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Sheng PZ, Li LL, Ni ZB, Wei K, Yang YR. Enantioselective Total Synthesis of the Cephalotaxus Alkaloid (-)-Cephalotine A. Org Lett 2023; 25:7459-7463. [PMID: 37578250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Cephalotine A, a recently isolated Cephalotaxus alkaloid, was first synthesized enantioselectively through three critical reactions. SmI2 -mediated radical cyclization of lactone and aldehyde to forge the final ring system, Chang's iridium-catalyzed C-H amidation to construct pyrrolidone stereoselectively, and Carreria's dual Ir/amine catalyzed allylation to install the vicinal tertiary stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Zhen Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lu-Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yu-Rong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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2
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Zhang J, Dai H, Ding H, Fan Y, Chen H, Jing M. Concise Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine. HETEROCYCLES 2023. [DOI: 10.3987/com-22-14774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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3
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Liu J, Zhang J, Fan Y, Ding H, Liu T, Li S, Jiang M, Liu L. Construction of azaspirocyclic skeletons mediated by the carbonyl of the Weinreb amide: formal total synthesis of (±)-cephalotaxine. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:1879-1882. [PMID: 35166743 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02304g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A facile Stevens rearrangement of the Weinreb amide and the subsequent key steps mediated by the carbonyl of the Weinreb amide led to the construction of azaspirocyclic skeletons of some typical alkaloids. And the formal total synthesis of (±)-cephalotaxine was completed via a shorter synthetic route by this efficient method. Further studies on the development and asymmetric synthesis application of this strategy are underway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality for TCM of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yuxue Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Huili Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Tianfu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Minghua Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Lu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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4
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Sakai T, Okumura C, Futamura M, Noda N, Nagae A, Kitamoto C, Kamiya M, Mori Y. Gold(I)-Catalyzed Cyclization-3-Aza-Cope-Mannich Cascade and Its Application to the Synthesis of Cephalotaxine. Org Lett 2021; 23:4391-4395. [PMID: 33983750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c01323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of a new gold(I)-catalyzed cascade reaction involving cyclization onto a vinylammonium, 3-aza-Cope rearrangement, and Mannich cyclization is reported. A variety of fused nitrogen heterocycles were prepared from simple cyclic tertiary amines using 1-5 mol % of a AuCl(PPh3)/Ag[C5(CN)5] cocatalyst system. The developed reaction was used in a study aimed at synthesizing cephalotaxine. A five-step operation from norhydrastinine provided demethylcephalotaxinone in 39.1% overall yield, which was transformed to (-)-cephalotaxine in two steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Sakai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Chise Okumura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Futamura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Naotaka Noda
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Akari Nagae
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kitamoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Madoka Kamiya
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
| | - Yuji Mori
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, 150 Yagotoyama, Tempaku-ku, Nagoya 468-8503, Japan
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5
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Ma KL, Dong SH, Li HY, Wei WJ, Tu YQ, Gao K. Cytochalasins from Xylaria sp. CFL5, an Endophytic Fungus of Cephalotaxus fortunei. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:87-98. [PMID: 33146865 PMCID: PMC7933320 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00279-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three previously undescribed cytochalasins, named xylariasins A‒C (1‒3), together with six known ones (4‒9) were isolated from Xylaria sp. CFL5, an endophytic fungus of Cephalotaxus fortunei. The chemical structures of all new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analyses and electronic circular dichroism calculation, as well as optical rotation calculation. Biological activities of compounds 1, 4‒9 were evaluated, including cytotoxic, LAG3/MHC II binding inhibition and LAG3/FGL1 binding inhibition activities. Compounds 6 and 9 possessed cytotoxicity against AGS cells at 5 μM, with inhibition rates of 94% and 64%, respectively. In addition, all tested isolates, except compound 6, exhibited obvious inhibitory activity against the interaction of both LAG3/MHC II and LAG3/FGL1. Compounds 1, 5, 7, and 8 inhibited LAG3/MHC II with IC50 values ranging from 2.37 to 4.74 μM. Meanwhile, the IC50 values of compounds 1, 7, and 8 against LAG3/FGL1 were 11.78, 4.39, and 7.45 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Hui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang-Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Jun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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6
