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Relaxational behavior of birefringence of aqueous carboxymethylcellulose under an alternating electric field at frequencies ranging from 0.1 Hz to 100 kHz. Colloid Polym Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01447671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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2
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Grgičin D, Dolanski Babić S, Ivek T, Tomić S, Podgornik R. Effect of magnesium ions on dielectric relaxation in semidilute DNA aqueous solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2013; 88:052703. [PMID: 24329292 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.88.052703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effect of magnesium ion Mg(2+) on the dielectric relaxation of semidilute DNA aqueous solutions has been studied by means of dielectric spectroscopy in the 100 Hz-100 MHz frequency range. de Gennes-Pfeuty-Dobrynin semidilute solution correlation length is the pertinent fundamental length scale for sufficiently low concentration of added salt, describing the collective properties of Mg-DNA solutions. No relaxation fingerprint of the DNA denaturation bubbles, leading to exposed hydrophobic core scaling, was detected at low DNA concentrations, thus indicating an increased stability of the double-stranded conformation in Mg-DNA solutions as compared to the case of Na-DNA solutions. Some changes are detected in the behavior of the fundamental length scale pertaining to the single molecule DNA properties, reflecting modified electrostatic screening effects of the Odijk-Skolnick-Fixman type. All results consistently demonstrate that Mg(2+) ions interact with DNA in a similar way as Na(1+) ions do, their effect being mostly describable through an enhanced screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Grgičin
- Institut za fiziku, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - T Ivek
- Institut za fiziku, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - S Tomić
- Institut za fiziku, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - R Podgornik
- Department of Physics, University of Ljubljana and J. Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Salm E, Liu YS, Marchwiany D, Morisette D, He Y, Razouk L, Bhunia AK, Bashir R. Electrical detection of dsDNA and polymerase chain reaction amplification. Biomed Microdevices 2012; 13:973-82. [PMID: 21789549 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Food-borne pathogens and food safety-related outbreaks have come to the forefront over recent years. Estimates on the annual cost of sicknesses, hospitalizations, and deaths run into the billions of dollars. There is a large body of research on detection of food-borne pathogens; however, the widely accepted current systems are limited by costly reagents, lengthy time to completion, and expensive equipment. Our aim is to develop a label-free method for determining a change in DNA concentration after a PCR assay. We first used impedance spectroscopy to characterize the change in concentration of purified DNA in deionized water within a microfluidic biochip. To adequately measure the change in DNA concentration in PCR solution, it was necessary to go through a purification and precipitation step to minimize the effects of primers, PCR reagents, and excess salts. It was then shown that the purification and precipitation of the fully amplified PCR reaction showed results similar to the control tests performed with DNA in deionized water. We believe that this work has brought label free electrical biosensors for PCR amplification one step closer to reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Salm
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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4
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Baker-Jarvis J, Kim S. The Interaction of Radio-Frequency Fields With Dielectric Materials at Macroscopic to Mesoscopic Scales. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY 2012; 117:1-60. [PMID: 26900513 PMCID: PMC4553869 DOI: 10.6028/jres.117.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to overview radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic interactions with solid and liquid materials from the macroscale to the nanoscale. The overview is geared toward the general researcher. Because this area of research is vast, this paper concentrates on currently active research areas in the megahertz (MHz) through gigahertz (GHz) frequencies, and concentrates on dielectric response. The paper studies interaction mechanisms both from phenomenological and fundamental viewpoints. Relaxation, resonance, interface phenomena, plasmons, the concepts of permittivity and permeability, and relaxation times are summarized. Topics of current research interest, such as negative-index behavior, noise, plasmonic behavior, RF heating, nanoscale materials, wave cloaking, polaritonic surface waves, biomaterials, and other topics are overviewed. Relaxation, resonance, and related relaxation times are overviewed. The wavelength and material length scales required to define permittivity in materials is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Baker-Jarvis
- Electromagnetics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305
| | - Sung Kim
- Electromagnetics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305
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Electrical conduction through DNA molecule. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 106:485-97. [PMID: 21396395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2011.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Okajima MK, Kaneko D, Mitsumata T, Kaneko T, Watanabe J. Cyanobacteria That Produce Megamolecules with Efficient Self-Orientations. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma802829x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maiko K. Okajima
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Daisaku Kaneko
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tetsu Mitsumata
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Kaneko
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Junji Watanabe
