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Li J, Zheng S, Cheng T, Li Y, Mai X, Jiang G, Yang Y, Zhang Q, Li J, Zheng L, Wang L, Qi C. Decylubiquinone Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Growth Through Upregulating Sirtuin2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:804265. [PMID: 35177983 PMCID: PMC8844026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.804265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Decylubiquinone (DUb), a coenzyme Q10 analog, was reported to inhibit breast cancer growth and metastasis by us. However, the influence of DUb on CRC remains unclear. Herein, we found that DUb significantly inhibited CRC growth in the patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and CT26 xenograft models. DUb was further identified to significantly suppress CRC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner, while not inhibiting CRC cell apoptosis from flow cytometry assay. Sirtuin2 (SIRT2), a member of the sirtuin protein family, plays a critical role in growth and metastasis in various cancers. Moreover, DUb inhibited CRC progression by upregulating SIRT2. These findings reveal that DUb has the potential to a novel drug for the treatment of CRC by inhibiting CRC cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlian Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Mai
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guangchun Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongxia Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiangchao Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Zheng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiling Qi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Coenzyme Q 10 Analogues: Benefits and Challenges for Therapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020236. [PMID: 33557229 PMCID: PMC7913973 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10 or ubiquinone) is a mobile proton and electron carrier of the mitochondrial respiratory chain with antioxidant properties widely used as an antiaging health supplement and to relieve the symptoms of many pathological conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Even though the hegemony of CoQ10 in the context of antioxidant-based treatments is undeniable, the future primacy of this quinone is hindered by the promising features of its numerous analogues. Despite the unimpeachable performance of CoQ10 therapies, problems associated with their administration and intraorganismal delivery has led clinicians and scientists to search for alternative derivative molecules. Over the past few years, a wide variety of CoQ10 analogues with improved properties have been developed. These analogues conserve the antioxidant features of CoQ10 but present upgraded characteristics such as water solubility or enhanced mitochondrial accumulation. Moreover, recent studies have proven that some of these analogues might even outperform CoQ10 in the treatment of certain specific diseases. The aim of this review is to provide detailed information about these Coenzyme Q10 analogues, as well as their functionality and medical applications.
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Gao HL, Yu XJ, Qi J, Yi QY, Jing WH, Sun WY, Cui W, Mu JJ, Yuan ZY, Zhao XF, Liu KL, Zhu GQ, Shi XL, Liu JJ, Kang YM. Oral CoQ10 attenuates high salt-induced hypertension by restoring neurotransmitters and cytokines in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30301. [PMID: 27452860 PMCID: PMC4958989 DOI: 10.1038/srep30301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
High salt intake leads to an increase in some proinflammatory cytokines and neurotransmitters involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The purpose of this work was to know if oral administration of anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenger CoQ10 may attenuate high salt-induced hypertension via regulating neurotransmitters and cytokines in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed with a normal salt diet (NS, 0.3% NaCl) or a high salt diet (HS, 8% NaCl) for 15 weeks to induce hypertension. These rats received CoQ10 (10 mg/kg/day) dissolved in olive oil was given by gavage (10 mg/kg/day) for 15 weeks. HS resulted in higher mean arterial pressure (MAP) and the sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). These HS rats had higher PVN levels of norepinephrine (NE), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), interleukin (IL)-1β, NOX2 and NOX4, lower PVN levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), IL-10, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) and the 67-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67), as compared with NS group. CoQ10 supplementation reduced NE, TH, IL-1β, NOX2 and NOX4 in the PVN, and induced IL-10, Cu/Zn-SOD and GAD67 in the PVN. These findings suggest that CoQ10 supplementation restores neurotransmitters and cytokines in the PVN, thereby attenuating high salt-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Yi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wang-Hui Jing
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wen-Yan Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jian-Jun Mu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Zu-Yi Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Guo-Qing Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Xiao-Lian Shi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jin-Jun Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
