Enhanced spectrofluorimetric determination of esomeprazole and pantoprazole in dosage forms and spiked human plasma using organized media

Development of HPLC-UV Method for Simultaneous Determination of Corticosteroid Co-Administered Immune Therapy

Prednisolone (PDS) has recently been utilized to treat a variety of medical disorders, including autoimmune illnesses and cancer. It is also used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 infection-related respiratory problems. Because it may induce health problems including gastrointestinal lesions and ulceration, it has to be used alongside other drugs like esomeprazole (ESM), which acts as a proton pump antagonist to reduce the probability of ulceration. As a result, the goal of this research is to create an environmentally safe and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) approach for determining PDS and ESM in their binary combination and spiked human plasma. C8 column (100 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and gradient mobile phase elution were used to separate the studied drugs with ultraviolet recognition at 290 nm. Caffeine was utilized as an internal standard to adjust the sample variance. Plasma, caffeine, ESM and PDS all had tR values of 1.4, 3.5, 6.3 and 7.3, respectively. The suggested method's greenness features were evaluated using three greenness evaluation tools: green analytical procedure index, analytical greenness metric approach and analytical eco-scale, and the findings were approved and satisfied. Validation parameters were evaluated in accordance with US-FDA recommendations in order to meet the global desires for biological analysis technique, acceptable limits were obtained.

Dual modulation of blue-fluorescent carbon dots for simultaneous detection of topotecan and pantoprazole

This study introduces a novel approach for the simultaneous determination of topotecan (TOP) and pantoprazole (PNT), two drugs whose interaction is critical in clinical applications. The significance of this study originates from the need to understand the pharmacokinetic changes of TOP after PNT administration, which can inform necessary dose adjustments of TOP. To achieve this, nitrogen blue emissive carbon dots (B@NCDs) were produced and employed due to their unique fluorescent properties. When TOP is added to B@NCDs, it exhibits strong native fluorescence at 545 nm without influencing the B@NCDs' fluorescence at 447 nm. Conversely, PNT causes quenching of B@NCDs fluorescence, a property that enables the distinct detection of both drugs. The B@NCDs were fully characterized using different techniques, including ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and FTIR spectroscopy. The proposed method demonstrated excellent linearity, selectivity, and sensitivity, with low detection limits (LOD, S/N = 3); 0.0016 μg mL-1 for TOP and 0.36 μg mL-1 for PNT. Applied to spiked rabbit plasma samples, this method offers a new approach for evaluating the pharmacokinetic interaction between TOP and PNT. It enables the determination of all pharmacokinetic parameters of TOP before and after coadministration with PNT, providing essential insights into whether dose adjustments are necessary. This research not only contributes to the field of drug monitoring and interaction studies but also exemplifies the potential of B@NCDs in complex biological matrices, paving the way for further pharmacological and therapeutic applications.

Application of Analytical Tools and Techniques for Estimation of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (Esomeprazole Magnesium Trihydrate): A Comprehensive Review

Objective:

The application of various sophisticated analytical tools and techniques is essential for estimating an active pharmaceutical ingredient present in either biofluids or pharmaceutical dosage forms. Reporting the multiple analytical methods used to quantify esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate, a proton pump inhibitor, is the ultimate goal of this review article.

Evidence acquisition:

This article deals with a detailed discussion of different reported analytical procedures along with their pros and cons and their relevant criteria for quantifying the drug. Various analytical techniques like UV-Visible spectrophotometry, HPLC, HPTLC, hyphenated techniques, etc., are developed to assess the esomeprazole magnesium trihydrate in bulk materials, different pharmaceutical formulations, and biological matrices.

Conclusion:

Literature survey confirmed that the hyphenated techniques and chromatographic techniques are best tools for biological matrices. Spectroscopic methods like UV and visible techniques are widely used for pharmaceutical matrices. All of the reported methods are accurate, precise, cost-effective, and sensitive.

Multivariate Model Update Chemometric Methods for Determination of Prednisolone and Esomeprazole in Spiked Human Plasma: a Comparative Study

BACKGROUND

Prednisolone is immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory drug; it may cause peptic ulcers as a side effect. Esomeprazole is used for treatment of peptic ulcers therefore; the two drugs are co-administered in case of organ transplantation and autoimmune diseases.

OBJECTIVE

This work aims to determine simultaneously the two drugs together in bulk and spiked human plasma by eliminating the overlapping between the spectra of each other and the interference of plasma matrix.

METHODS

Two simple and effective model updated chemometric models called principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least square (PLS) were established using UV spectrophotometric data.

RESULTS

The two updated models have been validated according to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration guidelines with accepted results. The results were statistically compared with those of the reported methods, where no significant difference was found, indicating the validity of the developed methods. The two updated models have been successfully applied for prediction of the proposed drugs with good results regarding accuracy and precision.

CONCLUSION

The two updated models are simple, rapid, sensitive, and precise and could be easily applied in quality control laboratories for determination of PRD and ESO, without any preliminary separation steps or interference from plasma matrix.

HIGHLIGHTS

Two model updated chemometric models called PCA and PLS were established for determination of prednisolone and esomeprazole in spiked human plasma using UV spectrophotometric data.

A Sensitive, Simple and Direct Determination of Pantoprazole Based on a "Turn off-on" Fluorescence Nanosensor by Using Terbium-1,10-phenanthroline-silver Nanoparticles

A new sensitive, simple, rapid, reliable and selective fluorometric method for the determination of pantoprazole (PAN) in human plasma and a pharmaceutical formulation has been developed. This technique is based on a quenching effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on the emission intensity of a fluorescent probe, terbium(III)-1,10-phenantroline (Tb(III)-phen) complex (due to a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) phenomenon between the Tb(III)-phen complex and AgNPs), and then restoring the fluorescence intensity of the Tb(III)-phen-AgNPs system upon the addition of PAN (turn off-on process). The effects of various factors on the proposed method including time, temperature, pH, order of the addition of various reagents and the concentration of AgNPs were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, a good linear relationship between the enhanced emission intensity of the Tb(III)-phen-AgNPs system and the PAN concentration was observed in the range of (10 - 1000) × 10^-8 M. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) were 7.2 × 10^-8 and 24.2 × 10^-8 M, respectively. Also, the interferences of some common interfering species on the fluorescence intensity of the system were investigated. This simple and sensitive method was successfully applied for the determination of PAN in spiked human plasma samples and in its capsule formulation. The analytical recoveries were in the range of 88.54 - 101.33 and 90.07 - 98.85%, respectively.