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Nomura A, Mizuno M, Noto D, Aoyama A, Kuga T, Murayama G, Chiba A, Miyake S. Different Spatial and Temporal Roles of Monocytes and Monocyte-Derived Cells in the Pathogenesis of an Imiquimod Induced Lupus Model. Front Immunol 2022; 13:764557. [PMID: 35371102 PMCID: PMC8964788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.764557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates the importance of aberrant Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the mechanism of disease progression remains unclear. An imiquimod (IMQ)-induced lupus model was used to analyze the lupus mechanism related to the aberrant TLR7 signals. C57BL/6 mice and NZB/NZW mice were treated with topical IMQ, and peripheral blood, draining lymph nodes, and kidneys were analyzed focusing on monocytes and monocyte-related cells. Monocytes expressed intermediate to high levels of TLR7, and the long-term application of IMQ increased Ly6Clo monocytes in the peripheral blood and Ly6Clo monocyte-like cells in the lymph nodes and kidneys, whereas Ly6Chi monocyte-like cell numbers were increased in lymph nodes. Ly6Clo monocyte-like cells in the kidneys of IMQ-induced lupus mice were supplied by bone marrow-derived cells as demonstrated using a bone marrow chimera. Ly6Clo monocytes obtained from IMQ-induced lupus mice had upregulated adhesion molecule-related genes, and after adoptive transfer, they showed greater infiltration into the kidneys compared with controls. RNA-seq and post hoc PCR analyses revealed Ly6Clo monocyte-like cells in the kidneys of IMQ-induced lupus mice had upregulated macrophage-related genes compared with peripheral blood Ly6Clo monocytes and downregulated genes compared with kidney macrophages (MF). Ly6Clo monocyte-like cells in the kidneys upregulated Il6 and chemoattracting genes including Ccl5 and Cxcl13. The higher expression of Il6 in Ly6Clo monocyte-like cells compared with MF suggested these cells were more inflammatory than MF. However, MF in IMQ-induced lupus mice were characterized by their high expression of Cxcl13. Genes of proinflammatory cytokines in Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo monocytes were upregulated by stimulation with IMQ but only Ly6Chi monocytes upregulated IFN-α genes upon stimulation with 2′3′-cyclic-GMP-AMP, an agonist of stimulator of interferon genes. Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo monocytes in IMQ-induced lupus mice had different features. Ly6Chi monocytes responded in the lymph nodes of locally stimulated sites and had a higher expression of IFN-α upon stimulation, whereas Ly6Clo monocytes were induced slowly and tended to infiltrate into the kidneys. Infiltrated monocytes in the kidneys likely followed a trajectory through inflammatory monocyte-like cells to MF, which were then involved in the development of nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nomura
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miho Mizuno
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noto
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Aoyama
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiga Kuga
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Goh Murayama
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asako Chiba
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sachiko Miyake
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Idborg H, Zandian A, Ossipova E, Wigren E, Preger C, Mobarrez F, Checa A, Sohrabian A, Pucholt P, Sandling JK, Fernandes-Cerqueira C, Rönnelid J, Oke V, Grosso G, Kvarnström M, Larsson A, Wheelock CE, Syvänen AC, Rönnblom L, Kultima K, Persson H, Gräslund S, Gunnarsson I, Nilsson P, Svenungsson E, Jakobsson PJ. Circulating Levels of Interferon Regulatory Factor-5 Associates With Subgroups of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1029. [PMID: 31156624 PMCID: PMC6533644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease, which currently lacks specific diagnostic biomarkers. The diversity within the patients obstructs clinical trials but may also reflect differences in underlying pathogenesis. Our objective was to obtain protein profiles to identify potential general biomarkers of SLE and to determine molecular subgroups within SLE for patient stratification. Plasma samples from a cross-sectional study of well-characterized SLE patients (n = 379) and matched population controls (n = 316) were analyzed by antibody suspension bead array targeting 281 proteins. To investigate the differences between SLE and controls, Mann–Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction, generalized linear modeling and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis were performed. K-means clustering was used to identify molecular SLE subgroups. We identified Interferon regulating factor 5 (IRF5), solute carrier family 22 member 2 (SLC22A2) and S100 calcium binding protein A12 (S100A12) as the three proteins with the largest fold change between SLE patients and controls (SLE/Control = 1.4, 1.4, and 1.2 respectively). The lowest p-values comparing SLE patients and controls were obtained for S100A12, Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1) and SLC22A2 (padjusted = 3 × 10−9, 3 × 10−6, and 5 × 10−6 respectively). In a set of 15 potential biomarkers differentiating SLE patients and controls, two of the proteins were transcription factors, i.e., IRF5 and SAM pointed domain containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF). IRF5 was up-regulated while SPDEF was found to be down-regulated in SLE patients. Unsupervised clustering of all investigated proteins identified three molecular subgroups among SLE patients, characterized by (1) high levels of rheumatoid factor-IgM, (2) low IRF5, and (3) high IRF5. IRF5 expressing microparticles were analyzed by flow cytometry in a subset of patients to confirm the presence of IRF5 in plasma and detection of extracellular IRF5 was further confirmed by immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry (IP-MS). Interestingly IRF5, a known genetic risk factor for SLE, was detected extracellularly and suggested by unsupervised clustering analysis to differentiate between SLE subgroups. Our results imply a set of circulating molecules as markers of possible pathogenic importance in SLE. We believe that these findings could be of relevance for understanding the pathogenesis and diversity of SLE, as well as for selection of patients in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Idborg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arash Zandian
