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Kaneko T, Mita Y, Nozawa-Kumada K, Yazaki M, Arisawa M, Niki E, Noguchi N, Saito Y. Antioxidant action of persulfides and polysulfides against free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation. Free Radic Res 2022; 56:677-690. [PMID: 36630595 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2165918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, hydropersulfides, and hydropolysulfides have been revealed to play important physiological roles such as cell signaling and protection against oxidative stress, but the underlying mechanisms and dynamics of action remain elusive. It is generally accepted that these species act by two-electron redox mechanisms, while the involvement of one-electron redox chemistry has received less attention. In this study, the radical-scavenging activity of hydrogen persulfide, hydrogen polysulfides (HSnH n = 2-4), and diallyl- or dialkyl-sulfides (RSnR, n = 1-4) was measured. Furthermore, their antioxidant effects against free radical-mediated human plasma lipid peroxidation were assessed by measuring lipid hydroperoxides. It was found that disodium disulfide, trisulfide, and tetrasulfide acted as potent peroxyl radical scavengers, the rate constant for scavenging peroxyl radical being 3.5 × 105, 4.0 × 105, and 6.0 × 105 M-1 s-1 in PBS pH 7.4 at 37 °C respectively and that they inhibited plasma lipid peroxidation efficiently, the efficacy is increased with the catenation number. Disodium tetrasulfide was 1.5 times as reactive as Trolox toward peroxyl radical and inhibited plasma lipid peroxidation more efficiently than ascorbate and Trolox. On the other hand, diallyl- and dialkyl-sulfides did not exert significant radical-scavenging activity, nor did they inhibit lipid peroxidation efficiently, except for diallyl tetrasulfide, which suppressed plasma lipid peroxidation, despite less significantly than disodium tetrasulfide. Collectively, this study shows that hydrogen persulfide and hydrogen polysulfides act as potent radical-scavenging antioxidants and that, in addition to two-electron redox mechanisms, one electron redox reaction may also play important role in the in vivo defense against deleterious oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kaneko
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Mita
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Kanako Nozawa-Kumada
- Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masana Yazaki
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mieko Arisawa
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Etsuo Niki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Noguchi
- The Systems Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Medical Life Systems, Faculty of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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2
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Ribas-Massonis A, Cicujano M, Duran J, Besalú E, Poater A. Free-Radical Photopolymerization for Curing Products for Refinish Coatings Market. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142856. [PMID: 35890631 PMCID: PMC9324147 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Even though there are many photocurable compositions that are cured by cationic photopolymerization mechanisms, UV curing generally consists of the formation of cross-linking covalent bonds between a resin and monomers via a photoinitiated free radical polymerization reaction, obtaining a three-dimensional polymer network. One of its many applications is in the refinish coatings market, where putties, primers and clear coats can be cured faster and more efficiently than with traditional curing. All these products contain the same essential components, which are resin, monomers and photoinitiators, the latter being the source of free radicals. They may also include additives used to achieve a certain consistency, but always taking into account the avoidance of damage to the UV curing—for example, by removing light from the innermost layers. Surface curing also has its challenges since it can be easily inhibited by oxygen, although this can be solved by adding scavengers such as amines or thiols, able to react with the otherwise inactive peroxy radicals and continue the propagation of the polymerization reaction. In this review article, we cover a broad analysis from the organic point of view to the industrial applications of this line of research, with a wide current and future range of uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Ribas-Massonis
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Magalí Cicujano
- Roberlo S.A., Ctra. N-II, km 706,5, Riudellots de la Selva, 17457 Girona, Spain;
| | - Josep Duran
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Emili Besalú
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.D.); (E.B.)
