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Church SJ, Pulianmackal AJ, Dixon JA, Loftus LV, Amend SR, Pienta K, Cackowski FC, Buttitta LA. Oncogenic signaling in the adult Drosophila prostate-like accessory gland leads to activation of a conserved pro-tumorigenic program, in the absence of proliferation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.10.593549. [PMID: 38853988 PMCID: PMC11160766 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.593549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Drosophila models for tumorigenesis and metastasis have revealed conserved mechanisms of signaling that are also involved in mammalian cancer. Many of these models use the proliferating tissues of the larval stages of Drosophila development, when tissues are highly mitotically active, or stem cells are abundant. Fewer Drosophila tumorigenesis models use adult animals to initiate tumor formation when many tissues are largely terminally differentiated and postmitotic. The Drosophila accessory glands are prostate-like tissues and a model for some aspects of prostate tumorigenesis using this tissue has been explored. In this model, oncogenic signaling was induced during the proliferative stage of accessory gland development, raising the question of how oncogenic activity would impact the terminally differentiated and postmitotic adult tissue. Here, we show that oncogenic signaling in the adult Drosophila accessory gland leads to activation of a conserved pro-tumorigenic program, similar to that observed in mitotic larval tissues, but in the absence of proliferation. Oncogenic signaling in the adult postmitotic gland leads to tissue hyperplasia with nuclear anaplasia and aneuploidy through endoreduplication, which increases polyploidy and occasionally results in non-mitotic neoplastic-like extrusions. We compare gene expression changes in our Drosophila model with that of endocycling prostate cancer cells induced by chemotherapy, which potentially mediate tumor recurrence after treatment. Similar signaling pathways are activated in the Drosophila gland and endocycling cancer cells, suggesting the adult accessory glands provide a useful model for aspects of prostate cancer progression that do not involve cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Jaimian Church
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Ajai J. Pulianmackal
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Joseph A. Dixon
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Luke V. Loftus
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sarah R. Amend
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kenneth Pienta
- Cancer Ecology Center, The Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Frank C. Cackowski
- Karmanos Cancer Institute and Wayne State University Department of Oncology, Detroit, MI
| | - Laura A. Buttitta
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
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2
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Simonin JL, Tomba C, Mercier V, Bacchetta M, Idris T, Badaoui M, Roux A, Chanson M. Apical dehydration impairs the cystic fibrosis airway epithelium barrier via a β1-integrin/YAP1 pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302449. [PMID: 38336456 PMCID: PMC10858171 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective hydration of airway surface mucosa is associated with lung infection in cystic fibrosis (CF), partly caused by disruption of the epithelial barrier integrity. Although rehydration of the CF airway surface liquid (ASL) alleviates epithelium vulnerability to infection by junctional protein expression, the mechanisms linking ASL to barrier integrity are unknown. We show here the strong degradation of YAP1 and TAZ proteins in well-polarized CF human airway epithelial cells (HAECs), a process that was prevented by ASL rehydration. Conditional silencing of YAP1 in rehydrated CF HAECs indicated that YAP1 expression was necessary for the maintenance of junctional complexes. A higher plasma membrane tension in CF HAECs reduced endocytosis, concurrent with the maintenance of active β1-integrin ectopically located at the apical membrane. Pharmacological inhibition of β1-integrin accumulation restored YAP1 expression in CF HAECs. These results indicate that dehydration of the CF ASL affects epithelial plasma membrane tension, resulting in ectopic activation of a β1-integrin/YAP1 signaling pathway associated with degradation of junctional proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette L Simonin
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Tomba
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Bacchetta
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Tahir Idris
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Badaoui
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Roux
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marc Chanson
- https://ror.org/01swzsf04 Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
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3
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Kluge V, Kappelmann-Fenzl M, Fischer S, Zimmermann T, Pommer M, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Alternative Wnt-signaling axis leads to a break of oncogene-induced senescence. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:166. [PMID: 38388496 PMCID: PMC10883971 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06550-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is an important process that suppresses tumor development, but the molecular mechanisms of OIS are still under investigation. It is known that BRAFV600E-mutated melanocytes can overcome OIS and develop melanoma, but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Using an established OIS model of primary melanocytes transduced with BRAFV600E, YAP activity was shown to be induced in OIS as well as in melanoma cells compared to that in normal epidermal melanocytes. This led to the assumption that YAP activation itself is not a factor involved in the disruption of OIS. However, its role and interaction partners potentially change. As Wnt molecules are known to be important in melanoma progression, these molecules were the focus of subsequent studies. Interestingly, activation of Wnt signaling using AMBMP resulted in a disruption of OIS in BRAFV600E-transduced melanocytes. Furthermore, depletion of Wnt6, Wnt10b or β-catenin expression in melanoma cells resulted in the induction of senescence. Given that melanoma cells do not exhibit canonical Wnt/β-catenin activity, alternative β-catenin signaling pathways may disrupt OIS. Here, we discovered that β-catenin is an interaction partner of YAP on DNA in melanoma cells. Furthermore, the β-catenin-YAP interaction changed the gene expression pattern from senescence-stabilizing genes to tumor-supportive genes. This switch is caused by transcriptional coactivation via the LEF1/TEAD interaction. The target genes with binding sites for LEF1 and TEAD are involved in rRNA processing and are associated with poor prognosis in melanoma patients. This study revealed that an alternative YAP-Wnt signaling axis is an essential molecular mechanism leading to OIS disruption in melanocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Kluge
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melanie Kappelmann-Fenzl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Faculty of Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Dieter-Görlitz-Platz 1, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Fischer
- Faculty of Computer Science, Deggendorf Institute of Technology, Dieter-Görlitz-Platz 1, 94469, Deggendorf, Germany
| | - Tom Zimmermann
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michaela Pommer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Silke Kuphal
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anja-Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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4
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Bitard J, Grellier EK, Lourdel S, Filipe HP, Hamon A, Fenaille F, Castelli FA, Chu-Van E, Roger JE, Locker M, Perron M. Uveitic glaucoma-like features in Yap conditional knockout mice. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:48. [PMID: 38272861 PMCID: PMC10811226 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01791-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive and irreversible degeneration of the optic nerve and retinal ganglion cells. Despite medical advances aiming at slowing degeneration, around 40% of treated glaucomatous patients will undergo vision loss. It is thus of utmost importance to have a better understanding of the disease and to investigate more deeply its early causes. The transcriptional coactivator YAP, an important regulator of eye homeostasis, has recently drawn attention in the glaucoma research field. Here we show that Yap conditional knockout mice (Yap cKO), in which the deletion of Yap is induced in both Müller glia (i.e. the only retinal YAP-expressing cells) and the non-pigmented epithelial cells of the ciliary body, exhibit a breakdown of the aqueous-blood barrier, accompanied by a progressive collapse of the ciliary body. A similar phenotype is observed in human samples that we obtained from patients presenting with uveitis. In addition, aged Yap cKO mice harbor glaucoma-like features, including deregulation of key homeostatic Müller-derived proteins, retinal vascular defects, optic nerve degeneration and retinal ganglion cell death. Finally, transcriptomic analysis of Yap cKO retinas pointed to early-deregulated genes involved in extracellular matrix organization potentially underlying the onset and/or progression of the observed phenotype. Together, our findings reveal the essential role of YAP in preserving the integrity of the ciliary body and retinal ganglion cells, thereby preventing the onset of uveitic glaucoma-like features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Bitard
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France.
| | - Elodie-Kim Grellier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Sophie Lourdel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Helena Prior Filipe
- West Lisbon Hospitals Center, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal
- Egas Moniz Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Annaïg Hamon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - François Fenaille
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Florence Anne Castelli
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emeline Chu-Van
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), MetaboHUB, Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Jérôme E Roger
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Morgane Locker
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France
| | - Muriel Perron
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Saclay, France.
