introduction of the SIRT1 inhibitor Selisistat (EX527) reversed the effects of MT. Together, these findings suggest that MT has the potential to ameliorate inflammation, inhibit the release of matrix-degrading enzymes, and improve the cartilage condition. This study provides a new theoretical basis for understanding the role of MT in decelerating cartilage degradation and promoting chondrocyte repair in in vivo and in vitro cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianhua Xiao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Z.); (D.Q.); (X.M.); (W.Y.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (H.R.); (Y.L.); (C.W.)
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2
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Qin H, Liu X, Ding Q, Liu H, Ma C, Wei Y, Lv Y, Wang S, Ren Y. Astaxanthin reduces inflammation and promotes a chondrogenic phenotype by upregulating SIRT1 in osteoarthritis. Knee 2024; 48:83-93. [PMID: 38555717 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of astaxanthin (AST) on mouse osteoarthritis (OA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ATDC5 cell damage and to explore whether SIRT1 protein plays a role. METHODS In this study, some mouse OA models were constructed by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Imaging, molecular biology and histopathology methods were used to study the effect of AST administration on traumatic OA in mice. In addition, LPS was used to stimulate ATDC5 cells to mimic the inflammatory response of OA. The effects of AST on the cell activity, inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases and collagen type II levels were studied by CCK8 activity assay, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and protein imprinting. The role of SIRT1 protein was also detected. RESULTS In the mouse OA model, the articular surface collapsed, the articular cartilage thickness and cartilage matrix protein abundance were significantly decreased, while the expression of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases was increased; but AST treatment reversed these effects. Meanwhile, AST pretreatment could partially reverse LPS-induced ATDC5 cell damage and upregulate SIRT1 expression, but this protective effect of AST was attenuated by concurrent administration of the SIRT1 inhibitor Ex527. CONCLUSION AST can protect against the early stages of OA by affecting SIRT1 signalling, suggesting that AST might be a potential therapeutic agent for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qirui Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - You Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouguo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huai'an First People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Cheng Z, Liu Z, Liu C, Yang A, Miao H, Bai X. Esculin suppresses the PERK-eIF2α-CHOP pathway by enhancing SIRT1 expression in oxidative stress-induced rat chondrocytes, mitigating osteoarthritis progression in a rat model. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:112061. [PMID: 38608474 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by the gradual degeneration of chondrocytes, involving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Esculin is a natural compound with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. However, its impact on ER stress in OA therapy has not been thoroughly investigated. We aim to determine the efficiency of Esculin in OA treatment and its underlying mechanism. METHODS We utilized the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) to establish OA model in chondrocytes. The expression of SIRT1, PERK/eIF2α pathway-related proteins, apoptosis-associated proteins and ER stress-related proteins were detected by Western blot and Real-time PCR. The apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. X-ray imaging, Hematoxylin & Eosin staining, Safranin O staining and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the pharmacological effects of Esculin in the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat OA model. RESULTS Esculin downregulated the expression of PERK/eIF2α pathway-related proteins, apoptosis-associated proteins and ER stress-related proteins, while upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and Bcl2 in the TBHP-induced OA model in vitro. It was coincident with the results of TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. We further confirmed the protective effect of Esculin in the rat ACLT-related model. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the potential therapeutic value of Esculin on osteoarthritis. It probably inhibits the PERK-eIF2α-ATF4-CHOP pathway by upregulating SIRT1, thereby mitigating endoplasmic reticulum stress and protecting chondrocytes from apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Cheng
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zheyuan Liu
- China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Liaoning Jinqiu Hospital, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aoxiang Yang
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Haichuan Miao
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xizhuang Bai
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China; Department of Arthrology, Liaoning Provincial People's Hospital, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, China.
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Fedorczak A, Lewiński A, Stawerska R. Involvement of Sirtuin 1 in the Growth Hormone/Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Signal Transduction and Its Impact on Growth Processes in Children. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15406. [PMID: 37895086 PMCID: PMC10607608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The regulation of growth processes in children depends on the synthesis of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). Insulin-like growth factor 1, which is mainly secreted in the liver in response to GH, is the main peripheral mediator of GH action. Newly discovered factors regulating GH secretion and its effects are being studied recently. One of them is sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). This NAD+-dependent deacetylase, by modulating the JAK2/STAT pathway, is involved in the transduction of the GH signal in hepatocytes, leading to the synthesis of IGF-1. In addition, it participates in the regulation of the synthesis of GHRH in the hypothalamus and GH in the somatotropic cells. SIRT1 is suggested to be involved in growth plate chondrogenesis and longitudinal bone growth as it has a positive effect on the epiphyseal growth plate. SIRT1 is also implicated in various cellular processes, including metabolism, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, oxidative stress response, and DNA repair. Thus, its expression varies depending on the different metabolic states. During malnutrition, SIRT1 blocks GH signal transduction in hepatocytes to reduce the IGF-1 secretion and prevent hypoglycemia (i.e., it causes transient GH resistance). In this review, we focused on the influence of SIRT1 on GH signal transduction and the implications that may arise for growth processes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fedorczak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Lewiński
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Stawerska
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital-Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
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Paesa M, Alejo T, Garcia-Alvarez F, Arruebo M, Mendoza G. New insights in osteoarthritis diagnosis and treatment: Nano-strategies for an improved disease management. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 15:e1844. [PMID: 35965293 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic joint pathology that has become a predominant cause of disability worldwide. Even though the origin and evolution of OA rely on different factors that are not yet elucidated nor understood, the development of novel strategies to treat OA has emerged in the last years. Cartilage degradation is the main hallmark of the pathology though alterations in bone and synovial inflammation, among other comorbidities, are also involved during OA progression. From a molecular point of view, a vast amount of signaling pathways are implicated in the progression of the disease, opening up a wide plethora of targets to attenuate or even halt OA. The main purpose of this review is to shed light on the recent strategies published based on nanotechnology for the early diagnosis of the disease as well as the most promising nano-enabling therapeutic approaches validated in preclinical models. To address the clinical issue, the key pathways involved in OA initiation and progression are described as the main potential targets for OA prevention and early treatment. Furthermore, an overview of current therapeutic strategies is depicted. Finally, to solve the drawbacks of current treatments, nanobiomedicine has shown demonstrated benefits when using drug delivery systems compared with the administration of the equivalent doses of the free drugs and the potential of disease-modifying OA drugs when using nanosystems. We anticipate that the development of smart and specific bioresponsive and biocompatible nanosystems will provide a solid and promising basis for effective OA early diagnosis and treatment. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Paesa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Teresa Alejo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Zaragoza, Spain
- Health Research Institute Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Felicito Garcia-Alvarez
- Health Research Institute Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa, Department of Orthopedic Surgery & Traumatology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Manuel Arruebo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aragon Institute of Nanoscience (INA), University of Zaragoza, Aragón Materials Science Institute, ICMA, Zaragoza, Spain
- Health Research Institute Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gracia Mendoza
- Health Research Institute Aragon (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
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Chen J, Zhang J, Li J, Qin R, Lu N, Goltzman D, Miao D, Yang R. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Deficiency Accelerates Aging-related Osteoarthritis via Downregulation of Sirt1 in Mice. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:610-624. [PMID: 36632467 PMCID: PMC9830508 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.78785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging observational data suggest that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the onset and progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the relationship between vitamin D level and OA and the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of knee OA are controversial. To address these issues, we analyzed the articular cartilage phenotype of 6- and 12-month-old wild-type and 1α(OH)ase-/- mice and found that 1,25(OH)2D deficiency accelerated the development of age-related spontaneous knee OA, including cartilage surface destruction, cartilage erosion, proteoglycan loss and cytopenia, increased OARSI score, collagen X and Mmp13 positive chondrocytes, and increased chondrocyte senescence with senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). 1,25(OH)2D3 supplementation rescued all knee OA phenotypes of 1α(OH)ase-/- mice in vivo, and 1,25(OH)2D3 rescued IL-1β-induced chondrocyte OA phenotypes in vitro, including decreased chondrocyte proliferation and cartilage matrix protein synthesis, and increased oxidative stress and cell senescence. We also demonstrated that VDR was expressed in mouse articular chondrocytes, and that VDR knockout mice exhibited knee OA phenotypes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the down-regulation of Sirt1 in articular chondrocytes of 1α(OH)ase-/- mice was corrected by supplementing 1,25(OH)2D3 or overexpression of Sirt1 in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and 1,25(OH)2D3 up-regulated Sirt1 through VDR mediated transcription. Finally, we demonstrated that overexpression of Sirt1 in MSCs rescued knee OA phenotypes in 1α(OH)ase-/- mice. Thus, we conclude that 1,25(OH)2D3, via VDR-mediated gene transcription, plays a key role in preventing the onset of aging-related knee OA in mouse models by up-regulating Sirt1, an aging-related gene that promotes articular chondrocyte proliferation and extracellular matrix protein synthesis, and inhibits senescence and SASP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Li
