1
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Sun YN, Chen WW, Yao SJ, Lin DQ. Model-assisted process development, characterization and design of continuous chromatography for antibody separation. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1707:464302. [PMID: 37607430 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Continuous manufacturing in monoclonal antibody production has generated increased interest due to its consistent quality, high productivity, high equipment utilization, and low cost. One of the major challenges in realizing continuous biological manufacturing lies in implementing continuous chromatography. Given the complex operation mode and various operation parameters, it is challenging to develop a continuous process. Due to the process parameters being mainly determined by the breakthrough curves and elution behaviors, chromatographic modeling has gradually been used to assist in process development and characterization. Model-assisted approaches could realize multi-parameter interaction investigation and multi-objective optimization by integrating continuous process models. These approaches could reduce time and resource consumption while achieving a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the process. This paper reviews the application of modeling tools in continuous chromatography process development, characterization and design. Model-assisted process development approaches for continuous capture and polishing steps are introduced and summarized. The challenges and potential of model-assisted process characterization are discussed, emphasizing the need for further research on the design space determination strategy and parameter robustness analysis method. Additionally, some model applications for process design were highlighted to promote the establishment of the process optimization and process simulation platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Na Sun
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wu-Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shan-Jing Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dong-Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Smart Biomaterials, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Lopez-Morales J, Vanella R, Kovacevic G, Santos MS, Nash MA. Titrating Avidity of Yeast-Displayed Proteins Using a Transcriptional Regulator. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:419-431. [PMID: 36728831 PMCID: PMC9942200 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Yeast surface display is a valuable tool for protein engineering and directed evolution; however, significant variability in the copy number (i.e., avidity) of displayed variants on the yeast cell wall complicates screening and selection campaigns. Here, we report an engineered titratable display platform that modulates the avidity of Aga2-fusion proteins on the yeast cell wall dependent on the concentration of the anhydrotetracycline (aTc) inducer. Our design is based on a genomic Aga1 gene copy and an episomal Aga2-fusion construct both under the control of an aTc-dependent transcriptional regulator that enables stoichiometric and titratable expression, secretion, and display of Aga2-fusion proteins. We demonstrate tunable display levels over 2-3 orders of magnitude for various model proteins, including glucose oxidase enzyme variants, mechanostable dockerin-binding domains, and anti-PDL1 affibody domains. By regulating the copy number of displayed proteins, we demonstrate the effects of titratable avidity levels on several specific phenotypic activities, including enzyme activity and cell adhesion to surfaces under shear flow. Finally, we show that titrating down the display level allows yeast-based binding affinity measurements to be performed in a regime that avoids ligand depletion effects while maintaining small sample volumes, avoiding a well-known artifact in yeast-based binding assays. The ability to titrate the multivalency of proteins on the yeast cell wall through simple inducer control will benefit protein engineering and directed evolution methodology relying on yeast display for broad classes of therapeutic and diagnostic proteins of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanan Lopez-Morales
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland,Swiss
Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland,Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Vanella
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland,Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Gordana Kovacevic
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland,Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Mariana Sá Santos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland,Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Michael A. Nash
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel 4058, Switzerland,Swiss
Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Basel 4056, Switzerland,Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH
Zurich, Basel 4058, Switzerland,
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3
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Ledsgaard L, Ljungars A, Rimbault C, Sørensen CV, Tulika T, Wade J, Wouters Y, McCafferty J, Laustsen AH. Advances in antibody phage display technology. Drug Discov Today 2022; 27:2151-2169. [PMID: 35550436 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Phage display technology can be used for the discovery of antibodies for research, diagnostic, and therapeutic purposes. In this review, we present and discuss key parameters that can be optimized when performing phage display selection campaigns, including the use of different antibody formats and advanced strategies for antigen presentation, such as immobilization, liposomes, nanodiscs, virus-like particles, and whole cells. Furthermore, we provide insights into selection strategies that can be used for the discovery of antibodies with complex binding requirements, such as targeting a specific epitope, cross-reactivity, or pH-dependent binding. Lastly, we provide a description of specialized phage display libraries for the discovery of bispecific antibodies and pH-sensitive antibodies. Together, these methods can be used to improve antibody discovery campaigns against all types of antigen. Teaser: This review provides an overview of the different strategies that can be exploited to improve the success rate of antibody phage display discovery campaigns, addressing key parameters, such as antigen presentation, selection methodologies, and specialized libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Ledsgaard