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Pattnaik B, Mohanty S, Das SN, Rath R, Bhatta A, Mishra S. Immunohistochemical evaluation of yes-associated protein molecule in the odontogenic epithelium of different histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2024; 28:49-55. [PMID: 38800449 PMCID: PMC11126258 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_215_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ameloblastoma is one of the major odontogenic neoplasms with an invasive and recurrence potential. Its tumourigenesis and proliferative capacity can be attributed to the activation or inactivation of certain molecular signalling pathways. Hippo signalling pathway is known to regulate diverse physiological processes related to mitosis and organ growth and is an emerging tumour suppressor pathway, the dysfunction of which is implicated in various diseases including cancers. Yes-associated protein1 (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors in the Hippo cascade, which on nuclear activation leads to cellular proliferation in various tumours. Aim The current study was undertaken to evaluate the expression of YAP in various histopathological variants of ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma. Materials and Methods Fifty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of histopathologically diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma, and 10 histopathologically diagnosed cases of unicystic ameloblastoma were obtained from the departmental archives to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of YAP both manually and by software analysis. Results More than 90% of cases of conventional ameloblastoma and unicystic ameloblastoma elicited positive expression of YAP. No statistical difference was found among different histopathological variants of conventional ameloblastoma. Significant difference between the means of all four quantitative score groups was observed. Conclusion In view of the modulating effect of YAP in tumourigenesis and its higher expression in ameloblastoma, further exploration of this molecule appears to be a promising area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bodhiswata Pattnaik
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SCB Government Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sweta Mohanty
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Surya Narayan Das
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SCB Government Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Rachna Rath
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SCB Government Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Archana Bhatta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SCB Government Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sourav Mishra
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SCB Government Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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6
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Novoseletskaya ES, Evdokimov PV, Efimenko AY. Extracellular matrix-induced signaling pathways in mesenchymal stem/stromal cells. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:244. [PMID: 37726815 PMCID: PMC10507829 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial component of the stem cell microenvironment, or stem-cell niches, and contributes to the regulation of cell behavior and fate. Accumulating evidence indicates that different types of stem cells possess a large variety of molecules responsible for interactions with the ECM, mediating specific epigenetic rearrangements and corresponding changes in transcriptome profile. Signals from the ECM are crucial at all stages of ontogenesis, including embryonic and postnatal development, as well as tissue renewal and repair. The ECM could regulate stem cell transition from a quiescent state to readiness to perceive the signals of differentiation induction (competence) and the transition between different stages of differentiation (commitment). Currently, to unveil the complex networks of cellular signaling from the ECM, multiple approaches including screening methods, the analysis of the cell matrixome, and the creation of predictive networks of protein-protein interactions based on experimental data are used. In this review, we consider the existing evidence regarded the contribution of ECM-induced intracellular signaling pathways into the regulation of stem cell differentiation focusing on mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as well-studied type of postnatal stem cells totally depended on signals from ECM. Furthermore, we propose a system biology-based approach for the prediction of ECM-mediated signal transduction pathways in target cells. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sergeevna Novoseletskaya
- Faculty of Biology, Dayun New Town, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, 1 International University Park Road, Dayun New Town, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/10, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Pavel Vladimirovich Evdokimov
- Materials Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Building 73, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, GSP-1, Leninskiye Gory, 1-3, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Yurievna Efimenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Research and Education Center, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/10, 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lomonosov Ave., 27/1, 119991, Moscow, Russia
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7
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Samanta P, Bhowmik A, Biswas S, Sarkar R, Ghosh R, Pakhira S, Mondal M, Sen S, Saha P, Hajra S. Therapeutic Effectiveness of Anticancer Agents Targeting Different Signaling Molecules Involved in Asymmetric Division of Cancer Stem Cell. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023:10.1007/s12015-023-10523-3. [PMID: 36952080 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Intra-tumoral heterogeneity is maintained by cancer stem cells (CSCs) with dysregulated self-renewal and asymmetric cell division (ACD). According to the cancer stem cell theory, by ACD a CSC can generate two daughter progenies with different fates such as one cancer stem cell and one differentiated cell. Therefore, this type of mitotic division supports vital process of the maintenance of CSC population. But this CSC pool reservation by ACD complicates the treatment of cancer patients, as CSCs give rise to aggressive clones which are prone to metastasis and drug-insensitivity. Hence, identification of therapeutic modalities which can target ACD of cancer stem cell is an intriguing part of cancer research. In this review, other than the discussion about the extrinsic inducers of ACD role of different proteins, miRNAs and lncRNAs in this type of cell division is also mentioned. Other than these, mode of action of the proven and potential drugs targeting ACD of CSC is also discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Samanta
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Arijit Bhowmik
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India.
| | - Souradeep Biswas
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Rupali Sarkar
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Rituparna Ghosh
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Shampa Pakhira
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Mrinmoyee Mondal
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Soummadeep Sen
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Prosenjit Saha
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India
| | - Subhadip Hajra
- Department of Cancer Chemoprevention, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute (CNCI), 37, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Rd, Bakul Bagan, Bhowanipore, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700026, India.
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8
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Mechanotransduction in tumor dynamics modeling. Phys Life Rev 2023; 44:279-301. [PMID: 36841159 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotherapy is a groundbreaking approach to impact carcinogenesis. Cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli, translating them into biochemical signals in a process known as mechanotransduction. The impact of stress on tumor growth has been studied in the last three decades, and many papers highlight the role of mechanics as a critical self-inducer of tumor fate at the in vitro and in vivo biological levels. Meanwhile, mathematical models attempt to determine laws to reproduce tumor dynamics. This review discusses biological mechanotransduction mechanisms and mathematical-biomechanical models together. The aim is to provide a common framework for the different approaches that have emerged in the literature from the perspective of tumor avascularity and to provide insight into emerging mechanotherapies that have attracted interest in recent years.
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9
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Zhu H, Xing C, Dou X, Zhao Y, Peng Y, Feng C, Fang Y. Chiral Hydrogel Accelerates Re-Epithelization in Chronic Wounds via Mechanoregulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201032. [PMID: 36052735 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), are a serious clinical problem. It is a challenge for the conventional wound dressings to achieve the desirable therapeutic efficacy due to the lack of biomimetic structural environment for rapid re-epithelization. Inspired by the naturally existing chiral structures in skin, a novel amino acid-based chiral hydrogel dressing is developed, consisting of left-handed or right-handed helical fibers self-assembled by l/d-phenylalanine derivatives. Compared to the levorotatory chiral hydrogel (LH), the dextral chiral hydrogel (DH) shows the ability to enhance cell adhesion, proliferation, and migration, and strongly promotes diabetic wound healing and re-epithelialization with a drug-free mode. Interestingly, the dextral chiral hydrogel is able to actively increase adsorption of type I collagen and promote proliferation and migration of keratinocyte in an integrin and YAP-mediated manner. This study not only provides a novel strategy for treatment of chronic wounds by utilizing dextral chiral hydrogel dressings, but also unveils the molecular mechanism for effect of dextral chiral structures on the promoted proliferation of keratinocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanting Zhu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China.,Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China
| | - Chao Xing
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dou
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yinbo Peng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China.,Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China
| | - Chuanliang Feng
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yong Fang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China.,Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201900, China
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10
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Kumar R, Taylor JC, Jain A, Jung SY, Garza V, Xu Y. Modulation of the extracellular matrix by Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus and importance in cell proliferation. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010894. [PMID: 36191045 PMCID: PMC9560553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus gallolyticus subspecies gallolyticus (Sgg) has a strong clinical association with colorectal cancer (CRC) and actively promotes the development of colon tumors. Previous work showed that this organism stimulates CRC cells proliferation and tumor growth. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities are not well understood. Here, we found that Sgg upregulates the expression of several type of collagens in HT29 and HCT116 cells, with type VI collagen (ColVI) being the highest upregulated type. Knockdown of ColVI abolished the ability of Sgg to induce cell proliferation and reduced the adherence of Sgg to CRC cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an important regulator of cell proliferation. Therefore, we further examined the role of decellularized matrix (dc-matrix), which is free of live bacteria or cells, in Sgg-induced cell proliferation. Dc-matrix prepared from Sgg-treated cells showed a significantly higher pro-proliferative activity than that from untreated cells or cells treated with control bacteria. On the other hand, dc-matrix from Sgg-treated ColVI knockdown cells showed no difference in the capacity to support cell proliferation compared to that from untreated ColVI knockdown cells, suggesting that the ECM by itself is a mediator of Sgg-induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, Sgg treatment of CRC cells but not ColVI knockdown CRC cells resulted in significantly larger tumors in vivo, suggesting that ColVI is important for Sgg to promote tumor growth in vivo. These results highlight a dynamic bidirectional interplay between Sgg and the ECM, where Sgg upregulates collagen expression. The Sgg-modified ECM in turn affects the ability of Sgg to adhere to host cells and more importantly, acts as a mediator for Sgg-induced CRC cell proliferation. Taken together, our results reveal a novel mechanism in which Sgg stimulates CRC proliferation through modulation of the ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritesh Kumar
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Culver Taylor
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Antrix Jain
- MS Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sung Yun Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Victor Garza
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yi Xu
- Center for Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, UT Health, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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11
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THY1-mediated mechanisms converge to drive YAP activation in skin homeostasis and repair. Nat Cell Biol 2022; 24:1049-1063. [PMID: 35798842 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-022-00944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anchored cells of the basal epidermis constantly undergo proliferation in an overcrowded environment. An important regulator of epidermal proliferation is YAP, which can be controlled by both cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Here, we report that THY1, a GPI-anchored protein, inhibits epidermal YAP activity through converging molecular mechanisms. THY1 deficiency leads to increased adhesion by activating the integrin-β1-SRC module. Notably, regardless of high cellular densities, the absence of THY1 leads to the dissociation of an adherens junction complex that enables the release and translocation of YAP. Due to increased YAP-dependent proliferation, Thy1-/- mice display enhanced wound repair and hair follicle regeneration. Taken together, our work reveals THY1 as a crucial regulator of cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions that controls YAP activity in skin homeostasis and regeneration.