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Qin
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Lu
- The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - David Goltzman
- Calcium Research Laboratory, McGill University Health Centre and Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Dengshun Miao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Renlei Yang, Ph.D., Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, The People's Republic of China. Tel & FAX: 011-86-25-8686-9377; E-mail: ; Dengshun Miao, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, The People's Republic of China. Tel & FAX: 011-86-25-8686-9377; E-mail:
| | - Renlei Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Renlei Yang, Ph.D., Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, The People's Republic of China. Tel & FAX: 011-86-25-8686-9377; E-mail: ; Dengshun Miao, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Friendship Plastic Surgery Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, The People's Republic of China. Tel & FAX: 011-86-25-8686-9377; E-mail:
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7
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Heywood HK, Thorpe SD, Jeropoulos RM, Caton PW, Lee DA. Modulation of sirtuins during monolayer chondrocyte culture influences cartilage regeneration upon transfer to a 3D culture environment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:971932. [PMID: 36561039 PMCID: PMC9763269 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.971932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the role of sirtuins in the regenerative potential of articular chondrocytes. Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) play a key role in regulating cartilage homeostasis. By inhibiting pro-inflammatory pathways responsible for cartilage degradation and promoting the expression of key matrix components, sirtuins have the potential to drive a favourable balance between anabolic and catabolic processes critical to regenerative medicine. When subjected to osmolarity and glucose concentrations representative of the in vivo niche, freshly isolated bovine chondrocytes exhibited increases in SIRT1 but not SIRT3 gene expression. Replicating methods adopted for the in vitro monolayer expansion of chondrocytes for cartilage regenerative therapies, we found that SIRT1 gene expression declined during expansion. Manipulation of sirtuin activity during in vitro expansion by supplementation with the SIRT1-specific activator SRT1720, nicotinamide mononucleotide, or the pan-sirtuin inhibitor nicotinamide, significantly influenced cartilage regeneration in subsequent 3D culture. Tissue mass, cellularity and extracellular matrix content were reduced in response to sirtuin inhibition during expansion, whilst sirtuin activation enhanced these measures of cartilage tissue regeneration. Modulation of sirtuin activity during monolayer expansion influenced H3K27me3, a heterochromatin mark with an important role in development and differentiation. Unexpectedly, treatment of primary chondrocytes with sirtuin activators in 3D culture reduced their matrix synthesis. Thus, modulating sirtuin activity during the in vitro monolayer expansion phase may represent a distinct opportunity to enhance the outcome of cartilage regenerative medicine techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah K. Heywood
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen D. Thorpe
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom,UCD School of Medicine, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Renos M. Jeropoulos
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul W. Caton
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David A. Lee
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: David A. Lee,
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Zhang C, Lin Y, Yan CH, Zhang W. Adipokine Signaling Pathways in Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:865370. [PMID: 35519618 PMCID: PMC9062110 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.865370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating joint disease that affects millions of individuals. The pathogenesis of OA has not been fully elucidated. Obesity is a well-recognized risk factor for OA. Multiple studies have demonstrated adipokines play a key role in obesity-induced OA. Increasing evidence show that various adipokines may significantly affect the development or clinical course of OA by regulating the pro/anti-inflammatory and anabolic/catabolic balance, matrix remodeling, chondrocyte apoptosis and autophagy, and subchondral bone sclerosis. Several signaling pathways are involved but still have not been systematically investigated. In this article, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adipokines in OA, and highlight the possible signaling pathways. The review suggested adipokines play important roles in obesity-induced OA, and exert downstream function via the activation of various signaling pathways. In addition, some pharmaceuticals targeting these pathways have been applied into ongoing clinical trials and showed encouraging results. However, these signaling pathways are complex and converge into a common network with each other. In the future work, more research is warranted to further investigate how this network works. Moreover, more high quality randomised controlled trials are needed in order to investigate the therapeutic effects of pharmaceuticals against these pathways for the treatment of OA. This review may help researchers to better understand the pathogenesis of OA, so as to provide new insight for future clinical practices and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunzhi Lin
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chun Hoi Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wenming Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Henrotin Y. Osteoarthritis in year 2021: biochemical markers. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:237-248. [PMID: 34798278 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize recent scientific advances in protein-derived soluble biomarkers of osteoarthritis. DESIGN A systematic search on the PubMed electronic database of clinical studies on protein-derived soluble biochemical markers of osteoarthritis in humans that were published between January 1st 2020 and March 31th 2021. The studies were selected on the basis of objective criteria and summarized in a table. Then they were described in a narrative review. RESULTS Out of 1971 publications, 48 fulfilled all selection criteria and 16 were selected by the author for the narrative review. The papers were classified according their clinical significance as defined in the BIPEDS classification. Two papers investigated the "burden of disease", two were dedicated to "investigative biomarkers", four papers question the "prognosis", three the "efficacy of treatment" and five the "diagnosis and phenotyping" value of protein-derived biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Currently, biomarkers research is focused on their use as tools to identify molecular endotypes and clinical phenotypes and to facilitate patient screening and monitoring in clinical trials. This approach should allow a more targeted management of patients suffering from osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Henrotin
- musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Institute of Pathology, Level 5, CHU Sart-Tilman, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), Department of Motricity Sciences, University of Liège, Belgium; Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Princess Paola Hospital, Vivalia, Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium.
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10
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Yamamoto T, Miyaji N, Kataoka K, Nishida K, Nagai K, Kanzaki N, Hoshino Y, Kuroda R, Matsushita T. Knee Osteoarthritis Progression Is Delayed in Silent Information Regulator 2 Ortholog 1 Knock-in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910685. [PMID: 34639026 PMCID: PMC8508837 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of silent information regulator 2 ortholog 1 (SIRT1) is associated with beneficial roles in aging-related diseases; however, the effects of SIRT1 overexpression on osteoarthritis (OA) progression have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate OA progression in SIRT1-KI mice using a mouse OA model. OA was induced via destabilization of the medial meniscus using 12-week-old SIRT1-KI and wild type (control) mice. OA progression was evaluated histologically based on the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score at 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks after surgery. The production of SIRT1, type II collagen, MMP-13, ADAMTS-5, cleaved caspase 3, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) p85, acetylated NF-κB p65, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 was examined via immunostaining. The OARSI scores were significantly lower in SIRT1-KI mice than those in control mice at 8, 12, and 16 weeks after surgery. The proportion of SIRT1 and type II collagen-positive-chondrocytes was significantly higher in SIRT1-KI mice than that in control mice. Moreover, the proportion of MMP-13-, ADAMTS-5-, cleaved caspase 3-, PARP p85-, acetylated NF-κB p65-, IL-1β-, and IL-6-positive chondrocytes was significantly lower in SIRT1-KI mice than that in control mice. The mechanically induced OA progression was delayed in SIRT1-KI mice compared to that in control mice. Therefore, overexpression of SIRT1 may represent a mechanism for delaying OA progression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers
- Cartilage, Articular/metabolism
- Cartilage, Articular/pathology
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Disease Susceptibility
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Inflammation Mediators
- Menisci, Tibial/metabolism
- Menisci, Tibial/pathology
- Menisci, Tibial/surgery
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/etiology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/metabolism
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/pathology
- Osteoarthritis, Knee/therapy
- Sirtuin 1/genetics
- Sirtuin 1/metabolism
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11
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Lu KH, Lu PWA, Lu EWH, Tang CH, Su SC, Lin CW, Yang SF. The potential remedy of melatonin on osteoarthritis. J Pineal Res 2021; 71:e12762. [PMID: 34435392 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), the most common arthritis worldwide, is a degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage breakdown, subchondral remodeling, and synovial inflammation. Although conventional pharmaceutical therapies aimed to prevent further cartilage loss and joint dysfunction, there are no ideal strategies that target the pathogenesis of OA. Melatonin exhibits a variety of regulatory properties by binding to specific receptors and downstream molecules and exerts a myriad of receptor-independent actions via intracellular targets as a chondrocyte protector, an anti-inflammation modulator, and a free radical scavenger. Melatonin also modulates cartilage regeneration and degradation by directly/indirectly regulating the expression of main circadian clock genes, such as transcriptional activators [brain and muscle aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator-like protein (Bmal) and circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (Clock)], transcriptional repressors [period circadian regulator (Per)1/2, cryptochrome (Cry)1/2, and Dec2], and nuclear hormone receptors [Rev-Erbs and retinoid acid-related orphan receptors (Rors)]. Owing to its effects on cartilage homeostasis, we propose a potential role for melatonin in the prevention and therapy of OA via the modulation of circadian clock genes, mitigation of chondrocyte apoptosis, anti-inflammatory activity, and scavenging of free radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Hsiu Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chih-Hsin Tang