| | - Albert Poater
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Computational Chemistry and Catalysis, University of Girona, c/Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69, 17003 Girona, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.D.); (E.B.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Bassot A, Chen J, Simmen T. Post-Translational Modification of Cysteines: A Key Determinant of Endoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondria Contacts (MERCs). CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2021; 4:25152564211001213. [PMID: 37366382 PMCID: PMC10243593 DOI: 10.1177/25152564211001213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Cells must adjust their redox state to an ever-changing environment that could otherwise result in compromised homeostasis. An obvious way to adapt to changing redox conditions depends on cysteine post-translational modifications (PTMs) to adapt conformation, localization, interactions and catalytic activation of proteins. Such PTMs should occur preferentially in the proximity of oxidative stress sources. A particular concentration of these sources is found near membranes where the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the mitochondria interact on domains called MERCs (Mitochondria-Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts). Here, fine inter-organelle communication controls metabolic homeostasis. MERCs achieve this goal through fluxes of Ca2+ ions and inter-organellar lipid exchange. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause PTMs of mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) proteins determine these intertwined MERC functions. Chronic changes of the pattern of these PTMs not only control physiological processes such as the circadian clock but could also lead to or worsen many human disorders such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Simmen
- Thomas Simmen, Department of Cell
Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G2H7.
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4
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Specific features of radical generation in the reaction of thiols with hydrogen peroxide. Russ Chem Bull 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-020-2971-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Morita M, Naito Y, Itoh Y, Niki E. Comparative study on the plasma lipid oxidation induced by peroxynitrite and peroxyl radicals and its inhibition by antioxidants. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1101-1113. [DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1688799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Morita
- Gastrointestinal Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuo Niki
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Japan
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7
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Niki E. Oxidant-specific biomarkers of oxidative stress. Association with atherosclerosis and implication for antioxidant effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 120:425-440. [PMID: 29625172 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The unregulated oxidative modification of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids induced by multiple oxidants has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Antioxidants with diverse functions exert their roles either directly or indirectly in the physiological defense network to inhibit such deleterious oxidative modification of biological molecules and resulting damage. The efficacy of antioxidants depends on the nature of oxidants. Therefore, it is important to identify the oxidants which are responsible for modification of biological molecules. Some oxidation products produced selectively by specific oxidant enable to identify the responsible oxidants, while other products are produced by several oxidants similarly. In this review article, several oxidant-specific products produced selectively by peroxyl radicals, peroxynitrite, hypochlorous acid, lipoxygenase, and singlet oxygen were summarized and their potential role as biomarker is discussed. It is shown that the levels of specific oxidation products including hydroxylinoleate isomers, nitrated and chlorinated products, and oxysterols produced by the above-mentioned oxidants are elevated in the human atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that all these oxidants may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Further, it was shown that the reactivities of physiological antioxidants toward the above-mentioned oxidants vary extensively, suggesting that multiple antioxidants effective against these different oxidants are required, since no single antioxidant alone can cope with these multiple oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuo Niki
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Takamatsu 761-0395, Japan.
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Umeno A, Horie M, Murotomi K, Nakajima Y, Yoshida Y. Antioxidative and Antidiabetic Effects of Natural Polyphenols and Isoflavones. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21060708. [PMID: 27248987 PMCID: PMC6274112 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Many polyphenols that contain more than two phenolic hydroxyl groups are natural antioxidants and can provide health benefits to humans. These polyphenols include, for example, oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, catechin, chlorogenic acids, hesperidin, nobiletin, and isoflavones. These have been studied widely because of their strong radical-scavenging and antioxidative effects. These effects may contribute to the prevention of diseases, such as diabetes. Insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and homeostasis are important factors in the onset of diabetes, a disease that is associated with dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells. Oxidative stress is thought to contribute to this dysfunction and the effects of antioxidants on the pathogenesis of diabetes have, therefore, been investigated. Here, we summarize the antioxidative effects of polyphenols from the perspective of their radical-scavenging activities as well as their effects on signal transduction pathways. We also describe the preventative effects of polyphenols on diabetes by referring to recent studies including those reported by us. Appropriate analytical approaches for evaluating antioxidants in studies on the prevention of diabetes are comprehensively reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Umeno
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan.
| | - Masanori Horie
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan.
| | - Kazutoshi Murotomi
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Nakajima
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan.
| | - Yasukazu Yoshida
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2217-14 Hayashi-cho, Takamatsu, Kagawa 761-0395, Japan.