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12
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Dubois F, Bazille C, Levallet J, Maille E, Brosseau S, Madelaine J, Bergot E, Zalcman G, Levallet G. Molecular Alterations in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Hope for Effective Treatment by Targeting YAP. Target Oncol 2022; 17:407-431. [PMID: 35906513 PMCID: PMC9345804 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-022-00900-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm, which has primarily been attributed to the exposure to asbestos fibers (83% of cases); yet, despite a ban of using asbestos in many countries, the incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma failed to decline worldwide. While little progress has been made in malignant pleural mesothelioma diagnosis, bevacizumab at first, then followed by double immunotherapy (nivolumab plus ipilumumab), were all shown to improve survival in large phase III randomized trials. The morphological analysis of the histological subtyping remains the primary indicator for therapeutic decision making at an advanced disease stage, while a platinum-based chemotherapy regimen combined with pemetrexed, either with or without bevacizumab, is still the main treatment option. Consequently, malignant pleural mesothelioma still represents a significant health concern owing to poor median survival (12-18 months). Given this context, both diagnosis and therapy improvements require better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant pleural mesothelioma's carcinogenesis and progression. Hence, the Hippo pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma initiation and progression has recently received increasing attention, as the aberrant expression of its core components may be closely related to patient prognosis. The purpose of this review was to provide a critical analysis of our current knowledge on these topics, the main focus being on the available evidence concerning the role of each Hippo pathway's member as a promising biomarker, enabling detection of the disease at earlier stages and thus improving prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatéméh Dubois
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France.,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Céline Bazille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Elodie Maille
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France
| | - Solenn Brosseau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeannick Madelaine
- Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Emmanuel Bergot
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France.,Department of Pulmonology and Thoracic Oncology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Gérard Zalcman
- Department of Thoracic Oncology and CIC1425, Hospital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.,U830 INSERM "Genetics and Biology of Cancers, A.R.T Group", Curie Institute, Paris, France
| | - Guénaëlle Levallet
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, CNRS, ISTCT Unit, Avenue H. Becquerel, 14074, Caen, France. .,Department of Pathology, CHU de Caen, Caen, France. .,Federative Structure of Cyto-Molecular Oncogenetics (SF-MOCAE), CHU de Caen, Caen, France.
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13
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YAP and TAZ: Monocorial and bicorial transcriptional co-activators in human cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188756. [PMID: 35777600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional regulators YAP and TAZ are involved in numerous physiological processes including organ development, growth, immunity and tissue regeneration. YAP and TAZ dysregulation also contribute to tumorigenesis, thereby making them attractive cancer therapeutic targets. Arbitrarily, YAP and TAZ are often considered as a single protein, and are referred to as YAP/TAZ in most studies. However, increasing experimental evidences documented that YAP and TAZ perform both overlapping and distinct functions in several physiological and pathological processes. In addition to regulating distinct processes, YAP and TAZ are also regulated by distinct upstream cues. The aim of the review is to describe the distinct roles of YAP and TAZ focusing particularly on cancer. Therapeutic strategies targeting either YAP and TAZ proteins or only one of them should be carefully evaluated. Selective targeting of YAP or TAZ may in fact impair different pathways and determine diverse clinical outputs.
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14
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Thiemann RF, Varney S, Moskwa N, Lamar J, Larsen M, LaFlamme SE. Regulation of myoepithelial differentiation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0268668. [PMID: 35617216 PMCID: PMC9135247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The salivary gland can be permanently impaired by radiation treatment for head and neck cancers. Efforts at tissue regeneration have focused on saliva-producing acinar cells. However, myoepithelial cells are also critical to gland function, but mechanisms that regulate their differentiation are poorly defined. To study myoepithelial differentiation, we employed mSG-PAC1 murine salivary gland epithelial cells. We demonstrate that mSG-PAC1 spheroids exhibit phenotypic plasticity between pro-acinar and myoepithelial cell fates. Increased expression of pro-acinar/acinar or myoepithelial RNAs was identified from spheroids cultured under different media conditions by microarray followed by gene-set enrichment analysis. Spheroids cultured with different medium components expressed proteins typical of either acinar or myoepithelial cells, as detected by immunocytochemistry. We demonstrate that the pattern of TAZ expression in the epithelial compartment of the differentiating murine salivary gland correlates with the expression of the myoepithelial marker alpha-SMA, as is the case for TAZ expression in mSG-PAC1 spheroids. Our analysis also indicates that YAP/TAZ target genes are upregulated together with myoepithelial markers. Importantly, siRNA targeting of TAZ expression in mSG-PAC1 spheroids diminished the expression of myoepithelial markers. Our results in this in vitro cell model implicate TAZ signaling in myoepithelial differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renee F. Thiemann
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Scott Varney
- Department of Surgery, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Nicholas Moskwa
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - John Lamar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Melinda Larsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, United States of America
| | - Susan E. LaFlamme
- Department of Regenerative and Cancer Cell Biology, Albany Medical College, Albany, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Neinaa YMEH, El-Aziz Mohamed DA, Ali SAEM, Gaballah HH, El-Tatawy RA. YAP1 Expression in Lichen Planus and Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Role in Disease Pathogenesis and Potential Therapeutic Target. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:348-354. [PMID: 35234193 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lichen planus (LP), especially oral type, reported a potential risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Yes-Associated Protein (YAP1), a key component of the Hippo pathway, acts as a transcription cofactor regulating expression of genes involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Therefore, it has been implicated in carcinogenesis of a wide variety of human cancers. OBJECTIVES To study YAP1 expression in LP and SCC in comparison to normal control (NC) specimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 50 NC specimens, 50 LP specimens, and 50 SCC specimens. They were categorized into 2 main groups; cutaneous (25 NC, 25 LP, 25 SCC), and oral (25 NC, 25 LP, 25 SCC). All specimens were examined for YAP1 antibody expression by immunohistochemistry and YAP1 mRNA expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS In both cutaneous and oral groups; significant upregulation of YAP1 expressions was observed in SCC specimens followed by LP and then NC specimens in the same sequence. Its expression in SCC was found to be significantly higher in poorly and moderately differentiated types than well differentiated types. CONCLUSION YAP1 may have a potential role in the pathogenesis of LP and oncogenesis and progression of SCC. Moreover, it could be considered as a novel therapeutic target for such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rania Ahmed El-Tatawy
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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16
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Truong D, Cherradi-Lamhamedi SE, Ludwig JA. Targeting the IGF/PI3K/mTOR Pathway and AXL/YAP1/TAZ pathways in Primary Bone Cancer. J Bone Oncol 2022; 33:100419. [PMID: 35251924 PMCID: PMC8892134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary bone cancers (PBC) belong to the family of mesenchymal tumors classified based on their cellular origin, extracellular matrix, genetic regulation, and epigenetic modification. The three major PBC types, Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma, are frequently aggressive tumors, highly metastatic, and typically occur in children and young adults. Despite their distinct origins and pathogenesis, these sarcoma subtypes rely upon common signaling pathways to promote tumor progression, metastasis, and survival. The IGF/PI3K/mTOR and AXL/YAP/TAZ pathways, in particular, have gained significant attention recently given their ties to oncogenesis, cell fate and differentiation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Naturally, these pathways – and their protein constituents – have caught the eye of the pharmaceutical industry, and a wide array of small molecule inhibitors and antibody drug-conjugates have emerged. Here, we review how the IGF/PI3K/mTOR and AXL/YAP/TAZ pathways promote PBC and highlight the drug candidates under clinical trial investigation.
