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Naz R, Saqib F, Awadallah S, Wahid M, Latif MF, Iqbal I, Mubarak MS. Food Polyphenols and Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Pharmacology and Mechanisms. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103996. [PMID: 37241737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II diabetes mellitus and its related complications are growing public health problems. Many natural products present in our diet, including polyphenols, can be used in treating and managing type II diabetes mellitus and different diseases, owing to their numerous biological properties. Anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, hesperidin, hesperetin, naringenin, and phenolic acids are common polyphenols found in blueberries, chokeberries, sea-buckthorn, mulberries, turmeric, citrus fruits, and cereals. These compounds exhibit antidiabetic effects through different pathways. Accordingly, this review presents an overview of the most recent developments in using food polyphenols for managing and treating type II diabetes mellitus, along with various mechanisms. In addition, the present work summarizes the literature about the anti-diabetic effect of food polyphenols and evaluates their potential as complementary or alternative medicines to treat type II diabetes mellitus. Results obtained from this survey show that anthocyanins, flavonols, stilbenes, curcuminoids, and phenolic acids can manage diabetes mellitus by protecting pancreatic β-cells against glucose toxicity, promoting β-cell proliferation, reducing β-cell apoptosis, and inhibiting α-glucosidases or α-amylase. In addition, these phenolic compounds exhibit antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities, modulate carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, optimize oxidative stress, reduce insulin resistance, and stimulate the pancreas to secrete insulin. They also activate insulin signaling and inhibit digestive enzymes, regulate intestinal microbiota, improve adipose tissue metabolism, inhibit glucose absorption, and inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products. However, insufficient data are available on the effective mechanisms necessary to manage diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Naz
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Saqib
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Samir Awadallah
- Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Muqeet Wahid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farhaj Latif
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Iram Iqbal
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
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Lu YY, Fang M, Du ZY, Wang JL, Song JY, Jiang Y, Guo XY, Tu PF. Comparative study on the main active components of Baoyuan decoction in plasma and urine of normal and heart failure rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 36:e5294. [PMID: 34875722 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The global morbidity and mortality of heart failure has been increasing in recent years. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was increasingly used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Baoyuan decoction (BYD) was a famous classical prescription in China. Modern pharmacological studies showed that it had obvious therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases, but its pathological pharmacokinetic studies were unclear. In this research, the absorption of 16 bioactive components in plasma and the excretion of 9 representative components in urine of control rats and isoproterenol (ISO)-induced heart failure rats were studied using the large-volume direct-injection LC-MS method established by our research group. The results indicated that flavonoid constituents exhibited quicker absorption and elimination than saponin constituents after oral administration of BYD. The half-life period of some bioactive compounds in the model group was increased, which contributed to the longer therapeutic effect. The cumulative excretion rate of major flavonoid components of BYD decreased significantly in the ISO-induced heart failure rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yuan Lu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Fang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Du
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Long Wang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Yang Song
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Guo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
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An engraved surface induces weak adherence and high proliferation of nonadherent cells and microorganisms during culture. Biotechniques 2020; 69:113-125. [PMID: 32527143 DOI: 10.2144/btn-2020-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
When cells are cultured in a Petri dish, the adherent cells attach to the bottom of the dish; whereas, the nonadherent cells float in the culture medium. It was observed that nonadherent cells could be induced to adherent-like cells when cultured in an engraved plastic dish (biosimulator). The adherence of these cells to the engraved surface could be prevented with inhibitors specific for adhesion. It was also observed that culturing microorganisms of the environment in a biosimulator induced weak adhesion and high proliferation. Analysis of the microbiome using 16S rRNA profiling demonstrated that the biosimulator was more efficient in inducing proliferation of several phyla of microorganisms compared with culture by conventional techniques.
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An HPLC-MS/MS method for quantitation of trelagliptin and application in a comparative pharmacokinetic study. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:1755-1765. [PMID: 31648536 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2018-0238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: A sensitive HPLC-MS/MS approach was established to quantify trelagliptin and explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats for up to 7 days. Meanwhile, the pharmacokinetic differences of trelagliptin were investigated for the first time. Results/methodology: The ion pairs of m/z 358.2→341.2 for trelagliptin and m/z 340.3→116.1 for alogliptin (internal standard) were detected in positive mode. Trelagliptin displayed a good linearity in the range of 4-4000 ng/ml (r2 = 0.9997) with a mean recovery rate of 86.9-94.1%. Discussion/conclusion: Compared with normal groups, the T1/2, apparent volume of distribution, area under the curve and bioavailability in model rats were significantly increased while the apparent plasma clearance decreased. The approach is proved to be straightforward and appropriate for quantitation of trelagliptin and application in pharmacokinetics studies.
