Spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of sulpiride in pharmaceutical preparations and human plasma through derivatization with 2-cyanoacetamide

Developments in on-line, post separation sample manipulation in the last 22 years: Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications

On-line post separation sample manipulation is a powerful approach increasing the sensitivity and selectivity in chemical analysis. Post separation sample manipulation includes the treatment of the analytes after their separation through a suitable separation technique, mainly liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Typically, post separation approaches include either the addition of a reagent/solvent to derivatize the analyte/enhance the sensitivity, pH change, or the conversion of the analyte through a photochemical/electrochemical system (reagent-free systems). This review focuses on the developed methods using post-column manipulation of sample with pharmaceuticals and biomedical applications, covering the period from 2000 to midle-2023. Chemistries combined with fluorescence, UV-vis and mass spectrometric detection are discussed employing both liquid chromatography and electrophoretic techniques for separation. Noteworthy instrumental modifications are also discussed.

Chromatographic determination of zonisamide, topiramate and sulpiride in plasma by a fluorescent 'turn-on' chemosensor

AIM

Antiepileptics (AEDs) and antipsychotics are often coprescribed. Interactions between these drugs may affect both efficacy and toxicity. Therefore, drug monitoring is necessary for appropriate dosage adjustments.

MATERIALS & METHODS

Specific 'turn-on' chemosensor, 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan is used for selective and sensitive determination of two AEDs: zonisamide (ZON) and topiramate (TOP) with the antipsychotic sulpiride (SUL) in epileptic patients' plasma followed by reversed-phase-HPLC separation without any interference.

RESULTS

Linear behavior was observed in the range of 0.1-3 μg/ml and 0.01-0.5 μg/ml for the AEDs and SUL, respectively, with LOD of 33, 46 and 4 ng/ml and LOQ of 86, 93 and 9 ng/ml for ZON, TOP and SUL, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for determination of different pharmacokinetic parameters of ZON and TOP, and for clinical monitoring of the three drugs in healthy volunteers following oral administration.

CONCLUSION

The developed method is suitable for the routine therapeutic drug monitoring of these drugs.