1
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Su D, Swearson S, Eliason S, Rice K, Amendt B. RNA Technology to Regenerate and Repair Alveolar Bone Defects. J Dent Res 2024; 103:622-630. [PMID: 38715225 PMCID: PMC11122091 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241242047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
microRNA-200a (miR-200a) targets multiple signaling pathways that are involved in osteogenic differentiation and bone development. However, its therapeutic function in osteogenesis and bone regeneration remains unknown. In this study, we use in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the molecular function of miR-200a overexpression and miR-200a inhibition using a plasmid-based miR inhibitor system (PMIS) on osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration. Inhibition of miR-200a using PMIS-miR-200a significantly increased osteogenic biomarkers of human embryonic palatal mesenchyme cells and promoted bone regeneration in rat tooth socket defects. In rat maxillary M1 molar extractions, the supporting tooth structures were removed with an implant drill to yield a 3-mm defect in the alveolar bone. A collagen sponge was inserted into the open alveolar defect and PMIS-miR-200a plasmid DNA was added to the sponge and the wound sutured to protect the sponge and close the defect. It was important to remove the existing tooth supporting structure, which can influence alveolar bone regeneration. The alveolar bone was regenerated in 4 wk. The collagen sponge acts to stabilize and deliver the PMIS-miR-200a DNA to cells entering the sponge in the bone defect. We show that mesenchymal stem cells expressing CD90 and Stro-1 enter the sponges, take up the DNA, and express PMIS-miR-200a. PMIS-miR-200a initiates a bone regeneration program in transformed cells in vivo. In vitro inhibition of miR-200a was found to upregulate Wnt and BMP signaling activity as well as Runx2, OCN, Lef-1, Msx2, and Dlx5 associated with osteogenesis. Liver and blood toxicity testing of PMIS-miR-200a-treated rats showed no increase in several biomarkers of liver disease. These results demonstrate the therapeutic function of PMIS-miR-200a for rapid bone regeneration. Furthermore, the studies were designed to demonstrate the ease of use of PMIS-miR-200a in solution and applied using a syringe in the clinic through a simple one-time application.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S. Swearson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - S. Eliason
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - K.G. Rice
- Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - B.A. Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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2
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Remy M, Upara C, Ding QJ, Miszuk JM, Sun H, Hong L. MicroRNA-200c Release from Gelatin-Coated 3D-Printed PCL Scaffolds Enhances Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2337-2350. [PMID: 38531043 PMCID: PMC11005014 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The fabrication of clinically relevant synthetic bone grafts relies on combining multiple biodegradable biomaterials to create a structure that supports the regeneration of defects while delivering osteogenic biomolecules that enhance regeneration. MicroRNA-200c (miR-200c) functions as a potent osteoinductive biomolecule to enhance osteogenic differentiation and bone formation; however, synthetic tissue-engineered bone grafts that sustain the delivery of miR-200c for bone regeneration have not yet been evaluated. In this study, we created novel, multimaterial, synthetic bone grafts from gelatin-coated 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. We attempted to optimize the release of pDNA encoding miR-200c by varying gelatin types, concentrations, and polymer crosslinking materials to improve its functions for bone regeneration. We revealed that by modulating gelatin type, coating material concentration, and polymer crosslinking, we effectively altered the release rates of pDNA encoding miR-200c, which promoted osteogenic differentiation in vitro and bone regeneration in a critical-sized calvarial bone defect animal model. We also demonstrated that crosslinking the gelatin coatings on the PCL scaffolds with low-concentration glutaraldehyde was biocompatible and increased cell attachment. These results strongly indicate the potential use of gelatin-based systems for pDNA encoding microRNA delivery in gene therapy and further demonstrate the effectiveness of miR-200c for enhancing bone regeneration from synthetic bone grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew
T. Remy
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
- Roy
J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Chawin Upara
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Qiong J. Ding
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Jacob M. Miszuk
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Hongli Sun
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Liu Hong
- Iowa
Institute for Oral Health Research, College
of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
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3
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Yao J, Xin R, Zhao C, Yu C. MicroRNAs in osteoblast differentiation and fracture healing: From pathogenesis to therapeutic implication. Injury 2024; 55:111410. [PMID: 38359711 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The term "fracture" pertains to the occurrence of bones being either fully or partially disrupted as a result of external forces. Prolonged fracture healing can present a notable danger to the patient's general health and overall quality of life. The significance of osteoblasts in the process of new bone formation is widely recognized, and optimizing their function could be a desirable strategy. Therefore, the mending of bone fractures is intricately linked to the processes of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode for proteins, but rather modulate the functioning of physiological processes by directly targeting proteins. The participation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in experimental investigations has been extensive, and their control functions have earned them the recognition as primary regulators of the human genome. Earlier studies have shown that modulating the expression of miRNAs, either by increasing or decreasing their levels, can initiate the differentiation of osteoblasts. This implies that miRNAs play a pivotal function in promoting osteogenesis, facilitating bone mineralization and formation, ultimately leading to an efficient healing of fractures. Hence, focusing on miRNAs can be considered a propitious therapeutic approach to accelerate the healing of fractures and forestall nonunion. In this manner, the information supplied by this investigation has the potential to aid in upcoming clinical utilization, including its possible use as biomarkers or as resources for devising innovative therapeutic tactics aimed at promoting fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilong Yao
- Department of surgery teaching and research section, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Ruiwen Xin
- Department of surgery teaching and research section, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Shangrao municipal hospital, Shangrao, 334000, China
| | - Chunfu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shangrao municipal hospital, Shangrao, 334000, China.
