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Vijayakumar A, Manod M, Krishna RB, Mathew A, Mohan C. Diversely functionalized isoquinolines and their core-embedded heterocyclic frameworks: a privileged scaffold for medicinal chemistry. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2509-2534. [PMID: 38107174 PMCID: PMC10718595 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoquinoline-enrooted organic small-molecules represent a challenging molecular target in the organic synthesis arsenal attributed to their structural diversity and therapeutic importance. Into the bargain, isoquinolines are significant structural frameworks in modern medicinal chemistry and drug development. Consequently, synthetic organic and medicinal chemists have been intensely interested in efficient synthetic tactics for the sustainable construction of isoquinoline frameworks and their derivatives in enantiopure or racemic forms. This review accentuates an overview of the literature on the modern synthetic approaches exploited in synthesising isoquinolines and their core embedded heterocyclic skeletons from 2021 to 2022. In detail, the methodologies and inspected pharmacological studies for the array of diversely functionalized isoquinolines or their core-embedded heterocyclic/carbocyclic structures involving the introduction of substituents at C-1, C-3, and C-4 carbon and N-2 atom, bond constructions at the C1-N2 atom and C3-N2 atom, and structural scaffolding within isoquinoline compounds have been reviewed. This intensive study highlights the need for and relevance of relatively unexplored bioisosterism employing isoquinoline-based small-molecules in drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Vijayakumar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - M Manod
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - R Bharath Krishna
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
| | - Abra Mathew
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad Kerala 678577 India
| | - Chithra Mohan
- School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University Kottayam 686560 India
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2
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Tang Y, Duan J, Yang B, He Y, Du C, Zhang X. Visible-light-promoted organic-dye-catalyzed sulfonylation/cyclization to access indolo[2,1- a]isoquinoline derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8152-8161. [PMID: 37781749 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01289a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
An efficient visible-light-promoted organic-dye-catalyzed radical cascade cyclization was developed for the rapid synthesis of sulfonyl-substituted indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines and benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones. Using the economical and environmentally benign Eosin B as the photocatalyst, a wide range of indolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline derivatives were obtained in moderate to good yields. Mechanistic studies indicate that a sulfonyl radical pathway is involved in this reaction. Compared with previous works, this protocol has the advantages of being metal- and base-free, using visible light as a traceless energy source, simple operation and mild reaction conditions, all of which make this methodology more attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Tang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Jinglin Duan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Biyu Yang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Yupeng He
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Changyuan Du
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Engineering Technology Research Center of Key Preparation Technology of Biomedical Polymer Materials, Changde 415000, China.
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3
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Ding R, Li L, Yu YT, Zhang B, Wang PL. Photoredox-Catalyzed Synthesis of 3-Sulfonylated Pyrrolin-2-ones via a Regioselective Tandem Sulfonylation Cyclization of 1,5-Dienes. Molecules 2023; 28:5473. [PMID: 37513345 PMCID: PMC10386375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
A mild, visible-light-induced, regioselective cascade sulfonylation-cyclization of 1,5-dienes with sulfonyl chlorides through the intermolecular radical addition/cyclization of alkenes C(sp2)-H was developed. This procedure proceeds well and affords a mild and efficient route to a range of monosulfonylated pyrrolin-2-ones at room temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Ding
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Ya-Ting Yu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Bengbu 233100, China
| | - Pei-Long Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
- Information College, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
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4
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Lighting Up the Organochalcogen Synthesis: A Concise Update of Recent Photocatalyzed Approaches. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes the recent advances in photocatalyzed reactions to form new carbon–sulfur and carbon–selenium bonds. With a total of 136 references, of which 81 articles are presented, the authors introduce in five sections an updated picture of the state of the art in the light-promoted synthesis of organochalcogen compounds (from 2019 to present). The light-promoted synthesis of sulfides by direct sulfenylation of C–C π-bonds; synthesis of sulfones; the activation of Csp2–N bond in the formation of Csp2–S bonds; synthesis of thiol ester, thioether and thioacetal; and the synthesis of organoselenium compounds are discussed, with detailed reaction conditions and selected examples for each protocol.