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7
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Rossi-Ashton JA, Clarke AK, Taylor RJK, Unsworth WP. Modular Synthesis of Polycyclic Alkaloid Scaffolds via an Enantioselective Dearomative Cascade. Org Lett 2020; 22:1175-1181. [PMID: 31940208 PMCID: PMC7145359 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The polycyclic core of the akuammiline
alkaloids can be synthesized
from simple tryptamine and tryptophol derivatives via a Ag(I)-catalyzed
enantioselective dearomative cyclization cascade sequence. The complex
tetracyclic scaffolds are prepared via a rapid, versatile, three-step
modular synthesis from simple commercially available indole derivatives
in high yields and enantiomeric excess (up to 99% yield and >99% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aimee K Clarke
- Department of Chemistry , University of York , York , YO10 5DD , U.K
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8
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Guerrero-Caicedo A, Soto-Martínez DM, Osorio DA, Novoa M, Loaiza AE, Jaramillo-Gómez LM. Synthesis of 1-Azaspiro[4.4]nonane Derivatives Enabled by Domino Radical Bicyclization Involving Formation and Capture of Alkoxyaminyl Radicals. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:21100-21114. [PMID: 31867503 PMCID: PMC6921261 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of a domino radical bicyclization for the synthesis of compounds containing the 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane skeleton in 11-67% yields as a mixture of diastereomers is described (trans configuration preference). This process involved formation and capture of alkoxyaminyl radicals. For this purpose, O-benzyl oxime ethers with a brominated or iodinated aromatic ring or a terminal alkynyl group and an alkenyl moiety were employed as starting materials. The bicyclization was initiated by 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile or triethylborane and promoted by Bu3SnH. The best results were obtained with O-benzyl oxime ethers containing an alkenyl moiety tethered to electron withdrawing groups or aryl substituents, whereas oxime radical precursor attached to methyl-substituted olefin precluded the capture of alkoxyaminyl radical, giving rise mainly to monocyclized product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana M. Soto-Martínez
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia
| | - David A. Osorio
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia
| | - Muskendol Novoa
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia
| | - Alix E. Loaiza
- Department
of Chemistry, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Cra 7 No 40-62, Edificio Carlos
Ortiz 52, Bogotá D. C. 110231561, Colombia
| | - Luz M. Jaramillo-Gómez
- Department
of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Calle 13 # 100-00, Cali 760032, Colombia
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9
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Ju X, Beaudry CM. Total Synthesis of (−)‐Cephalotaxine and (−)‐Homoharringtonine via Furan Oxidation–Transannular Mannich Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201902174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ju
- Department of Chemistry Oregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
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10
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Ju X, Beaudry CM. Total Synthesis of (−)‐Cephalotaxine and (−)‐Homoharringtonine via Furan Oxidation–Transannular Mannich Cyclization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:6752-6755. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201902174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Ju
- Department of Chemistry Oregon State University 153 Gilbert Hall Corvallis OR 97331 USA
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11
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Cheng JT, Zheng X, Huang PQ. Construction of multifunctional heterocycles bearing aza-quaternary carbons by titanocene-catalyzed umpolung reactions. Tetrahedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2018.11.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Zhang ZW, Wang CC, Xue H, Dong Y, Yang JH, Liu S, Liu WQ, Li WDZ. Asymmetric Formal Synthesis of (−)-Cephalotaxine via Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Tsuji Allylation. Org Lett 2018; 20:1050-1053. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b04008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Cui-Cui Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xue
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Yu Dong
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Shouxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Qing Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Z. Li
- School
of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P. R. China
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13
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Han J, Kitagawa O, Wzorek A, Klika KD, Soloshonok VA. The self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE): a menace or an opportunity? Chem Sci 2018; 9:1718-1739. [PMID: 29675218 PMCID: PMC5892310 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc05138g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report on the well-documented, yet not widely known, phenomenon of the self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE): the spontaneous fractionation of scalemic material into enantioenriched and -depleted fractions when any physicochemical process is applied.