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4
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Guo X, Song P, Li F, Yan Q, Bai Y, He J, Che Q, Cao H, Guo J, Su Z. Research Progress of Design Drugs and Composite Biomaterials in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3595-3622. [PMID: 37416848 PMCID: PMC10321437 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s415666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone, like most organs, has the ability to heal naturally and can be repaired slowly when it is slightly injured. However, in the case of bone defects caused by diseases or large shocks, surgical intervention and treatment of bone substitutes are needed, and drugs are actively matched to promote osteogenesis or prevent infection. Oral administration or injection for systemic therapy is a common way of administration in clinic, although it is not suitable for the long treatment cycle of bone tissue, and the drugs cannot exert the greatest effect or even produce toxic and side effects. In order to solve this problem, the structure or carrier simulating natural bone tissue is constructed to control the loading or release of the preparation with osteogenic potential, thus accelerating the repair of bone defect. Bioactive materials provide potential advantages for bone tissue regeneration, such as physical support, cell coverage and growth factors. In this review, we discuss the application of bone scaffolds with different structural characteristics made of polymers, ceramics and other composite materials in bone regeneration engineering and drug release, and look forward to its prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Guo
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Song
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qihao Yan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jincan He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Science City, Guangzhou, 510663, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Zhongshan, 528458, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
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5
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You J, Liu M, Li M, Zhai S, Quni S, Zhang L, Liu X, Jia K, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. The Role of HIF-1α in Bone Regeneration: A New Direction and Challenge in Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098029. [PMID: 37175732 PMCID: PMC10179302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The process of repairing significant bone defects requires the recruitment of a considerable number of cells for osteogenesis-related activities, which implies the consumption of a substantial amount of oxygen and nutrients. Therefore, the limited supply of nutrients and oxygen at the defect site is a vital constraint that affects the regenerative effect, which is closely related to the degree of a well-established vascular network. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), which is an essential transcription factor activated in hypoxic environments, plays a vital role in vascular network construction. HIF-1α, which plays a central role in regulating cartilage and bone formation, induces vascular invasion and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells to promote and maintain extracellular matrix production by mediating the adaptive response of cells to changes in oxygen levels. However, the application of HIF-1α in bone tissue engineering is still controversial. As such, clarifying the function of HIF-1α in regulating the bone regeneration process is one of the urgent issues that need to be addressed. This review provides insight into the mechanisms of HIF-1α action in bone regeneration and related recent advances. It also describes current strategies for applying hypoxia induction and hypoxia mimicry in bone tissue engineering, providing theoretical support for the use of HIF-1α in establishing a novel and feasible bone repair strategy in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian You
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Manxuan Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Minghui Li
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shaobo Zhai
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Sezhen Quni
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiuyu Liu
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kewen Jia
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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6
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Su D, Swearson S, Krongbaramee T, Sun H, Hong L, Amendt BA. Exploring microRNAs in craniofacial regenerative medicine. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:841-854. [PMID: 37073783 DOI: 10.1042/bst20221448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRs) have been reported over the decades as important regulators in bone development and bone regeneration. They play important roles in maintaining the stem cell signature as well as regulating stem cell fate decisions. Thus, delivering miRs and miR inhibitors to the defect site is a potential treatment towards craniofacial bone defects. However, there are challenges in translation of basic research to clinics, including the efficiency, specificity, and efficacy of miR manipulation methods and the safety of miR delivery systems. In this review, we will compare miR oligonucleotides, mimics and antagomirs as therapeutic reagents to treat disease and regenerate tissues. Newer technology will be discussed as well as the efficiency and efficacy of using these technologies to express or inhibit miRs in treating and repairing oral tissues. Delivery of these molecules using extracellular vesicles and nanoparticles can achieve different results and depending on their composition will elicit specific effects. We will highlight the specificity, toxicity, stability, and effectiveness of several miR systems in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Su
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Samuel Swearson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Tadkamol Krongbaramee
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Hongli Sun
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Liu Hong
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Craniofacial Anomalies Research Center, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, U.S.A
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7
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Zheng Z, Wu L, Li Z, Tang R, Li H, Huang Y, Wang T, Xu S, Cheng H, Ye Z, Xiao D, Lin X, Wu G, Jaspers RT, Pathak JL. Mir155 regulates osteogenesis and bone mass phenotype via targeting S1pr1 gene. eLife 2023; 12:77742. [PMID: 36598122 PMCID: PMC9839347 DOI: 10.7554/elife.77742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-155 (miR155) is overexpressed in various inflammatory diseases and cancer, in which bone resorption and osteolysis are frequently observed. However, the role of miR155 on osteogenesis and bone mass phenotype is still unknown. Here, we report a low bone mass phenotype in the long bone of Mir155-Tg mice compared with wild-type mice. In contrast, Mir155-KO mice showed a high bone mass phenotype and protective effect against inflammation-induced bone loss. Mir155-KO mice showed robust bone regeneration in the ectopic and orthotopic model, but Mir155-Tg mice showed compromised bone regeneration compared with the wild-type mice. Similarly, the osteogenic differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) from Mir155-KO mice was robust and Mir155-Tg was compromised compared with that of wild-type mice. Moreover, Mir155 knockdown in BMSCs from wild-type mice showed higher osteogenic differentiation potential, supporting the results from Mir155-KO mice. TargetScan analysis predicted sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 (S1pr1) as a target gene of Mir155, which was further confirmed by luciferase assay and Mir155 knockdown. S1pr1 overexpression in BMSCs robustly promoted osteogenic differentiation without affecting cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, osteoclastogenic differentiation of Mir155-Tg bone marrow-derived macrophages was inhibited compared with that of wild-type mice. Thus, Mir155 showed a catabolic effect on osteogenesis and bone mass phenotype via interaction with the S1pr1 gene, suggesting inhibition of Mir155 as a potential strategy for bone regeneration and bone defect healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Zheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Lihong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhicong Li