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17
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Strepkos D, Markouli M, Papavassiliou KA, Papavassiliou AG, Piperi C. Emerging roles for the YAP/TAZ transcriptional regulators in brain tumour pathology and targeting options. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 48:e12762. [PMID: 34409639 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The transcriptional co-activators Yes-associated protein 1/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (YAP/TAZ) have emerged as significant regulators of a wide variety of cellular and organ functions with impact in early embryonic development, especially during the expansion of the neural progenitor cell pool. YAP/TAZ signalling regulates organ size development, tissue homeostasis, wound healing and angiogenesis by participating in a complex network of various pathways. However, recent evidence suggests an association of these physiologic regulatory effects of YAP/TAZ with pro-oncogenic activities. Herein, we discuss the physiological functions of YAP/TAZ as well as the extensive network of signalling pathways that control their expression and activity, leading to brain tumour development and progression. Furthermore, we describe current targeting approaches and drug options including direct YAP/TAZ and YAP-TEA domain transcription factor (TEAD) interaction inhibitors, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) signalling modulators and kinase inhibitors, which may be used to successfully attack YAP/TAZ-dependent tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Strepkos
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Mariam Markouli
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kostas A Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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18
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Savorani C, Malinverno M, Seccia R, Maderna C, Giannotta M, Terreran L, Mastrapasqua E, Campaner S, Dejana E, Giampietro C. A dual role of YAP in driving TGFβ-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:271139. [PMID: 34338295 PMCID: PMC8353525 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.251371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) is the biological process through which endothelial cells transdifferentiate into mesenchymal cells. During embryo development, EndMT regulates endocardial cushion formation via TGFβ/BMP signaling. In adults, EndMT is mainly activated during pathological conditions. Hence, it is necessary to characterize molecular regulators cooperating with TGFβ signaling in driving EndMT, to identify potential novel therapeutic targets to treat these pathologies. Here, we studied YAP, a transcriptional co-regulator involved in several biological processes, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). As EndMT is the endothelial-specific form of EMT, and YAP (herein referring to YAP1) and TGFβ signaling cross-talk in other contexts, we hypothesized that YAP contributes to EndMT by modulating TGFβ signaling. We demonstrate that YAP is required to trigger TGFβ-induced EndMT response, specifically contributing to SMAD3-driven EndMT early gene transcription. We provide novel evidence that YAP acts as SMAD3 transcriptional co-factor and prevents GSK3β-mediated SMAD3 phosphorylation, thus protecting SMAD3 from degradation. YAP is therefore emerging as a possible candidate target to inhibit pathological TGFβ-induced EndMT at early stages. Summary: A new crucial role for YAP as a co-activator of early pathological TGFβ-mediated endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition program and characterization of the underlying molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Savorani
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Matteo Malinverno
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Roberta Seccia
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Claudio Maderna
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Monica Giannotta
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Linda Terreran
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mastrapasqua
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Stefano Campaner
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Dejana
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy.,Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Vascular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 751 85, Sweden
| | - Costanza Giampietro
- Institute of Molecular Oncology (IFOM), The Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro (FIRC) Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan 20139, Italy.,Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Dübendorf 8600, Switzerland.,Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland
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19
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Rapid reprogramming of tumour cells into cancer stem cells on double-network hydrogels. Nat Biomed Eng 2021; 5:914-925. [PMID: 33782572 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-021-00692-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer recurrence can arise owing to rare circulating cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are resistant to chemotherapies and radiotherapies. Here, we show that a double-network hydrogel can rapidly reprogramme differentiated cancer cells into CSCs. Spheroids expressing elevated levels of the stemness genes Sox2, Oct3/4 and Nanog formed within 24 h of seeding the gel with cells from any of six human cancer cell lines or with brain cancer cells resected from patients with glioblastoma. Human brain cancer cells cultured on the double-network hydrogel and intracranially injected in immunodeficient mice led to higher tumorigenicity than brain cancer cells cultured on single-network gels. We also show that the double-network gel induced the phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases, that gel-induced CSCs from primary brain cancer cells were eradicated by an inhibitor of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and that calcium channel receptors and the protein osteopontin were essential for the regulation of gel-mediated induction of stemness in brain cancer cells.
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20
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Influence of Culture Substrates on Morphology and Function of Pulmonary Alveolar Cells In Vitro. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050675. [PMID: 33946440 PMCID: PMC8147120 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell's microenvironment has been shown to exert influence on cell behavior. In particular, matrix-cell interactions strongly impact cell morphology and function. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of different culture substrate materials on phenotype and functional properties of lung epithelial adenocarcinoma (A549) cells. A549 cells were seeded onto two different biocompatible, commercially available substrates: a polyester coverslip (Thermanox™ Coverslips), that was used as cell culture plate control, and a polydimethylsiloxane membrane (PDMS, Elastosil® Film) investigated in this study as alternative material for A549 cells culture. The two substrates influenced cell morphology and the actin cytoskeleton organization. Further, the Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its transcriptional coactivator PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) were translocated to the nucleus in A549 cells cultured on polyester substrate, yet it remained mostly cytosolic in cells on PDMS substrate. By SEM analysis, we observed that cells grown on Elastosil® Film maintained an alveolar Type II cell morphology. Immunofluorescence staining for surfactant-C revealing a high expression of surfactant-C in cells cultured on Elastosil® Film, but not in cells cultured on Thermanox™ Coverslips. A549 cells grown onto Elastosil® Film exhibited morphology and functionality that suggest retainment of alveolar epithelial Type II phenotype, while A549 cells grown onto conventional plastic substrates acquired an alveolar Type I phenotype.
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21
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Deng L, Chen Y, Guo J, Han X, Guo Y. Roles and mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in orthodontic tooth movement. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:7792-7800. [PMID: 33843049 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) are transcriptional coactivators encoded by paratactic homologous genes, shuttle-crossing between cytoplasm and nucleus to regulate the gene expression and cell behavior and standing at the center place of the sophisticated regulatory networking of mechanotransduction. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is a process in which extracellular mechanical stimuli are transformed into intracellular biochemical signals to regulate cellular responses and tissue remodeling. Literature studies have confirmed that YAP/TAZ plays an important role not only in embryonic development, homeostasis and tumorigenesis, but also in mechanical-biochemical signal transduction of periodontal tissues under the mediation of various signal molecules in its upstream and downstream. Herein, we review the advances in the roles and mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in OTM to provide insights for better understanding and further study of the OTM and possible targeted clinical intervention in orthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiusi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianglong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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22
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Li Y, Ge L, Chen X, Mao Y, Gu X, Ren B, Zeng Y, Chen M, Chen S, Liu J, Yang Y, Xu H. The common YAP activation mediates corneal epithelial regeneration and repair with different-sized wounds. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:16. [PMID: 33772031 PMCID: PMC7997881 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00126-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration/repair after injury can be endowed by adult stem cells (ASCs) or lineage restricted and even terminally differentiated cells. In corneal epithelium, regeneration after a large wound depends on ASCs (limbal epithelial stem cells, LESCs), whereas repair after a small wound is LESCs-independent. Here, using rat corneal epithelial wounds with different sizes, we show that YAP activation promotes the activation and expansion of LESCs after a large wound, as well as the reprogramming of local epithelial cells (repairing epithelial cells) after a small wound, which contributes to LESCs-dependent and -independent wound healing, respectively. Mechanically, we highlight that the reciprocal regulation of YAP activity and the assembly of cell junction and cortical F-actin cytoskeleton accelerates corneal epithelial healing with different-sized wounds. Together, the common YAP activation and the underlying regulatory mechanism are harnessed by LESCs and lineage-restricted epithelial cells to cope with corneal epithelial wounds with different sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijian Li
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingling Ge
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Xia Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China ,grid.263906.8Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yumei Mao
- grid.449525.b0000 0004 1798 4472North Sichuan Medical College, Sichuan, China
| | - Xianliang Gu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Bangqi Ren
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxiao Zeng
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhua Liu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuli Yang
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- grid.410570.70000 0004 1760 6682Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China ,Key Lab of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Jeong MG, Kim HK, Hwang ES. The essential role of TAZ in normal tissue homeostasis. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:253-262. [PMID: 33770379 PMCID: PMC8009801 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01322-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) has been extensively characterized in organ development, tissue regeneration, and tumor progression. In particular, TAZ functions as a Hippo mediator that regulates organ size, tumor growth and migration. It is highly expressed in various types of human cancer, and has been reported to be associated with tumor metastasis and poor outcomes in cancer patients, suggesting that TAZ is an oncogenic regulator. Yes-associated protein (YAP) has 60% similarity in amino acid sequence to TAZ and plays redundant roles with TAZ in the regulation of cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Therefore, TAZ and YAP, which are encoded by paralogous genes, are referred to as TAZ/YAP and are suggested to be functionally equivalent. Despite its similarity to YAP, TAZ can be clearly distinguished from YAP based on its genetic, structural, and functional aspects. In addition, targeting superabundant TAZ can be a promising therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment; however, persistent TAZ inactivation may cause failure of tissue homeostatic control. This review focuses primarily on TAZ, not YAP, discusses its structural features and physiological functions in the regulation of tissue homeostasis, and provides new insights into the drug development targeting TAZ to control reproductive and musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Gyeong Jeong
