1
|
Weber J, Sati SK, Karody VR. Unilateral Lung Agenesis: A Case Series and Review of Literature. AJP Rep 2023; 13:e40-e43. [PMID: 37457372 PMCID: PMC10348820 DOI: 10.1055/a-2107-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Unilateral lung agenesis is a rare congenital abnormality that typically presents with respiratory distress after birth. Prognostic factors include the side of the lung affected along with the presence or absence of other congenital abnormalities. Prenatal imaging can make the diagnosis that can assist the healthcare team in preparing to care for the neonate, as well as set expectations for the family. In this case series, we describe three cases of unilateral lung agenesis, two infants with right lung agenesis, and one with the left. We describe their presentation, provide a brief clinical course, and discuss outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Weber
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sunil Kumar Sati
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Vijender Rao Karody
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Aslamzai M, Mukhlis AH, Hakimi T, Froogh BA. Left lung aplasia with patent ductus arteriosus in a term newborn baby: a case report. Oxf Med Case Reports 2023; 2023:omac149. [PMID: 36694600 PMCID: PMC9853925 DOI: 10.1093/omcr/omac149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary aplasia is a very rare congenital anomaly identified by the absence of lung parenchyma or vessels. This malformation mostly accompanies other anomalies, and chest computed tomography (CT) is a useful diagnostic tool. We present a rare case of left lung aplasia with patent ductus arteriosus and neonatal sepsis in a term newborn baby who had respiratory distress. The clinical features were observed during the first week of life, and the diagnosis of these anomalies was established by clinical, laboratory, chest x-ray, thoracic CT and echocardiographic findings. After the management of neonatal sepsis and patent ductus arteriosus, he was discharged from the hospital in good condition. Since the index case of lung aplasia was associated with congenital heart disease and had strong parental consanguinity, a genetic basis may have been involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary aplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Aslamzai
- Correspondence address. Professor at the Department of Neonatology, Maiwand Teaching Hospital, KUMS,1001, 1st district, Kabul, Afghanistan. Tel: 093788449693; E-mail:
| | - Abdul Hakim Mukhlis
- Department of Neonatology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Turyalai Hakimi
- Department of Pediatrics Surgery, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| | - Basir Ahmad Froogh
- Department of Neonatology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berlin K, Cabacungan E, Hopp A, Jarzembowski J, Karody V. Post-intubation Respiratory Failure in an Infant with Multiple Congenital Anomalies. Neoreviews 2022; 23:e589-e594. [PMID: 35909110 DOI: 10.1542/neo.23-8-e589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Berlin
- Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Erwin Cabacungan
- Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Amanda Hopp
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | | | - Vijender Karody
- Division of Neonatology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pimenta DA, Aguiar FL, Fernandes BC, Rolo R. Late diagnosis of pulmonary agenesis. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e245233. [PMID: 34706915 PMCID: PMC8552127 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-245233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary agenesis is defined as the complete absence of one or both lungs, including the bronchi, bronchioles, vasculature and lung parenchyma. Most of these malformations are detected in early childhood. A residual number remains asymptomatic and undiagnosed until adulthood. The clinical presentation is wide, ranging from asymptomatic to respiratory complaints like dyspnoea, respiratory distress and a history of recurrent lung infections. This case presents a 54-year-old woman with complaints of coughing, dyspnoea for medium exertion and wheezing for a couple of months. Based on the results of complementary diagnosis methods, right pulmonary agenesis was diagnosed without other malformations. Simultaneously, an asthma diagnosis was also performed. The treatment of pulmonary agenesis is symptomatic. Simultaneous cardiovascular malformations could require surgical interventions. This case demonstrates that pulmonary agenesis may remain undiagnosed, be identified incidentally, and have a good and long prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rui Rolo
- Pneumology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Raja Mamat TA, Sayuti KA, Nadarajan C, Mohd Zain MR. Unilateral opaque chest radiograph in paediatrics: A case series. SA J Radiol 2021; 25:2164. [PMID: 34522433 PMCID: PMC8424740 DOI: 10.4102/sajr.v25i1.2164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary underdevelopment is a rare congenital disease which manifests as persistent hemithorax opacification at chest radiography. We present three patients with different types of pulmonary underdevelopment, their imaging features and associated anomalies. Case 1 is a premature neonate with persistent respiratory distress. Further imaging confirmed right pulmonary hypoplasia, associated with a patent foramen ovale, patent ductus arteriosus and vertebral anomalies. Case 2 is a 6-year-old child with corrected anorectal malformation, and recurrent pneumonia. Further imaging confirmed left pulmonary aplasia, associated with an aberrant right subclavian artery and vertebral anomaly. Case 3 is a full term neonate who developed excessive drooling of saliva and respiratory distress. Further imaging confirmed right pulmonary agenesis, associated with an atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus and tracheo-oesophageal fistula. Pulmonary underdevelopment is classified into three types: hypoplasia, aplasia and agenesis. The majority of them have associated anomalies. This condition should be considered a differential diagnosis in paediatric patients with an opaque hemithorax on chest radiography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tengku A Raja Mamat
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Radiology, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Keria, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Khairil A Sayuti
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Radiology, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Keria, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Chandran Nadarajan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Radiology, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Keria, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd R Mohd Zain
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Department of Paediatrics, Hospital University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Schooler GR, Restrepo R, Mas RP, Lee EY. Congenital Incidental Findings in Children that Can Be Mistaken as True Pathologies in Adults. Radiol Clin North Am 2020; 58:639-652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
7
|
Kalamdani P, Manerkar S, Bhisikar S, Mondkar J. Case 2: Severe Respiratory Distress at Birth: A Rare Cause. Neoreviews 2019; 20:e524-e526. [PMID: 31477601 DOI: 10.1542/neo.20-9-e524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Kalamdani
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Swati Manerkar
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Swapnil Bhisikar
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Jayashree Mondkar
- Lokmanya Tilak Municipal Medical College and General Hospital, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|