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruoshu Tang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Hongtao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yinyin Huang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Shaofen Xu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Haoyu Cheng
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhitong Ye
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Dong Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumour Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaolin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunotherapy Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Tumour Immunology Research, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina,Institute of Comparative Medicine & Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Pathology, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Amsterdam Movement Science, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands,Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Richard T Jaspers
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamNetherlands
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative MedicineGuangzhouChina
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8
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Yu Y, Yu T, Wang X, Liu D. Functional Hydrogels and Their Applications in Craniomaxillofacial Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:pharmaceutics15010150. [PMID: 36678779 PMCID: PMC9864650 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Craniomaxillofacial bone defects are characterized by an irregular shape, bacterial and inflammatory environment, aesthetic requirements, and the need for the functional recovery of oral-maxillofacial areas. Conventional clinical treatments are currently unable to achieve high-quality craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration. Hydrogels are a class of multifunctional platforms made of polymers cross-linked with high water content, good biocompatibility, and adjustable physicochemical properties for the intelligent delivery of goods. These characteristics make hydrogel systems a bright prospect for clinical applications in craniomaxillofacial bone. In this review, we briefly demonstrate the properties of hydrogel systems that can come into effect in the field of bone regeneration. In addition, we summarize the hydrogel systems that have been developed for craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration in recent years. Finally, we also discuss the prospects in the field of craniomaxillofacial bone tissue engineering; these discussions can serve as an inspiration for future hydrogel design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (D.L.)
| | - Dawei Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (X.W.); (D.L.)
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9
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Ranjbarnejad F, Khazaei M, Shahryari A, Khazaei F, Rezakhani L. Recent advances in gene therapy for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2022; 16:1121-1137. [PMID: 36382408 DOI: 10.1002/term.3363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Autografting, a major treatment for bone fractures, has potential risks related to the required surgery and disease transmission. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the most common osteogenic factors used for bone-healing applications. However, BMP delivery can have shortcomings such as a short half-life and the high cost of manufacturing the recombinant proteins. Gene delivery methods have demonstrated promising alternative strategies for producing BMPs or other osteogenic factors using engineered cells. These approaches can also enable temporal overexpression and local production of the therapeutic genes in the target tissues. This review addresses recent progress on engineered viral, non-viral, and RNA-mediated gene delivery systems that are being used for bone repair and regeneration. Advances in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 genome engineering for bone tissue regeneration also is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ranjbarnejad
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Alireza Shahryari
- Tools for Bio-Imaging, Max-Planck-Institute for Biological Intelligence, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Khazaei
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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10
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Pan Z, Sun W, Chen Y, Tang H, Lin W, Chen J, Chen C. Extracellular Vesicles in Tissue Engineering: Biology and Engineered Strategy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201384. [PMID: 36053562 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), acting as an important ingredient of intercellular communication through paracrine actions, have gained tremendous attention in the field of tissue engineering (TE). Moreover, these nanosized extracellular particles (30-140 nm) can be incorporated into biomaterials according to different principles to facilitate signal delivery in various regenerative processes directly or indirectly. Bioactive biomaterials as the carrier will extend the retention time and realize the controlled release of EVs, which further enhance their therapeutic efficiency in tissue regeneration. Herein, the basic biological characteristics of EVs are first introduced, and then their outstanding performance in exerting direct impacts on target cells in tissue regeneration as well as indirect effects on promoting angiogenesis and regulating the immune environment, due to specific functional components of EVs (nucleic acid, protein, lipid, etc.), is emphasized. Furthermore, different design ideas for suitable EV-loaded biomaterials are also demonstrated. In the end, this review also highlights the engineered strategies, which aim at solving the problems related to natural EVs such as highly heterogeneous functions, inadequate tissue targeting capabilities, insufficient yield and scalability, etc., thus promoting the therapeutic pertinence and clinical potential of EV-based approaches in TE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weiyan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hai Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Weikang Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jiafei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School Of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Lung Transplantation, Shanghai, 200433, China
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11
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Li Q, Deng Y, Liu X. Delivering Multifunctional Peptide-Conjugated Gene Carrier/miRNA-218 Complexes from Monodisperse Microspheres for Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:42904-42914. [PMID: 36102571 PMCID: PMC10016386 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating gene expression and are considered new molecular targets in bone tissue engineering. However, effective delivery of miRNAs to the defect areas and transfection of the miRNAs into osteogenic progenitor cells has been an obstacle in the application. In this work, miRNA-218 (miR-218) was used as an osteogenic miRNA regulator, and a multifunctional peptide-conjugated gene carrier poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-g-polyethylenimine-b-polyethylene glycol-R9-G4-IKVAVW (PPP-RGI) was developed to condense with miR-218 to form PPP-RGI/miR-218 complexes that were further encapsulated into monodisperse injectable microspheres for enhanced bone regeneration. The PPP-RGI was synthesized via conjugating R9-G4-IKVAVW (RGI), a multifunctional peptide, onto poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-g-polyethylenimine-b-polyethylene glycol (PPP). A microfluidic and synchronous photo-cross-linking process was further developed to encapsulate the PPP-RGI/miR-218 complexes into monodisperse gelatin methacryloyl microspheres. The monodisperse microspheres controlled the delivery of PPP-RGI/miR-218 to the designated defect site, and PPP-RGI facilitated the transfection of miR-218 into osteogenic progenitor cells. An in vivo calvarial defect model showed that the PPP-RGI/miR-218-loaded microspheres significantly enhanced bone tissue regeneration. This work provides a novel approach to effectively deliver miRNA and transfect targeting cells in vivo for advanced regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Yuejia Deng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University School of Dentistry, Dallas, Texas 75246, United States
