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Yuan Y, He Q, Zhang S, Li M, Tang Z, Zhu X, Jiao Z, Cai W, Xiang X. Application of Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Preclinical Studies: A Feasible Strategy to Practice the Principles of 3Rs. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:895556. [PMID: 35645843 PMCID: PMC9133488 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.895556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic characterization plays a vital role in drug discovery and development. Although involving numerous laboratory animals with error-prone, labor-intensive, and time-consuming procedures, pharmacokinetic profiling is still irreplaceable in preclinical studies. With physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling, the in vivo profiles of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion can be predicted. To evaluate the application of such an approach in preclinical investigations, the plasma pharmacokinetic profiles of seven commonly used probe substrates of microsomal enzymes, including phenacetin, tolbutamide, omeprazole, metoprolol, chlorzoxazone, nifedipine, and baicalein, were predicted in rats using bottom-up PBPK models built with in vitro data alone. The prediction's reliability was assessed by comparison with in vivo pharmacokinetic data reported in the literature. The overall predicted accuracy of PBPK models was good with most fold errors within 2, and the coefficient of determination (R2) between the predicted concentration data and the observed ones was more than 0.8. Moreover, most of the observation dots were within the prediction span of the sensitivity analysis. We conclude that PBPK modeling with acceptable accuracy may be incorporated into preclinical studies to refine in vivo investigations, and PBPK modeling is a feasible strategy to practice the principles of 3Rs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Yuan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng He
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shunguo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijia Tang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weimin Cai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xiang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lee JH, Lee YJ, Oh E. Pharmacokinetics of drugs in mutant Nagase analbuminemic rats and responses to select diuretics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 66:2-13. [PMID: 24151919 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To report (1) the pharmacokinetics of drugs that are mainly metabolized via hepatic cytochrome P450s (CYPs) or mainly excreted via the urine and bile, (2) the mechanism for the urinary excretion of drugs (such as glomerular filtration or renal active secretion or re-absorption), and (3) the diuretic effect of some loop diuretics in mutant Nagase analbuminaemic rats (NARs), an animal model for human familial analbuminaemia based on the pharmacokinetics of drugs reported in the literatures. KEY FINDINGS In NARs, the changes in the time-averaged non-renal clearances (CL(NR)s) of drugs that are mainly metabolized via CYPs were explained in terms of changes in the hepatic intrinsic clearance (mainly because of changes in CYPs), free (unbound) fractions of drugs in the plasma (fp) and hepatic blood-flow rate (QH) depending on the hepatic excretion ratios of drugs. SUMMARY The CL(NR) changes of drugs mainly metabolized via hepatic CYPs can be sufficiently explained by the three earlier mentioned factors. The plasma albumin (furosemide) or globulin (azosemide, bumetanide and torasemide) binding affects their diuretic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Hyun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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YANG SIHYUNG, CHOI HYEONGYEOM, LIM SOOJEONG, LEE MYUNGGULL, KIM SOHEE. Effects of morin on the pharmacokinetics of etoposide in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Oncol Rep 2012; 29:1215-23. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.2201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Hayashi H, Taniai E, Morita R, Hayashi M, Nakamura D, Wakita A, Suzuki K, Shibutani M, Mitsumori K. Enhanced liver tumor promotion but not liver initiation activity in rats subjected to combined administration of omeprazole and β-naphthoflavone. J Toxicol Sci 2012; 37:969-85. [PMID: 23038005 DOI: 10.2131/jts.37.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Omeprazole (OPZ) and β-naphthoflavone (BNF) are cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A inducers and have liver tumor promoting effects. In this study, we investigated the co-promoting and co-initiating effects of OPZ and BNF in rats. In Experiment 1, male rats were subjected to partial hepatectomy (PH), and given oral doses of 138 or 276 mg/kg OPZ, 0.125% or 0.25% BNF or 138 mg/kg OPZ+0.125% BNF (n = 9~12) for 6 weeks after N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation. In Experiment 2, male rats were treated with oral doses of 138 or 276 mg/kg OPZ, 0.03% or 0.06% BNF or 138 mg/kg OPZ+0.03% BNF (n = 11~12) for 9 days starting 1 week before initiating treatment. As an initiating treatment, 2-Amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinolone (MeIQx) was orally administered 12 hr after PH. The rats were fed a basal diet for 15 days, followed by a diet containing 0.015% 2-acetylaminofluorene for the next 10 days with a single oral dose of carbon tetrachloride. In Experiment 1, the number and area of glutathione S-transferase placental form-positive foci in the OPZ+BNF group were significantly higher than the average values of the High OPZ or the High BNF group. The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and COX-2 protein in the liver significantly increased in the OPZ+BNF group. In Experiment 2, liver initiation activity was not enhanced by the co-administration of OPZ+BNF. The results of our studies suggest that the co-administration of OPZ and BNF results in synergistic effects in the liver tumor promotion probably owing to increased COX-2 expression, but no modifying effect in the liver initiation activity of MeIQx in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Hayashi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
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Lee U, Choi YH, Kim SH, Lee BK. Pharmacokinetics of itraconazole in diabetic rats. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54:931-3. [PMID: 19995926 PMCID: PMC2812152 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01145-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Revised: 09/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
After intravenous or oral administration of 10 mg/kg itraconazole to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and to control rats, the total area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time 0 to 24 h (AUC0-24) for itraconazole and that for its metabolite, 7-hydroxyitraconazole, were similar between the two groups of rats. This may be explained by the comparable hepatic and intestinal intrinsic clearance rates for the disappearance of itraconazole and the formation of 7-hydroxyitraconazole in both groups of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Unji Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, South Korea, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea, Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Kangnung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung Daehangno, Gangneung, Kyunggi-Do 210-702, South Korea
| | - Young H. Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, South Korea, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea, Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Kangnung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung Daehangno, Gangneung, Kyunggi-Do 210-702, South Korea
| | - So H. Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, South Korea, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea, Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Kangnung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung Daehangno, Gangneung, Kyunggi-Do 210-702, South Korea
| | - Byung K. Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1, Daehyun-Dong, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 120-750, South Korea, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea, Department of Pharmacology, College of Dentistry and Research Institute of Oral Science, Kangnung-Wonju National University, 120, Gangneung Daehangno, Gangneung, Kyunggi-Do 210-702, South Korea
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