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, C206 Science building, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Hyo Kyeong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, C206 Science building, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Eun Sook Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, C206 Science building, 52 Ewhayeodae-Gil, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
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24
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Wagner RN, Piñón Hofbauer J, Wally V, Kofler B, Schmuth M, De Rosa L, De Luca M, Bauer JW. Epigenetic and metabolic regulation of epidermal homeostasis. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:1009-1022. [PMID: 33600038 PMCID: PMC8359218 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Continuous exposure of the skin to environmental, mechanical and chemical stress necessitates constant self‐renewal of the epidermis to maintain its barrier function. This self‐renewal ability is attributed to epidermal stem cells (EPSCs), which are long‐lived, multipotent cells located in the basal layer of the epidermis. Epidermal homeostasis – coordinated proliferation and differentiation of EPSCs – relies on fine‐tuned adaptations in gene expression which in turn are tightly associated with specific epigenetic signatures and metabolic requirements. In this review, we will briefly summarize basic concepts of EPSC biology and epigenetic regulation with relevance to epidermal homeostasis. We will highlight the intricate interplay between mitochondrial energy metabolism and epigenetic events – including miRNA‐mediated mechanisms – and discuss how the loss of epigenetic regulation and epidermal homeostasis manifests in skin disease. Discussion of inherited epidermolysis bullosa (EB) and disorders of cornification will focus on evidence for epigenetic deregulation and failure in epidermal homeostasis, including stem cell exhaustion and signs of premature ageing. We reason that the epigenetic and metabolic component of epidermal homeostasis is significant and warrants close attention. Charting epigenetic and metabolic complexities also represents an important step in the development of future systemic interventions aimed at restoring epidermal homeostasis and ameliorating disease burden in severe skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland N Wagner
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Josefina Piñón Hofbauer
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Verena Wally
- EB House Austria, Research Program for Molecular Therapy of Genodermatoses, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Matthias Schmuth
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura De Rosa
- Holostem Terapie Avanzate S.r.l., Center for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", Modena, Italy
| | - Michele De Luca
- Center for Regenerative Medicine "Stefano Ferrari", Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Johann W Bauer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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25
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Low-Temperature Argon Plasma Regulates Skin Moisturizing and Melanogenesis-Regulating Markers through Yes-Associated Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041895. [PMID: 33672928 PMCID: PMC7918577 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive water loss and melanin hyperproduction can cause various skin disorders. Low-temperature argon plasma (LTAP) has shown the possibility of being used for the treatment of various skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and skin cancer. However, the role of LTAP in regulating skin moisturizing and melanogenesis has not been investigated. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of LTAP on yes-associated protein (YAP), a major transcriptional coactivator in the Hippo signaling pathway that is involved in skin moisturizing and melanogenesis-regulating markers. In normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs), the human epidermal keratinocyte line HaCaT, and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs), we found that LTAP exhibited increased expression levels of YAP protein. In addition, the expression levels of filaggrin (FLG), which is involved in natural moisturizing factors (NMFs), and hyaluronic acid synthase (HAS), transglutaminase (TGM), and involucrin (IVL), which regulate skin barrier and moisturizing, were also increased after exposure to LTAP. Furthermore, collagen type I alpha 1 and type III alpha 1 (COL1A1, COL3A1) were increased after LTAP exposure, but the expression level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) was reduced. Moreover, LTAP was found to suppress alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanogenesis in murine melanoma B16F10 cells and normal human melanocytes (NHEMs). LTAP regulates melanogenesis of the melanocytes through decreased YAP pathway activation in a melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R)-dependent manner. Taken together, our data show that LTAP regulates skin moisturizing and melanogenesis through modulation of the YAP pathway, and the effect of LTAP on the expression level of YAP varies from cell to cell. Thus, LTAP might be developed as a treatment method to improve the skin barrier, moisture content, and wrinkle formation, and to reduce melanin generation.
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26
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Zhuang Q, Li F, Liu J, Wang H, Tian Y, Zhang Z, Wang F, Zhao Z, Chen J, Wu H. Nuclear exclusion of YAP exacerbates podocyte apoptosis and disease progression in Adriamycin-induced focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. J Transl Med 2021; 101:258-270. [PMID: 33203894 PMCID: PMC7815513 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-020-00503-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a chronic glomerular disease with poor clinical outcomes. Podocyte loss via apoptosis is one important mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of FSGS. Recently, Yes-associated-protein (YAP), a key downstream protein in the Hippo pathway, was identified as an activator for multiple gene transcriptional factors in the nucleus to control cell proliferation and apoptosis. To investigate the potential role of YAP in the progression of FSGS, we examined kidney samples from patients with minimal change disease or FSGS and found that increases in podocyte apoptosis is positively correlated with the cytoplasmic distribution of YAP in human FSGS. Utilizing an established mT/mG transgenic mouse model and primary cultured podocytes, we found that YAP was distributed uniformly in nucleus and cytoplasm in the podocytes of control animals. Adriamycin treatment induced gradual nuclear exclusion of YAP with enhanced phospho-YAP/YAP ratio, accompanied by the induction of podocyte apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, we used verteporfin to treat an Adriamycin-induced FSGS mouse model, and found YAP inhibition by verteporfin induced nuclear exclusion of YAP, thus increasing podocyte apoptosis and accelerating disease progression. Therefore, our findings suggest that YAP nuclear distribution and activation in podocytes is an important endogenous anti-apoptotic mechanism during the progression of FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyuan Zhuang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Tian
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianchun Chen
- Division of Nephrology in Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Li L, Ugalde AP, Scheele CLGJ, Dieter SM, Nagel R, Ma J, Pataskar A, Korkmaz G, Elkon R, Chien MP, You L, Su PR, Bleijerveld OB, Altelaar M, Momchev L, Manber Z, Han R, van Breugel PC, Lopes R, ten Dijke P, van Rheenen J, Agami R. A comprehensive enhancer screen identifies TRAM2 as a key and novel mediator of YAP oncogenesis. Genome Biol 2021; 22:54. [PMID: 33514403 PMCID: PMC7845134 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02272-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent activation of the co-transcriptional factor YAP is observed in a large number of solid tumors. Activated YAP associates with enhancer loci via TEAD4-DNA-binding protein and stimulates cancer aggressiveness. Although thousands of YAP/TEAD4 binding-sites are annotated, their functional importance is unknown. Here, we aim at further identification of enhancer elements that are required for YAP functions. RESULTS We first apply genome-wide ChIP profiling of YAP to systematically identify enhancers that are bound by YAP/TEAD4. Next, we implement a genetic approach to uncover functions of YAP/TEAD4-associated enhancers, demonstrate its robustness, and use it to reveal a network of enhancers required for YAP-mediated proliferation. We focus on EnhancerTRAM2, as its target gene TRAM2 shows the strongest expression-correlation with YAP activity in nearly all tumor types. Interestingly, TRAM2 phenocopies the YAP-induced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion phenotypes and correlates with poor patient survival. Mechanistically, we identify FSTL-1 as a major direct client of TRAM2 that is involved in these phenotypes. Thus, TRAM2 is a key novel mediator of YAP-induced oncogenic proliferation and cellular invasiveness. CONCLUSIONS YAP is a transcription co-factor that binds to thousands of enhancer loci and stimulates tumor aggressiveness. Using unbiased functional approaches, we dissect YAP enhancer network and characterize TRAM2 as a novel mediator of cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our findings elucidate how YAP induces cancer aggressiveness and may assist diagnosis of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alejandro P. Ugalde
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Colinda L. G. J. Scheele
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian M. Dieter
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Nagel
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jin Ma
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abhijeet Pataskar
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gozde Korkmaz
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ran Elkon
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miao-Ping Chien
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Li You
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pin-Rui Su
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Onno B. Bleijerveld
- Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Proteomics Facility, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvt Centre for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Utrecht, Padualaan 8, 3584CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lyubomir Momchev
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Zohar Manber
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruiqi Han
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. van Breugel
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rui Lopes
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reuven Agami
- Division of Oncogenomics, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, Rotterdam University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Zhang L, Fu L, Zhang X, Chen L, Cai Q, Yang X. Hierarchical and heterogeneous hydrogel system as a promising strategy for diversified interfacial tissue regeneration. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1547-1573. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01595d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A state-of-the-art review on the design and preparation of hierarchical and heterogeneous hydrogel systems for interfacial tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P.R. China
| | - Lei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Sports Medicine
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Linxin Chen
- Peking University Third Hospital
- Beijing 100191
- P. R. China
| | - Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites; Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials; Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P.R. China
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29
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Wei W, Xue L, Tan L, Liu J, Yang Q, Wang J, Yan B, Cai Q, Yang L, Yue Y, Hao L, Wang M, Li J. Inhibition of yes-associated protein dephosphorylation prevents aggravated periodontitis with occlusal trauma. J Periodontol 2020; 92:1036-1048. [PMID: 33094479 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occlusal trauma can aggravate periodontitis, but the mechanism remains unclear. Yes-associated protein (YAP), a mechanical stressor protein, may play an important role in this process. METHODS Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were applied to detect the expression of YAP and inflammatory factors in patients with periodontitis accompanied with or without occlusal trauma. Through local administration of Porphyromonas gingivalis and composite resin bonding on maxillary molars in mice, we established periodontitis and occlusal trauma models. Treatment with or without XAV939, to inhibit YAP activation, was performed in these models. Micro-computed tomography, immunofluorescence (IF), and qRT-PCR were used to explore the YAP pathway in periodontitis with occlusal trauma. Cyclic stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimuli were applied to the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line with or without XAV939. Western blot, IF, and qRT-PCR were used to verify the in vivo results. RESULTS Activated dephosphorylated YAP and increased expression of inflammatory factors were observed in patients with periodontitis accompanied with occlusal trauma. In the mouse model of periodontitis with occlusal trauma, YAP transferred into the nucleus, resulting in Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) related pro-inflammatory pathway up-regulation. L929 cell cyclic stress and LPS stimulation results confirmed the in vivo results. Application of XAV939 inhibited YAP protein dephosphorylation and reduced JNK pro-inflammatory pathway factor expression in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Occlusal trauma can activate YAP nuclear transfer, resulting in the up-regulation of the JNK pro-inflammatory pathway. This can be inhibited by the XAV939 YAP inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Xue