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chi Su
- Whole-Genome Research Core Laboratory of Human Diseases, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Linkou and Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Wen Lin
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital 402, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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12
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Zheng M, Tan J, Liu X, Jin F, Lai R, Wang X. miR-146a-5p targets Sirt1 to regulate bone mass. Bone Rep 2021; 14:101013. [PMID: 33855130 PMCID: PMC8024884 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proven to serve as key post-transcriptional regulators, affecting diverse biological processes including osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. Recently, it has been reported that miR-146a-5p affects the activity of both osteoblasts and osteoclasts. However, the target genes of miR-146a-5p in these procedures remain unknown. Here we identify miR-146a-5p as a critical suppressor of osteoblastogenesis and bone formation. We found that miR-146a-5p knockout mice exhibit elevated bone formation and enhanced bone mass in vivo. Consistently, we also found that miR-146a-5p inhibited the osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in vitro. Importantly, we further demonstrated that miR-146a-5p directly targeted Sirt1 to inhibit osteoblast activity. Additionally, we showed that the expression of miR-146a-5p gradually increased in femurs with age not only in female mice but also in female patients, and miR-146a-5p deletion protected female mice from age-induced bone loss. These data suggested that miR-146a-5p has a crucial role in suppressing the bone formation and that inhibition of miR-146a-5p may be a strategy for ameliorating osteoporosis. MiR-146a-5p inhibits osteoblast activity by targeting Sirt1. MiR-146a-5p deletion ameliorates age-induced bone loss in mice. MiR-146a-5p expression was increased in bone specimens from older females. MiR-146a-5p was a potential target for osteoporosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Zheng
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Junlong Tan
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xiangning Liu
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Fujun Jin
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Renfa Lai
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Xiaogang Wang
- Clinical Research Platform for Interdiscipline of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University & Department of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangdong 510632, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100000, China
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13
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Grandi FC, Bhutani N. Epigenetic Therapies for Osteoarthritis. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2020; 41:557-569. [PMID: 32586653 PMCID: PMC10621997 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-associated disease characterized by chronic joint pain resulting from degradation of articular cartilage, inflammation of the synovial lining, and changes to the subchondral bone. Despite the wide prevalence, no FDA-approved disease-modifying drugs exist. Recent evidence has demonstrated that epigenetic dysregulation of multiple molecular pathways underlies OA pathogenesis, providing a new mechanistic and therapeutic axis with the advantage of targeting multiple deregulated pathways simultaneously. In this review, we focus on the epigenetic regulators that have been implicated in OA, their individual roles, and potential crosstalk. Finally, we discuss the pharmacological molecules that can modulate their activities and discuss the potential advantages and challenges associated with epigenome-based therapeutics for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nidhi Bhutani
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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14
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Polyphenols as Potential Agents in the Management of Temporomandibular Disorders. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10155305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) consist of multifactorial musculoskeletal disorders associated with the muscles of mastication, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), and annexed structures. This clinical condition is characterized by temporomandibular pain, restricted mandibular movement, and TMJ synovial inflammation, resulting in reduced quality of life of affected people. Commonly, TMD management aims to reduce pain and inflammation by using pharmacologic therapies that show efficacy in pain relief but their long-term use is frequently associated with adverse effects. For this reason, the use of natural compounds as an effective alternative to conventional drugs appears extremely interesting. Indeed, polyphenols could represent a potential therapeutic strategy, related to their ability to modulate the inflammatory responses involved in TMD. The present work reviews the mechanisms underlying inflammation-related TMD, highlighting the potential role of polyphenols as a promising approach to develop innovative management of temporomandibular diseases.
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15
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Rice SJ, Beier F, Young DA, Loughlin J. Interplay between genetics and epigenetics in osteoarthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 16:268-281. [PMID: 32273577 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-020-0407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Research into the molecular genetics of osteoarthritis (OA) has been substantially bolstered in the past few years by the implementation of powerful genome-wide scans that have revealed a large number of novel risk loci associated with the disease. This refreshing wave of discovery has occurred concurrently with epigenetic studies of joint tissues that have examined DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulatory RNAs. These epigenetic analyses have involved investigations of joint development, homeostasis and disease and have used both human samples and animal models. What has become apparent from a comparison of these two complementary approaches is that many OA genetic risk signals interact with, map to or correlate with epigenetic mediators. This discovery implies that epigenetic mechanisms, and their effect on gene expression, are a major conduit through which OA genetic risk polymorphisms exert their functional effects. This observation is particularly exciting as it provides mechanistic insight into OA susceptibility. Furthermore, this knowledge reveals avenues for attenuating the negative effect of risk-conferring alleles by exposing the epigenome as an exploitable target for therapeutic intervention in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Rice
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Frank Beier
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.,Western Bone and Joint Institute, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - David A Young
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John Loughlin
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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16
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Zhao X, Huang P, Li G, Feng Y, Zhendong L, Zhou C, Hu G, Xu Q. Overexpression of Pitx1 attenuates the senescence of chondrocytes from osteoarthritis degeneration cartilage-A self-controlled model for studying the etiology and treatment of osteoarthritis. Bone 2020; 131:115177. [PMID: 31783149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To explore the role of low expression of Pitx1 in degenerative cartilage tissue. A cartilage injury model was established by using the cartilage scratch method. The newly generated tissue by BrdU labeled in injured cartilage region expressed SOX-9 and Col2A1 in 5-week-old rats. Compared with that, the number of BrdU-positive cells was lower in 4-month-old cartilage injury model rats. Compared with that in lateral cartilage, the expression of Pitx1 was lower in medial cartilage. Compared with chondrocytes derived from the lateral cartilage, chondrocytes derived from the medial cartilage exhibited significantly increased cell aging, as determined by SA-β-GAL staining; downregulated Pitx1 expression; reduced autophagy levels; and decreased Col2A1 expression in a chondrogenic differentiation assay. Inhibition of Pitx1 expression in chondrocytes from the lateral cartilage significantly increased the ratio of cell senescence. Overexpression of Pitx1 in chondrocytes derived from the medial cartilage decreased the cell senescence ratio. In a luciferase assay, Pitx1 was found to promote Sirt1 gene transcription. Decreased Pitx1 expression is an essential cause of cartilage degeneration in the medial tibial plateau. The described self-controlled model is an excellent way to study OA etiology and screen therapeutic drugs for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Zhendong
- Department of Spine Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyu Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingrong Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai 200127, China; Department of Orthopaedics, South Campus, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2000, Jiangyue Road, Shanghai 201112, China.
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17
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Keshavarz G, Jalili C, Pazhouhi M, Khazaei M. Resveratrol Effect on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiation to Chondrocyte in Three-Dimensional Culture. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 10:88-96. [PMID: 32002366 PMCID: PMC6983992 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2020.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are pluripotent cells with the ability of self-renewal and differentiation into different types of mesenchymal cells. As cartilage repair is difficult due to lack of blood capillary, resveratrol (Res) is a polyphenolic compound with diverse biological properties to be possibly used in this case. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Res on differentiation of ASCs into chondrocyte in a three-dimensional (3D) culture model.
Methods: Subcutaneous adipose tissues were prepared and digested enzymatically, and passed through cell strainer. ASCs were harvested in the fourth passage, and divided into five groups. The control group received chondrogenic differentiation medium (CDM) while the experimental groups received CDM plus different doses of Res (1, 10, 20, and 50 µM) for 21 days. Expression of cartilage specific genes and Sirtuin1 (SIRT 1), cell viability, apoptosis and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), MTT assay, TUNEL and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) staining. One-way ANOVA and non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test were used for data analyses.
Results: ASCs were differentiated to chondrocyte by CDM in a three-dimensional culture. 10 and 20 µM doses of Res showed the most proliferating effect on ADSCs. The SIRT 1 genes expression and FRAP level also increased significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, OD of cell increased whereas apoptosis decreased.