- SciLifeLab, Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elena Ossipova
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edvard Wigren
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Preger
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fariborz Mobarrez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences, Akademiska Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Antonio Checa
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Azita Sohrabian
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pascal Pucholt
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johanna K Sandling
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cátia Fernandes-Cerqueira
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Rönnelid
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vilija Oke
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgia Grosso
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Kvarnström
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Larsson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Craig E Wheelock
- Division of Physiological Chemistry 2, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christine Syvänen
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Medicine and Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lars Rönnblom
- Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kim Kultima
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helena Persson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Drug Discovery and Development & School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Gräslund
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- SciLifeLab, Division of Affinity Proteomics, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Svenungsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Soni C, Reizis B. DNA as a self-antigen: nature and regulation. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 55:31-37. [PMID: 30261321 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High-affinity antibodies to double-stranded DNA are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are thought to contribute to disease flares and tissue inflammation such as nephritis. Notwithstanding their clinical importance, major questions remain about the development and regulation of these pathogenic anti-DNA responses. These include the mechanisms that prevent anti-DNA responses in healthy subjects, despite the constant generation of self-DNA and the abundance of DNA-reactive B cells; the nature and physical form of antigenic DNA in SLE; the regulation of DNA availability as an antigen; and potential therapeutic strategies targeting the pathogenic DNA in SLE. This review summarizes current progress in these directions, focusing on the role of secreted DNases in the regulation of antigenic extracellular DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Soni
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Campbell EJ, Clarke AE, Ramsey-Goldman R. Systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-based presentation of renal, neurologic, and hematologic emergencies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2018; 14:803-816. [PMID: 30173578 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2018.1518132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder with systemic manifestations and multiorgan involvement. Although primarily diagnosed, and managed in the outpatient setting, it can occasionally present with life-threatening complications that require rapid assessment and urgent aggressive therapy. Areas covered: In our review, we explore three organ systems that are often affected in SLE, but have the potential to present as medical emergencies; these are the kidney, the central nervous system, and the hematologic system. We take a case-based approach to each clinical scenario, with information given sequentially in order to reflect "real-life" situations where management decisions need to be made with limited information. We review the acute management, pathophysiology, diagnostic approach, and treatment along with a review of the literature, for lupus nephritis presenting as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, acute lupus transverse myelitis, and refractory antiphospholipid syndrome. Expert commentary: At the conclusion of each section, we provide an expert commentary regarding each issue, relating to diagnosis, early management, and current evidence behind treatment recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Campbell
- a Internal Medicine Resident, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada
| | - Ann E Clarke
- b Professor of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, The Arthritis Society Chair in Rheumatic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine , University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada
| | - Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman
- c Solovy Arthritis Research Society Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine/Rheumatology , Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
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