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Palma E, Içhedef C, Fernandes C, Belchior A, Raposinho P, Gano L, Miranda A, Moreira D, Lourenço P, Cruz C, Pires AS, Botelho MF, Paulo A. Targeting of G-quadruplex DNA with 99mTc(I)/Re(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Carrying Pyridostatin Derivatives. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400285. [PMID: 38386665 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The main goal of this work was to elucidate the potential relevance of (radio)metal chelates of 99mTc and Re targeting G-quadruplex structures for the design of new tools for cancer theranostics. 99mTc provides the complexes with the ability to perform single-photon-emission computed tomography imaging studies, while the Re complexes should act as anticancer agents upon interaction with specific G4 DNA or RNA structures present in tumor tissues. Towards this goal, we have developed isostructural 99mTc(I) and Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes anchored by a pyrazolyl-diamine (Pz) chelator carrying a pendant pyridostatin (PDS) fragment as the G4-binding motif. The interaction of the PDF-Pz-Re (8) complex with different G4-forming oligonucleotides was studied by circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy and FRET-melting assays. The results showed that the Re complex retained the ability to bind and stabilize G4-structures from different DNA or RNA sequences, namely those present on the SRC proto-oncogene and telomeric RNA (TERRA sequence). PDF-Pz-Re (8) showed low to moderate cytotoxicity in PC3 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, as typically observed for G4-binders. Biodistribution studies of the congener PDF-Pz-99mTc (12) in normal mice showed that the complex undergoes a fast blood clearance with a predominant hepatobiliary excretion, pointing also for a high in vitro stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Palma
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Cigdem Içhedef
- Ege University, Institute of Nuclear Sciences, 35100, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Célia Fernandes
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Ana Belchior
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Paula Raposinho
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - Lurdes Gano
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - David Moreira
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Lourenço
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Universidade da Beira Interior, Rua Marquês de Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ana Salomé Pires
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR) Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), 3000-061, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- C2TN-Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
- DECN-Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal
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2
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Chatzilakou E, Hu Y, Jiang N, Yetisen AK. Biosensors for melanoma skin cancer diagnostics. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 250:116045. [PMID: 38301546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a critical global public health concern, with melanoma being the deadliest variant, correlated to 80% of skin cancer-related deaths and a remarkable propensity to metastasize. Despite notable progress in skin cancer prevention and diagnosis, the limitations of existing methods accentuate the demand for precise diagnostic tools. Biosensors have emerged as valuable clinical tools, enabling rapid and reliable point-of-care (POC) testing of skin cancer. This review offers insights into skin cancer development, highlights essential cutaneous melanoma biomarkers, and assesses the current landscape of biosensing technologies for diagnosis. The comprehensive analysis in this review underscores the transformative potential of biosensors in revolutionizing melanoma skin cancer diagnosis, emphasizing their critical role in advancing patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency. The increasing availability of these approaches supports direct diagnosis and aims to reduce the reliance on biopsies, enhancing POC diagnosis. Recent advancements in biosensors for skin cancer diagnosis hold great promise, with their integration into healthcare expected to enhance early detection accuracy and reliability, thereby mitigating socioeconomic disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Chatzilakou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK
| | - Yubing Hu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
| | - Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; JinFeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China.
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, SW7 2BU, UK.
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3
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Shi H, Cheng Z. MC1R and melanin-based molecular probes for theranostic of melanoma and beyond. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:3034-3044. [PMID: 36008707 PMCID: PMC9712491 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant melanoma is accounting for most of skin cancer-associated mortality. The incidence of melanoma increased every year worldwide especially in western countries. Treatment efficiency is highly related to the stage of melanoma. Therefore, accurate staging and restaging play a pivotal role in the management of melanoma patients. Though 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron-emission tomography (PET) has been widely used in imaging of tumor metastases, novel radioactive probes for specific targeted imaging of both primary and metastasized melanoma are still desired. Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) and melanin are two promising biomarkers specifically for melanoma, and numerous research groups including us have been actively developing a plethora of radioactive probes based on targeting of MC1R or melanin for over two decades. In this review, some of the MC1R-targeted tracers and melanin-associated molecular imaging probes developed in our research and others have been briefly summarized, and it provides a quick glance of melanoma-targeted probe design and may contribute to further developing novel molecular probes for cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai, 264117, China.