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan, and Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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7
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Tomić S, Babić SD, Vuletić T, Krca S, Ivanković D, Griparić L, Podgornik R. Dielectric relaxation of DNA aqueous solutions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2007; 75:021905. [PMID: 17358365 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.021905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We report on a detailed characterization of complex dielectric response of Na-DNA aqueous solutions by means of low-frequency dielectric spectroscopy (40 Hz-110 MHz). Results reveal two broad relaxation modes of strength 20<Deltaepsilon(LF)<100 and 5<Deltaepsilon(HF)<20, centered at 0.5 kHz<nu(LF)<70 kHz and 0.1 MHz<nu(HF)<15 MHz. The characteristic length scale of the low-frequency (LF) process, 50<L(LF)<750 nm, scales with DNA concentration as c(DNA)(-0.29+/-0.04) and is independent of the ionic strength in the low added salt regime. Conversely, the measured length scale of the LF process does not vary with DNA concentration but depends on the ionic strength of the added salt as I(s)(-1) in the high added salt regime. On the other hand, the characteristic length scale of the high-frequency (HF) process, 3<L(HF)<50 nm, varies with DNA concentration as c(DNA)(-0.5) for intermediate and large DNA concentrations. At low DNA concentrations and in the low added salt limit the characteristic length scale of the HF process scales as c(DNA)(-0.33). We put these results in perspective regarding the integrity of the double stranded form of DNA at low salt conditions as well as regarding the role of different types of counterions in different regimes of dielectric dispersion. We argue that the free DNA counterions are primarily active in the HF relaxation, while the condensed counterions play a role only in the LF relaxation. We also suggest theoretical interpretations for all these length scales in the whole regime of DNA and salt concentrations and discuss their ramifications and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tomić
- Institut za fiziku, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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9
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Nakamura K, Shikata T. High Frequency Dielectric Behavior of Polyelectrolytes with Controlled Charge Densities in Aqueous Solution. Macromolecules 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/ma052522a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nakamura
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Shikata
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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10
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Nandi N, Bhattacharyya K, Bagchi B. Dielectric relaxation and solvation dynamics of water in complex chemical and biological systems. Chem Rev 2000; 100:2013-46. [PMID: 11749282 DOI: 10.1021/cr980127v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 688] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Nandi
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
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11
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Radeva T, Petkanchin I. Electric Properties of Adsorbed Polystyrenesulfonate. J Colloid Interface Sci 1999; 220:112-117. [PMID: 10550247 DOI: 10.1006/jcis.1999.6483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The influence of molecular weight on the counterion polarization of sodium polystyrenesulfonate (NaPSS) is investigated by electric light scattering. The polyelectrolyte is adsorbed in excess on beta-ferric hydrous oxide particles (beta-FeOOH), which are shown to assume the charge characteristics of the polymer. Two dispersion regions of the electro-optical effect (below and above 10 kHz) are found to exist due to the polarization of counterions. The high-frequency (HF) effect is attributed to polarization of free counterions along the polymer-coated particle axis and does not depend on the molecular weight of the adsorbed polymer. The amplitude and critical frequency of relaxation of the low-frequency (LF) effect, which is attributed to polarization of bound counterions along the polymer axis, depend on the polyelectrolyte molecular weight. The polarization of bound counterions seems to be responsible for the permanent-like dipole moment behavior of NaPSS at low frequencies of the applied electric field. Copyright 1999 Academic Press.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Radeva
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1113, Bulgaria
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12
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13
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Penafiel LM, Litovitz TA. High frequency dielectric dispersion of polyelectrolyte solutions and its relation to counterion condensation. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.463604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Altig JA, Wesenberg GE, Vaughan WE. Dielectric behavior of polyelectrolytes. IV. Electric polarizability of rigid biopolymers in electric fields. Biophys Chem 1986; 24:221-34. [PMID: 3768468 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(86)85028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The equilibrium Kerr effect of a system of mobile charges constrained to the surface of biomacromolecules is calculated. Cylindrical and spherical geometries are considered. For the cylinder we determine the anisotropy of electric polarizability as a function of length, temperature, and number of charged species in the low-field regime, and the fraction of the maximum induced dipole in the field direction for higher electric fields. The results are compared to experimental data for DNA oligomers taken from the literature. With spherical geometry we calculate the fractional induced dipole moment as a function of electric field strength and from this deduce the orientation function. The field dependence of the orientation function is compared to experimental data in the literature for bovine disk membrane vesicles.