Conclusion: 3D culture was a suitable condition for ASCs differentiation to chondrocyte, and lower doses of Res exert proliferation effect on ASCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Keshavarz
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mona Pazhouhi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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18
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Jin X, Kang X, Zhao L, Xu M, Xie T, Li H, Li F, Qian Z, Ma Z, Zhang Y, Yang W, Zhang Z, Gao X, Chen Q, Sun H, Wu S. Cartilage Ablation of Sirt1 Causes Inhibition of Growth Plate Chondrogenesis by Hyperactivation of mTORC1 Signaling. Endocrinology 2019; 160:3001-3017. [PMID: 31599935 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence implies a pivotal role of sirtuin-1 (Sirt1) in chondrocyte function and homeostasis; however, its underlying mechanisms mediating chondrogenesis, which is an essential process for physiological skeletal growth, are still poorly understood. In the current study, we generated TamCartSirt1-/- [Sirt1 conditional knockout (cKO)] mice to explore the role of Sirt1 during postnatal endochondral ossification. Compared with control mice, cKO mice exhibited growth retardation associated with inhibited chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, as well as activated apoptosis. These effects were regulated by hyperactivation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, and thereby inhibition of autophagy and induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress in growth plate chondrocytes. IP injection of the mTORC1 inhibitor rapamycin to mice with Sirt1 deletion partially neutralized such inhibitory effects of Sirt1 ablation on longitudinal bone growth, indicating the causative link between SIRT1 and mTORC1 signaling in the growth plate. Mechanistically, SIRT1 interacted with tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), a key upstream negative regulator of mTORC1 signaling, and loss of Sirt1 inhibited TSC2 expression, resulting in hyperactivated mTORC1 signaling in chondrocytes. In conclusion, our findings suggest that loss of Sirt1 may trigger mTORC1 signaling in growth plate chondrocytes and contributes to growth retardation, thus indicating that SIRT1 is an important regulator during chondrogenesis and providing new insights into the clinical potential of SIRT1 in bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liting Zhao
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao Xu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianping Xie
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Qian
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengmin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island
- Bone and Joint Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongzhi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shufang Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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19
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Feng K, Ge Y, Chen Z, Li X, Liu Z, Li X, Li H, Tang T, Yang F, Wang X. Curcumin Inhibits the PERK-eIF2 α-CHOP Pathway through Promoting SIRT1 Expression in Oxidative Stress-induced Rat Chondrocytes and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Progression in a Rat Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8574386. [PMID: 31223428 PMCID: PMC6541984 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8574386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis (OA) through the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity among various diseases. To elucidate the role of curcumin in oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, this study investigated the effect of curcumin on ER stress-related apoptosis and its potential mechanism in oxidative stress-induced rat chondrocytes. The results of flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining showed that curcumin can significantly attenuate ER stress-associated apoptosis. Curcumin inhibited the expression of cleaved caspase3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78) and upregulated the chondroprotective protein Bcl2 in TBHP-treated chondrocytes. In addition, curcumin promoted the expression of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) and suppressed the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), the ratio of p-PERK/PERK, p-eIF2α/eIF2α. Our anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat OA model research demonstrated that curcumin (50 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg) ameliorated the degeneration of articular cartilage and inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis in ACLT rats in a dose-dependent manner. By applying immunohistochemical analysis, we found that curcumin enhanced the expression of SIRT1 and inhibited the expression of CHOP and cleaved caspase3 in ACLT rats. Taken together, our present findings firstly indicate that curcumin could inhibit the PERK-eIF2α-CHOP axis of the ER stress response through the activation of SIRT1 in tert-Butyl hydroperoxide- (TBHP-) treated rat chondrocytes and ameliorated osteoarthritis development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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20
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The role of sirtuin 1 and its activator, resveratrol in osteoarthritis. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190189. [PMID: 30996115 PMCID: PMC6509056 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthitis (OA) is the most common aging-related joint pathology; the aging process results in changes to joint tissues that ultimately contribute to the development of OA. Articular chondrocytes exhibit an aging-related decline in their proliferative and synthetic capacity. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1), a longevity gene related to many diseases associated with aging, is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase and master metabolic regulator. Along with its natural activator resveratrol, SIRT 1 actively participates in the OA pathological progress. SIRT 1 expression in osteoarthritic cartilage decreases in the disease progression of OA; it appears to play a predominantly regulatory role in OA. SIRT 1 can regulate the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related proteins; promote mesenchymal stem cell differentiation; play anti-catabolic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis roles; participate in the autophagic process; and regulate bone homeostasis in OA. Resveratrol can activate SIRT 1 in order to inhibit OA disease progression. In the future, activating SIRT 1 via resveratrol with improved bioavailability may be an appropriate therapeutic approach for OA.
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21
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Asad Z, Sachidanandan C. Chemical screens in a zebrafish model of CHARGE syndrome identifies small molecules that ameliorate disease-like phenotypes in embryo. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 63:103661. [PMID: 31051269 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CHARGE syndrome is an autosomal dominant congenital disorder caused primarily by mutations in the CHD7 gene. Using a small molecule screen in a zebrafish model of CHARGE syndrome, we identified 4 compounds that rescue embryos from disease-like phenotypes. Our screen yielded DAPT, a Notch signaling inhibitor that could ameliorate the craniofacial, cranial neuronal and myelination defects in chd7 morphant zebrafish embryos. We discovered that Procainamide, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase 1, was able to recover the pattern of expression of isl2a, a cranial neuronal marker while also reducing the effect on craniofacial cartilage and myelination. M344, an inhibitor of Histone deacetylases had a strong recovery effect on craniofacial cartilage defects and could also modestly revert the myelination defects in zebrafish embryos. CHIC-35, a SIRT1 inhibitor partially restored the expression of isl2a in cranial neurons while causing a partial reversion of myelination and craniofacial cartilage defects. Our results suggest that a modular approach to phenotypic rescue in multi-organ syndromes might be a more successful approach to treat these disorders. Our findings also open up the possibility of using these compounds for other disorders with shared phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Asad
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Chetana Sachidanandan
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), New Delhi, 110025, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India.
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Berenbaum F, Griffin TM, Liu-Bryan R. Review: Metabolic Regulation of Inflammation in Osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 69:9-21. [PMID: 27564539 DOI: 10.1002/art.39842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Berenbaum
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, INSERM, AP-HP Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, DHU i2B, Paris, France
| | - Timothy M Griffin
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation and University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Ru Liu-Bryan
- VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Diego
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Abstract
The increase in global lifespan has in turn increased the prevalence of osteoarthritis which is now the most common type of arthritis. Cartilage tissue located on articular joints erodes during osteoarthritis which causes pain and may lead to a crippling loss of function in patients. The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis has been understudied and currently no disease modifying treatments exist. The only current end-point treatment remains joint replacement surgery. The primary risk factor for osteoarthritis is age. Clinical and basic research is now focused on understanding the ageing process of cartilage and its role in osteoarthritis. This chapter will outline the physiology of cartilage tissue, the clinical presentation and treatment options for the disease and the cellular ageing processes which are involved in the pathophysiology of the disease.