- Department of stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyu Tan
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoling Cai
- Department of stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yue
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Hao
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinle Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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30
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Olmedo-Nieva L, Muñoz-Bello JO, Manzo-Merino J, Lizano M. New insights in Hippo signalling alteration in human papillomavirus-related cancers. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109815. [PMID: 33148514 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is an etiologic factor for the development of different types of cancers, mainly attributed to the continuous expression of E6 and E7 HPV oncoproteins, which regulate several cell signalling pathways including the Hippo pathway. It has been demonstrated that E6 proteins promote the increase of the Hippo elements YAP, TAZ and TEAD, at protein level, as well as their transcriptional targets. Also, E6 and E7 oncoproteins promote nuclear YAP localization and a decrease in YAP negative regulators such as MST1, PTPN14 or SOCS6. Interestingly, Hippo signalling components modulate HPV activity, such as TEAD1 and the transcriptional co-factor VGLL1, induce the activation of HPV early and late promoters, while hyperactivation of YAP in specific cells facilitates virus infection by increasing putative HPV receptors and by evading innate immunity. Additionally, alterations in Hippo signalling elements have been found in HPV-related cancers and particularly, the involvement of HPV oncoproteins on the regulation of some of these Hippo components has been also proposed, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. The present review addresses the recent findings describing the interplay between HPV and Hippo signalling in HPV-related cancers, a fact that highlights the importance of developing more in-depth studies in this field to establish key therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Olmedo-Nieva
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - J Omar Muñoz-Bello
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Sede sur, Mexico City 14330, Mexico
| | - Joaquín Manzo-Merino
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Cátedras CONACyT-Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
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31
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Quantitative Proteomics of the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia. Cell 2020; 180:387-402.e16. [PMID: 31978347 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 473] [Impact Index Per Article: 118.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are essential agents of biological processes. To date, large-scale profiling of cell line collections including the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia (CCLE) has focused primarily on genetic information whereas deep interrogation of the proteome has remained out of reach. Here, we expand the CCLE through quantitative profiling of thousands of proteins by mass spectrometry across 375 cell lines from diverse lineages to reveal information undiscovered by DNA and RNA methods. We observe unexpected correlations within and between pathways that are largely absent from RNA. An analysis of microsatellite instable (MSI) cell lines reveals the dysregulation of specific protein complexes associated with surveillance of mutation and translation. These and other protein complexes were associated with sensitivity to knockdown of several different genes. These data in conjunction with the wider CCLE are a broad resource to explore cellular behavior and facilitate cancer research.
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32
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Wu X, Wang Y, Zhong W, Cheng H, Tian Z. The Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 Enhances Ovarian Cancer Cell Stemness by Inhibiting YAP Translocation from Nucleus to Cytoplasm. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e922012. [PMID: 32433460 PMCID: PMC7254939 DOI: 10.12659/msm.922012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this work was to unearth the effects and underlying mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 in ovarian cancer cell stemness. MATERIAL AND METHODS Western blot, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and sphere forming analysis were performed to evaluate the stem-like traits of cells and MALAT1-induced effects on ovarian cancer cell stemness. Cell viability was performed to evaluate MALAT1 role in the chemoresistance of ovarian cancer cells. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and luciferase reporter analysis were constructed to investigate the underlying mechanisms. RESULTS Here, qPCR assay showed that MALAT1 level was remarkably higher in non-adherent spheres formed by adherent ovarian cancer cells, as well as cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Additionally, MALAT1 knockdown reduced ovarian cancer cell stemness, characterized as the decrease of sphere forming ability, expression of stemness regulatory masters, and attenuation of cisplatin resistance. Moreover, MALAT1 interacted with yes-associated protein (YAP), inhibited its nuclear-cytoplasm translocation, promoted YAP protein stability and expression and thus increased its activity. Notably, rescuing expression of YAP attenuated the inhibition of MALAT1 knockdown on ovarian cancer cell stemness. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these results demonstrate a MALAT1/YAP axis responsible for ovarian cancer cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- XingMei Wu
- Department of Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - YongHui Wang
- Department of Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - WeiJuan Zhong
- Department of Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Lishui, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - HuiFei Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhifeng Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Thompson BJ. YAP/TAZ: Drivers of Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Resistance to Therapy. Bioessays 2020; 42:e1900162. [DOI: 10.1002/bies.201900162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry J. Thompson
- EMBL AustraliaJohn Curtin School of Medical ResearchThe Australian National University 131 Garran Rd, Acton 2602 Canberra ACT Australia
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34
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Omori H, Nishio M, Masuda M, Miyachi Y, Ueda F, Nakano T, Sato K, Mimori K, Taguchi K, Hikasa H, Nishina H, Tashiro H, Kiyono T, Mak TW, Nakao K, Nakagawa T, Maehama T, Suzuki A. YAP1 is a potent driver of the onset and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay3324. [PMID: 32206709 PMCID: PMC7080500 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay3324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common group of cancers in the world, and patients have a poor prognosis. Here, we present data indicating that YAP1 may be a strong driver of the onset and progression of oral SCC (OSCC), a major subtype of HNSCC. Mice with tongue-specific deletion of Mob1a/b and thus endogenous YAP1 hyperactivation underwent surprisingly rapid and highly reproducible tumorigenesis, developing tongue carcinoma in situ within 2 weeks and invasive SCC within 4 weeks. In humans, precancerous tongue dysplasia displays YAP1 activation correlating with reduced patient survival. Combinations of molecules mutated in OSCC may increase and sustain YAP1 activation to the point of oncogenicity. Strikingly, siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of YAP1 blocks murine OSCC onset in vitro and in vivo. Our work justifies targeting YAP1 as therapy for OSCC and perhaps HNSCC, and our mouse model represents a powerful tool for evaluating these agents.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/metabolism
- Disease Models, Animal
- Disease Progression
- Disease Susceptibility
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/deficiency
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Mouth Neoplasms/etiology
- Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism
- Mouth Neoplasms/mortality
- Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins
- Prognosis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism
- YAP-Signaling Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Omori
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Nishio
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Muneyuki Masuda
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yosuke Miyachi
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Fumihito Ueda
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakano
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hikasa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishina
- Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Tashiro
- Department of Women’s Health Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tohru Kiyono
- Division of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tak Wah Mak
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kazuwa Nakao
- Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Maehama
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Akira Suzuki
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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35
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van Soldt BJ, Cardoso WV. Hippo-Yap/Taz signaling: Complex network interactions and impact in epithelial cell behavior. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 2019; 9:e371. [PMID: 31828974 DOI: 10.1002/wdev.371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway has emerged as a crucial integrator of signals in biological events from development to adulthood and in diseases. Although extensively studied in Drosophila and in cell cultures, major gaps of knowledge still remain on how this pathway functions in mammalian systems. The pathway consists of a growing number of components, including core kinases and adaptor proteins, which control the subcellular localization of the transcriptional co-activators Yap and Taz through phosphorylation of serines at key sites. When localized to the nucleus, Yap/Taz interact with TEAD transcription factors to induce transcriptional programs of proliferation, stemness, and growth. In the cytoplasm, Yap/Taz interact with multiple pathways to regulate a variety of cellular functions or are targeted for degradation. The Hippo pathway receives cues from diverse intracellular and extracellular inputs, including growth factor and integrin signaling, polarity complexes, and cell-cell junctions. This review highlights the mechanisms of regulation of Yap/Taz nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and their implications for epithelial cell behavior using the lung as an intriguing example of this paradigm. This article is categorized under: Gene Expression and Transcriptional Hierarchies > Regulatory Mechanisms Signaling Pathways > Cell Fate Signaling Establishment of Spatial and Temporal Patterns > Cytoplasmic Localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J van Soldt
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wellington V Cardoso
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Allergy Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.,Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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36
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Yuan X, Xu Q, Zhang X, Van Brunt LA, Ticha P, Helms JA. Wnt-Responsive Stem Cell Fates in the Oral Mucosa. iScience 2019; 21:84-94. [PMID: 31655258 PMCID: PMC6820246 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelia of the oral cavity exhibit variations in morphologies and turnover rates. Are these differences related to environment or to region-specific stem cell populations? A lineage-tracing strategy allowed visualization of Wnt-responsive cells, and their progeny, in the hard and soft palates. In both anatomic locations, Wnt-responsive basal cells self-renewed and gave rise to supra-basal cells. Palatal injuries triggered an enlargement of this population, and their descendants were responsible for wound re-epithelialization. Compared with the hard palate, soft palate stem cells exhibited an earlier, more robust burst in proliferation, culminating in significantly faster repair. Thereafter, excess Wnt-responsive basal cells were removed, and stem cell numbers were restored back to homeostatic level. Thus, we uncovered a stem cell population in oral mucosa, and its relative abundance is correlate with the rate of oral wound healing. Besides the activation during injury, an endogenous mechanism exists to constrain the stem cell pool after repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yuan