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4
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Durek T, Kaas Q, White AM, Weidmann J, Fuaad AA, Cheneval O, Schroeder CI, de Veer SJ, Dellsén A, Österlund T, Larsson N, Knerr L, Bauer U, Plowright AT, Craik DJ. Melanocortin 1 Receptor Agonists Based on a Bivalent, Bicyclic Peptide Framework. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9906-9915. [PMID: 34197114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have designed a new class of highly potent bivalent melanocortin receptor ligands based on the nature-derived bicyclic peptide sunflower trypsin inhibitor 1 (SFTI-1). Incorporation of melanotropin pharmacophores in each of the two turn regions of SFTI-1 resulted in substantial gains in agonist activity particularly at human melanocortin receptors 1 and 3 (hMC1R/hMC3R) compared to monovalent analogues. In in vitro binding and functional assays, the most potent molecule, compound 6, displayed low picomolar agonist activity at hMC1R (pEC50 > 10.3; EC50 < 50 pM; pKi: 10.16 ± 0.04; Ki: 69 ± 5 pM) and is at least 30-fold more selective for this receptor than for hMC3R, hMC4R, or hMC5R. The results are discussed in the context of structural homology models of hMCRs in complex with the developed bivalent ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Durek
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Quentin Kaas
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew M White
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Joachim Weidmann
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Abdullah Ahmad Fuaad
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Olivier Cheneval
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Christina I Schroeder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Simon J de Veer
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anita Dellsén
- Mechanistic Biology & Profiling, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Torben Österlund
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden.,Drug Safety and Metabolism, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Niklas Larsson
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Laurent Knerr
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Udo Bauer
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Alleyn T Plowright
- Medicinal Chemistry, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg 43183, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - David J Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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5
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Tichacek CJ, Tafreshi NK, Kil H, Engelman RW, Doligalski ML, Budzevich MM, Gage KL, McLaughlin ML, Wadas TJ, Silva A, Moros E, Morse DL. Biodistribution and Multicompartment Pharmacokinetic Analysis of a Targeted α Particle Therapy. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4180-4188. [PMID: 32960613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Targeted α particle therapy (TAT) is ideal for treating disease while minimizing damage to surrounding nontargeted tissues due to short path length and high linear energy transfer (LET). We developed a TAT for metastatic uveal melanoma, targeting the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R), which is expressed in 94% of uveal melanomas. Two versions of the therapy are being investigated: 225Ac-DOTA-Ahx-MC1RL (225Ac-Ahx) and 225Ac-DOTA-di-d-Glu-MC1RL (225Ac-di-d-Glu). The biodistribution (BD) from each was studied and a multicompartment pharmacokinetic (PK) model was developed to describe drug distribution rates. Two groups of 16 severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice bearing high MC1R expressing tumors were intravenously injected with 225Ac-Ahx or 225Ac-di-d-Glu. After injection, four groups (n = 4) were euthanized at 24, 96, 144, and 288 h time points for each cohort. Tumors and 13 other organs were harvested at each time point. Isomeric γ spectra were measured in tissue samples using a scintillation γ detector and converted to α activity using factors for γ ray abundance per α decay. Time activity curves were calculated for each organ. A five-compartment PK model was built with the following compartments: blood, tumor, normal tissue, kidney, and liver. This model is characterized by a system of five ordinary differential equations using mass action kinetics, which describe uptake, intercompartmental transitions, and clearance rates. The ordinary differential equations were simultaneously solved and fit to experimental data using a genetic algorithm for optimization. The BD data show that both compounds have minimal distribution to organs at risk other than the kidney and liver. The PK parameter estimates had less than 5% error. From these data, 225Ac-Ahx showed larger and faster uptake in the liver. Both compounds had comparable uptake and clearance rates for other compartments. The BD and PK behavior for two targeted radiopharmaceuticals were investigated. The PK model fit the experimental data and provided insight into the kinetics of the compounds systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Tichacek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Narges K Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - HyunJoo Kil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Robert W Engelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Michael L Doligalski
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Mikalai M Budzevich
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States.,Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Kenneth L Gage
- Department of Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Mark L McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States.,Modulation Therapeutics Inc., Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, United States
| | - Thaddeus J Wadas
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, United States
| | - Ariosto Silva
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Eduardo Moros
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - David L Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
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6