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Yu WQ, Xiong BQ, Zhong LJ, Liu Y. Visible-light-promoted radical cascade alkylation/cyclization: access to alkylated indolo/benzoimidazo[2,1- a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-ones. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:9659-9671. [PMID: 36416184 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01732f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new protocol is herein described for the direct generation of alkylated indolo/benzoimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-one derivatives by using Hantzsch esters as alkylation radical precursors using a photoredox/K2S2O8 system. This oxidative alkylation of active alkenes involves a radical cascade cyclization process and a sequence of Hantzsch ester single electron oxidation, C-C bond cleavage, alkylation, arylation and oxidative deprotonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qin Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China.
| | - Bi-Quan Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China.
| | - Long-Jin Zhong
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China.
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Upreti GC, Singh T, Ranjan S, Gupta RK, Singh A. Visible-Light-Mediated Three-Component Cascade Sulfonylative Annulation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:29728-29733. [PMID: 36061680 PMCID: PMC9434776 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Visible-light-promoted cascade radical cyclization for the synthesis of sulfonylated benzimidazo/indolo[2,1-a]iso-quinolin-6(5H)-ones has been reported. The reaction provides transition-metal-free and expeditious access to sulfonylated polyaromatics. The use of sodium metabisulfite as a SO2 surrogate and the rapid generation of molecular complexity using a three-component photochemical protocol are the salient features of this reaction manifold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Chandra Upreti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Tavinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Sudhir Ranjan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Raju Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
| | - Anand Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh 208016, India
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pan Y, Xu J, Zhang H, Hao R, Shen Z, Huang W. The Synthesis of 5,6‐dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1‐a]isoquinoline Derivatives via Metal‐free Radical Cascade Pathway. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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8
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Li J, Mei L, Cai X, Zhang C, Cao T, Huang X, Liu Y, Wei W. Transition‐Metal‐Free Radical Cyclization of 2‐Arylbenzoimidazoles with Unactivated Alkanes
via
C(
sp
3
)−H Functionalizations in Aqueous Media. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202200272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiao‐Zhe Li
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Mei
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue‐Er Cai
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Can‐Can Zhang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Ting‐Ting Cao
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Xun‐Jie Huang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi‐Lin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Preparation Technology of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Material Huaihua University Huaihua Hunan 418008 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Ting Wei
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo University Ningbo Zhejiang 315211 People's Republic of China
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Qin B, Huang S, Chen JQ, Xiao W, Wu J. Metal-free synthesis of sulfonylated indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines from sulfur dioxide. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00487a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Access to sulfonylated indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines through an efficient three-component reaction of 2-aryl-N-acryloyl indoles, sulfur dioxide and aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborates is developed. This transformation is performed under metal-free and mild conditions by using...
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Kang QQ, Zhang WK, Ge GP, Zheng H, Wei WT. The construction of benzimidazo[2,1- a]isoquinolin-6(5 H)-ones from N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzoimidazoles through radical strategies. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:8874-8885. [PMID: 34610071 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-one constitutes a structurally unique class of tetracyclic N-heterocycles that are found throughout a myriad of biologically active natural products, pharmaceutical compounds, and functional materials. Various synthetic routes for the preparation of benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones have been reported. In particular, the use of N-methacryloyl-2-phenylbenzoimidazoles to construct benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones through various radical strategies have attracted widespread attention due to the versatility and simple preparation of raw materials, as well as the step-economy and mild reaction conditions. Using representative examples, we highlight significant progress in the synthesis of benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones, including the selection of the catalytic system, substrate scope, mechanistic understanding, and applications. The contents of this review focus on the development of C-, S-, P-, and Si-centered radical addition-intramolecular cyclization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Kang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Wei-Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Guo-Ping Ge
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
| | - Hongxing Zheng
- Institution of Functional Organic Molecules and Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Wen-Ting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Mass Spectrometry and Molecular Analysis of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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