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Quanchen Xu
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lauren A Van Brunt
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Pavla Ticha
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jill A Helms
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1651 Page Mill Road, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
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37
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Han P, Frith JE, Gomez GA, Yap AS, O'Neill GM, Cooper-White JJ. Five Piconewtons: The Difference between Osteogenic and Adipogenic Fate Choice in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS NANO 2019; 13:11129-11143. [PMID: 31580055 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The ability of mesenchymal stem cells to sense nanoscale variations in extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions in their local microenvironment is crucial to their survival and their fate; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms defining how such fates are temporally modulated remain poorly understood. In this work, we have utilized self-assembled block copolymer surfaces to present nanodomains of an adhesive peptide found in many ECM proteins at different lateral spacings (from 30 to 60 nm) and studied the temporal response (2 h to 14 days) of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using a panel of real-time localization and activity biosensors. Our findings revealed that within the first 4 to 24 h postadhesion and spreading, hMSCs on smaller nanodomain spacings recruit more activated FAK and Src proteins to produce larger, longer-lived, and increased numbers of focal adhesions (FAs). The adhesions formed on smaller nanospacings rapidly recruit higher amounts of nonmuscle myosin IIA and vinculin and experience tension forces (by >5 pN/FA) significantly higher than those observed on larger nanodomain spacings. The transmission of higher levels of tension into the cytoskeleton at short times was accompanied by higher Rac1, cytosolic β-catenin, and nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ and RUNX2, which together biased the commitment of hMSCs to an osteogenic fate. This investigation provides mechanistic insights to confirm that smaller lateral spacings of adhesive nanodomains alter hMSC mechanosensing and biases mechanotransduction at short times via differential coupling of FAK/Src/Rac1/myosin IIA/YAP/TAZ signaling pathways to support longer-term changes in stem cell differentiation and state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Han
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TE&M), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
- The UQ Centre in Stem Cell Ageing and Regenerative Engineering (StemCARE), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
| | - Jessica E Frith
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TE&M), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
- Materials Science and Engineering , Monash University , Melbourne , VIC 3168 , Australia
| | - Guillermo A Gomez
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
- Centre for Cancer Biology , South Australia Pathology and The University of South Australia , Adelaide , SA 5001 , Australia
| | - Alpha S Yap
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
| | - Geraldine M O'Neill
- Kids Research Institute , Children's Hospital at Westmead , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health , University of Sydney , Sydney , NSW 2006 , Australia
| | - Justin J Cooper-White
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TE&M), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
- The UQ Centre in Stem Cell Ageing and Regenerative Engineering (StemCARE), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Manufacturing , Melbourne , Clayton, VIC 3168 , Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , St. Lucia, QLD 4067 , Australia
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38
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Soares H, Carmona B, Nolasco S, Viseu Melo L. Polarity in Ciliate Models: From Cilia to Cell Architecture. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:240. [PMID: 31681771 PMCID: PMC6813674 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahymena and Paramecium are highly differentiated unicellular organisms with elaborated cortical patterns showing a regular arrangement of hundreds to thousands of basal bodies in longitudinal rows that extend from the anterior to the posterior region of the cell. Thus both ciliates exhibit a permanent antero–posterior axis and left–right asymmetry. This cell polarity is reflected in the direction of the structures nucleated around each basal body such as the ciliary rootlets. Studies in these ciliates showed that basal bodies assemble two types of cilia, the cortical cilia and the cilia of the oral apparatus, a complex structure specialized in food capture. These two cilia types display structural differences at their tip domain. Basal bodies possessing distinct compositions creating specialized landmarks are also present. Cilia might be expected to express and transmit polarities throughout signaling pathways given their recognized role in signal transduction. This review will focus on how local polarities in basal bodies/cilia are regulated and transmitted through cell division in order to maintain the global polarity and shape of these cells and locally constrain the interpretation of signals by different cilia. We will also discuss ciliates as excellent biological models to study development and morphogenetic mechanisms and their relationship with cilia diversity and function in metazoans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Soares
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica/Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Carmona
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica/Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sofia Nolasco
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,CIISA-Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Viseu Melo
- Physics Department and CEFEMA, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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39
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Borreguero-Muñoz N, Fletcher GC, Aguilar-Aragon M, Elbediwy A, Vincent-Mistiaen ZI, Thompson BJ. The Hippo pathway integrates PI3K-Akt signals with mechanical and polarity cues to control tissue growth. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000509. [PMID: 31613895 PMCID: PMC6814241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway restricts cell proliferation in animal tissues by inhibiting Yes-associated protein (YAP or YAP1) and Transcriptional Activator with a PDZ domain (TAZ or WW-domain-containing transcriptional activator [WWTR1]), coactivators of the Scalloped (Sd or TEAD) DNA-binding transcription factor. Drosophila has a single YAP/TAZ homolog named Yorkie (Yki) that is regulated by Hippo pathway signalling in response to epithelial polarity and tissue mechanics during development. Here, we show that Yki translocates to the nucleus to drive Sd-mediated cell proliferation in the ovarian follicle cell epithelium in response to mechanical stretching caused by the growth of the germline. Importantly, mechanically induced Yki nuclear localisation also requires nutritionally induced insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signalling (IIS) via phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (PI3K), phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1 or PDPK1), and protein kinase B (Akt or PKB) in the follicular epithelium. We find similar results in the developing Drosophila wing, where Yki becomes nuclear in the mechanically stretched cells of the wing pouch during larval feeding, which induces IIS, but translocates to the cytoplasm upon cessation of feeding in the third instar stage. Inactivating Akt prevents nuclear Yki localisation in the wing disc, while ectopic activation of the insulin receptor, PI3K, or Akt/PKB is sufficient to maintain nuclear Yki in mechanically stimulated cells of the wing pouch even after feeding ceases. Finally, IIS also promotes YAP nuclear localisation in response to mechanical cues in mammalian skin epithelia. Thus, the Hippo pathway has a physiological function as an integrator of epithelial cell polarity, tissue mechanics, and nutritional cues to control cell proliferation and tissue growth in both Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgina C. Fletcher
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Aguilar-Aragon
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Elbediwy
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Barry J. Thompson
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- EMBL Australia, Department of Cancer Biology & Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Acton, Australia
- * E-mail:
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40
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Cayuso J, Xu Q, Addison M, Wilkinson DG. Actomyosin regulation by Eph receptor signaling couples boundary cell formation to border sharpness. eLife 2019; 8:49696. [PMID: 31502954 PMCID: PMC6739871 DOI: 10.7554/elife.49696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The segregation of cells with distinct regional identity underlies formation of a sharp border, which in some tissues serves to organise a boundary signaling centre. It is unclear whether or how border sharpness is coordinated with induction of boundary-specific gene expression. We show that forward signaling of EphA4 is required for border sharpening and induction of boundary cells in the zebrafish hindbrain, which we find both require kinase-dependent signaling, with a lesser input of PDZ domain-dependent signaling. We find that boundary-specific gene expression is regulated by myosin II phosphorylation, which increases actomyosin contraction downstream of EphA4 signaling. Myosin phosphorylation leads to nuclear translocation of Taz, which together with Tead1a is required for boundary marker expression. Since actomyosin contraction maintains sharp borders, there is direct coupling of border sharpness to boundary cell induction that ensures correct organisation of signaling centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Cayuso
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qiling Xu
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
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41
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Omori H, Sato K, Nakano T, Wakasaki T, Toh S, Taguchi K, Nakagawa T, Masuda M. Stress-triggered YAP1/SOX2 activation transcriptionally reprograms head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for the acquisition of stemness. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2019; 145:2433-2444. [PMID: 31485767 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-019-02995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical importance of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is well recognized. However, a reliable method for the detection of functioning CSC has not yet been established. We hypothesized that YAP1, a transcriptional coactivator, and SOX2, a master transcription factor of SCC, may cooperatively induce stemness through transcriptional reprogramming. METHODS We immunohistochemically examined the expression of SOX2 and YAP1 in the CD44 variant 9 (CD44v9)-positive invasion front. A CSC-inducible module was identified through a combination of siRNAs and sphere formation assays. YAP1 and SOX2 interactions were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS The triple overexpression of SOX2, YAP1, and CD44v9 was significantly associated with poor prognosis. TCGA data revealed that the CSC-inducible module, which was related to EMT and angiogenesis, was significantly correlated with poor prognosis. The KLF7 expression, representatively chosen from the module, also correlated with poor prognosis and was essential for sphere formation and CSC propagation. Sphere stress-activated YAP1 enhanced SOX2 activity. CONCLUSIONS The stress-triggered activation of YAP1/SOX2 transcriptionally reprograms HNSCC for the acquisition of stemness. Triple SOX2, YAP1, and CD44v9 immunostaining assays may be useful for the selection of high-risk patients with functioning CSCs, and YAP1 targeting may lead to the development of a CSC-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Omori
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakano
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
| | - Takahiro Wakasaki
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Toh
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
| | - Kenichi Taguchi
- Department of Pathology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakagawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Muneyuki Masuda
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, 3-1-1 Notame, Minamiku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, 811-1395, Japan.