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Anne Ljungars
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Rimbault
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christoffer V Sørensen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tulika Tulika
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jack Wade
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yessica Wouters
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - John McCafferty
- Department of Medicine, Addenbrookes Hospital, Box 157, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK; Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andreas H Laustsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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4
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Traboulsi H, Khedr MA, Al-Faiyz YSS, Elgorashe R, Negm A. Structure-Based Epitope Design: Toward a Greater Antibody-SARS-CoV-2 RBD Affinity. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31469-31476. [PMID: 34869973 PMCID: PMC8637584 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient COVID-19 vaccines are widely acknowledged as the best way to end the global pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) plays fundamental roles related to cell infection. Antibodies could be developed to target RBD and represent a potential approach for the neutralization of the virus. Epitopes used to produce antibodies are generally linear peptides and thus possess multiple confirmations that do not reflect the actual topology of the targeted part in the native protein. On the other hand, macrocyclic epitopes could constitute closer mimics of the native protein topology and, as such, could generate superior antibodies. In this study, we demonstrated the vital effect of the size and the three-dimensional shape of epitopes on the activity of the developed antibodies against the RBD of SARS-CoV-2. The molecular dynamics studies showed the greater stability of the cyclic epitopes compared with the linear counterparts, which was reflected in the affinity of the produced antibodies. The antibodies developed using macrocyclic epitopes showed superiority with respect to binding to RBD compared to antibodies formed from linear peptides. This study constitutes a roadmap for developing superior antibodies that could be used to inhibit the activity of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Traboulsi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Khedr
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-AHasa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, P.O. Box Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Yasair S. S. Al-Faiyz
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rafea Elgorashe
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Negm
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal
University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry
Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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5
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Sales-Dias J, Ferreira A, Lamy M, Domenici G, Monteiro SMS, Pires A, Lemos AR, Kucheryava K, Nobre LS, Sousa PMF, Bandeiras TM, Silva G, Barbas A. Development of antibodies against the notch ligand Delta-Like-1 by phage display with activity against breast cancer cells. N Biotechnol 2021; 64:17-26. [PMID: 33992842 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Notch signalling is a well-established oncogenic pathway, and its ligand Delta-like 1 (DLL1) is overexpressed in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancers and associated with poor patient prognosis. Hence, DLL1 has become an interesting therapeutic target for breast cancer. Here, the development of specific functional blocking anti-DLL1 antibodies with potential activity against ER+ breast cancer cells is reported. Human DLL1 proteins, containing the essential regions for binding to the Notch receptor and Notch signalling activation, were produced and used to select specific scFv antibody fragments by phage display. Fifteen unique scFvs were identified and reformatted into full IgGs. Characterization of these antibodies by ELISA, surface plasmon resonance and flow cytometry enabled selection of three specific anti-DLL1 IgGs, sharing identical VH regions, with nM affinities. Cellular assays on ER+ breast cancer MCF-7 cells showed that one of the IgGs (IgG-69) was able to partially impair DLL1-mediated activation of the Notch pathway, as determined by Notch reporter and RT-qPCR assays, and to attenuate cell growth. Treatment of MCF-7 cells with IgG-69 reduced mammosphere formation, suggesting that it decreases the breast cancer stem cell subpopulation. These results support the use of this strategy to develop and identify potential anti-DLL1 antibodies candidates against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sales-Dias
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, (Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier), Nova University Lisbon, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Andreia Ferreira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Márcia Lamy
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Giacomo Domenici
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, (Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier), Nova University Lisbon, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Sandra M S Monteiro
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - António Pires
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana R Lemos
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, (Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier), Nova University Lisbon, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Khrystyna Kucheryava
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Lígia S Nobre
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Pedro M F Sousa
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, (Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier), Nova University Lisbon, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Tiago M Bandeiras
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; ITQB, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, (Institute of Chemical and Biological Technology António Xavier), Nova University Lisbon, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Silva
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Barbas
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, (Institute of Experimental and Technological Biology), Oeiras, Portugal; Bayer Portugal, LDA, Rua Quinta Do Pinheiro, Carnaxide, 2790-143, Portugal.