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12
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Remy MT, Ding Q, Krongbaramee T, Hu J, Mora Mata AV, Haes AJ, Amendt BA, Sun H, Buchakjian MR, Hong L. Plasmid encoding miRNA-200c delivered by CaCO 3-based nanoparticles enhances rat alveolar bone formation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:1339-1354. [PMID: 36125080 PMCID: PMC9706369 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2022-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: miRNAs have been shown to improve the restoration of craniofacial bone defects. This work aimed to enhance transfection efficiency and miR-200c-induced bone formation in alveolar bone defects via plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c delivery from CaCO3 nanoparticles. Materials & methods: The CaCO3/miR-200c delivery system was evaluated in vitro (microscopy, transfection efficiency, biocompatibility) and miR-200c-induced in vivo alveolar bone formation was assessed via micro-computed tomography and histology. Results: CaCO3 nanoparticles significantly enhanced the transfection of plasmid DNA encoding miR-200c without inflammatory effects and sustained miR-200c expression. CaCO3/miR-200c treatment in vivo significantly increased bone formation in rat alveolar bone defects. Conclusion: CaCO3 nanoparticles enhance miR-200c delivery to accelerate alveolar bone formation, thereby demonstrating the application of CaCO3/miR-200c to craniofacial bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Remy
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Roy J. Carver Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Qiong Ding
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Tadkamol Krongbaramee
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Jue Hu
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Andrés V Mora Mata
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amanda J Haes
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Brad A Amendt
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Hongli Sun
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Marisa R Buchakjian
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Liu Hong
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Center for Craniofacial Anomalies Research, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA,Author for correspondence: Tel.: +1 319 384 1756;
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13
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Pan T, Song W, Xin H, Yu H, Wang H, Ma D, Cao X, Wang Y. MicroRNA-activated hydrogel scaffold generated by 3D printing accelerates bone regeneration. Bioact Mater 2022; 10:1-14. [PMID: 34901525 PMCID: PMC8637000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects remain a major threat to human health and bone tissue regeneration has become a prominent clinical demand worldwide. The combination of microRNA (miRNA) therapy with 3D printed scaffolds has always posed a challenge. It can mimic physiological bone healing processes, in which a biodegradable scaffold is gradually replaced by neo-tissue, and the sustained release of miRNA plays a vital role in creating an optimal osteogenic microenvironment, thus achieving promising bone repair outcomes. However, the balance between two key factors - scaffold degradation behavior and miRNA release profile - on osteogenesis and bone formation is still poorly understood. Herein, we construct a series of miRNA-activated hydrogel scaffolds (MAHSs) generated by 3D printing with different crosslinking degree to screened the interplay between scaffold degradation and miRNA release in the osteoinduction activity both in vitro and in vivo. Although MAHSs with a lower crosslinking degree (MAHS-0 and MAHS-0.25) released a higher amount of miR-29b in a sustained release profile, they degraded too fast to provide prolonged support for cell and tissue ingrowth. On the contrary, although the slow degradation of MAHSs with a higher crosslinking degree (MAHS-1 and MAHS-2.5) led to insufficient release of miR-29b, their adaptable degradation rate endowed them with more efficient osteoinductive behavior over the long term. MAHS-1 gave the most well-matched degradation rate and miR-29b release characteristics and was identified as the preferred MAHSs for accelerated bone regeneration. This study suggests that the bio-adaptable balance between scaffold degradation behavior and bioactive factors release profile plays a critical role in bone regeneration. These findings will provide a valuable reference about designing miRNAs as well as other bioactive molecules activated scaffold for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, PR China
| | - Wenjing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, And Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hongbao Xin
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, PR China
| | - Haiyue Yu
- Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Digital Health and Health Services Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - He Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 366 South Jiangnan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 366 South Jiangnan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, And Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, And Innovation Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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14
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Bone Regeneration and Oxidative Stress: An Updated Overview. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020318. [PMID: 35204201 PMCID: PMC8868092 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering is a complex domain that requires further investigation and benefits from data obtained over past decades. The models are increasing in complexity as they reveal new data from co-culturing and microfluidics applications. The in vitro models now focus on the 3D medium co-culturing of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes utilizing collagen for separation; this type of research allows for controlled medium and in-depth data analysis. Oxidative stress takes a toll on the domain, being beneficial as well as destructive. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules that influence the differentiation of osteoclasts, but over time their increasing presence can affect patients and aid the appearance of diseases such as osteoporosis. Oxidative stress can be limited by using antioxidants such as vitamin K and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). Scaffolds and biocompatible coatings such as hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass are required to isolate the implant, protect the zone from the metallic, ionic exchange, and enhance the bone regeneration by mimicking the composition and structure of the body, thus enhancing cell proliferation. The materials can be further functionalized with growth factors that create a better response and higher chances of success for clinical use. This review highlights the vast majority of newly obtained information regarding bone tissue engineering, such as new co-culturing models, implant coatings, scaffolds, biomolecules, and the techniques utilized to obtain them.