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42
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Rognoni E, Walko G. The Roles of YAP/TAZ and the Hippo Pathway in Healthy and Diseased Skin. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050411. [PMID: 31058846 PMCID: PMC6562585 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin is the largest organ of the human body. Its architecture and physiological functions depend on diverse populations of epidermal cells and dermal fibroblasts. Reciprocal communication between the epidermis and dermis plays a key role in skin development, homeostasis and repair. While several stem cell populations have been identified in the epidermis with distinct locations and functions, there is additional heterogeneity within the mesenchymal cells of the dermis. Here, we discuss the current knowledge of how the Hippo pathway and its downstream effectors Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) contribute to the maintenance, activation and coordination of the epidermal and dermal cell populations during development, homeostasis, wound healing and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel Rognoni
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Gernot Walko
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry & Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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43
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Khadilkar RJ, Tanentzapf G. Septate junction components control Drosophila hematopoiesis through the Hippo pathway. Development 2019; 146:dev.166819. [PMID: 30890573 DOI: 10.1242/dev.166819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoiesis requires coordinated cell signals to control the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor cells. In Drosophila, blood progenitors, called prohemocytes, which are located in a hematopoietic organ called the lymph gland, are regulated by the Salvador-Warts-Hippo pathway. In epithelial cells, the Hippo pathway integrates diverse biological inputs, such as cell polarity and cell-cell contacts, but Drosophila blood cells lack the conspicuous polarity of epithelial cells. Here, we show that the septate-junction components Cora and NrxIV promote Hippo signaling in the lymph gland. Depletion of septate-junction components in hemocytes produces similar phenotypes to those observed in Hippo pathway mutants, including increased differentiation of immune cells. Our analysis places septate-junction components as upstream regulators of the Hippo pathway where they recruit Merlin to the membrane. Finally, we show that interactions of septate-junction components with the Hippo pathway are a key functional component of the cellular immune response following infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan J Khadilkar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Guy Tanentzapf
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z3, Canada
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44
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Novoseletskaya ES, Grigorieva OA, Efimenko AY, Kalinina NI. Extracellular Matrix in the Regulation of Stem Cell Differentiation. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2019; 84:232-240. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297919030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Xiao X, Ni Y, Yu C, Li L, Mao B, Yang Y, Zheng D, Silvestrini B, Cheng CY. Src family kinases (SFKs) and cell polarity in the testis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 81:46-53. [PMID: 29174914 PMCID: PMC5988912 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-receptor Src family kinases (SFKs), most notably c-Src and c-Yes, are recently shown to be expressed by Sertoli and/or germ cells in adult rat testes. Studies have shown that SFKs are involved in modulating the cell cytoskeletal function, and involved in endocytic vesicle-mediated protein endocytosis, transcytosis and/or recycling as well as intracellular protein degradation events. Furthermore, a knockdown to SFKs, in particular c-Yes, has shown to induce defects in spermatid polarity. These findings, coupled with emerging evidence in the field, thus prompt us to critically evaluate them to put forth a developing concept regarding the role of SFKs and cell polarity, which will become a basis to design experiments for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Xiao
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York 10065
| | - Ya Ni
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Chenhuan Yu
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Linxi Li
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York 10065
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzho, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Baiping Mao
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York 10065
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzho, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | - Dongwang Zheng
- Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China
| | | | - C. Yan Cheng
- The Mary M. Wohlford Laboratory for Male Contraceptive Research, Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York 10065
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Vollmer J, Casares F, Iber D. Growth and size control during development. Open Biol 2018; 7:rsob.170190. [PMID: 29142108 PMCID: PMC5717347 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The size and shape of organs are characteristic for each species. Even when organisms develop to different sizes due to varying environmental conditions, such as nutrition, organ size follows species-specific rules of proportionality to the rest of the body, a phenomenon referred to as allometry. Therefore, for a given environment, organs stop growth at a predictable size set by the species's genotype. How do organs stop growth? How can related species give rise to organs of strikingly different size? No definitive answer has been given to date. One of the major models for the studies of growth termination is the vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster. Therefore, this review will focus mostly on work carried out in Drosophila to try to tease apart potential mechanisms and identify routes for further investigation. One general rule, found across the animal kingdom, is that the rate of growth declines with developmental time. Therefore, answers to the problem of growth termination should explain this seemingly universal fact. In addition, growth termination is intimately related to the problems of robustness (i.e. precision) and plasticity in organ size, symmetric and asymmetric organ development, and of how the ‘target’ size depends on extrinsic, environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannik Vollmer
- D-BSSE, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fernando Casares
- CABD, CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide-JA, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - Dagmar Iber
- D-BSSE, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland .,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics (SIB), Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
The Hippo-Yes associated protein (Yap) pathway plays an important role in organ size control by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stem cell renewal. Hippo-Yap signaling also functions at the level of cellular development in a variety of organs through its effects on cell cycle control, cell survival, cell polarity, and cell fate. Because of its important roles in normal development and homeostasis, abnormal regulation of this pathway has been shown to lead to pathological outcomes such as tissue overgrowth, tumor formation, and abnormal organogenesis, including ocular-specific disorders. In this review, we summarize how normal and perturbed control of Yap signaling is implicated in ocular development and disease Developmental Dynamics 247:794-806, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Lee
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Navneet Goraya
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Seonhee Kim
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Seo-Hee Cho
- Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center and Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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48
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Brás-Pereira C, Moreno E. Mechanical cell competition. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 51:15-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Abstract
The Crumbs proteins are evolutionarily conserved apical transmembrane proteins. Drosophila Crumbs was discovered via its crucial role in epithelial polarity during fly embryogenesis. Crumbs proteins have variable extracellular domains but a highly conserved intracellular domain that can bind FERM and PDZ domain proteins. Mammals have three Crumbs genes and this review focuses on Crumbs3, the major Crumbs isoform expressed in mammalian epithelial cells. Although initial work has highlighted the role of Crumbs3 in polarity, more recent studies have found it has an important role in tissue morphogenesis functioning as a linker between the apical membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. In addition, recent publications have linked Crumbs3 to growth control via regulation of the Hippo/Yap pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Margolis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5680
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50
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Elbediwy A, Thompson BJ. Evolution of mechanotransduction via YAP/TAZ in animal epithelia. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2018; 51:117-123. [PMID: 29477107 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stretch forces can control the growth of epithelial tissues such as mammalian skin, whose surface area is precisely coordinated with body size. In skin keratinocytes cultured in vitro, mechanical forces acting via Integrin adhesions and the actin cytoskeleton have been shown to induce nuclear translocation of YAP/TAZ co-activators to induce cell proliferation. Furthermore, conditional knockouts of both YAP (also called YAP1) and TAZ (also called WWTR1) in mouse skin resemble the phenotype of skin-specific loss of Integrin beta1 (ITGB1), indicating that this signalling mechanism is important in vivo. Curiously, Integrins are dispensable in Drosophila to activate the sole YAP/TAZ homolog Yorkie (Yki), which has lost the C-terminal PDZ-binding motif needed to promote nuclear localization of YAP/TAZ in mammalian cells. Differences in the structure of the epidermis between deuterostomes (e.g.: stratified squamous skin of mammals) and protostomes (e.g.: monolayered columnar epidermis of Drosophila) may explain this evolutionary divergence. Monolayered columnar epithelia feature a well-differentiated apical membrane domain, where proteins such as Crumbs, Expanded, Merlin and Kibra activate the Hippo pathway to repress Drosophila Yki. Stratified squamous epithelia lack an apical domain and thus depend primarily on basal Integrin adhesions to activate YAP/TAZ in basal layer stem cells via multiple postulated signalling mechanisms. Finally, YAP and TAZ retain the ability to sense the apical domain in the columnar epithelial cells lining internal organs such as the lung bronchus, where YAP/TAZ localize to the nucleus in proliferating basal layer stem cells but translocate to the cytoplasm in differentiated columnar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Elbediwy
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom
| | - Barry J Thompson
- Epithelial Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Rd, London NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.
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