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Liu M, Chen CY, Mandal AK, Chandrashaker V, Evans-Storms RB, Pitner JB, Bocian DF, Holten D, Lindsey JS. Bioconjugatable, PEGylated Hydroporphyrins for Photochemistry and Photomedicine. Narrow-Band, Red-Emitting Chlorins. NEW J CHEM 2016; 40:7721-7740. [PMID: 28154477 DOI: 10.1039/c6nj01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromophores that absorb and emit in the red spectral region (600-700 nm), are water soluble, and bear a bioconjugatable tether are relatively rare yet would fulfill many applications in photochemistry and photomedicine. Here, three molecular designs have been developed wherein stable synthetic chlorins - analogues of chlorophylls - have been tailored with PEG groups for use in aqueous solution. The designs differ with regard to order of the installation (pre/post-formation of the chlorin macrocycle) and position of the PEG groups. Six PEGylated synthetic chlorins (three free bases, three zinc chelates) have been prepared, of which four are equipped with a bioconjugatable (carboxylic acid) tether. The most effective design for aqueous solubilization entails facial encumbrance where PEG groups project above and below the plane of the hydrophobic disk-like chlorin macrocycle. The chlorins possess strong absorption at ~400 nm (B band) and in the red region (Qy band); regardless of wavelength of excitation, emission occurs in the red region. Excitation in the ~400 nm region thus provides an effective Stokes shift of >200 nm. The four bioconjugatable water-soluble chlorins exhibit Qy absorption/emission in water at 613/614, 636/638, 698/700 and 706/710 nm. The spectral properties are essentially unchanged in DMF and water for the facially encumbered chlorins, which also exhibit narrow Qy absorption and emission bands (full-width-at-half maximum of each <25 nm). The water-solubility was assessed by absorption spectroscopy over the concentration range ~0.4 μM - 0.4 mM. One chlorin was conjugated to a mouse polyclonal IgG antibody for use in flow cytometry with compensation beads for proof-of-principle. The conjugate displayed a sharp signal when excited by a violet laser (405 nm) with emission in the 620-660 nm range. Taken together, the designs described herein augur well for development of a set of spectrally distinct chlorins with relatively sharp bands in the red region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Chih-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
| | - Amit Kumar Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | | | | | | | - David F Bocian
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0403
| | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130-4889
| | - Jonathan S Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204
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Sgarlata C, Raymond KN. Untangling the Diverse Interior and Multiple Exterior Guest Interactions of a Supramolecular Host by the Simultaneous Analysis of Complementary Observables. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6923-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Sgarlata
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kenneth N. Raymond
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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Mandal AK, Sahin T, Liu M, Lindsey JS, Bocian DF, Holten D. Photophysical comparisons of PEGylated porphyrins, chlorins and bacteriochlorins in water. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj02091g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of a bioconjugatable water-soluble (PEGylated) trans-AB-porphyrin enables photophysical comparisons (τS, kf, kic, kisc, Φf, Φic, Φisc) with analogous chlorins and bacteriochlorins in DMF and water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tuba Sahin
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Mengran Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | | | | | - Dewey Holten
- Department of Chemistry
- Washington University
- St. Louis
- USA
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Sgarlata C, Mugridge JS, Pluth MD, Tiedemann BEF, Zito V, Arena G, Raymond KN. External and Internal Guest Binding of a Highly Charged Supramolecular Host in Water: Deconvoluting the Very Different Thermodynamics. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 132:1005-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9056739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Sgarlata
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Jeffrey S. Mugridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Michael D. Pluth
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Bryan E. F. Tiedemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Zito
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Arena
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Kenneth N. Raymond
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley and Chemical Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, CNR, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy, and Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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