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15
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de Xammar Oro JR, Grigera JR. Dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of sonicated DNA above 40 MHz. Biopolymers 1984; 23:1457-63. [PMID: 6466774 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360230803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Schmitz KS. Low frequency dispersion in the electrophoretic mobility of DNA and mononucleosomes. J Chem Phys 1983. [DOI: 10.1063/1.446271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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18
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Schmitz KS, Lu M, Gauntt J. Influence of ionic strength on the diffusion of polystyrene latex spheres, bovine serum albumin, and polynucleosomes. J Chem Phys 1983. [DOI: 10.1063/1.445374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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19
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Schmitz KS, Lu M. Effect of titration charge on the diffusion of bovine serum albumin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1983; 80:425-9. [PMID: 6572899 PMCID: PMC393390 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.80.2.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Quasi-elastic light scattering studies were performed on purified bovine serum albumin sample under conditions of high and low ionic strength and pH. Two relaxation modes were observed in all cases. The apparent diffusion coefficient obtained in the asymptotic time window (T) limit T leads to 0-i.e., Dapp(T leads to 0)-was found to be approximately equal to 6.1 X 10(-7) cm2/sec under conditions that minimized electrical forces (100 mM KCl at pH 4.5). As the ionic strength was lowered to 0.1 mM KCl (pH 4.5) or the pH was raised to 10 (100 mM KCl), Dapp(T leads to 0) increased to 7.2-7.5 X 10(-7) cm2/sec. These observations for Dapp(T leads to 0) are interpretable in terms of small-ion-polyion coupled modes in accordance with the theory of Lin et al. regarding dynamic Donnan effects [Lin, S.-C., Lee, W. I. & Schurr, J. M. (1978) Biopolymers 17, 1041-1064] without having to invoke direct polyion-polyion interactions. These direct interactions may be important at extreme ionic strength and pH conditions (0.1 mM KCl at pH 10). Concomitant with an increase in Dapp(T leads to 0), under appropriate changes in solvent conditions, is an increase in the relative amplitude and relaxation time of the slow decay mode.
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20
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Schmitz KS. Quasielastic light scattering by biopolymers. VI. Diffusion of mononucleosomes and oligonucleosomes in the presence of static and sinusoidal electric fields. Biopolymers 1982; 21:1383-98. [PMID: 7115895 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360210708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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21
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Surowiec A, Sorriso S. Thermal Reversibility of DNA in Aqueous Solution from Dielectric and Conductometric Measurements. Z PHYS CHEM 1982. [DOI: 10.1524/zpch.1982.131.2.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Matsuda K, Yamaoka K. Electric Birefringence and Electric Dichroism of Sonicated DNA in Aqueous Solutions with Various Additives. Electro-optical and Hydrodynamic Properties. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1982. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.55.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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23
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24
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Molinari RJ, Cole RH, Gibbs JH. Molecular-weight dependence of the low-frequency dielectric properties of aqueous solutions of gel-fractionated DNA. Biopolymers 1981. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.1981.360200510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Stellwagen NC. Electric birefringence of restriction enzyme fragments of DNA: optical factor and electric polarizability as a function of molecular weight. Biopolymers 1981; 20:399-434. [PMID: 6260262 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1981.360200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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26
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Meyer PI, Vaughan WE. Dielectric behavior of linear polyelectrolytes. Biophys Chem 1980; 12:329-39. [PMID: 17000158 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(80)80011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/1979] [Revised: 06/01/1980] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The dipolar correlation function for a system of counterions diffusing on the surface of a polyelectrolyte cylinder is computed. Repulsive coulombic interactions between the counterions are taken into account. Lateral dissociation and reassociation to the cylinder is treated microscopically. Numerical calculations needed to obtain quantitative results for the long time behavior are presented. The model dependence on its parameters is interpreted with special emphasis on parameter values typical of DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P I Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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27