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Lagraoui M, Sukumar G, Latoche JR, Maynard SK, Dalgard CL, Schaefer BC. Salsalate treatment following traumatic brain injury reduces inflammation and promotes a neuroprotective and neurogenic transcriptional response with concomitant functional recovery. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 61:96-109. [PMID: 27939247 PMCID: PMC5316369 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI induces rapid activation of astrocytes and microglia, infiltration of peripheral leukocytes, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. In the context of modest or severe TBI, such inflammation contributes to tissue destruction and permanent brain damage. However, it is clear that the inflammatory response is also necessary to promote post-injury healing. To date, anti-inflammatory therapies, including the broad class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), have met with little success in treatment of TBI, perhaps because these drugs have inhibited both the tissue-damaging and repair-promoting aspects of the inflammatory response, or because inhibition of inflammation alone is insufficient to yield therapeutic benefit. Salsalate is an unacetylated salicylate with long history of use in limiting inflammation. This drug is known to block activation of NF-κB, and recent data suggest that salsalate has a number of additional biological activities, which may also contribute to its efficacy in treatment of human disease. Here, we show that salsalate potently blocks pro-inflammatory gene expression and nitrite secretion by microglia in vitro. Using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model in mice, we find that salsalate has a broad anti-inflammatory effect on in vivo TBI-induced gene expression, when administered post-injury. Interestingly, salsalate also elevates expression of genes associated with neuroprotection and neurogenesis, including the neuropeptides, oxytocin and thyrotropin releasing hormone. Histological analysis reveals salsalate-dependent decreases in numbers and activation-associated morphological changes in microglia/macrophages, proximal to the injury site. Flow cytometry data show that salsalate changes the kinetics of CCI-induced accumulation of various populations of CD11b-positive myeloid cells in the injured brain. Behavioral assays demonstrate that salsalate treatment promotes significant recovery of function following CCI. These pre-clinical data suggest that salsalate may show promise as a TBI therapy with a multifactorial mechanism of action to enhance functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Lagraoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gauthaman Sukumar
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joseph R Latoche
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sean K Maynard
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Genetics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Brian C Schaefer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Review of Pharmacokinetic Data of Different Drug Classes in Goto-Kakizaki Rats, a Non-obese Model for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Case Studies and Perspectives. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 42:173-182. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Vinayagam R, Jayachandran M, Xu B. Antidiabetic Effects of Simple Phenolic Acids: A Comprehensive Review. Phytother Res 2015; 30:184-99. [PMID: 26634804 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major public health threat across the globe. Current antidiabetic therapies are based on synthetic drugs that very often have side effects. It has been widely acknowledged that diet plays an important role in the management of diabetes. Phenolic acids are widely found in daily foods such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, and wine and they provide biological, medicinal, and health properties. Simple phenolic acids have been shown to increase glucose uptake and glycogen synthesis, improve glucose and lipid profiles of certain diseases (obesity, cardiovascular diseases, DM, and its complication). The current review is an attempt to list out the antidiabetic effects of simple phenolic acids from medicinal plants and botanical foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Vinayagam
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
| | - Muthukumaran Jayachandran
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519085, China
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Sajjadi P, Khodayar MJ, Sharif Makhmalzadeh B, Rezaee S. Percutaneous absorption of salicylic Acid after administration of trolamine salicylate cream in rats with transcutol(®) and eucalyptus oil pre-treated skin. Adv Pharm Bull 2013; 3:295-301. [PMID: 24312851 PMCID: PMC3848229 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2013.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to assess the effect of skin pre-treatment with Transcutol(®) and eucalyptus oil on systemic absorption of topical trolamine salicylate in rat. METHODS Pharmacokinetic parameters of salicylic acid following administration of trolamine salicylate on rat skin pre-treated with either Transcutol(®) or eucalyptus oil were determined using both non-compartmental and non-linear mixed effect modeling approaches and compared with those of control group. RESULTS Median (% of interquartile range/median) of salicylic acid AUC0-8hr (ng/mL/hr) values in Transcutol(®) or eucalyptus oil treated rats were 2522(139%) and 58976(141%), respectively as compared to the 3023(327%) of the control group. Skin pre-treatment with eucalyptus oil could significantly decrease extravascular volume of distribution (V/F) and elimination rate constant (k) of salicylic acid. CONCLUSION Unlike Transcutol(®), eucalyptus oil lead to enhanced transdermal absorption of trolamine salicylate through rat skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paniz Sajjadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Khodayar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Rezaee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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