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24
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Regulation of energy metabolism in the growth plate and osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Rheumatol Int 2018; 38:1963-1974. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-018-4103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Nishida K, Matsushita T, Takayama K, Tanaka T, Miyaji N, Ibaraki K, Araki D, Kanzaki N, Matsumoto T, Kuroda R. Intraperitoneal injection of the SIRT1 activator SRT1720 attenuates the progression of experimental osteoarthritis in mice. Bone Joint Res 2018; 7:252-262. [PMID: 29922443 PMCID: PMC5987681 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.bjr-2017-0227.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to examine the effects of SRT1720, a potent SIRT1 activator, on osteoarthritis (OA) progression using an experimental OA model. Methods Osteoarthritis was surgically induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus in eight-week-old C57BL/6 male mice. SRT1720 was administered intraperitoneally twice a week after surgery. Osteoarthritis progression was evaluated histologically using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score at four, eight, 12 and 16 weeks. The expression of SIRT1, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5 (ADAMTS-5), cleaved caspase-3, PARP p85, and acetylated nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 in cartilage was examined by immunohistochemistry. Synovitis was also evaluated histologically. Primary mouse epiphyseal chondrocytes were treated with SRT1720 in the presence or absence of interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and gene expression changes were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results The OARSI score was significantly lower in mice treated with SRT1720 than in control mice at eight and 12 weeks associated with the decreased size of osteophytes at four and eight weeks. The delayed OA progression in the mice treated with SRT1720 was also associated with increased SIRT1-positive chondrocytes and decreased MMP-13-, ADAMTS-5-, cleaved caspase-3-, PARP p85-, and acetylated NF-κB p65-positive chondrocytes and decreased synovitis at four and eight weeks. SRT1720 treatment partially rescued the decreases in collagen type II alpha 1 (COL2A1) and aggrecan caused by IL-1β, while also reducing the induction of MMP-13 by IL-1β in vitro. Conclusion The intraperitoneal injection of SRT1720 attenuated experimental OA progression in mice, indicating that SRT1720 could be a new therapeutic approach for OA.Cite this article: K. Nishida, T. Matsushita, K. Takayama, T. Tanaka, N. Miyaji, K. Ibaraki, D. Araki, N. Kanzaki, T. Matsumoto, R. Kuroda. Intraperitoneal injection of the SIRT1 activator SRT1720 attenuates the progression of experimental osteoarthritis in mice. Bone Joint Res 2018;7:252-262. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.73.BJR-2017-0227.R1.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - T Matsushita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - K Takayama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - T Tanaka
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - N Miyaji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - K Ibaraki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - D Araki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - N Kanzaki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - T Matsumoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
| | - R Kuroda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-Cho Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500017, Japan
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Nurmohamed M, Choy E, Lula S, Kola B, DeMasi R, Accossato P. The Impact of Biologics and Tofacitinib on Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Outcomes in Patients with Rheumatic Disease: A Systematic Literature Review. Drug Saf 2018; 41:473-488. [PMID: 29318514 PMCID: PMC5938314 DOI: 10.1007/s40264-017-0628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatic diseases are autoimmune, inflammatory diseases often associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease, a major cause of mortality in these patients. In recent years, treatment with biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), either as monotherapy or in combination with other drugs, have become the standard of treatment. In this systematic literature review, we evaluated the effect of treatment with biologic or tofacitinib on the CV risk and outcomes in these patients. METHODS A systematic search was performed in MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for articles reporting on CV risk and events in patients with rheumatic disease treated with a biologic agent or tofacitinib. Articles identified were subjected to two levels of screening. Articles that passed the first level based on title and abstract were assessed on full-text evaluation. The quality of randomized clinical trials was assessed by Jadad scoring system and the quality of the other studies and abstracts was assessed using the Downs and Black instrument. The data extracted included study design, baseline patient characteristics, and measurements of CV risk and events. RESULTS Of the 5722 articles identified in the initial search, screening yielded 105 unique publications from 90 unique studies (33 clinical trials, 39 prospective cohort studies, and an additional 18 retrospective studies) that reported CV risk outcomes. A risk of bias analysis for each type of report indicated that they were of good or excellent quality. Importantly, despite some limitations in data reported, there were no indications of significant increase in adverse CV events or risk in response to treatment with the agents evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with biologic or tofacitinib appears to be well-tolerated with respect to CV outcomes in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nurmohamed
- Department of Rheumatology, Reade, VU University Medical Center, 3A50, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, Dr. Jan van Breemenstraat 2, 1056 AB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Ernest Choy
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | - Sadiq Lula
- Envision Pharma Group, London, UK
- IQVIA, London, UK
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Kang X, Yang W, Wang R, Xie T, Li H, Feng D, Jin X, Sun H, Wu S. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) stimulates growth-plate chondrogenesis by attenuating the PERK-eIF-2α-CHOP pathway in the unfolded protein response. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:8614-8625. [PMID: 29653943 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.809822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) has emerged as an important regulator of chondrogenesis and cartilage homeostasis, processes that are important for physiological skeletal growth and that are dysregulated in osteoarthritis. However, the functional role and underlying mechanism by which SIRT1 regulates chondrogenesis remain unclear. Using cultured rat metatarsal bones and chondrocytes isolated from rat metatarsal rudiments, here we studied the effects of the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527 or of SIRT1 siRNA on chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptosis. We show that EX527 or SIRT1 siRNA inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy and induces apoptosis. We also observed that SIRT1 inhibition mainly induces the PERK-eIF-2α-CHOP axis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in growth-plate chondrocytes. Of note, EX527- or SIRT1 siRNA-mediated inhibition of metatarsal growth and growth-plate chondrogenesis were partly neutralized by phenylbutyric acid, a chemical chaperone that attenuates ER stress. Moreover, EX527-mediated impairment of chondrocyte function (i.e. of chondrocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptosis) was partly reversed in CHOP-/- cells. We also present evidence that SIRT1 physically interacts with and deacetylates PERK. Collectively, our findings indicate that SIRT1 deacetylates PERK and attenuates the PERK-eIF-2α-CHOP axis of the unfolded protein response pathway and thereby promotes growth-plate chondrogenesis and longitudinal bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Kang
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Wei Yang
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Tianping Xie
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Huixia Li
- the Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China, and
| | - Dongxu Feng
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.,the Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xinxin Jin
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Hongzhi Sun
- the Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China, and
| | - Shufang Wu
- From the Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China,
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Emerging Players at the Intersection of Chondrocyte Loss of Maturational Arrest, Oxidative Stress, Senescence and Low-Grade Inflammation in Osteoarthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3075293. [PMID: 29599894 PMCID: PMC5828476 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3075293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing because of the progressive aging and unhealthy lifestyle. These risk factors trigger OA by removing constraints that keep the tightly regulated low turnover of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage, the correct chondrocyte phenotype, and the functionality of major homeostatic mechanisms, such as mitophagy, that allows for the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria, preventing increased production of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, and senescence. After OA onset, the presence of ECM degradation products is perceived as a “danger” signal by the chondrocytes and the synovial macrophages that release alarmins with autocrine/paracrine effects on the same cells. Alarmins trigger innate immunity in the joint, with important systemic crosstalks that explain the beneficial effects of dietary interventions and improved lifestyle. Alarmins also boost low-grade inflammation: the release of inflammatory molecules and chemokines sustained by continuous triggering of NF-κB within an altered cellular setting that allows its higher transcriptional activity. Chemokines exert pleiotropic functions in OA, including the recruitment of inflammatory cells and the induction of ECM remodeling. Some chemokines have been successfully targeted to attenuate structural damage or pain in OA animal models. This represents a promising strategy for the future management of human OA.
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29
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Rao RT, Pierre KK, Schlesinger N, Androulakis IP. The Potential of Circadian Realignment in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 2017; 44:177-191. [PMID: 28605351 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2016018812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this short review, we discuss evidence supporting the modulation of peripheral circadian systems as a therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We first review the role of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress, two of the primary mediators of chronic inflammation in RA, and their regulation by circadian clock machinery. We further highlight the role of environmental and metabolic signals in regulating the central and peripheral circadian clocks, with an emphasis on seasonal variations in photoperiod and rhythmic metabolic input, respectively. Finally, we hypothesize that the entrainment and realignment of peripheral clock rhythms have the ability to modulate these mediators, improving clinical outcomes in RA patients. Our discussion emphasizes the use of light therapy and time-restricted feeding for entraining peripheral clocks either via the entrainment of the central circadian clock in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) or directly by uncoupling the peripheral circadian clocks from SCN. In doing so, we highlight the use of nonpharmacologic interventions as a potential strategy for improving clinical outcomes in chronic inflammatory conditions such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit T Rao
- Chemical & Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Kamau K Pierre
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Naomi Schlesinger
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Ioannis P Androulakis
- Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey; Biomedical Engineering Department, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey; Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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30
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Platas J, Guillén MI, Pérez Del Caz MD, Gomar F, Castejón MA, Mirabet V, Alcaraz MJ. Paracrine effects of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in inflammatory stress-induced senescence features of osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:1703-17. [PMID: 27490266 PMCID: PMC5032691 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging and exposure to stress would determine the chondrocyte phenotype in osteoarthritis (OA). In particular, chronic inflammation may contribute to stress-induced senescence of chondrocytes and cartilage degeneration during OA progression. Recent studies have shown that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells exert paracrine effects protecting against degenerative changes in chondrocytes. We have investigated whether the conditioned medium (CM) from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells may regulate senescence features induced by inflammatory stress in OA chondrocytes. Our results indicate that CM down-regulated senescence markers induced by interleukin-1β including senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, accumulation of γH2AX foci and morphological changes with enhanced formation of actin stress fibers. Treatment of chondrocytes with CM also decreased the production of oxidative stress, the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases, and the expression of caveolin-1 and p21. The effects of CM were related to the reduction in p53 acetylation which would be dependent on the enhancement of Sirtuin 1 expression. Therefore, CM may exert protective effects in degenerative joint conditions by countering the premature senescence of OA chondrocytes induced by inflammatory stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Platas
- Department of Pharmacology and IDM, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Guillén
- Department of Pharmacology and IDM, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pharmacy, Cardenal Herrera-CEU University, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Gomar
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Castejón
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, De la Ribera University Hospital, Alzira, 46600 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Mirabet
- Valencia Transfusion Center, Generalitat Valenciana, 46014 Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria José Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacology and IDM, University of Valencia, Burjasot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
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Resveratrol downregulates inflammatory pathway activated by lymphotoxin α (TNF-β) in articular chondrocytes: Comparison with TNF-α. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186993. [PMID: 29095837 PMCID: PMC5667866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
While Lymphotoxin α (TNF-β), a product of lymphocytes, is known to play a pivotal role in inflammatory joint environment, resveratrol has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects via activation of the histondeacetylase Sirt1. Whether TNF-β induction of inflammatory pathways in primary human chondrocytes (PCH) can be modulated by resveratrol, was investigated. Monolayer and alginate cultures of PCH were treated with TNF-β, anti-TNF-β, nicotinamide (NAM), antisense oligonucleotides against Sirt1 (Sirt1-ASO) and/or resveratrol and co-cultured with T-lymphocytes. We found that resveratrol suppressed, similar to anti-TNF-β, TNF-β-induced increased adhesiveness in an inflammatory microenvironment of T-lymphocytes and PCH. In contrast, knockdown of Sirt1 by mRNA abolished the inhibitory effects of resveratrol on the TNF-β-induced adhesiveness, suggesting the essential role of this enzyme for resveratrol-mediated anti-inflammatory signaling. Similar results were obtained in PCH stimulated with TNF-α. Sirt1-ASO, NAM or TNF-β, similar to T-lymphocytes induced inflammatory microenvironment by down-regulation of cartilage-specific proteins, Sox9, Ki67 and enhanced NF-κB-regulated gene products involved in inflammatory and degradative processes in cartilage (MMP-9/-13, COX-2, caspase-3), NF-κB activation and its translocation to the nucleus. Moreover, resveratrol reversed the TNF-β-, NAM-, T-lymphocytes-induced up-regulation of various NF-κB-regulated gene products. Down-regulation of Sirt1 by mRNA interference abrogated the effect of resveratrol on TNF-β-induced effects. Ultrastructural and cell viability assay investigations revealed that resveratrol revoked TNF-β-induced dose-dependent degradative/apoptotic morphological changes, cell viability and proliferation in PCH. Taken together, suppression of TNF-β-induced inflammatory microenvironment in PCH by resveratrol/Sirt1 might be a novel therapeutic approach for targeting inflammation during rheumatoid arthritis.
