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Lee DY, Song WH, Lim YS, Lee C, Rajbongshi L, Hwang SY, Kim BS, Lee D, Song YJ, Kim HG, Yoon S. Fish Collagen Peptides Enhance Thymopoietic Gene Expression, Cell Proliferation, Thymocyte Adherence, and Cytoprotection in Thymic Epithelial Cells via Activation of the Nuclear Factor-κB Pathway, Leading to Thymus Regeneration after Cyclophosphamide-Induced Injury. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:531. [PMID: 37888466 PMCID: PMC10608061 DOI: 10.3390/md21100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged thymic involution results in decreased thymopoiesis and thymic output, leading to peripheral T-cell deficiency. Since the thymic-dependent pathway is the only means of generating fully mature T cells, the identification of strategies to enhance thymic regeneration is crucial in developing therapeutic interventions to revert immune suppression in immunocompromised patients. The present study clearly shows that fish collagen peptides (FCPs) stimulate activities of thymic epithelial cells (TECs), including cell proliferation, thymocyte adhesion, and the gene expression of thymopoietic factors such as FGF-7, IGF-1, BMP-4, VEGF-A, IL-7, IL-21, RANKL, LTβ, IL-22R, RANK, LTβR, SDF-1, CCL21, CCL25, CXCL5, Dll1, Dll4, Wnt4, CD40, CD80, CD86, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, FoxN1, leptin, cathepsin L, CK5, and CK8 through the NF-κB signal transduction pathway. Furthermore, our study also revealed the cytoprotective effects of FCPs on TECs against cyclophosphamide-induced cellular injury through the NF-κB signaling pathway. Importantly, FCPs exhibited a significant capability to facilitate thymic regeneration in mice after cyclophosphamide-induced damage via the NF-κB pathway. Taken together, this study sheds light on the role of FCPs in TEC function, thymopoiesis, and thymic regeneration, providing greater insight into the development of novel therapeutic strategies for effective thymus repopulation for numerous clinical conditions in which immune reconstitution is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hoon Song
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital and Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Seon Lim
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyong Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Lata Rajbongshi
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Yeong Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Jung Song
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital and Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Gon Kim
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital and Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Immune Reconstitution Research Center of Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University College of Medicine, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
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Zhu F, Willette-Brown J, Zhang J, Ferre EMN, Sun Z, Wu X, Lionakis MS, Hu Y. NLRP3 Inhibition Ameliorates Severe Cutaneous Autoimmune Manifestations in a Mouse Model of Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy-Candidiasis-Ectodermal Dystrophy-Like Disease. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:1404-1415. [PMID: 33188780 PMCID: PMC8110612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy show diverse endocrine and nonendocrine manifestations initiated by self-reactive T cells because of AIRE mutation-induced defective central tolerance. A large number of American patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy suffer from early-onset cutaneous inflammatory lesions accompanied by an infiltration of T cells and myeloid cells. The role of myeloid cells in this setting remains to be fully investigated. In this study, we characterize the autoinflammatory phenotypes in the skin of both autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy-like kinase-dead Ikkα knockin mice and patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy. We found a marked infiltration of autoreactive CD4 T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils; elevated uric acid; and increased NLRP3, a major inflammasome component. Depleting autoreactive CD4 T cells or ablating Ccl2/Cxcr2 genes significantly attenuated the inflammasome activity, inflammation, and skin phenotypes in kinase-dead Ikkα knockin mice. Importantly, treatment with an NLRP3 inhibitor reduced skin phenotypes and decreased infiltration of CD4 T cells, macrophages, and neutrophils. These results suggest that increased myeloid cell infiltration contributes to autoreactive CD4 T cell-mediated skin autoinflammation. Thus, our findings reveal that the combined infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils is required for autoreactive CD4 T cell-mediated skin disease pathogenesis and that the NLRP3-dependent inflammasome is a potential therapeutic target for the cutaneous manifestations of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jami Willette-Brown
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Center for Visual Science and Photomedicine, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Center for Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Elise M N Ferre
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhonghe Sun
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Michail S Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yinling Hu
- Laboratory of Cancer Immunometabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
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Li X, Hu Y. Attribution of NF-κB Activity to CHUK/IKKα-Involved Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061411. [PMID: 33808757 PMCID: PMC8003426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CHUK/IKKα has emerged as a novel tumor suppressor in several organs of humans and mice. In general, activation of NF-κB promotes inflammation and tumorigenesis. IKKα reduction stimulates inflammatory responses including NF-κB’s targets and NF-κB-independent pathways for tumor promotion. Specific phenomena from genetically-modified mice and human TCGA database show the crosstalk between IKKα and NF-κB although their nature paths for normal organ development and the disease and cancer pathogenesis remains largely under investigation. In this review, we focus on the interplay between IKKα and NF-κB signaling during carcinogenesis. A better understanding of their relationship will provide insight into therapeutic targets of cancer. Abstract Studies analyzing human cancer genome sequences and genetically modified mouse models have extensively expanded our understanding of human tumorigenesis, even challenging or reversing the dogma of certain genes as originally characterized by in vitro studies. Inhibitor-κB kinase α (IKKα), which is encoded by the conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase (CHUK) gene, is first identified as a serine/threonine protein kinase in the inhibitor-κB kinase complex (IKK), which is composed of IKKα, IKKβ, and IKKγ (NEMO). IKK phosphorylates serine residues 32 and 36 of IκBα, a nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitor, to induce IκBα protein degradation, resulting in the nuclear translocation of NF-κB dimers that function as transcriptional factors to regulate immunity, infection, lymphoid organ/cell development, cell death/growth, and tumorigenesis. NF-κB and IKK are broadly and differentially expressed in the cells of our body. For a long time, the idea that the IKK complex acts as a direct upstream activator of NF-κB in carcinogenesis has been predominately accepted in the field. Surprisingly, IKKα has emerged as a novel suppressor for skin, lung, esophageal, and nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, as well as lung and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (ADC). Thus, Ikkα loss is a tumor driver in mice. On the other hand, lacking the RANKL/RANK/IKKα pathway impairs mammary gland development and attenuates oncogene- and chemical carcinogen-induced breast and prostate tumorigenesis and metastasis. In general, NF-κB activation leads one of the major inflammatory pathways and stimulates tumorigenesis. Since IKKα and NF-κB play significant roles in human health, revealing the interplay between them greatly benefits the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human cancer. In this review, we discuss the intriguing attribution of NF-κB to CHUK/IKKα-involved carcinogenesis.
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