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Iwai T, Honda S, Watanabe S, Matsushita R, Nakanishi T, Takatsu M, Moriwaki T, Yabashi M, Ishikawa T, Seto Y. Forensic Discrimination of Drug Powder Based on Drug Mixing Condition Determined Using Micro Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:4285-4293. [PMID: 36743070 PMCID: PMC9893443 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The quantitative evaluation of the drug mixing condition was conducted for application in the forensic discrimination of drug powders using micro Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Bromhexine hydrochloride (BHCl) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) were used as the simulated drug and additive, respectively. Equal masses of two chemicals were (1) simply mixed, (2) homogenized using agate mortar, or (3) dissolved in methanol and dried, and then (4) homogenized using agate mortar. The mixed powders dispersed on BaF2 plates were subjected to mapping analysis of micro FT-IR spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation (SR) or globar light in transmission mode with aperture sizes of 2.5 x 2.5 and 10 x 10μm2, and x-y scanning steps of 2.5 and 10 μm, respectively. The areas of the vibration bands specific to BHCl (C-N bending) and PHBA (C=O stretching) were converted to the molar contents (CBHCl, CPHBA), and the relative content ratio (RCR: CPHBA/[CBHCl + CPHBA]) was used as one mixing parameter. The resulting two-dimensional distribution map provided the relative spatial localizations of the two species, and frequency histograms with a horizontal axis of RCR were plotted to evaluate the RCR distribution. The percentage frequency of the extreme value in which RCR was 0 or 1 (%EV) was used as one mixing index. After excluding the extreme values, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the RCR distribution was used as another mixing index. The differentiation among four mixing modes could be evaluated from the standpoint of %EV and CV, and the discrimination capacity by SR instrument was superior to that by globe light instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Iwai
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Sadao Honda
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5198, Japan
| | - Shimpei Watanabe
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Matsushita
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Toshio Nakanishi
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Masahisa Takatsu
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Taro Moriwaki
- Japan
Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5198, Japan
| | - Makina Yabashi
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
| | - Yasuo Seto
- RIKEN
SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1
Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo679-5148, Japan
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2
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Kuzuhara A. A Raman spectroscopic investigation of the mechanism of the reduction in hair with thioglycerol and the accompanying disulphide conformational changes. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 40:34-43. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kuzuhara
- Department of Costume and Clothing Science; Faculty of Home Economics; Tokyo Kasei University; 1-18-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku Tokyo 173-8602 Japan
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3
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Xu H, Song K, Mu B, Yang Y. Green and Sustainable Technology for High-Efficiency and Low-Damage Manipulation of Densely Crosslinked Proteins. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:1760-1768. [PMID: 30023644 PMCID: PMC6044844 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A two-step technology using nontoxic and eco-friendly chemicals is developed for the durable setting of densely/highly crosslinked proteins, such as wool and hair. Currently, most technologies for morphological modification are effective only for materials from non-highly-crosslinked proteins and cellulose. Before their morphological change, only water is needed to interrupt hydrogen bonds and ionic linkages, which stabilize the relative positions of molecules in non-highly-crosslinked proteins and cellulose. However, highly crosslinked proteins contain disulfide crosslinks, which are insusceptible to water. Thus, the controlled cleavage of disulfide bonds is required for creating new morphologies of highly crosslinked protein materials, such as hair and wool. Herein, cysteine and citric acid (CA) were used for the two-step setting of highly crosslinked proteins. This recipe showed better morphological change and less mechanical loss than commercial hair styling products. A reaction between CA and keratin was proposed, and verified via NMR and Raman spectra and titration. This technology could be a prospective alternative to achieve durable hair setting, anticrease finishing of wool textiles, and other durable morphological changes needed for highly crosslinked proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helan Xu
- Department
of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Department of Biological
Systems Engineering, and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0802, United States
| | - Kaili Song
- Department
of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Department of Biological
Systems Engineering, and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0802, United States
- Key
Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of
Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bingnan Mu
- Department
of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Department of Biological
Systems Engineering, and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0802, United States
| | - Yiqi Yang
- Department
of Textiles, Merchandising and Fashion Design, Department of Biological
Systems Engineering, and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 234, HECO Building, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0802, United States
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Skieresz-Szewczyk K, Jackowiak H, Buchwald T, Szybowicz M. Localization of Alpha-Keratin and Beta-Keratin (Corneous Beta Protein) in the Epithelium on the Ventral Surface of the Lingual Apex and Its Lingual Nail in the Domestic Goose (Anser Anser f. domestica) by Using Immunohistochemistry and Raman Microspectros. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2017; 300:1361-1368. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.23591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hanna Jackowiak