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Yoshioka K, Kikuchi K, Fujimori M. Electric birefringence of ionized polypeptides in solution and the effect of high electric fields on the helix-coil transition. Biophys Chem 1980; 11:369-75. [PMID: 16997256 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(80)87010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Electric birefringence and circular dichroism measurements have been made on solutions of two po!y (L-lysine) homologs. The specific Kerr constant and the molar ellipticity at 222 nm of poly (L-alpha, gamma-diaminobutyric acid hydrochloride) in methanol/water mixtures underwent an abrupt change between 75 and 80 vol% methanol at 25 degrees C, corresponding to a solvent-induced helix-coil transition. On the helix side of the transition region, i.e., between 78 and 80 vol% methanol, anomalous birefringence transients indicative of field-induced helix-to-coil transition were observed at high fields. In the case of poly (L-ornithine hydrobromide) in methanol/water mixtures, a helix-coil transition was induced between 93 and 98 vol% methanol and anomalous birefringence transients were observed between 96 and 98 vol% methanol. The double logarithmic plots of the steady-state specific birefringence versus the square of field strength for various solvent compositions and polymer concentrations could be superimposed on one another by horizontal and vertical shifts, except for the range where anomalous birefringence transients were observed. This enabled us to estimate the threshold field strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshioka
- Department of Chemistry, College of General Education, University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguroku, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Sakamoto M, Fujikado T, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Low frequency dielectric relaxation and light scattering under AC electric field of DNA solutions. Biophys Chem 1980; 11:309-16. [PMID: 7407326 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(80)87002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Low frequency dielectric relaxation of aqueous DNA was measured in a frequency range from 0.1 Hz to 30 kHz. Agreement was found between dielectric relaxation time and rotational one estimated from reduced viscosity for dilute solutions of DNA. The low frequency relaxation is thus ascribed to rotation of the major axis of DNA chains elongated by electrostatic repulsion between charges on the chain. A quasi-permanent dipole moment of DNA estimated from the dielectric increment is well explained by the fluctuation of dissociation of DNA. The above conclusion was confirmed for DNA samples of various molecular weights and for solutions in water ethanol mixtures. Effects of binding of salts and dyes are also interpreted in terms of the same mechanism. Light scattering of aqueous DNA under a.c. electric field supports the above conclusion.
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29
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Umemura S, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. New method for simultaneous measurement of frequency spectra of complex dielectric constants of polyelectrolyte solutions. Biophys Chem 1980; 11:317-20. [PMID: 16997252 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(80)87003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A high-speed and high-accuracy measurement of relaxational frequency spectra of complex dielectric constants of polyelectrolyte solutions with a high conductivity was realized by a new digital signal processing technique. In this method, a sum of sinusoidal waves of geometrical series of frequencies is utilized as a multifrequency excitation signal and demodulation of the resulting response is carried out simply by addition and subtraction of digital signals in a minicomputer. This new technique is superior to the conventional cross correlation method using the fast Fourier transform in that it greatly reduces the processing time and avoids effectively the influence of a quantization error. The result for a DNA solution obtained by this method is presented to demonstrate the utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Umemura
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
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30
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Minakata A, Shimizu T, Nakamura H, Wada A. Dielectric dispersion of alternating copolymers of maleic acid. Biophys Chem 1980; 11:403-9. [PMID: 16997260 DOI: 10.1016/0301-4622(80)87014-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric dispersions of three kinds of copolymers of maleic acid, poly (maleic acid-co-methyl vinyl ether) (PMAMVE), poly(maleic add-co-ethyl vinyl ether) (PMAEVE) and poly (maleic acid-co-styrene) (PMAST), were measured by use of a pseudorandom noise dielectric spectrometer. A large dielectric increment was observed in the low frequency region (10-20 Hz), and was explained in terms of our theory of ion fluctuation. When these copolymers were neutralized with mixtures of NaOH and Ca(OH)2 by changing their ratio, enhancement of the static dielectric increment was observed in the intermediate ratios of both ion species. This phenomenon was analyzed by modifying our. theory of ion fluctuation to the case of alternating copolymers. Quantitative agreement with experimental results was obtained by using values of parameters representing binding energies and mutual repulsion, which are chosen to fit the calculated degree of ion binding to the experimental data on activities of Na+ and Ca2+ ions. At large fractions of divalent ions, the increment, relaxation time and specific viscosity were found to decrease sharply due to chelation by divalent ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Minakata