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15
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MiR-429 Inhibits the Angiogenesis of Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells through SNAI2-Mediated GSK-3 β/ β-Catenin Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6753926. [PMID: 34966442 PMCID: PMC8712146 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6753926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) dysfunction has been confirmed as a key event of ischemic stroke appearance. This study is aimed at revealing the role of miR-429 in the angiogenesis of HBMECs. The HBMECs were treated with oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) to establish the ischemic cell model. The qRT-PCR was used to measure the expression levels of the miR-429 in the serums of the patients or cells, and CCK-8, wound healing assay, and tube formation assay were used to observe the effects of miR-429 on the phenotype of HBMECs. Moreover, the Targetscan, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and Western blot were used to reveal the downstream target and regulation mechanism of miR-429 in OGD-induced HBMECs. The results showed that miR-429 was significantly upregulated in the serums of the patients, and overexpressed miR-429 could extremely inhibit the viability, migration, and tube formation of OGD-induced HBMECs. Furthermore, it was found that SNAI2 was a downstream factor of miR-429, and SNAI2 could rescue the effects of miR-429 on OGD-induced HBMECs. Besides, the Western blot showed that miR-429 could affect the activity of GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway via inhibiting the expression of SNAI2. In conclusion, this study suggests that miR-429 inhibits the angiogenesis of HBMECs through SNAI2-mediated GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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16
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Steinle H, Weber J, Stoppelkamp S, Große-Berkenbusch K, Golombek S, Weber M, Canak-Ipek T, Trenz SM, Schlensak C, Avci-Adali M. Delivery of synthetic mRNAs for tissue regeneration. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114007. [PMID: 34710530 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nucleic acid-based therapeutics have gained increasing importance as novel treatment options for disease prevention and treatment. Synthetic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are promising nucleic acid-based drugs to transiently express desired proteins that are missing or defective. Recently, synthetic mRNA-based vaccines encoding viral proteins have been approved for emergency use against COVID-19. Various types of vehicles, such as lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and liposomes, are being investigated to enable the efficient uptake of mRNA molecules into desired cells. In addition, the introduction of novel chemical modifications into mRNAs increased the stability, enabled the modulation of nucleic acid-based drugs, and increased the efficiency of mRNA-based therapeutic approaches. In this review, novel and innovative strategies for the delivery of synthetic mRNA-based therapeutics for tissue regeneration are discussed. Moreover, with this review, we aim to highlight the versatility of synthetic mRNA molecules for various applications in the field of regenerative medicine and also discuss translational challenges and required improvements for mRNA-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidrun Steinle
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Josefin Weber
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sandra Stoppelkamp
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Große-Berkenbusch
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sonia Golombek
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marbod Weber
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Tuba Canak-Ipek
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sarah-Maria Trenz
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Christian Schlensak
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Meltem Avci-Adali
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Calwerstraße 7/1, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
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17
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Damiati LA, El-Messeiry S. An Overview of RNA-Based Scaffolds for Osteogenesis. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:682581. [PMID: 34169095 PMCID: PMC8217814 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.682581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides new hope for the combination of cells, scaffolds, and bifactors for bone osteogenesis. This is achieved by mimicking the bone's natural behavior in recruiting the cell's molecular machinery for our use. Many researchers have focused on developing an ideal scaffold with specific features, such as good cellular adhesion, cell proliferation, differentiation, host integration, and load bearing. Various types of coating materials (organic and non-organic) have been used to enhance bone osteogenesis. In the last few years, RNA-mediated gene therapy has captured attention as a new tool for bone regeneration. In this review, we discuss the use of RNA molecules in coating and delivery, including messenger RNA (mRNA), RNA interference (RNAi), and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) on different types of scaffolds (such as polymers, ceramics, and metals) in osteogenesis research. In addition, the effect of using gene-editing tools-particularly CRISPR systems-to guide RNA scaffolds in bone regeneration is also discussed. Given existing knowledge about various RNAs coating/expression may help to understand the process of bone formation on the scaffolds during osseointegration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila A. Damiati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah El-Messeiry
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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18
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Iaquinta MR, Lanzillotti C, Mazziotta C, Bononi I, Frontini F, Mazzoni E, Oton-Gonzalez L, Rotondo JC, Torreggiani E, Tognon M, Martini F. The role of microRNAs in the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and bone pathologies. Theranostics 2021; 11:6573-6591. [PMID: 33995677 PMCID: PMC8120225 DOI: 10.7150/thno.55664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in many adult tissues. MSCs can regenerate through cell division or differentiate into adipocytes, osteoblasts and chondrocytes. As a result, MSCs have become an important source of cells in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for bone tissue and cartilage. Several epigenetic factors are believed to play a role in MSCs differentiation. Among these, microRNA (miRNA) regulation is involved in the fine modulation of gene expression during osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation. It has been reported that miRNAs are involved in bone homeostasis by modulating osteoblast gene expression. In addition, countless evidence has demonstrated that miRNAs dysregulation is involved in the development of osteoporosis and bone fractures. The deregulation of miRNAs expression has also been associated with several malignancies including bone cancer. In this context, bone-associated circulating miRNAs may be useful biomarkers for determining the predisposition, onset and development of osteoporosis, as well as in clinical applications to improve the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment of cancer and metastases. Overall, this review will provide an overview of how miRNAs activities participate in osteogenic/chondrogenic differentiation, while addressing the role of miRNA regulatory effects on target genes. Finally, the role of miRNAs in pathologies and therapies will be presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara. Ferrara, Italy