- Department of Histology and Embryology; Poznan University of Life Sciences; Poznan Poland
| | - Tomasz Buchwald
- Faculty of Technical Physics; Institute of Materials Research and Quantum Engineering, Poznan University of Technology; Poznan Poland
| | - Mirosław Szybowicz
- Faculty of Technical Physics; Institute of Materials Research and Quantum Engineering, Poznan University of Technology; Poznan Poland
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Quatela A, Miloudi L, Tfayli A, Baillet-Guffroy A. In vivo Raman Microspectroscopy: Intra- and Intersubject Variability of Stratum Corneum Spectral Markers. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2016; 29:102-9. [DOI: 10.1159/000445079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Kuzuhara A. Internal structural changes in keratin fibres resulting from combined hair waving and stress relaxation treatments: a Raman spectroscopic investigation. Int J Cosmet Sci 2015; 38:201-9. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kuzuhara
- Research and Development Department; Sunny-Place Co., Ltd.; 4-6-8 Kuramae Taito-ku Tokyo 111-0051 Japan
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Pudney PDA, Bonnist EYM, Mutch KJ, Nicholls R, Rieley H, Stanfield S. Confocal Raman spectroscopy of whole hairs. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 67:1408-1416. [PMID: 24359655 DOI: 10.1366/13-07086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the application of Raman spectroscopy to whole hair fibers. Previously this has proved difficult because the hairs are relatively opaque, and spatial resolution diminishes with depth because of the change in refractive index. A solution is to couple confocal Raman with multivariate curve resolution (MCR) data analysis, which separates spectral differences with depth despite this reduction in resolution. Initially, it is shown that the cuticle can be separated from the cortex, showing the differences in the proteins, which can then be plotted as a function of depth, with the cuticle factor being seen only at the surface as expected. Hairs that had been treated in different ways, e.g., by bleaching, treatment with the active molecule resorcinol followed by rinsing and treatment with a full hair care product, were also examined. In all cases, changes to the hair are identified and are associated with specific parts of the fiber. Since the hair fiber is kept intact, it can be repeatedly treated and measured, hence multistep treatment processes can be followed. This method expands the potential use of Raman spectroscopy in hair research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul D A Pudney
- Unilever Discover, Colworth Laboratory, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, MK44 1LQ UK
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8
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Comparative study on keratin structural changes in onychomycosis and normal human finger nail specimens by Raman spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Kuzuhara A. Raman spectroscopic analysis of L-phenylalanine and hydrolyzed eggwhite protein penetration into keratin fibers. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.34311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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10
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Kim KS, Lee J, Jung MH, Choi YJ, Park HK. Characterization of human ovarian teratoma hair by using AFM, FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2011; 74:1121-6. [PMID: 21538696 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.21003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Accepted: 02/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The structural, physical, and chemical properties of hair taken from an ovarian teratoma (teratoma hair) was first examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and Raman spectroscopy. The similarities and differences between the teratoma hair and scalp hair were also investigated. Teratoma hair showed a similar morphology and chemical composition to scalp hair. Teratoma hair was covered with a cuticle in the same manner as scalp hair and showed the same amide bonding modes as scalp hair according to FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. On the other hand, teratoma hair showed different physical properties and cysteic acid bands from scalp hair: the surface was rougher and the adhesive force was lower than the scalp hair. The cystine oxides modes did not change with the position unlike scalp hair. These differences can be understood by environmental effects not by the intrinsic properties of the teratoma hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Sook Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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11
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Ha BJ, Kim SM, Kim CR, Jung OS. Porous Morphology and Selective Metal-Adsorption of Burned Human Hairs. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.6.1459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Chan KLA, Tay FH, Taylor C, Kazarian SG. A novel approach for study of in situ diffusion in human hair using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 62:1041-1044. [PMID: 18801245 DOI: 10.1366/000370208785793263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K L Andrew Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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13
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Tfayli A, Piot O, Draux F, Pitre F, Manfait M. Molecular characterization of reconstructed skin model by Raman microspectroscopy: comparison with excised human skin. Biopolymers 2007; 87:261-74. [PMID: 17763468 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human skin is directly exposed to different exogenous agents. Many research works have studied the diffusion, interactions, absorption mechanisms, and/or toxicity of these agents toward different cutaneous structures. With the use of living animals for such tests being more and more rejected; and the number of human volunteers being limited; different types of skin models are used. In the last few years, reconstructed epidermis from cell cultures has been frequently employed, and recent changes in the European chemical policy have approved and encouraged the use of these reconstructed models for skin-related research works and assessments. Among the techniques used actually to study the skin, Raman microspectroscopy is a rising and powerful nondestructive technique that detects characteristic molecular vibrations. In this study, we created a spectral database to index the vibration peaks and bands of a well-known reconstructed epidermis model, the Episkin. The comparison with a native epidermis signal enabled us to put in evidence several spectral differences associated with molecular and structural differences between the skin and the reconstructed model, both maintained in living conditions. In addition to that, we have showed the feasibility of tracking the penetration of a pharmaceutical molecule through the Episkin model. (