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32
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Abstract
The past decade has witnessed many advances in the understanding of sirtuin biology and related regulatory circuits supporting the capacity of these proteins to serve as energy-sensing molecules that contribute to healthspan in various tissues, including articular cartilage. Hence, there has been a significant increase in new investigations that aim to elucidate the mechanisms of sirtuin function and their roles in cartilage biology, skeletal development, and pathologies such as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and intervertebral disc degeneration (IVD). The majority of the work carried out to date has focused on SIRT1, although SIRT6 has more recently become a focus of some investigations. In vivo work with transgenic mice has shown that Sirt1 and Sirt6 are essential for maintaining cartilage homeostasis and that the use of sirtuin-activating molecules such as resveratrol may have beneficial effects on cartilage anabolism. Current thinking is that SIRT1 exerts positive effects on cartilage by encouraging chondrocyte survival, especially under stress conditions, which may provide a mechanism supporting the use of sirtuin small-molecule activators (STACS) for future therapeutic interventions in OA and other degenerative pathologies of joints, especially those that involve articular cartilage.
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33
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Therapeutic Effects of Olive and Its Derivatives on Osteoarthritis: From Bench to Bedside. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9101060. [PMID: 28954409 PMCID: PMC5691677 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a major cause of morbidity among the elderly worldwide. It is a disease characterized by localized inflammation of the joint and destruction of cartilage, leading to loss of function. Impaired chondrocyte repair mechanisms, due to inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy, play important roles in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Olive and its derivatives, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and autophagy-enhancing activities, are suitable candidates for therapeutic interventions for osteoarthritis. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the effects of olive and its derivatives, on osteoarthritis and chondrocytes. The literature on animal and human studies has demonstrated a beneficial effect of olive and its derivatives on the progression of osteoarthritis. In vitro studies have suggested that the augmentation of autophagy (though sirtuin-1) and suppression of inflammation by olive polyphenols could contribute to the chondroprotective effects of olive polyphenols. More research and well-planned clinical trials are required to justify the use of olive-based treatment in osteoarthritis.
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34
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Khan NM, Haqqi TM. Epigenetics in osteoarthritis: Potential of HDAC inhibitors as therapeutics. Pharmacol Res 2017; 128:73-79. [PMID: 28827187 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease and the leading cause of chronic disability in middle-aged and older populations worldwide. The development of disease modifying therapy for OA is in its infancy largely because the regulatory mechanisms for the molecular effectors of OA pathogenesis are poorly understood. Recent studies identified epigenetic events as a critical regulator of molecular players involved in the induction and development of OA. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, non-coding RNA and histone modifications. The aim of this review is to briefly highlight the recent advances in the epigenetics of cartilage and potential of HDACs (Histone deacetylases) inhibitors in the therapeutic management of OA. We summarize the recent studies utilizing HDAC inhibitors as potential therapeutics for inhibiting disease progression and preventing the cartilage destruction in OA. HDACs control normal cartilage development and homeostasis and understanding the impact of HDACs inhibitors on the disease pathogenesis is of interest because of its importance in affecting overall cartilage health and homeostasis. These findings also shed new light on cartilage disease pathophysiology and provide substantial evidence that HDACs may be potential novel therapeutic targets in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazir M Khan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Tariq M Haqqi
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Northeast Ohio Medical University, 4209 St Rt 44, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
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35
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent and crippling joint disease, and lacks curative treatment, as the underlying molecular basis is unclear. Here, we show that DOT1L, an enzyme involved in histone methylation, is a master protector of cartilage health. Loss of DOT1L disrupts the molecular signature of healthy chondrocytes in vitro and causes osteoarthritis in mice. Mechanistically, the protective function of DOT1L is attributable to inhibition of Wnt signalling, a pathway that when hyper-activated can lead to joint disease. Unexpectedly, DOT1L suppresses Wnt signalling by inhibiting the activity of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), an important regulator of gene transcription. Inhibition of SIRT1 protects against osteoarthritis triggered by loss of DOT1L activity. Modulating the DOT1L network might therefore be a therapeutic approach to protect the cartilage against osteoarthritis.
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36
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Igarashi M, Sakamoto K, Nagaoka I. Effect of glucosamine on expression of type II collagen, matrix metalloproteinase and sirtuin genes in a human chondrocyte cell line. Int J Mol Med 2016; 39:472-478. [PMID: 28035358 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2016.2842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucosamine (GlcN) has been widely used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) in humans. However, the effects of GlcN on genes related to cartilage metabolism are still unknown. In the present study, to elucidate the chondroprotective action of GlcN on OA, we examined the effects of GlcN (0.1-10 mM) on the expression of the sirtuin (SIRT) genes as well as type II collagen and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) using a human chondrocyte cell line SW 1353. SW 1353 cells were incubated in the absence or presence of GlcN. RT-PCR analyses revealed that GlcN markedly increased the mRNA expression of type II collagen (COL2A1). By contrast, the levels of MMP-1 and MMP-9 mRNA were only slightly increased by GlcN. Furthermore, western blot analyses revealed that GlcN significantly increased the protein level of COL2A1. Importantly, GlcN enhanced the mRNA expression and protein level of SIRT1, an upstream-regulating gene of COL2A1. Moreover, a SIRT1 inhibitor suppressed GlcN-induced COL2A1 gene expression. Together these observations suggest that GlcN enhances the mRNA expression and protein level of SIRT1 and its downstream gene COL2A1 in chondrocytes, thereby possibly exhibiting chondroprotective action on OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Igarashi
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Koji Sakamoto
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Isao Nagaoka
- Department of Host Defense and Biochemical Research, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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37
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Su YP, Chen CN, Chang HI, Huang KC, Cheng CC, Chiu FY, Lee KC, Lo CM, Chang SF. Low Shear Stress Attenuates COX-2 Expression Induced by Resistin in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1448-1457. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ping Su
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Surgery; School of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Nan Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology; National Chiayi University; Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology; National Chiayi University; Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chin Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chiayi Branch; Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chang Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chiayi Branch; Chiayi Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yao Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Veterans General Hospital; Taipei Taiwan
- Department of Surgery; School of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Ko-Chao Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery; Department of Surgery; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Chun-Min Lo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; National Yang-Ming University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fu Chang
- Department of Medical Research and Development; Chang Gung Memorial Hospital; Chiayi Branch; Chiayi Taiwan
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Eo SH, Choi SY, Kim SJ. PEP-1-SIRT2-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 modulates type II collagen expression via ERK signaling in rabbit articular chondrocytes. Exp Cell Res 2016; 348:201-208. [PMID: 27697532 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are critical for the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which includes cartilage-specific collagen types I, II and XI. We previously found that PEP-1-sirtuin (SIRT)2 could induce dedifferentiation of articular chondrocytes; however, the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. We addressed this in the present study by examining the association between PEP-1-SIRT2 and the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-13 and type II collagen in rabbit articular chondrocytes. We found that PEP-1-SIRT2 increased MMP-1 and -13 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as determined by western blotting. A similar trend in MMP-1 and -13 levels was observed in cultures during expansion to four passages. Pharmacological inhibition of MMP-1 and -13 blocked the PEP-1-SIRT2-induced decrease in type II collagen level. Phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) was increased by PEP-1-SIRT2; however, treatment with the mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor PD98059 suppressed PEP-1-SIRT2-induced MMP-1 and -13 expression and dedifferentiation while restoring type II collagen expression in passage 2 cells. These results suggest that PEP-1-SIRT2 promotes MMP-induced dedifferentiation via ERK signaling in articular chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Hui Eo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon, Republic of Korea.