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19
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Sadowska JM, Ginebra MP. Inflammation and biomaterials: role of the immune response in bone regeneration by inorganic scaffolds. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:9404-9427. [PMID: 32970087 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01379j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The regulatory role of the immune system in maintaining bone homeostasis and restoring its functionality, when disturbed due to trauma or injury, has become evident in recent years. The polarization of macrophages, one of the main constituents of the immune system, into the pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory phenotype has great repercussions for cellular crosstalk and the subsequent processes needed for proper bone regeneration such as angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In certain scenarios, the damaged osseous tissue requires the placement of synthetic bone grafts to facilitate the healing process. Inorganic biomaterials such as bioceramics or bioactive glasses are the most widely used due to their resemblance to the mineral phase of bone and superior osteogenic properties. The immune response of the host to the inorganic biomaterial, which is of an exogenous nature, might determine its fate, leading either to active bone regeneration or its failure. Therefore, various strategies have been employed, like the modification of structural/chemical features or the incorporation of bioactive molecules, to tune the interplay with the immune cells. Understanding how these particular modifications impact the polarization of macrophages and further osteogenic and osteoclastogenic events is of great interest in view of designing a new generation of osteoimmunomodulatory materials that support the regeneration of osseous tissue during all stages of bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Sadowska
- Tissue Engineering Research Group, Department of Anatomy & Regenerative Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Ireland
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Av. Eduard Maristany 16, 08019 Barcelona, Spain. and Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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20
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Zhang G, Liu R, Dang X, Liu J, Jiao H. [Experimental study on improvement of osteonecrosis of femoral head with exosomes derived from miR-27a-overexpressing vascular endothelial cells]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2021; 35:356-365. [PMID: 33719246 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.202011026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether exosomes derived from miR-27a-overexpressing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs)-exo (miR-27a) can promote bone regeneration and improve glucocorticoids (GC) induced osteonecrosis of femoral head (ONFH) (GC-ONFH). Methods The exo (miR-27a) were intended to be constructed and identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR was used to evaluate the effect of exo (miR-27a) in delivering miR-27a to osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells). Alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red staining, and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate its effect on MC3T3-E1 cells osteogenesis. Dual-luciferase reporter (DLRTM) assay was used to verify whether miR-27a targeting Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 2 (DKK2) was a potential mechanism, and the mechanism was further verified by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and alizarin red staining in MC3T3-E1 cells. Finally, the protective effect of exo (miR-27a) on ONFH was verified by the GC-ONFH model in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Results Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, and qRT-PCR detection showed that exo (miR-27a) was successfully constructed. exo (miR-27a) could effectively deliver miR-27a to MC3T3-E1 cells and enhance their osteogenic capacity. The detection of DLRTM showed that miR-27a promoted bone formation by directly targeting DDK2. Micro-CT and HE staining results of animal experiments showed that tail vein injection of exo (miR-27a) improved the osteonecrosis of SD rat GC-ONFH model. Conclusion exo (miR-27a) can promote bone regeneration and protect against GC-ONFH to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gensheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong Shaanxi, 723000, P.R.China
| | - Ruiyu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710004, P.R.China
| | - Xiaoqian Dang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710004, P.R.China
| | - Jichao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong Shaanxi, 723000, P.R.China
| | - Haibin Jiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, 3201 Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Hanzhong Shaanxi, 723000, P.R.China
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21
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Andrée L, Yang F, Brock R, Leeuwenburgh SCG. Designing biomaterials for the delivery of RNA therapeutics to stimulate bone healing. Mater Today Bio 2021; 10:100105. [PMID: 33912824 PMCID: PMC8063862 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleic acids (small interfering RNA, microRNA, and messenger RNA) have been emerging as a promising new class of therapeutics for bone regeneration. So far, however, research has mostly focused on stability and complexation of these oligonucleotides for systemic delivery. By comparison, delivery of RNA nanocomplexes from biomaterial carriers can facilitate a spatiotemporally controlled local delivery of osteogenic oligonucleotides. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art in the design of biomaterials which allow for temporal and spatial control over RNA delivery. We correlate this concept of spatiotemporally controlled RNA delivery to the most relevant events that govern bone regeneration to evaluate to which extent tuning of release kinetics is required. In addition, inspired by the physiological principles of bone regeneration, potential new RNA targets are presented. Finally, considerations for clinical translation and upscaled production are summarized to stimulate the design of clinically relevant RNA-releasing biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Andrée
- Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
| | - F Yang
- Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
| | - R Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 28, Nijmegen, 6525 GA, the Netherlands
| | - S C G Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Dentistry - Regenerative Biomaterials, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Philips van Leydenlaan 25, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, the Netherlands