- Department of Physics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-31, Japan
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31
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Sakamoto M, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Dielectric relaxation of DNA solutions. IV. Effects of salts and dyes. Biopolymers 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.1980.360190508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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32
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Umemura S, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Theory of the effect of small ions on the electrical admittance of macroion solutions. Chem Phys 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(80)80004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Berman NS. Evidence for molecular interactions in drag reduction in turbulent pipe flows. POLYM ENG SCI 1980. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.760200703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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34
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35
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Sakamoto M, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Dielectric relaxation of DNA solutions. III. Effects of DNA concentration, protein contamination, and mixed solvents. Biopolymers 1979; 18:2769-82. [PMID: 508902 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1979.360181109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fujikado T, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Light scattering of aqueous solutions of DNA, poly(acrylic acid), and tobacco mosaic virus under alternating electric field. Biopolymers 1979; 18:2303-14. [PMID: 526552 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1979.360180917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Torsion Dynamics and Depolarization of Fluorescence of Linear Macromolecules I. Theory and Application to DNAt. Chem Phys 1979. [DOI: 10.1016/0301-0104(79)80131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Umemura S, Sakamoto M, Hayakawa R, Wada Y. Dielectric relaxation of collagen in aqueous solutions. Biopolymers 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.1979.360180104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Irimajiri A, Doida Y, Hanai T, Inouye A. Passive electrical properties of cultured murine lymphoblast (L5178Y) with reference to its cytoplasmic membrane, nuclear envelope, and intracellular phases. J Membr Biol 1978; 38:209-32. [PMID: 625050 DOI: 10.1007/bf01871923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Dielectric dispersion measurements over a frequency range 0.01-100 MHz were made with the suspensions of a cultured cell line, mouse lymphoma L5178Y, and an attempt to explain the observed dielectric behavior by taking explicitly into consideration the possible involvement of cell nucleus has been presented. The use of a conventional "single-shell" model in which the cell is represented by a homogeneous sphere coated with a thin limiting shell phase did not duplicate the observed dispersion curves, whereas a "double-shell" model in which one additional concentric shell is incorporated into the "single-shell" model gave a much better fit between the observed and the predicted dispersion curves. Based on the latter model, we analyzed the raw data of dielectric measurements to yield a set of plausible electrical parameters for the lymphoma cell: CM approximately or equal to 1.0 muF/cm2, CN approximately or equal to 0.4 muF/cm2, epsilonk approximately or equal to 300, kc/ka approximately to or equal to 0.9, and kk/kc approximately or equal to 0.7. Here, CM and CN are the specific capacities of plasma and nuclear membranes; epsilon and k are the dielectric constant and conductivity with subscript a, c and k referring respectively to the extracellular, the cytoplasmic and the karyoplasmic phases.
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Houssier C, Bontemps J, Emonds-Alt X, Fredericq E. Electric dichroism and birefringence of DNA, chromatin, and their complexes with cationic dyes. The structure of chromatin. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1977; 303:170-89. [PMID: 290291 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb55930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Mandel M. Dielectric properties of charged linear macromolecules with particular reference to DNA. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1977; 303:74-89. [PMID: 290309 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb55921.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tung MS, Molinari RJ, Cole RH, Gibbs JH. Influence of temperature and ionic strength on the low-frequency dielectric dispersion of DNA solutions. Biopolymers 1977; 16:2653-69. [PMID: 597575 DOI: 10.1002/bip.1977.360161207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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