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungnam 32588, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Tran MC, Bhatia NJ, Hsing AW, Chen C, LaRussa MF, Fattakhov E, Rashidi V, Jang KY, Choo KJ, Nie X, Mathy JA, Longaker MT, Dauskardt RH, Helms JA, Yang GP. Del1 Knockout Mice Developed More Severe Osteoarthritis Associated with Increased Susceptibility of Chondrocytes to Apoptosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160684. [PMID: 27505251 PMCID: PMC4978450 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We identified significant expression of the matricellular protein, DEL1, in hypertrophic and mature cartilage during development. We hypothesized that this tissue-specific expression indicated a biological role for DEL1 in cartilage biology. METHODS Del1 KO and WT mice had cartilage thickness evaluated by histomorphometry. Additional mice underwent medial meniscectomy to induce osteoarthritis, and were assayed at 1 week for apoptosis by TUNEL staining and at 8 weeks for histology and OA scoring. In vitro proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed on primary chondrocytes. RESULTS Deletion of the Del1 gene led to decreased amounts of cartilage in the ears and knee joints in mice with otherwise normal skeletal morphology. Destabilization of the knee led to more severe OA compared to controls. In vitro, DEL1 blocked apoptosis in chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Osteoarthritis is among the most prevalent diseases worldwide and increasing in incidence as our population ages. Initiation begins with an injury resulting in the release of inflammatory mediators. Excessive production of inflammatory mediators results in apoptosis of chondrocytes. Because of the limited ability of chondrocytes to regenerate, articular cartilage deteriorates leading to the clinical symptoms including severe pain and decreased mobility. No treatments effectively block the progression of OA. We propose that direct modulation of chondrocyte apoptosis is a key variable in the etiology of OA, and therapies aimed at preventing this important step represent a new class of regenerative medicine targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Misha C. Tran
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Namrata J. Bhatia
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Alexander W. Hsing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Carol Chen
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Marie F. LaRussa
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Ernst Fattakhov
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Vania Rashidi
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kevin J. Choo
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Xingju Nie
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Jonathan A. Mathy
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Longaker
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Reinhold H. Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Jill A. Helms
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - George P. Yang
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
- Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The involvement of the epigenome in complex diseases is becoming increasingly clear and more feasible to study due to new genomic and computational technologies. Moreover, therapies altering the activities of proteins that modify and interpret the epigenome are available to treat cancers and neurological disorders. Many additional uses have been proposed for these drugs based on promising preclinical results, including in arthritis models. Understanding the effects of epigenomic drugs on the skeleton is of interest because of its importance in maintaining overall health and fitness. In this review, we summarize ongoing advancements in how one class of epigenetic modifiers, histone deacetylases (Hdacs), controls normal cartilage development and homeostasis, as well as recent work aimed at understanding the alterations in the expression and activities of these enzymes in osteoarthritis (OA). We also review recent studies utilizing Hdac inhibitors and discuss the potential therapeutic benefits and limitations of these drugs for preventing cartilage destruction in OA.
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Yang W, Kang X, Liu J, Li H, Ma Z, Jin X, Qian Z, Xie T, Qin N, Feng D, Pan W, Chen Q, Sun H, Wu S. Clock Gene Bmal1 Modulates Human Cartilage Gene Expression by Crosstalk With Sirt1. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3096-107. [PMID: 27253997 PMCID: PMC4967114 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-2042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The critical regulation of the peripheral circadian gene implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) has been recently recognized; however, the causative role and clinical potential of the peripheral circadian rhythm attributable to such effects remain elusive. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the role of a circadian gene Bmal1 in human cartilage and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. In our present study, the mRNA and protein levels of circadian rhythm genes, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidase (NAD(+)) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), in human knee articular cartilage were determined. In OA cartilage, the levels of both Bmal1 and NAD(+) decreased significantly, which resulted in the inhibition of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase activity and Sirt1 expression. Furthermore, the knockdown of Bmal1 was sufficient to decrease the level of NAD(+) and aggravate OA-like gene expression changes under the stimulation of IL-1β. The overexpression of Bmal1 relieved the alteration induced by IL-1β, which was consistent with the effect of the inhibition of Rev-Erbα (known as NR1D1, nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D). On the other hand, the transfection of Sirt1 small interfering RNA not only resulted in a reduction of the protein expression of Bmal1 and a moderate increase of period 2 (per2) and Rev-Erbα but also further exacerbated the survival of cells and the expression of cartilage matrix-degrading enzymes induced by IL-1β. Overexpression of Sirt1 restored the metabolic imbalance of chondrocytes caused by IL-1β. These observations suggest that Bmal1 is a key clock gene to involve in cartilage homeostasis mediated through sirt1 and that manipulating circadian rhythm gene expression implicates an innovative strategy to develop novel therapeutic agents against cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Jiali Liu
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Huixia Li
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Zhengmin Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Xinxin Jin
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Zhuang Qian
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Tianping Xie
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Na Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Dongxu Feng
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Wenjie Pan
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Qian Chen
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Hongzhi Sun
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Shufang Wu
- Center for Translational Medicine (W.Y., X.K., X.J., Z.Q., T.X., N.Q., D.F., W.P., Q.C., S.W.), the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (J.L., H.L., Z.M., H.S.), Ministry of Education, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Hong Hui Hospital (D.F., W.P.), Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (Q.C.), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy (N.Q.), Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Luoyang, 450052 Henan, China; and Department of Orthopaedics (Q.C.), Brown University Alpert Medical School and Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
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The brain–joint axis in osteoarthritis: nerves, circadian clocks and beyond. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2016; 12:508-16. [DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Abstract
Osteoarthritis is common among aging canine and feline patients. The incidence and severity of clinical lameness are closely correlated to body condition in overweight and obese patients. Excessive adiposity may result in incongruous and excessive mechanical loading that worsens clinical signs in affected patients. Data suggest a potential link between adipokines, obesity-related inflammation, and a worsening of the underlying pathology. Similarly, abnormal physical stress and generalized systemic inflammation propagated by obesity contribute to neurologic signs associated with intervertebral disc disease. Weight loss and exercise are critical to ameliorating the pain and impaired mobility of affected animals.
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Bar Oz M, Kumar A, Elayyan J, Reich E, Binyamin M, Kandel L, Liebergall M, Steinmeyer J, Lefebvre V, Dvir‐Ginzberg M. Acetylation reduces SOX9 nuclear entry and ACAN gene transactivation in human chondrocytes. Aging Cell 2016; 15:499-508. [PMID: 26910618 PMCID: PMC4854920 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the content of aggrecan, an essential proteoglycan of articular cartilage, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent age-related, degenerative joint disease. Here, we examined the effect of SOX9 acetylation on ACAN transactivation in the context of osteoarthritis. Primary chondrocytes freshly isolated from degenerated OA cartilage displayed lower levels of ACAN mRNA and higher levels of acetylated SOX9 compared with cells from intact regions of OA cartilage. Degenerated OA cartilage presented chondrocyte clusters bearing diffused immunostaining for SOX9 compared with intact cartilage regions. Primary human chondrocytes freshly isolated from OA knee joints were cultured in monolayer or in three-dimensional alginate microbeads (3D). SOX9 was hypo-acetylated in 3D cultures and displayed enhanced binding to a -10 kb ACAN enhancer, a result consistent with higher ACAN mRNA levels than in monolayer cultures. It also co-immunoprecipitated with SIRT1, a major deacetylase responsible for SOX9 deacetylation. Finally, immunofluorescence assays revealed increased nuclear localization of SOX9 in primary chondrocytes treated with the NAD SIRT1 cofactor, than in cells treated with a SIRT1 inhibitor. Inhibition of importin β by importazole maintained SOX9 in the cytoplasm, even in the presence of NAD. Based on these data, we conclude that deacetylation promotes SOX9 nuclear translocation and hence its ability to activate ACAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Bar Oz
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Jinan Elayyan
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Eli Reich
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Milana Binyamin
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Leonid Kandel
- Joint Replacement and Reconstructive Surgery UnitOrthopaedic Surgery ComplexHadassah Mount Scopus HospitalJerusalemIsrael
| | - Meir Liebergall
- Joint Replacement and Reconstructive Surgery UnitOrthopaedic Surgery ComplexHadassah Mount Scopus HospitalJerusalemIsrael
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental OrthopaedicsDepartment of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity Hospital Giessen & Marburg GmbHGießenGermany
| | | | - Mona Dvir‐Ginzberg
- Laboratory of Cartilage BiologyInstitute of Dental SciencesHebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
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Abstract
Age is the strongest independent risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis (OA) and for many years this was assumed to be due to repetitive microtrauma of the joint surface over time, the so-called 'wear and tear' arthritis. As our understanding of OA pathogenesis has become more refined, it has changed our appreciation of the role of ageing on disease. Cartilage breakdown in disease is not a passive process but one involving induction and activation of specific matrix-degrading enzymes; chondrocytes are exquisitely sensitive to changes in the mechanical, inflammatory and metabolic environment of the joint; cartilage is continuously adapting to these changes by altering its matrix. Ageing influences all of these processes. In this review, we will discuss how ageing affects tissue structure, joint use and the cellular metabolism. We describe what is known about pathways implicated in ageing in other model systems and discuss the potential value of targeting these pathways in OA.