Herein we report on the well-documented, yet not widely known, phenomenon of the self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE): the spontaneous fractionation of scalemic material into enantioenriched and -depleted fractions when any physicochemical process is applied. The SDE has implications ranging from the origins of prebiotic homochirality to unconventional enantiopurification methods, though the risks of altering the enantiomeric excess (ee) unintentionally, regrettably, remain greatly unappreciated. While recrystallization is well known as an SDE process, occurrences of the SDE in other processes are much less recognized, e.g. sublimation and even distillation. But the most common process that many workers seem to be completely ignorant of is SDE via chromatography and reports have included all manner of structures, all types of interactions, and all forms of chromatography, including GC. The SDE can be either a blessing – as a means to obtain enantiopure samples from scalemates – or a curse, as unwitting alteration of the ee leads to errors in the reporting of results and/or misinterpretation of the system under study. Thus the ramifications of the SDE are relevant to any area involving chirality – natural products, asymmetric synthesis, etc. Moreover, there is grave concern regarding errors in the literature, in addition to the possible occurrence of valid results which may have been overlooked and thus remain unreported, as well as the potential for the SDE to alter the ee, particularly via chromatography, and the following concepts will be conveyed: (1) the SDE occurs under totally achiral conditions of (a) precipitation, (b) centrifugation, (c) evaporation, (d) distillation, (e) crystallization, (f) sublimation, and (g) achiral chromatography (e.g. column, flash, MPLC, HPLC, SEC, GC, etc.). (2) The SDE cannot be controlled simply by experimental accuracy and ignorance of the SDE unavoidably leads to mistakes in the recorded and reported stereochemical outcome of enantioselective transformations. (3) The magnitude of the SDE (the difference between the extremes of enantioenrichment and -depletion) can be controlled and used to: (a) minimize mistakes in the recorded experimental values and (b) to develop unconventional and preparatively superior methods for enantiopurification. (4) The magnitude of the SDE cannot be predicted but can be expected for compounds possessing SDE-phoric groups or which have a general tendency for strong hydrogen or halogen bonds or dipole–dipole or aromatic π–π interactions. (5) An SDE test and the rigorous reporting and description of applied physicochemical processes should become part of standard experimental practice to prevent the erroneous reporting of the stereochemical outcome of enantioselective catalytic reactions and the chirooptical properties of scalemates. New directions in the study of the SDE, including halogen bonding-based interactions and novel, unconventional enantiopurification methods such as pseudo-SDE (chiral selector-assisted SDE resolution of racemates), are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlin Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry , Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials , Nanjing University , 210093 Nanjing , China .
| | - Osamu Kitagawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry , Shibaura Institute of Technology , 3-7-5 Toyosu, Kohto-ku , Tokyo 135-8548 , Japan
| | - Alicja Wzorek
- Institute of Chemistry , Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce , Świętokrzyska 15G , 25-406 Kielce , Poland.,Department of Organic Chemistry I , Faculty of Chemistry , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3 , 20018 San Sebastián , Spain .
| | - Karel D Klika
- Molecular Structure Analysis , German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) , Im Neuenheimer Feld 280 , D-69009 Heidelberg , Germany .
| | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I , Faculty of Chemistry , University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU , Paseo Manuel Lardizábal 3 , 20018 San Sebastián , Spain . .,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science , Alameda Urquijo 36-5, Plaza, Bizkaia , 48011 Bilbao , Spain
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14
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Nair AG, McBurney RT, Gatus MRD, Binding SC, Messerle BA. Gold(III) NHC Complexes for Catalyzing Dihydroalkoxylation and Hydroamination Reactions. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12067-12075. [PMID: 28933838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A gold(III) complex of an N-heterocyclic carbene based hemilabile ligand with two pendant pyrazole arms (1,3-bis((1H-pyrazol-3-yl)methyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazole, LH) was synthesized. Complex [LAu(III)Cl3] is an excellent catalyst for promoting dihydroalkoxylation at room temperature, even catalyzing this reaction at 0 °C. [LAu(III)Cl3] is one of the most efficient catalysts reported to date for the spirocyclization of alkynyl diols. Furthermore, [LAu(III)Cl3] catalyzed intra- and intermolecular hydroamination reactions, achieving good to excellent conversions. [LAu(III)Cl3] is a more efficient catalyst than a gold(I) analogue, [LAu(I)Cl]. The dependence of the quantity of weakly coordinating anion [BArF4]- ((3,5-trifluoromethyl)phenyl borate) present on catalysis efficiency was probed for the dihydroalkoxylation reaction. X-ray diffraction analysis of single crystals demonstrated the solid-state structure of gold complexes [LAu(III)Cl3] and [LAu(I)Cl], which displayed the expected square-planar and linear coordination geometries, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin G Nair
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Roy T McBurney
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Mark R D Gatus
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Samantha C Binding
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
| | - Barbara A Messerle
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney 2109, Australia
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15
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Pérard-Viret J, Quteishat L, Alsalim R, Royer J, Dumas F. Cephalotaxus Alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2017; 78:205-352. [PMID: 28838429 PMCID: PMC7110560 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cephalotaxus alkaloids represent a family of plant secondary metabolites known for 60 years. Significant activity against leukemia in mice was demonstrated for extracts of Cephalotaxus. Cephalotaxine (CET) (1), the major alkaloid of this series was isolated from Cephalotaxus drupacea species by Paudler in 1963. The subsequent discovery of promising antitumor activity among new Cephalotaxus derivatives reported by Chinese, Japanese, and American teams triggered extensive structure elucidation and biological studies in this family. The structural feature of this cephalotaxane family relies mainly on its tetracyclic alkaloid backbone, which comprises an azaspiranic 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane unit (rings C and D) and a benzazepine ring system (rings A and B), which is linked by its C3 alcohol function to a chiral oxygenated side chain by a carboxylic function alpha to a tetrasubstituted carbon center. The botanical distribution of these alkaloids is limited to the Cephalotaxus genus (Cephalotaxaceae). The scope of biological activities of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids is mainly centered on the antileukemic activity of homoharringtonine (HHT) (2), which in particular demonstrated marked benefits in the treatment of orphan myeloid leukemia and was approved as soon as 2009 by European Medicine Agency and by US Food and Drug Administration in 2012. Its exact mechanism of action was partly elucidated and it was early recognized that HHT (2) inhibited protein synthesis at the level of the ribosome machinery. Interestingly, after a latency period of two decades, the topic of Cephalotaxus alkaloids reemerged as a prolific source of new natural structures. To date, more than 70 compounds have been identified and characterized. Synthetic studies also regained attention during the past two decades, and numerous methodologies were developed to access the first semisynthetic HHT (2) of high purity suitable for clinical studies, and then high grade enantiomerically pure CET (1), HHT (2), and analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joëlle Pérard-Viret
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Laith Quteishat
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Rana Alsalim
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jacques Royer
- Université Paris Descartes, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Françoise Dumas
- Université Paris Sud, CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France
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16
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Ma XY, An XT, Zhao XH, Du JY, Deng YH, Zhang XZ, Fan CA. Au-Catalyzed [2 + 3] Annulation of Enamides with Propargyl Esters: Total Synthesis of Cephalotaxine and Cephalezomine H. Org Lett 2017; 19:2965-2968. [PMID: 28514154 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel Au-catalyzed [2 + 3] annulation reaction of enamides with propargyl esters has been developed, providing a new method for expeditious assembly of synthetically useful functionalized 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane building blocks. Based on this key annulation, strategic installation of the pivotal azaspirocyclic core, followed by constructing the benzazepine unit via Witkop cyclization, led to the divergent total syntheses of cephalotaxine and cephalezomine H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xian-Tao An
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xian-He Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China.,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University , Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Yu-Hua Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiang-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chun-An Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University , 222 Tianshui Nanlu, Lanzhou 730000, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) , Tianjin 300071, China