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Klenner MA, Darwish T, Fraser BH, Massi M, Pascali G. Labeled Rhenium Complexes: Radiofluorination, α-MSH Cyclization, and Deuterium Substitutions. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Klenner
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia 6102
| | - Tamim Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
| | - Benjamin H. Fraser
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
| | - Massimiliano Massi
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia 6102
| | - Giancarlo Pascali
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, New South Wales, Australia 2234
- Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia 2031
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, New South Wales, Australia 2052
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7
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Structural modifications of amino acid sequences of radiolabeled peptides for targeted tumor imaging. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Ramogida CF, Robertson AKH, Jermilova U, Zhang C, Yang H, Kunz P, Lassen J, Bratanovic I, Brown V, Southcott L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez C, Radchenko V, Bénard F, Orvig C, Schaffer P. Evaluation of polydentate picolinic acid chelating ligands and an α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone derivative for targeted alpha therapy using ISOL-produced 225Ac. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2019; 4:21. [PMID: 31659557 PMCID: PMC6684685 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-019-0072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinium-225 (225Ac, t1/2 = 9.9 d) is a promising candidate radionuclide for use in targeted alpha therapy (TAT), though the currently limited global supply has hindered the development of a suitable Ac-chelating ligand and 225Ac-radiopharmaceuticals towards the clinic. We at TRIUMF have leveraged our Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) facility to produce 225Ac and use the resulting radioactivity to screen a number of potential 225Ac-radiopharmaceutical compounds. RESULTS MBq quantities of 225Ac and parent radium-225 (225Ra, t1/2 = 14.8 d) were produced and separated using solid phase extraction DGA resin, resulting in a radiochemically pure 225Ac product in > 98% yield and in an amenable form for radiolabeling of ligands and bioconjugates. Of the many polydentate picolinic acid ("pa") containing ligands evaluated (H4octapa [N4O4], H4CHXoctapa [N4O4], p-NO2-Bn-H4neunpa [N5O4], and H6phospa [N4O4]), all out-performed the current gold standard, DOTA for 225Ac radiolabeling ability at ambient temperature. Moreover, a melanocortin 1 receptor-targeting peptide conjugate, DOTA-modified cyclized α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (DOTA-CycMSH), was radiolabeled with 225Ac and proof-of-principle biodistribution studies using B16F10 tumour-bearing mice were conducted. At 2 h post-injection, tumour-to-blood ratios of 20.4 ± 3.4 and 4.8 ± 2.4 were obtained for the non-blocking (molar activity [M.A.] > 200 kBq/nmol) and blocking (M.A. = 1.6 kBq/nmol) experiment, respectively. CONCLUSION TRIUMF's ISOL facility is able to provide 225Ac suitable for preclinical screening of radiopharmaceutical compounds; [225Ac(octapa)]-, [225Ac(CHXoctapa)]-, and [225Ac(DOTA-CycMSH)] may be good candidates for further targeted alpha therapy studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina F Ramogida
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Andrew K H Robertson
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada.,Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Una Jermilova
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Hua Yang
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Peter Kunz
- Accelerator Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Jens Lassen
- Accelerator Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Ivica Bratanovic
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Victoria Brown
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Lily Southcott
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - Cristina Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Road, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Valery Radchenko
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada.,Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, 675 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada.,Department of Functional Imaging, BC Cancer, 600 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Chris Orvig
- Medicinal Inorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Paul Schaffer
- Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2A3, Canada. .,Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada. .,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel St, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
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9
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Todorovic M, Schwab KD, Zeisler J, Zhang C, Bénard F, Perrin DM. Fluorescent Isoindole Crosslink (FlICk) Chemistry: A Rapid, User-friendly Stapling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14120-14124. [PMID: 31211905 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The stabilization of peptide secondary structure via stapling is a ubiquitous goal for creating new probes, imaging agents, and drugs. Inspired by indole-derived crosslinks found in natural peptide toxins, we employed ortho-phthalaldehydes to create isoindole staples, thus transforming inactive linear and monocyclic precursors into bioactive monocyclic and bicyclic products. Mild, metal-free conditions give an array of macrocyclic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) derivatives, of which several isoindole-stapled α-MSH analogues (Ki ≈1 nm) are found to be as potent as α-MSH. Analogously, late-stage intra-annular isoindole stapling furnished a bicyclic peptide mimic of α-amanitin that is cytotoxic to CHO cells (IC50 =70 μm). Given its user-friendliness, we have termed this approach FlICk (fluorescent isoindole crosslink) chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihajlo Todorovic
- Chemistry Department, UBC, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Katerina D Schwab