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9
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Umeno A, Takashima M, Murotomi K, Nakajima Y, Koike T, Matsuo T, Yoshida Y. Radical-scavenging Activity and Antioxidative Effects of Olive Leaf Components Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol in Comparison with Homovanillic Alcohol. J Oleo Sci 2016; 64:793-800. [PMID: 26136177 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess15042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Olive leaf has great potential as a natural antioxidant, and one of its major phenolic components is oleuropein. In this study, the antioxidant activity of oleuropein against oxygen-centered radicals was measured by examining its sparing effects on the peroxyl radical-induced decay of fluorescein and pyrogallol red, in comparison with related compounds. The antioxidant capacity of oleuropein against lipid peroxidation was also assessed through its effect on the free radical-induced oxidation of methyl linoleate in a micelle system. On a molar basis, oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol inhibited the decay of fluorescein for longer than both homovanillic alcohol and the vitamin-E mimic 2-carboxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-6-chromanol (Trolox), but did not suppress pyrogallol red decay in a concentration-dependent manner. Measurement of the fluorescein decay period revealed that the stoichiometric number of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol against peroxyl radicals was twice that of Trolox, which is substantially higher than expectations based on chemical structure. Oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol were also more effective than Trolox and homovanillic alcohol at suppressing the oxidation of methyl linoleate in the micelle system. Thus, both oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol exhibit high antioxidative activity against lipid peroxidation induced by oxygen-centered radicals, but the high reactivity of phenolic/catecholic radicals makes their mechanism of action complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Umeno
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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10
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Ramos II, Gregório BJ, Barreiros L, Magalhães LM, Tóth IV, Reis S, Lima JL, Segundo MA. Programmable flow system for automation of oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay using pyrogallol red for estimation of antioxidant reactivity. Talanta 2016; 150:599-606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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11
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Morita M, Naito Y, Yoshikawa T, Niki E. Plasma lipid oxidation induced by peroxynitrite, hypochlorite, lipoxygenase and peroxyl radicals and its inhibition by antioxidants as assessed by diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine. Redox Biol 2016; 8:127-35. [PMID: 26774081 PMCID: PMC4732020 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid oxidation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Lipids are oxidized in vivo by several different oxidants to give diverse products, in general lipid hydroperoxides as the major primary product. In the present study, the production of lipid hydroperoxides in the oxidation of mouse plasma induced by multiple oxidants was measured using diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) as a probe. DPPP itself is not fluorescent, but it reacts with lipid hydroperoxides stochiometrically to give highly fluorescent DPPP oxide and lipid hydroxides. The production of lipid hydroperoxides could be followed continuously in the oxidation of plasma induced by peroxynitrite, hypochlorite, 15-lipoxygenase, and peroxyl radicals with a microplate reader. A clear lag phase was observed in the plasma oxidation mediated by aqueous peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite, but not in the oxidation induced by hypochlorite and lipoxygenase. The effects of several antioxidants against lipid oxidation induced by the above oxidants were assessed. The efficacy of antioxidants was dependent markedly on the type of oxidants. α-Tocopherol exerted potent antioxidant effects against peroxyl radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, but it did not inhibit lipid oxidation induced by peroxynitrite, hypochlorite, and 15-lipoxygenase efficiently, suggesting that multiple antioxidants with different selectivities are required for the inhibition of plasma lipid oxidation in vivo. This is a novel, simple and most high throughput method to follow plasma lipid oxidation induced by different oxidants and also to assess the antioxidant effects in biologically relevant settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Morita
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; Department of Gastrointestinal Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastrointestinal Immunology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Etsuo Niki
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Health Research Institute, Takamatsu 761-0395, Japan.