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17
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Li Y, Li J, Ding H, Li A. Recent advances on the total synthesis of alkaloids in mainland China. Natl Sci Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwx050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are a large family of natural products that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms. Because of their intriguing structures and important functions, they have long been popular targets for synthetic organic chemists. China's chemists have made significant progress in the area of alkaloid synthesis over past decades. In this article, selected total syntheses of alkaloids from research groups in mainland China during the period 2011–16 are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hanfeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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Abstract
This review collects the major progress in the field of enantioselective transformations promoted by chiral silver catalysts, covering the literature since 2008, well illustrating the power of these especially mild Lewis acid catalysts to provide novel asymmetric reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Pellissier
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS , Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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19
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Organocatalytic, Asymmetric [2+2+2] Annulation to Construct Six-Membered Spirocyclic Oxindoles with Six Continuous Stereogenic Centers. Catalysts 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/catal6050065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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20
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Gouthami P, Chegondi R, Chandrasekhar S. Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine and Congeners via Aryne Insertion Reaction. Org Lett 2016; 18:2044-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pashikanti Gouthami
- Division of Natural Products
Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Rambabu Chegondi
- Division of Natural Products
Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - Srivari Chandrasekhar
- Division of Natural Products
Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
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21
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Dou QY, Tu YQ, Zhang Y, Tian JM, Zhang FM, Wang SH. Spiro-Pyrrolidine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Conjugate Addition of Hydroxylamine to Enals and 2,4-Dienals. Adv Synth Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201501025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Kaya U, Chauhan P, Hack D, Deckers K, Puttreddy R, Rissanen K, Enders D. Enantioselective synthesis of 4H-pyranonaphthoquinones via sequential squaramide and silver catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1669-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc09592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An enantioselective Michael addition/hydroalkoxylation reaction between 2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinones and alkyne-tethered nitroalkenes catalysed by a cinchona-derived squaramide/silver(i) salt has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uğur Kaya
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Daniel Hack
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
| | - Rakesh Puttreddy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jyväskylä
- 40014 Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Jyväskylä
- 40014 Jyväskylä
- Finland
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University
- 52074 Aachen
- Germany
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23
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Liu WX, Chen SK, Tian JM, Tu YQ, Wang SH, Zhang FM. A Triazole Organocatalyst with Spiropyrrolidine Framework and its Application to the Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Nitromethane to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201500582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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Nitroso-ene cyclization enabled access to 1-azaspiro[4.4]nonane and its application in a modular synthesis toward (±)-cephalotaxine. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Liu H, Yu J, Li X, Yan R, Xiao JC, Hong R. Stereoselectivity in N-Iminium Ion Cyclization: Development of an Efficient Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine. Org Lett 2015; 17:4444-7. [PMID: 26332648 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A stereoselective N-iminium ion cyclization with allylsilane to construct vicinal quaternary-tertiary carbon centers was developed for the concise synthesis of (±)-cephalotaxine. The current strategy features a TiCl4-promoted cyclization and ring-closure metathesis to furnish the spiro-ring system. The stereochemical outcome in the N-acyliminium ion cyclization was rationalized by the stereoelectronic effect of the Z- or E-allylsilane. Two diastereomers arising from the cyclization were merged into the formal synthesis of (±)-cephalotaxine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jing Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ji-Chang Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ran Hong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances and ‡CAS Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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26
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Tian JM, Yuan YH, Tu YQ, Zhang FM, Zhang XB, Zhang SH, Wang SH, Zhang XM. The design of a spiro-pyrrolidine organocatalyst and its application to catalytic asymmetric Michael addition for the construction of all-carbon quaternary centers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9979-82. [PMID: 25998622 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc02765a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A novel chiral spiro-pyrrolidine silyl ether organocatalyst has been designed. Its catalytic asymmetric effect is demonstrated by the Michael addition reaction, which affords the desired products with an all-carbon quaternary center in up to 99% ee and 87% yield. Furthermore, the reaction process has been investigated via in situ NMR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Miao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China.