- Chemistry Department, UBC, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Jutta Zeisler
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Francois Bénard
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre, 675 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David M Perrin
- Chemistry Department, UBC, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C., V6T1Z1, Canada
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10
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Todorovic M, Schwab KD, Zeisler J, Zhang C, Bénard F, Perrin DM. Fluorescent Isoindole Crosslink (FlICk) Chemistry: A Rapid, User‐friendly Stapling Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihajlo Todorovic
- Chemistry Department UBC 2036 Main Mall Vancouver B.C. V6T1Z1 Canada
| | | | - Jutta Zeisler
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre 675 West 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre 675 West 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| | - Francois Bénard
- B.C. Cancer Agency Research Centre 675 West 10th Avenue Vancouver BC V5Z 1L3 Canada
| | - David M. Perrin
- Chemistry Department UBC 2036 Main Mall Vancouver B.C. V6T1Z1 Canada
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11
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12
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Oliveira MC, Correia JDG. Biomedical applications of radioiodinated peptides. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:56-77. [PMID: 31238251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of peptide receptors in certain tumors as compared to endogeneous expression levels represents the molecular basis for the design of peptide-based tools for targeted nuclear imaging and therapy. Receptor targeting with radiolabelled peptides became a very important imaging and/or therapeutic approach in nuclear medicine and oncology. A great variety of peptides has been radiolabelled with clinical relevant radionuclides, such as radiometals and radiohalogens. However, to the best of our knowledge concise and updated reviews providing information about the biomedical application of radioiodinated peptides are still missing. This review outlines the synthetic efforts in the preparation of radioiodinated peptides highlighting the importance of radioiodine in nuclear medicine, giving an overview of the most relevant radioiodination strategies that have been employed and describes relevant examples of their use in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066, Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
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13
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von Hacht JL, Erdmann S, Niederstadt L, Prasad S, Wagener A, Exner S, Beindorff N, Brenner W, Grötzinger C. Increasing molar activity by HPLC purification improves 68Ga-DOTA-NAPamide tumor accumulation in a B16/F1 melanoma xenograft model. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217883. [PMID: 31163066 PMCID: PMC6548402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) is overexpressed in melanoma and may be a molecular target for imaging and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. 68Gallium (68Ga) labeling of DOTA-conjugated peptides is an established procedure in the clinic for use in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Aim of this study was to compare a standard labeling protocol against the 68Ga-DOTA peptide purified from the excess of unlabeled peptide. Procedures The MC1R ligand DOTA-NAPamide was labeled with 68Ga using a standard clinical protocol. Radioactive peptide was separated from the excess of unlabeled DOTA-NAPamide by HPLC. Immediately after the incubation of peptide and 68Ga (95°C, 15 min), the reaction was loaded on a C18 column and separated by a water/acetonitrile gradient, allowing fractionation in less than 20 minutes. Radiolabeled products were compared in biodistribution studies and PET imaging using nude mice bearing MC1R-expressing B16/F1 xenograft tumors. Results In biodistribution studies, non-purified 68Ga-DOTA-NAPamide did not show significant uptake in the tumor at 1 h post injection (0.78% IA/g). By the additional HPLC step, the molar activity was raised around 10,000-fold by completely removing unlabeled peptide. Application of this rapid purification strategy led to a more than 8-fold increase in tumor uptake (7.0% IA/g). The addition of various amounts of unlabeled DOTA-NAPamide to the purified product led to a blocking effect and decreased specific tumor uptake, similar to the result seen with non-purified radiopeptide. PET imaging was performed using the same tracer preparations. Purified 68Ga-DOTA-NAPamide, in comparison, showed superior tumor uptake. Conclusions We demonstrated that chromatographic separation of radiolabeled from excess unlabeled peptide is technically feasible and beneficial, even for short-lived isotopes such as 68Ga. Unlabeled peptide molecules compete with receptor binding sites in the target tissue. Purification of the radiopeptide therefore improved tumor uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lennart von Hacht
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sarah Erdmann
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Niederstadt
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonal Prasad
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Asja Wagener
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicola Beindorff
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Winfried Brenner
- Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Cancer Research Center (MKFZ), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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14