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tfayli
- MeDIAN Unit, CNRS UMR 6142, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
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14
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Kuzuhara A. Analysis of structural changes in permanent waved human hair using Raman spectroscopy. Biopolymers 2007; 85:274-83. [PMID: 17143860 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism leading to the reduction in tensile strength of permanent waved human hair, the structure of cross-sections at various depths of permanent waved white human hair was directly analyzed without isolating the cuticle and cortex, using Raman spectroscopy. The beta-sheet and/or random coil content (beta/R) and the Amide III(unordered) band intensity existing throughout the cortex region of virgin white human hair remarkably increased, while the alpha-helix (alpha) content slightly decreased by performing the permanent waving treatment. This suggests a secondary structural change from the alpha-helix form to the random coil form in the proteins existing in the microfibril of the cortex region. On the other hand, the S-S band intensity existing in the matrix of the cortex region almost did not change, despite the reduction in the tensile strength of the white human hair following the permanent waving treatment. Moreover, the transmission electron microscope observation shows that the macrofibril (the microfibril and matrix) existing in the cortex region of the virgin white human hair was remarkably disturbed, while the cuticle region was almost unchanged by performing the permanent waving treatment. From these experiments, the authors concluded that some of proteins existing in the cortex region (the microfibril and matrix) of the virgin white human hair were changed, thereby leading to the remarkable reduction in the tensile strength of the white human hair after the permanent waving treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kuzuhara
- Central Research Laboratories, Mandom Corporation, 5-12, Juniken-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-8530, Japan.
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15
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Kuzuhara A, Fujiwara N, Hori T. Analysis of internal structure changes in black human hair keratin fibers with aging using Raman spectroscopy. Biopolymers 2007; 87:134-40. [PMID: 17626296 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the internal structure changes in virgin black human hair keratin fibers due to aging, the structure of cross-sections at various depths of virgin black human hair (sections of new growth hair: 2 mm from the scalp) from a group of eight Japanese females in their twenties and another group of eight Japanese females in their fifties were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. For the first time, we have succeeded in recording the Raman spectra of virgin black human hair, which had been impossible due to high melanin granule content. The key points of this method are to cross-section hair samples to a thickness of 1.50-microm, to select points at various depths of the cortex with the fewest possible melanin granules, and to optimize laser power, cross slit width as well as total acquisition time. The reproducibility of the Raman bands, namely the alpha-helix (alpha) content, the beta-sheet and/or random coil (beta/R) content, the disulfide (--SS--) content, and random coil content of two adjoining cross-sections of a single hair keratin fiber was clearly good. The --SS-- content of virgin black human hair from the Japanese females in their fifties for the cortex region decreased compared with that of the Japanese females in their twenties. On the other hand, the beta/R and alpha contents of the cortex region did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kuzuhara
- Central Research Laboratories, Mandom Corporation, Osaka, Japan.
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Kuzuhara A. Analysis of structural changes in bleached keratin fibers (black and white human hair) using Raman spectroscopy. Biopolymers 2006; 81:506-14. [PMID: 16425172 DOI: 10.1002/bip.20453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of bleaching treatments on keratin fibers, the structure of cross-sections at various depths of bleached human hair (black and white human hair) was directly analyzed without isolating the cuticle and cortex, using Raman spectroscopy. The S-S band intensity existing from the cuticle region to the center of cortex region of virgin white human hair decreased, while the S-O band intensity at 1040 cm(-1), assigned to cysteic acid, increased by performing the bleaching treatment. Especially, the S-O band intensity of the cuticle region increased remarkably compared with that of the cortex region. Also, the amide III (unordered) band intensity in the cortex region increased, indicating that some of the proteins existing throughout the cortex region changed to the random coil form. Moreover, it has been found that the S-S band intensity existing from the cuticle region to the center of the cortex region of the virgin black human hair decreased remarkably, while the S-O band intensity increased significantly compared with that of the virgin white human hair by performing the bleaching treatment. From these experiments, we concluded that the melanin granules including metal ions act as a decomposition accelerator for the oxidizing agent, thereby leading to a higher level of disulfide (-SS-) group cleavage in the black human hair compared with that of the white human hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Kuzuhara
- Central Research Laboratories, Mandom Corp., 5-12, Juniken-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-8530, Japan.
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