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Kamiya Y, Lao S, Ariyoshi J, Sato F, Asanuma H. Unexpectedly stable homopurine parallel triplex of SNA:RNA*SNA and L- aTNA:RNA*L- aTNA. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1257-1260. [PMID: 38175608 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05555h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Homopurine strands are known to form antiparallel triplexes stabilized by G*G and A*A Hoogsteen pairs, which have two hydrogen bonds. But there has been no report on the parallel triplex formation of homopurine involving both adenosine and guanosine to the duplex. In this paper, we first report parallel triplex formation between a homopurine serinol nucleic acid (SNA) strand and an RNA/SNA duplex. Melting profiles revealed that the parallel SNA:RNA*SNA triplex was remarkably stable, even though the A*A pair has a single hydrogen bond. An L-acyclic threoninol nucleic acid (L-aTNA) homopurine strand also formed a stable parallel triplex with an L-aTNA/RNA duplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kamiya
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
- Institute for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Siyuan Lao
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Jumpei Ariyoshi
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-Ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan.
| | - Fuminori Sato
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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López-Tena M, Farrera-Soler L, Barluenga S, Winssinger N. Pseudo-Complementary G:C Base Pair for Mixed Sequence dsDNA Invasion and Its Applications in Diagnostics (SARS-CoV-2 Detection). JACS AU 2023; 3:449-458. [PMID: 36873687 PMCID: PMC9975836 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Pseudo-complementary oligonucleotides contain artificial nucleobases designed to reduce duplex formation in the pseudo-complementary pair without compromising duplex formation to targeted (complementary) oligomers. The development of a pseudo-complementary A:T base pair, Us:D, was important in achieving dsDNA invasion. Herein, we report pseudo-complementary analogues of the G:C base pair leveraged on steric and electrostatic repulsion between the cationic phenoxazine analogue of cytosine (G-clamp, C+) and N-7 methyl guanine (G+), which is also cationic. We show that while complementary peptide nucleic acids (PNA) form a much more stable homoduplex than the PNA:DNA heteroduplex, oligomers based on pseudo-C:G complementary PNA favor PNA:DNA hybridization. We show that this enables dsDNA invasion at physiological salt concentration and that stable invasion complexes are obtained with low equivalents of PNAs (2-4 equiv). We harnessed the high yield of dsDNA invasion for the detection of RT-RPA amplicon using a lateral flow assay (LFA) and showed that two strains of SARS-CoV-2 can be discriminated owing to single nucleotide resolution.
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Sato F, Kamiya Y, Asanuma H. Syntheses of Base-Labile Pseudo-Complementary SNA and l- aTNA Phosphoramidite Monomers. J Org Chem 2023; 88:796-804. [PMID: 36608022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously synthesized phosphoramidite monomers bearing Boc-protected 2,6-diaminopurine (D) and 2-methyl-4-methoxybenzyl-protected 2-thiouracil (sU) as building blocks for the preparation of pseudo-complementary serinol nucleic acids (SNAs). Since SNA is stable under acidic conditions, an acid-deprotection step could be inserted into the work-up. However, as the 4,4'-dimethoxytrityl group was concurrently removed at this step, purification of SNA by reversed-phase HPLC was difficult. Here, we report the syntheses of SNA and acyclic l-threoninol nucleic acid (l-aTNA) phosphoramidite monomers with bis(phenoxyacetyl)-protected D and 4-acetoxybenzyl-protected sU, both of which can be deprotected under mild basic conditions. Using these monomers, we prepared pseudo-complementary SNA and l-aTNA in high yield using conventional oligonucleotide synthesis protocols. These monomers can be used for large-scale syntheses of SNAs and l-aTNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Sato
- Department of Bimolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kamiya
- Department of Bimolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Department of Bimolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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Madaoui M, Datta D, Wassarman K, Zlatev I, Egli M, Ross BS, Manoharan M. A Chemical Approach to Introduce 2,6-Diaminopurine and 2-Aminoadenine Conjugates into Oligonucleotides without Need for Protecting Groups. Org Lett 2022; 24:6111-6116. [PMID: 35973215 PMCID: PMC9425559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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We report a simple, postsynthetic strategy for synthesis
of oligonucleotides
containing 2,6-diaminopurine nucleotides and 2-aminoadenine conjugates
using 2-fluoro-6-amino-adenosine. The strategy allows introduction
of 2,6-diaminopurine and other 2-amino group-containing ligands. The
strongly electronegative 2-fluoro deactivates 6-NH2 obviating
the need for any protecting group on adenine, and simple aromatic
nucleophilic substitution of fluorine makes reaction with aqueous
NH3 or R-NH2 feasible at the 2-position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimouna Madaoui
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Dhrubajyoti Datta
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Kelly Wassarman
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Ivan Zlatev
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Martin Egli
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Bruce S Ross
- Ross Chemistry Consulting, El Granada, California 94018, United States
| | - Muthiah Manoharan
- Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, 675 West Kendall Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
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Murayama K, Asanuma H. Design and Hybridization Properties of Acyclic Xeno Nucleic Acid Oligomers. Chembiochem 2021; 22:2507-2515. [PMID: 33998765 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Xeno nucleic acids (XNAs) are analogues of DNA and RNA that have a non-ribose artificial scaffold. XNAs are possible prebiotic genetic carriers as well as alternative genetic systems in artificial life. In addition, XNA oligomers can be used as biological tools. Acyclic XNAs, which do not have cyclic scaffolds, are attractive due to facile their synthesis and remarkably high nuclease resistance. To maximize the performance of XNAs, a negatively charged backbone is preferable to provide sufficient water solubility; however, acyclic XNAs containing polyanionic backbones suffer from high entropy cost upon duplex formation, because of the high flexibility of the acyclic nature. Herein, we review the relationships between the structure and duplex hybridization properties of various acyclic XNA oligomers with polyanion backbones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Murayama
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Asanuma
- Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan
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Intrastrand backbone-nucleobase interactions stabilize unwound right-handed helical structures of heteroduplexes of L-aTNA/RNA and SNA/RNA. Commun Chem 2020; 3:156. [PMID: 36703369 PMCID: PMC9814321 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Xeno nucleic acids, which are synthetic analogues of natural nucleic acids, have potential for use in nucleic acid drugs and as orthogonal genetic biopolymers and prebiotic precursors. Although few acyclic nucleic acids can stably bind to RNA and DNA, serinol nucleic acid (SNA) and L-threoninol nucleic acid (L-aTNA) stably bind to them. Here we disclose crystal structures of RNA hybridizing with SNA and with L-aTNA. The heteroduplexes show unwound right-handed helical structures. Unlike canonical A-type duplexes, the base pairs in the heteroduplexes align perpendicularly to the helical axes, and consequently helical pitches are large. The unwound helical structures originate from interactions between nucleobases and neighbouring backbones of L-aTNA and SNA through CH-O bonds. In addition, SNA and L-aTNA form a triplex structure via C:G*G parallel Hoogsteen interactions with RNA. The unique structural features of the RNA-recognizing mode of L-aTNA and SNA should prove useful in nanotechnology, biotechnology, and basic research into prebiotic chemistry.
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