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12
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Dilek F, Ozkaya E, Kocyigit A, Yazici M, Guler EM, Dundaroz MR. Plasma total thiol pool in children with asthma: Modulation during montelukast monotherapy. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 29:84-9. [PMID: 26684630 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015621563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation, which is a hallmark of asthma, is one of the main sources of oxidative stress in the human body. Thiols are powerful antioxidants that protect cells against the consequences of oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate whether asthma and montelukast monotherapy affect the total plasma thiol pool in children. METHODS A total of 60 children with asthma and 35 healthy controls participated in the study. Group I consisted of newly diagnosed asthmatics who did not have regular anti-asthmatic therapy previously. Group II consisted of patients who had been undertaking montelukast monotherapy regularly for at least 4 months. Plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) and plasma total thiol (PTT) were measured using spectrophotometric methods. RESULTS Bronchial asthma patients in both groups I and II had decreased median TAS levels compared with the control group (1.59 [interquartile range, 1.04-1.70] and 1.67 [1.50-1.75] vs. 2.98 [2.76-3.16] Trolox equiv./L, respectively; P<0.001). Group I had decreased PTT concentrations compared with the control group (0.18 [0.16-0.20] vs. 0.21 [0.19-0.22] mmol/L; P<0.001), and group II had similar PTT levels to the control group (0.20 [0.17-0.22] mmol/L; P>0.05). In addition, the median TAS and PTT levels for groups I and II were not statistically different (P>0.05). There was a positive correlation between TAS and PTT levels (rho=0.38, P<0.05) in group I. CONCLUSION In order to balance the oxidative stress, both TAS and PTT which are markers of the antioxidant system are reduced in children with asthma. Montelukast monotherapy can limit oxidative stress and thus restore PTT levels but not TAS levels in asthmatic children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Dilek
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emin Ozkaya
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahim Kocyigit
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mebrure Yazici
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eray Metin Guler
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Rusen Dundaroz
- Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
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13
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Trujillo M, Alvarez B, Radi R. One- and two-electron oxidation of thiols: mechanisms, kinetics and biological fates. Free Radic Res 2015; 50:150-71. [PMID: 26329537 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2015.1089988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of biothiols participates not only in the defense against oxidative damage but also in enzymatic catalytic mechanisms and signal transduction processes. Thiols are versatile reductants that react with oxidizing species by one- and two-electron mechanisms, leading to thiyl radicals and sulfenic acids, respectively. These intermediates, depending on the conditions, participate in further reactions that converge on different stable products. Through this review, we will describe the biologically relevant species that are able to perform these oxidations and we will analyze the mechanisms and kinetics of the one- and two-electron reactions. The processes undergone by typical low-molecular-weight thiols as well as the particularities of specific thiol proteins will be described, including the molecular determinants proposed to account for the extraordinary reactivities of peroxidatic thiols. Finally, the main fates of the thiyl radical and sulfenic acid intermediates will be summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madia Trujillo
- a Departamento de Bioquímica , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay .,b Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay , and
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- b Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay , and.,c Laboratorio de Enzimología, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Rafael Radi
- a Departamento de Bioquímica , Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay .,b Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research , Universidad de la República , Montevideo , Uruguay , and
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14
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Miura Y, Honda S, Masuda A, Masuda T. Antioxidant activities of cysteine derivatives against lipid oxidation in anhydrous media. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:1452-5. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.918496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This study investigated antioxidant activities of cysteine derivatives of amino and carboxylic acid moieties against lipid oxidation in anhydrous acetonitrile. Only cysteine derivatives bearing free amino or carboxylate ion were found to exert potent antioxidant activities. Sequential proton loss and electron transfer-like proton shift and subsequent electron transfer (PS-ET) mechanism may facilitate the antioxidant activities of cysteine derivatives against lipid oxidation in anhydrous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Miura
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sari Honda
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akiko Masuda
- Faculty of Human Life Science, Shikoku University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Toshiya Masuda
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan
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15
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Niki E. Role of vitamin E as a lipid-soluble peroxyl radical scavenger: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 66:3-12. [PMID: 23557727 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 359] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Multiple reactive oxygen/nitrogen species induce oxidative stress. Mammals have evolved with an elaborate defense network against oxidative stress, in which multiple antioxidant compounds and enzymes with different functions exert their respective roles. Radical scavenging is one of the essential roles of antioxidants and vitamin E is the most abundant and important lipophilic radical-scavenging antioxidant in vivo. The kinetic data and physiological molar ratio of vitamin E to substrates show that the peroxyl radicals are the only radicals that vitamin E can scavenge to break chain propagation efficiently and that vitamin E is unable to act as a potent scavenger of hydroxyl, alkoxyl, nitrogen dioxide, and thiyl radicals in vivo. The preventive effect of vitamin E against the oxidation mediated by nonradical oxidants such as hypochlorite, singlet oxygen, ozone, and enzymes may be limited in vivo. The synergistic interaction of vitamin E and vitamin C is effective for enhancing the antioxidant capacity of vitamin E. The in vitro and in vivo evidence of the function of vitamin E as a peroxyl radical-scavenging antioxidant and inhibitor of lipid peroxidation is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuo Niki
- Health Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology, Ikeda, Osaka 563-8577, Japan.