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Mazziotta C, Lanzillotti C, Iaquinta MR, Taraballi F, Torreggiani E, Rotondo JC, Otòn-Gonzalez L, Mazzoni E, Frontini F, Bononi I, De Mattei M, Tognon M, Martini F. MicroRNAs Modulate Signaling Pathways in Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2362. [PMID: 33673409 PMCID: PMC7956574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been identified in many adult tissues and they have been closely studied in recent years, especially in view of their potential use for treating diseases and damaged tissues and organs. MSCs are capable of self-replication and differentiation into osteoblasts and are considered an important source of cells in tissue engineering for bone regeneration. Several epigenetic factors are believed to play a role in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are small, single-stranded, non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotides that are able to regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis by binding the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs, which can be subsequently degraded or translationally silenced. MiRNAs control gene expression in osteogenic differentiation by regulating two crucial signaling cascades in osteogenesis: the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic protein (BMP) and the Wingless/Int-1(Wnt)/β-catenin signaling pathways. This review provides an overview of the miRNAs involved in osteogenic differentiation and how these miRNAs could regulate the expression of target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Carmen Lanzillotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Maria Rosa Iaquinta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Taraballi
- Center for Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Houston Methodist Research Institute, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6565 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elena Torreggiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - John Charles Rotondo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Lucia Otòn-Gonzalez
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Elisa Mazzoni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Francesca Frontini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Ilaria Bononi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Monica De Mattei
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 64b Fossato di Mortara Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.M.); (C.L.); (M.R.I.); (E.T.); (J.C.R.); (L.O.-G.); (E.M.); (F.F.); (I.B.); (F.M.)
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 70, Eliporto Street, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Kim YS, Mikos AG. Emerging strategies in reprogramming and enhancing the fate of mesenchymal stem cells for bone and cartilage tissue engineering. J Control Release 2021; 330:565-574. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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You M, Zhang L, Zhang X, Fu Y, Dong X. MicroRNA-197-3p Inhibits the Osteogenic Differentiation in Osteoporosis by Down-Regulating KLF 10. Clin Interv Aging 2021; 16:107-117. [PMID: 33469278 PMCID: PMC7810594 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s269171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have shown that microRNA (miRNA) regulates gene expression of osteoporosis (OS). It is known that miR-197-3p is abnormally expressed in osteoporosis. This study is to investigate the mechanism of miR-197-3p in regulating osteoblast differentiation. Methods Rats were ovariectomized to establish an animal model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. The expression of miR-197-3p and KLF10 was detected in ovariectomized rat models. Primary osteoblasts and MC3T-E1 cells were divided into the control group, miR-197-3p inhibitor group, NC inhibitor group and miR-197-3p inhibitor + si-KLF10 group. The expression of miR-197-3p and Kruppel-like factor 10 (KLF10) was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. The relationship between miR-197-3p and KLF10 was analyzed by bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. The ALP activity measurement and mineralization analysis were performed. Results The expression of miR-197-3p was significantly raised in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats. During the differentiation of osteoblasts, the expression of miR-197-3p was significantly decreased, while the expression of KLF10 was significantly raised in primary osteoblasts and MC3E3T1 cells. The expression of RUNX2, ALP, OCN and OSX in miR-197-3p inhibitor group and MC3T3-E1 group was significantly raised, and the cell survival rate and mineralized nodule were raised as well. KLF10 may be the downstream target gene of miR-197-3p. After co-transfection of miR-197-3p inhibitor and si-klf10, ALP, Runx2, OCN and OSX mRNA, cell survival rate and mineralized nodule were significantly decreased in primary osteoblasts and MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion MiR-197-3p Inhibition promoted osteoblast differentiation and reduced OS by up-regulating KLF10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong You
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xieping Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province 330006, People's Republic of China
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25
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Yu T, Wang H, Zhang Y, Wang X, Han B. The Delivery of RNA-Interference Therapies Based on Engineered Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:445. [PMID: 32478058 PMCID: PMC7235334 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an efficient post-transcriptional gene modulation strategy mediated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). Since its discovery, RNAi has been utilized extensively to diagnose and treat diseases at both the cellular and molecular levels. However, the application of RNAi therapies in bone regeneration has not progressed to clinical trials. One of the major challenges for RNAi therapies is the lack of efficient and safe delivery vehicles that can actualize sustained release of RNA molecules at the target bone defect site and in surrounding cells. One promising approach to achieve these requirements is encapsulating RNAi molecules into hydrogels for delivery, which enables the nucleic acids to be delivered as RNA conjugates or within nanoparticles. Herein, we reviewed recent investigations into RNAi therapies for bone regeneration where RNA delivery was performed by hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hufei Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Leng Q, Chen L, Lv Y. RNA-based scaffolds for bone regeneration: application and mechanisms of mRNA, miRNA and siRNA. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:3190-3205. [PMID: 32194862 PMCID: PMC7053199 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, more than 1.5 million patients undergo bone graft surgeries annually, and the development of biomaterial scaffolds that mimic natural bone for bone grafting remains a tremendous challenge. In recent decades, due to the improved understanding of the mechanisms of bone remodeling and the rapid development of gene therapy, RNA (including messenger RNA (mRNA), microRNA (miRNA), and short interfering RNA (siRNA)) has attracted increased attention as a new tool for bone tissue engineering due to its unique nature and great potential to cure bone defects. Different types of RNA play roles via a variety of mechanisms in bone-related cells in vivo as well as after synthesis in vitro. In addition, RNAs are delivered to injured sites by loading into scaffolds or systemic administration after combination with vectors for bone tissue engineering. However, the challenge of effectively and stably delivering RNA into local tissue remains to be solved. This review describes the mechanisms of the three types of RNAs and the application of the relevant types of RNA delivery vectors and scaffolds in bone regeneration. The improvements in their development are also discussed.