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Oxidative stress, autophagy, epigenetic changes and regulation by miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in osteoarthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 108:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Reciprocal regulation by hypoxia-inducible factor-2α and the NAMPT-NAD(+)-SIRT axis in articular chondrocytes is involved in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015. [PMID: 26209889 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) transcriptionally upregulates Nampt in articular chondrocytes. NAMPT, which exhibits nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase activity, in turn causes osteoarthritis (OA) in mice by stimulating the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes. Here, we sought to elucidate whether HIF-2α activates the NAMPT-NAD(+)-SIRT axis in chondrocytes and thereby contributes to the pathogenesis of OA. METHODS Assays of NAD levels, SIRT activity, reporter gene activity, mRNA, and protein levels were conducted in primary cultured mouse articular chondrocytes. Experimental OA in mice was induced by intra-articular (IA) injection of adenovirus expressing HIF-2α (Ad-Epas1) or NAMPT (Ad-Nampt). The functions of SIRT in OA were examined by IA co-injection of SIRT inhibitors or adenovirus expressing individual SIRT isoforms or shRNA targeting specific SIRT isoforms. RESULTS HIF-2α activated the NAMPT-NAD(+)-SIRT axis in chondrocytes by upregulating NAMPT, which stimulated NAD(+) synthesis and thereby activated SIRT family members. The activated NAMPT-SIRT pathway, in turn, promoted HIF-2α protein stability by negatively regulating its hydroxylation and 26S proteasome-mediated degradation, resulting in increased HIF-2α transcriptional activity. Among SIRT family members (SIRT1-7), SIRT2 and SIRT4 were positively associated with HIF-2α stability and transcriptional activity in chondrocytes. This reciprocal regulation was required for the expression of catabolic matrix metalloproteinases (MMP3, MMP12, and MMP13) and OA cartilage destruction caused by IA injection of Ad-Epas1 Ad-Nampt. CONCLUSION The reciprocal regulation of HIF-2α and the NAMPT-NAD(+)-SIRT axis in articular chondrocytes is involved in OA cartilage destruction caused by HIF-2α or NAMPT.
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Inflammation and intracellular metabolism: new targets in OA. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1835-42. [PMID: 26521729 PMCID: PMC4668929 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage degeneration is hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). Low-grade chronic inflammation in the joint can promote OA progression. Emerging evidence indicates that bioenergy sensors couple metabolism with inflammation to switch physiological and clinical phenotypes. Changes in cellular bioenergy metabolism can reprogram inflammatory responses, and inflammation can disturb cellular energy balance and increase cell stress. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) are two critical bioenergy sensors that regulate energy balance at both cellular and whole-body levels. Dysregulation of AMPK and SIRT1 has been implicated in diverse human diseases and aging. This review reveals recent findings on the role of AMPK and SIRT1 in joint tissue homeostasis and OA, with a focus on how AMPK and SIRT1 in articular chondrocytes modulate intracellular energy metabolism during stress responses (e.g., inflammatory responses) and how these changes dictate specific effector functions, and discusses translational significance of AMPK and SIRT1 as new therapeutic targets for OA.
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Bradley EW, Carpio LR, van Wijnen AJ, McGee-Lawrence ME, Westendorf JJ. Histone Deacetylases in Bone Development and Skeletal Disorders. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:1359-81. [PMID: 26378079 PMCID: PMC4600951 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (Hdacs) are conserved enzymes that remove acetyl groups from lysine side chains in histones and other proteins. Eleven of the 18 Hdacs encoded by the human and mouse genomes depend on Zn(2+) for enzymatic activity, while the other 7, the sirtuins (Sirts), require NAD2(+). Collectively, Hdacs and Sirts regulate numerous cellular and mitochondrial processes including gene transcription, DNA repair, protein stability, cytoskeletal dynamics, and signaling pathways to affect both development and aging. Of clinical relevance, Hdacs inhibitors are United States Food and Drug Administration-approved cancer therapeutics and are candidate therapies for other common diseases including arthritis, diabetes, epilepsy, heart disease, HIV infection, neurodegeneration, and numerous aging-related disorders. Hdacs and Sirts influence skeletal development, maintenance of mineral density and bone strength by affecting intramembranous and endochondral ossification, as well as bone resorption. With few exceptions, inhibition of Hdac or Sirt activity though either loss-of-function mutations or prolonged chemical inhibition has negative and/or toxic effects on skeletal development and bone mineral density. Specifically, Hdac/Sirt suppression causes abnormalities in physiological development such as craniofacial dimorphisms, short stature, and bone fragility that are associated with several human syndromes or diseases. In contrast, activation of Sirts may protect the skeleton from aging and immobilization-related bone loss. This knowledge may prolong healthspan and prevent adverse events caused by epigenetic therapies that are entering the clinical realm at an unprecedented rate. In this review, we summarize the general properties of Hdacs/Sirts and the research that has revealed their essential functions in bone forming cells (e.g., osteoblasts and chondrocytes) and bone resorbing osteoclasts. Finally, we offer predictions on future research in this area and the utility of this knowledge for orthopedic applications and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth W Bradley
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, Minnesota; and Georgia Regents University, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lomeli R Carpio
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, Minnesota; and Georgia Regents University, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Andre J van Wijnen
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, Minnesota; and Georgia Regents University, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Meghan E McGee-Lawrence
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, Minnesota; and Georgia Regents University, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jennifer J Westendorf
- Mayo Clinic, Departments of Orthopedic Surgery and of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Mayo Graduate School, Rochester, Minnesota; and Georgia Regents University, Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta, Georgia
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Collins JA, Moots RJ, Clegg PD, Milner PI. Resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine influence redox balance in equine articular chondrocytes under acidic and very low oxygen conditions. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 86:57-64. [PMID: 25998424 PMCID: PMC4562226 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mature articular cartilage is an avascular tissue characterized by a low oxygen environment. In joint disease, acidosis and further reductions in oxygen levels occur, compromising cartilage integrity.This study investigated how acidosis and very low oxygen levels affect components of the cellular redox system in equine articular chondrocytesand whether the antioxidants resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine could modulate this system. We used articular chondrocytes isolated from nondiseased equine joints and cultured them in a 3-D alginate bead system for 48h in <1, 2, 5, and 21% O2 at pH 7.2 or 6.2 in the absence or presence of the proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β (10ng/ml).In addition, chondrocytes were cultured with resveratrol (10µM) or N-acetylcysteine (NAC) (2mM).Cell viability, glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), reactive oxygen species (ROS), GSH:GSSG ratio, and SOD1 and SOD2 protein expression were measured. Very low levels of oxygen (<1%), acidosis (pH 6.2), and exposure to IL-1β led to reductions in cell viability, increased GAG release, alterations in ΔΨm and ROS levels, and reduced GSH:GSSG ratio. In addition, SOD1 and SOD2 protein expressions were reduced. Both resveratrol and NAC partially restored ΔΨm and ROS levels and prevented GAG release and cell loss and normalized SOD1 and SOD2 protein expression. In particular NAC was highly effective at restoring the GSH:GSSG ratio.These results show that the antioxidants resveratrol and N-acetylcysteine can counteract the redox imbalance in articular chondrocytes induced by low oxygen and acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Collins
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Cheshire, UK, CH64 7TE
| | - Robert J Moots
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, University Hospital Aintree, Liverpool, UK, L9 7AL
| | - Peter D Clegg
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Cheshire, UK, CH64 7TE
| | - Peter I Milner
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Cheshire, UK, CH64 7TE.
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