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27
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Abstract
Silver is a less expensive noble metal. Superior alkynophilicity due to π-coordination with the carbon-carbon triple bond makes silver salts ideal catalysts for alkyne-based organic reactions. This review highlights the progress in alkyne chemistry via silver catalysis primarily over the past five years (ca. 2010-2014). The discussion is developed in terms of the bond type formed with the acetylenic carbon (i.e., C-C, C-N, C-O, C-Halo, C-P and C-B). Compared with other coinage metals such as Au and Cu, silver catalysis is frequently observed to be unique. This critical review clearly indicates that silver catalysis provides a significant impetus to the rapid evolution of alkyne-based organic reactions, such as alkynylation, hydrofunctionalization, cycloaddition, cycloisomerization, and cascade reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guichun Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
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28
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Kim H, Kim G. Cyclization of Allenamides to Benzazepine Skeleton through Pd Catalysis. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtaek Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences; Chungnam National University; Daejon 305-764 Republic of Korea
| | - Guncheol Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences; Chungnam National University; Daejon 305-764 Republic of Korea
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29
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Hack D, Chauhan P, Deckers K, Mizutani Y, Raabe G, Enders D. Combining silver- and organocatalysis: an enantioselective sequential catalytic approach towards pyrano-annulated pyrazoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:2266-9. [PMID: 25564304 PMCID: PMC4611987 DOI: 10.1039/c4cc09495f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot asymmetric Michael addition/hydroalkoxylation sequence, catalyzed by a sequential catalytic system consisting of a squaramide and a silver salt, provides a new series of chiral pyrano-annulated pyrazole derivatives in excellent yields (up to 95%) and high enantioselectivities (up to 97% ee).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hack
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany .
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany .
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany .
| | - Yusuke Mizutani
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) , Ikoma , Japan
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany .
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1 , 52074 Aachen , Germany .
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30
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Zhu DY, Zhang Z, Mou XQ, Tu YQ, Zhang FM, Peng JB, Wang SH, Zhang SY. Gold(I)/Copper(II)-Cocatalyzed Tandem Cyclization/Semipinacol Reaction: Construction of 6-Aza/Oxa-Spiro[4.5]decane Skeletons and Formal Synthesis of (±)-Halichlorine. Adv Synth Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Ring Expansions of Activated Aziridines and Azetidines. TOPICS IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/7081_2015_159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Quteishat L, Panossian A, Le Bideau F, Alsalim R, Retailleau P, Troufflard C, Rose E, Dumas F. An unexpected pentacarbonyl chromium complexation of a cyano group of the ABC core of cephalotaxine. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2014.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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33
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Hack D, Chauhan P, Deckers K, Hermann GN, Mertens L, Raabe G, Enders D. Combining silver catalysis and organocatalysis: a sequential Michael addition/hydroalkoxylation one-pot approach to annulated coumarins. Org Lett 2014; 16:5188-91. [PMID: 25250728 PMCID: PMC4608575 DOI: 10.1021/ol502551u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A highly stereoselective one-pot procedure for the synthesis of five-membered annulated hydroxycoumarins has been developed. By merging primary amine catalysis with silver catalysis, a series of functionalized coumarin derivatives were obtained in good yields (up to 91%) and good to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee) via a Michael addition/hydroalkoxylation reaction. Depending on the substituents on the enynone, the synthesis of annulated six-membered rings is also feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hack
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Pankaj Chauhan
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristina Deckers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gary N. Hermann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lucas Mertens
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Raabe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Dieter Enders
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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34
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Yang M, Wang T, Cao S, He Z. Phosphine-catalyzed [4+1] annulation of 1,3-(aza)dienes with maleimides: highly efficient construction of azaspiro[4.4]nonenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:13506-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc05624h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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35
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Son KH, Min JY, Kim G. Benzazepine Ring Formation via an Intramolecular Heck Reaction: Synthetic Application to Chilenine. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2014. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2014.35.4.985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Hata K, Arichi N, Yamaoka Y, Yamada KI, Takemoto Y, Takasu K. Equilibration of the [2+2] Cycloaddition of Silyl Enol Ethers Catalyzed by Ethylaluminium Dichloride: Diastereoselectivity Switch in the Synthesis of Fused Cyclobutanes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201402042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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37
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Pankova AS, Kuznetsov MA. Synthesis and thermal transformations of spiro-fused N-phthalimidoaziridines. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Abstract