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Alam MA, Rahman MM. Mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity: potential benefit and mechanism of Co-enzyme Q10 supplementation in metabolic syndrome. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:60. [PMID: 24932457 PMCID: PMC4057567 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Co-enzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) is an essential component of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Most cells are sensitive to co-enzyme Q10 (Co-Q10) deficiency. This deficiency has been implicated in several clinical disorders such as heart failure, hypertension, Parkinson's disease and obesity. The lipid lowering drug statin inhibits conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate and lowers plasma Co-Q10 concentrations. However, supplementation with Co-Q10 improves the pathophysiological condition of statin therapy. Recent evidence suggests that Co-Q10 supplementation may be useful for the treatment of obesity, oxidative stress and the inflammatory process in metabolic syndrome. The anti-inflammatory response and lipid metabolizing effect of Co-Q10 is probably mediated by transcriptional regulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism. This paper reviews the evidence showing beneficial role of Co-Q10 supplementation and its potential mechanism of action on contributing factors of metabolic and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Ashraful Alam
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Murad LB, Guimarães MRM, Vianna LM. Alpha-tocopherol protects against memory impairment caused by L-NAME and modulates the injury marker and blood coagulant parameters. Biofactors 2011; 37:315-22. [PMID: 21793069 DOI: 10.1002/biof.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular disease studies have shown similarity between humans and spontaneously hypertensive rats stroke-prone rats in the development of spontaneous stroke and transitory ischemic attacks (TIA). In addition, nitric oxide (NO) suppression by L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) can precipitate several vascular diseases including TIA and strokes. On the other hand, alpha-tocopherol (AT) has been associated with beneficial effects on vascular disorders. Four groups were tested to evaluate AT effects on NO inhibition: AT, control (C), AT + L-NAME, and L-NAME. During 4 weeks, all groups had their physiologic parameters evaluated and were submitted to neurological tests. After the sacrifice of the animals, total L-lactate dehydrogenase, fibrinogen levels, and platelet counts were measured. Our results demonstrated improvement in memory function and sensory-motor function of the rats treated with AT. The AT treatment also demonstrated a significant difference on the injury identifier, fibrinogen levels, and platelet count between the treated groups and the L-NAME group. In conclusion, AT reversed damaging L-NAME neurological effects and could be considered as a possible protective agent in neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Borges Murad
- Neuroscience Program, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro State (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tsai KL, Huang YH, Kao CL, Yang DM, Lee HC, Chou HY, Chen YC, Chiou GY, Chen LH, Yang YP, Chiu TH, Tsai CS, Ou HC, Chiou SH. A novel mechanism of coenzyme Q10 protects against human endothelial cells from oxidative stress-induced injury by modulating NO-related pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:458-68. [PMID: 21684136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall associated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a potent antioxidant and a critical intermediate of the electron transport chain, has been reported to inhibit LDL oxidation and thus the progression of atherosclerosis. However, its molecular mechanisms on endothelial cells remain still unclarified. METHODS In this study, primary human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures treated with oxLDL were used to explore the protective effects of CoQ10. RESULTS Our results showed that CoQ10 attenuated the oxLDL-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and improved the antioxidant capacity. CoQ10 also attenuated the oxLDL-mediated down-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, CoQ10 suppressed oxLDL-activated NF-κB and downstream inflammatory mediators, including expression of adhesion molecules, release of proinflammatory cytokines and the adherence of monocytic THP-1 cells. Moreover, CoQ10 attenuated oxLDL-altered proapoptotic responses. The inhibitor of eNOS (L-NIO 10 μM) and iNOS (1400W 10 μM) as well as NO enhancer (SNP 10 μM) were used to clean up the mechanism. CONCLUSION These results provide new insight into the possible molecular mechanisms by which CoQ10 protects against atherogenesis by NO-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ling Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sivitz WI, Yorek MA. Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetes: from molecular mechanisms to functional significance and therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:537-77. [PMID: 19650713 PMCID: PMC2824521 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 507] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given their essential function in aerobic metabolism, mitochondria are intuitively of interest in regard to the pathophysiology of diabetes. Qualitative, quantitative, and functional perturbations in mitochondria have been identified and affect the cause and complications of diabetes. Moreover, as a consequence of fuel oxidation, mitochondria generate considerable reactive oxygen species (ROS). Evidence is accumulating that these radicals per se are important in the pathophysiology of diabetes and its complications. In this review, we first present basic concepts underlying mitochondrial physiology. We then address mitochondrial function and ROS as related to diabetes. We consider different forms of diabetes and address both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. We also address the role of mitochondrial uncoupling and coenzyme Q. Finally, we address the potential for targeting mitochondria in the therapy of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William I Sivitz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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