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Levingstone TJ, Herbaj S, Redmond J, McCarthy HO, Dunne NJ. Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles-Based Systems for RNAi Delivery: Applications in Bone Tissue Regeneration. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E146. [PMID: 31947548 PMCID: PMC7023416 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bone-related injury and disease constitute a significant global burden both socially and economically. Current treatments have many limitations and thus the development of new approaches for bone-related conditions is imperative. Gene therapy is an emerging approach for effective bone repair and regeneration, with notable interest in the use of RNA interference (RNAi) systems to regulate gene expression in the bone microenvironment. Calcium phosphate nanoparticles represent promising materials for use as non-viral vectors for gene therapy in bone tissue engineering applications due to their many favorable properties, including biocompatibility, osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity, and strong affinity for binding to nucleic acids. However, low transfection rates present a significant barrier to their clinical use. This article reviews the benefits of calcium phosphate nanoparticles for RNAi delivery and highlights the role of surface functionalization in increasing calcium phosphate nanoparticles stability, improving cellular uptake and increasing transfection efficiency. Currently, the underlying mechanistic principles relating to these systems and their interplay during in vivo bone formation is not wholly understood. Furthermore, the optimal microRNA targets for particular bone tissue regeneration applications are still unclear. Therefore, further research is required in order to achieve the optimal calcium phosphate nanoparticles-based systems for RNAi delivery for bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya J. Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simona Herbaj
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
| | - John Redmond
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Helen O. McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
| | - Nicholas J. Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland; (T.J.L.); (S.H.); (J.R.)
- Centre for Medical Engineering Research, School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, 9 Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK;
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
- Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and Trinity College Dublin, 2 Dublin, Ireland
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Bone Tissue Engineering: Useful Tools with New Applications. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:3673857. [PMID: 31781238 PMCID: PMC6875209 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3673857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are a crucial element in bone tissue engineering (BTE). They are easy to harvest and isolate, and they are available in significative quantities, thus offering a feasible and valid alternative to other sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), like bone marrow. Together with an advantageous proliferative and differentiative profile, they also offer a high paracrine activity through the secretion of several bioactive molecules (such as growth factors and miRNAs) via a sustained exosomal release which can exert efficient conditioning on the surrounding microenvironment. BTE relies on three key elements: (1) scaffold, (2) osteoprogenitor cells, and (3) bioactive factors. These elements have been thoroughly investigated over the years. The use of ASCs has offered significative new advancements in the efficacy of each of these elements. Notably, the phenotypic study of ASCs allowed discovering cell subpopulations, which have enhanced osteogenic and vasculogenic capacity. ASCs favored a better vascularization and integration of the scaffolds, while improvements in scaffolds' materials and design tried to exploit the osteogenic features of ASCs, thus reducing the need for external bioactive factors. At the same time, ASCs proved to be an incredible source of bioactive, proosteogenic factors that are released through their abundant exosome secretion. ASC exosomes can exert significant paracrine effects in the surroundings, even in the absence of the primary cells. These paracrine signals recruit progenitor cells from the host tissues and enhance regeneration. In this review, we will focus on the recent discoveries which have involved the use of ASCs in BTE. In particular, we are going to analyze the different ASCs' subpopulations, the interaction between ASCs and scaffolds, and the bioactive factors which are secreted by ASCs or can induce their osteogenic commitment. All these advancements are ultimately intended for a faster translational and clinical application of BTE.
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Fibrin as a Multipurpose Physiological Platform for Bone Tissue Engineering and Targeted Delivery of Bioactive Compounds. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11110556. [PMID: 31661853 PMCID: PMC6920828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although bone graft is still considered as the gold standard method, bone tissue engineering offers promising alternatives designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and to guide bone regeneration process. In this attempt, due to their similarity to the ECM and their low toxicity/immunogenicity properties, growing attention is paid to natural polymers. In particular, considering the early critical role of fracture hematoma for bone healing, fibrin, which constitutes blood clot, is a candidate of choice. Indeed, in addition to its physiological roles in bone healing cascade, fibrin biochemical characteristics make it suitable to be used as a multipurpose platform for bioactive agents’ delivery. Thus, taking advantage of these key assets, researchers and clinicians have the opportunity to develop composite systems that might further improve bone tissue reconstruction, and more generally prevent/treat skeletal disorders.
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