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6
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Tiernan H, Byrne B, Kazarian SG. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging for the analysis of biopharmaceuticals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118636. [PMID: 32610215 PMCID: PMC7308041 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy is a label-free, non-destructive technique that can be applied to a vast range of biological applications, from imaging cancer tissues and live cells, to determining protein content and protein secondary structure composition. This review summarises the recent advances in applications of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to biopharmaceuticals, the application of this technique to biosimilars, and the current uses of FTIR spectroscopy in biopharmaceutical production. We discuss the use of ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging to investigate biopharmaceuticals, and finally, give an outlook on the possible future developments and applications of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging to this field. Throughout the review comparisons will be made between FTIR spectroscopy and alternative analytical techniques, and areas will be identified where FTIR spectroscopy could perhaps offer a better alternative in future studies. This review focuses on the most recent advances in the field of using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging to characterise and evaluate biopharmaceuticals, both in industrial and academic research based environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Tiernan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, UK; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
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7
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Hutchings CJ, Colussi P, Clark TG. Ion channels as therapeutic antibody targets. MAbs 2018; 11:265-296. [PMID: 30526315 PMCID: PMC6380435 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1548232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that antibodies have numerous potential benefits when developed as therapeutics. Here, we evaluate the technical challenges of raising antibodies to membrane-spanning proteins together with enabling technologies that may facilitate the discovery of antibody therapeutics to ion channels. Additionally, we discuss the potential targeting opportunities in the anti-ion channel antibody landscape, along with a number of case studies where functional antibodies that target ion channels have been reported. Antibodies currently in development and progressing towards the clinic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore G. Clark
- TetraGenetics Inc, Arlington Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York, USA
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8
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Colley CS, England E, Linley JE, Wilkinson TCI. Screening Strategies for the Discovery of Ion Channel Monoclonal Antibodies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 82:e44. [DOI: 10.1002/cpph.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S. Colley
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune; Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth England
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune; Cambridge United Kingdom
| | - John E. Linley
- Neuroscience, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca; Cambridge United Kingdom
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9
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Opportunities for therapeutic antibodies directed at G-protein-coupled receptors. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2017; 16:787-810. [PMID: 28706220 DOI: 10.1038/nrd.2017.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are activated by a diverse range of ligands, from large proteins and proteases to small peptides, metabolites, neurotransmitters and ions. They are expressed on all cells in the body and have key roles in physiology and homeostasis. As such, GPCRs are one of the most important target classes for therapeutic drug discovery. The development of drugs targeting GPCRs has therapeutic value across a wide range of diseases, including cancer, immune and inflammatory disorders as well as neurological and metabolic diseases. The progress made by targeting GPCRs with antibody-based therapeutics, as well as technical hurdles to overcome, are presented and discussed in this Review. Antibody therapeutics targeting C-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CCR4), CCR5 and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) are used as illustrative clinical case studies.
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10
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Discovery of functional monoclonal antibodies targeting G-protein-coupled receptors and ion channels. Biochem Soc Trans 2017; 44:831-7. [PMID: 27284048 DOI: 10.1042/bst20160028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of recombinant antibody therapeutics is a significant area of growth in the pharmaceutical industry with almost 50 approved monoclonal antibodies on the market in the US and Europe. Despite this growth, however, certain classes of important molecular targets have remained intractable to therapeutic antibodies due to complexity of the target molecules. These complex target molecules include G-protein-coupled receptors and ion channels which represent a large potential target class for therapeutic intervention with monoclonal antibodies. Although these targets have typically been addressed by small molecule approaches, the exquisite specificity of antibodies provides a significant opportunity to provide selective modulation of these target proteins. Given this opportunity, substantial effort has been applied to address the technical challenges of targeting these complex membrane proteins with monoclonal antibodies. In this review recent progress made in the strategies for discovery of functional monoclonal antibodies for these challenging membrane protein targets is addressed.