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16
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Nakagawa Y, Suzuki T, Nakajima K, Inomata A, Ogata A, Nakae D. Effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine on target sites of hydroxylated fullerene-induced cytotoxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. Arch Toxicol 2013; 88:115-26. [PMID: 23877122 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-013-1096-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) on cytotoxicity caused by a hydroxylated fullerene [C60(OH)24], which is known a nanomaterial and/or a water-soluble fullerene derivative, were studied in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes. The exposure of hepatocytes to C60(OH)24 at a concentration of 0.1 mM caused time (0-3 h)-dependent cell death accompanied by the formation of cell blebs, loss of cellular ATP, and reduced glutathione (GSH) and protein thiol levels, as well as the accumulation of glutathione disulfide and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating lipid peroxidation. Despite this, C60(OH)24-induced cytotoxicity was effectively prevented by NAC pretreatment ranging in concentrations from 1 to 5 mM. Further, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and generation of oxygen radical species in hepatocytes incubated with C60(OH)24 were inhibited by pretreatment with NAC, which caused increases in cellular and/or mitochondrial levels of GSH, accompanied by increased levels of cysteine via enzymatic deacetylation of NAC. On the other hand, severe depletion of cellular GSH levels caused by diethyl maleate at a concentration of 1.25 mM led to the enhancement of C60(OH)24-induced cell death accompanied by a rapid loss of ATP. Taken collectively, these results indicate that pretreatment with NAC ameliorates (a) mitochondrial dysfunction linked to the depletion of ATP, MMP, and mitochondrial GSH level and (b) induction of oxidative stress assessed by reactive oxygen species generation, losses of intracellular GSH and protein thiol levels, and MDA formation caused by C60(OH)24, suggesting that the onset of toxic effects is at least partially attributable to a thiol redox-state imbalance as well as mitochondrial dysfunction related to oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nakagawa
- Division of Toxicology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Public Health, 3-24-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-0073, Japan,
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17
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Atala E, Velásquez G, Vergara C, Mardones C, Reyes J, Tapia RA, Quina F, Mendes MA, Speisky H, Lissi E, Ureta-Zañartu MS, Aspée A, López-Alarcón C. Mechanism of Pyrogallol Red Oxidation Induced by Free Radicals and Reactive Oxidant Species. A Kinetic and Spectroelectrochemistry Study. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:4870-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp400423w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Atala
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad
de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - G. Velásquez
- Departamento de Ciencias del
Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile
| | - C. Vergara
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - C. Mardones
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - J. Reyes
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad
de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - R. A. Tapia
- Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
| | - F. Quina
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. A. Mendes
- Instituto de Química, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - H. Speisky
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología
de los Alimentos, INTA, Universidad de Chile
| | - E. Lissi
- Departamento de Ciencias del
Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile
| | - M. S. Ureta-Zañartu
- Departamento de Ciencias del
Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile
| | - A. Aspée
- Departamento de Ciencias del
Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile
| | - C. López-Alarcón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad
de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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