Over the past few decades, the semipinacol rearrangement has been widely applied in the field of organic synthesis. However, its catalytic asymmetric version has not caught much attention until the beginning of the 21st century. Significant breakthroughs have been made due to the efforts of organic chemists. These important progressions are summarized in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Hua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P R China
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39
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Shao H, Zhang XM, Wang SH, Zhang FM, Tu YQ, Yang C. Propargylic cation-induced intermolecular electrophilic addition–semipinacol rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5691-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49650c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A novel propargylic electrophile-induced tandem intermolecular addition–semipinacol rearrangement was developed for the synthesis of a series of synthetically useful β-propargyl spirocyclic ketones. Its synthetic application was demonstrated by efficient construction of the key tricyclic moiety of daphlongamine E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Fu-Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry & College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Lanzhou University
- Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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40
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Rizzo A, Harutyunyan SR. Azabicycles construction: the transannular ring contraction with N-protected nucleophiles. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6570-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01311e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic strategies are one of the most critical factors for the success of a synthetic campaign, but most importantly they are crucial for the economy and the efficiency of the sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Rizzo
- University of Groningen
- Stratingh Institute
- Groningen, Netherlands
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41
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Kapadia N, Harding W. Facile synthesis of 4,5,6a,7-tetrahydrodibenzo[de,g]chromene heterocycles and their transformation to phenanthrene alkaloids. Tetrahedron 2013; 69:10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.095. [PMID: 24187388 PMCID: PMC3810968 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxa-Pictet-Spengler cyclization and microwave-assisted C-H arylation have been implemented as key steps in the synthesis of new isochroman heterocycles containing a 4,5,6a,7-tetrahydrodibenzo[de,g]chromene motif. These isochromans may be easily transformed to phenanthrene alkaloids via acidic cleavage of the isochroman ring and standard synthetic manipulations thereafter. The route described is attractive in that it provides access to two biologically interesting scaffolds in simple and high yielding synthetic steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirav Kapadia
- Hunter College, Chemistry Department, City University of New York 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wayne Harding
- Hunter College, Chemistry Department, City University of New York 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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42
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Xiao KJ, Luo JM, Xia XE, Wang Y, Huang PQ. General One-Pot Reductivegem-Bis-Alkylation of Tertiary Lactams/Amides: Rapid Construction of 1-Azaspirocycles and Formal Total Synthesis of (±)-Cephalotaxine. Chemistry 2013; 19:13075-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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43
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Chen DF, Wu PY, Gong LZ. Rhodium/Chiral Urea Relay Catalysis Enables an Enantioselective Semipinacol Rearrangement/Michael Addition Cascade. Org Lett 2013; 15:3958-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ol4017386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dian-Feng Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Pei-Yu Wu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Liu-Zhu Gong
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
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44
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Zeng X. Recent Advances in Catalytic Sequential Reactions Involving Hydroelement Addition to Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds. Chem Rev 2013; 113:6864-900. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400082n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zeng
- Center for
Organic Chemistry, Frontier Institute of
Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, P. R. China
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45
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Zhuang M, Du H. Asymmetric rearrangement of racemic epoxides catalyzed by chiral Brønsted acids. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1460-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ob27285k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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46
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Zhang QW, Zhang XB, Li BS, Xiang K, Zhang FM, Wang SH, Tu YQ. Catalytic intermolecular carbon electrophile induced semipinacol rearrangement. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:1648-50. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc38585f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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47
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48
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Zhang ZW, Zhang XF, Feng J, Yang YH, Wang CC, Feng JC, Liu S. Formal synthesis of cephalotaxine. J Org Chem 2012; 78:786-90. [PMID: 23214930 DOI: 10.1021/jo302608a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A formal synthesis of cephalotaxine, the parent member of the Cephalotaxus alkaloids, was achieved. It features a practical four-step assembly of the benzazepine-bearing pentacyclic ring system through two alkylation reactions, acidic hydrolysis, and aldolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, College of Chemical & Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science & Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China.
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49
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Chen ZH, Tian JM, Chen ZM, Tu YQ. Total Synthesis of (±)-Parvineostemonine. Chem Asian J 2012; 7:2199-202. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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