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11
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Development of therapeutic antibodies to G protein-coupled receptors and ion channels: Opportunities, challenges and their therapeutic potential in respiratory diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2016; 169:113-123. [PMID: 27153991 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The development of recombinant antibody therapeutics continues to be a significant area of growth in the pharmaceutical industry with almost 50 approved monoclonal antibodies on the market in the US and Europe. Therapeutic drug targets such as soluble cytokines, growth factors and single transmembrane spanning receptors have been successfully targeted by recombinant monoclonal antibodies and the development of new product candidates continues. Despite this growth, however, certain classes of important disease targets have remained intractable to therapeutic antibodies due to the complexity of the target molecules. These complex target molecules include G protein-coupled receptors and ion channels which represent a large target class for therapeutic intervention with monoclonal antibodies. Although these targets have typically been addressed by small molecule approaches, the exquisite specificity of antibodies provides a significant opportunity to provide selective modulation of these important regulators of cell function. Given this opportunity, a significant effort has been applied to address the challenges of targeting these complex molecules and a number of targets are linked to the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. In this review, we provide a summary of the importance of GPCRs and ion channels involved in respiratory disease and discuss advantages offered by antibodies as therapeutics at these targets. We highlight some recent GPCRs and ion channels linked to respiratory disease mechanisms and describe in detail recent progress made in the strategies for discovery of functional antibodies against challenging membrane protein targets such as GPCRs and ion channels.
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12
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Selecting an Optimal Antibody for Antibody- Drug Conjugate Therapy. ANTIBODY-DRUG CONJUGATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-13081-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Butler R, Hornigold D, Huang L, Huntington C, London T, Dillon J, Tigue NJ, Rossi A, Naylor J, Wilkinson T. Use of the site-specific retargeting jump-in platform cell line to support biologic drug discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 20:528-35. [PMID: 25534831 DOI: 10.1177/1087057114562715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Biologics represent a fast-growing class of therapeutics in the pharmaceutical sector. Discovery of therapeutic antibodies and characterization of peptides can necessitate high expression of the target gene requiring the generation of clonal stably transfected cell lines. Traditional challenges of stable cell line transfection include gene silencing and cell-to-cell variability. Our inability to control these can present challenges in lead isolation. Recent progress in site-specific targeting of transgene to specific genomic loci has transformed the ability to generate stably transfected mammalian cell lines. In this article, we describe how the use of the Jump-In platform (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA) has been applied to drug discovery projects. It can easily and rapidly generate homogeneous high-expressing cell pools with a high degree of reproducibility. Their use in cell-based screening to identify specific binders, identify binding to relevant species variants, or detect functionally relevant therapeutic antibodies is central in driving drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Butler
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Hornigold
- MedImmune, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ling Huang
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tim London
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janette Dillon
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
| | - Natalie J Tigue
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Trevor Wilkinson
- MedImmune, Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, Cambridge, UK
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14
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Wilkinson TCI, Gardener MJ, Williams WA. Discovery of Functional Antibodies Targeting Ion Channels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 20:454-67. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057114560698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ion channels play critical roles in physiology and disease by modulation of cellular functions such as electrical excitability, secretion, cell migration, and gene transcription. Ion channels represent an important target class for drug discovery that has been largely addressed, to date, using small-molecule approaches. A significant opportunity exists to target these channels with antibodies and alternative formats of biologics. Antibodies display high specificity and affinity for their target antigen, and they have the potential to target ion channels very selectively. Nevertheless, isolating antibodies to this target class is challenging due to the difficulties in expression and purification of ion channels in a format suitable for antibody drug discovery in addition to the complexity of screening for function. In this article, we will review the current state of ion channel biologics discovery and the progress that has been made. We will also highlight the challenges in isolating functional antibodies to these targets and how these challenges may be addressed. Finally, we also illustrate successful approaches to isolating functional monoclonal antibodies targeting ion channels by way of a number of case studies drawn from recent publications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wendy A. Williams
- Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, MedImmune, Cambridge, UK
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15
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Abstract
This Special issue, Biopharmaceuticals - discovery, development and manufacturing is edited by Alois Jungbauer and Klaus Graumann and includes articles on various aspects of the development of biopharmaceuticals. Topics covered include the importance of antigen presentation in creating and selecting binding molecules, G-protein-coupled receptors as drug targets, and continuous downstream processing.
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