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Franco Machado J, Silva RD, Melo R, G Correia JD. Less Exploited GPCRs in Precision Medicine: Targets for Molecular Imaging and Theranostics. Molecules 2018; 24:E49. [PMID: 30583594 PMCID: PMC6337414 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine relies on individually tailored therapeutic intervention taking into account individual variability. It is strongly dependent on the availability of target-specific drugs and/or imaging agents that recognize molecular targets and patient-specific disease mechanisms. The most sensitive molecular imaging modalities, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), rely on the interaction between an imaging radioprobe and a target. Moreover, the use of target-specific molecular tools for both diagnostics and therapy, theranostic agents, represent an established methodology in nuclear medicine that is assuming an increasingly important role in precision medicine. The design of innovative imaging and/or theranostic agents is key for further accomplishments in the field. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), apart from being highly relevant drug targets, have also been largely exploited as molecular targets for non-invasive imaging and/or systemic radiotherapy of various diseases. Herein, we will discuss recent efforts towards the development of innovative imaging and/or theranostic agents targeting selected emergent GPCRs, namely the Frizzled receptor (FZD), Ghrelin receptor (GHSR-1a), G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), and Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR). The pharmacological and clinical relevance will be highlighted, giving particular attention to the studies on the synthesis and characterization of targeted molecular imaging agents, biological evaluation, and potential clinical applications in oncology and non-oncology diseases. Whenever relevant, supporting computational studies will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Franco Machado
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Rúben D Silva
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Rita Melo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology; Rua Larga, Faculdade de Medicina, Polo I, 1ºandar, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, CTN, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139,7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
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15
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Zhang C, Lin KS, Bénard F. Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy of Melanoma Targeting the Melanocortin 1 Receptor. Mol Imaging 2018; 16:1536012117737919. [PMID: 29182034 PMCID: PMC5714078 DOI: 10.1177/1536012117737919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is a deadly disease at late metastatic stage, and early diagnosis and accurate staging remain the key aspects for managing melanoma. The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1 R) is overexpressed in primary and metastatic melanomas, and its endogenous ligand, the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH), has been extensively studied for the development of MC1 R-targeted molecular imaging and therapy of melanoma. Natural αMSH is not well suited for this purpose due to low stability in vivo. Unnatural amino acid substitutions substantially stabilized the peptide, while cyclization via lactam bridge and metal coordination further improved binding affinity and stability. In this study, we summarized the development and the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the radiolabeled αMSH analogues, including 99mTc-, 111In-, 67 Ga-, or 125I-labeled αMSH analogues for imaging with single-photon emission computed tomography; 68Ga-, 64Cu-, or 18F-labeled αMSH analogues for imaging with positron emission tomography; and 188Re-, 177Lu-, 90Y-, or 212Pb-labeled αMSH analogues for radionuclide therapy. These radiolabeled αMSH analogues showed promising results with high tumor uptake and rapid normal tissue activity clearance in the preclinical model of B16F1 and B16F10 mouse melanomas. These results highlight the potential of using radiolabeled αMSH analogues in clinical applications for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- 1 Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- 1 Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,2 Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- 1 Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,2 Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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16
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Zakeri K, Narayanan D, Evans G, Prasanna P, Buchsbaum JC, Vikram B, Capala J. Advancing Targeted Radionuclide Therapy Through the National Cancer Institute's Small Business Innovation Research Pathway. J Nucl Med 2018; 60:41-49. [PMID: 30030338 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.214684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) are congressionally mandated set-aside programs that provide research funding to for-profit small businesses for the development of innovative technologies and treatments that serve the public good. These two programs have an annual budget of $159 million (in 2017) and serve as the NCI's main engine of innovation for developing and commercializing cancer technologies. In collaboration with the NCI's Radiation Research Program, the NCI SBIR Development Center published in 2015-2017 three separate requests for proposals from small businesses for the development of systemic targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) technologies to treat cancer. TRT combines a cytotoxic radioactive isotope with a molecularly targeted agent to produce an anticancer therapy capable of treating local or systemic disease. This article summarizes the NCI SBIR funding solicitations for the development of TRTs and the research proposals funded through them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Zakeri
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.,Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; and
| | - Deepa Narayanan
- Small Business Innovation Research Development Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Greg Evans
- Small Business Innovation Research Development Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Pataje Prasanna
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey C Buchsbaum
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Bhadrasain Vikram
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jacek Capala
- Radiation Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
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17
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Zhang C, Zhang Z, Lin KS, Lau J, Zeisler J, Colpo N, Perrin DM, Bénard F. Melanoma Imaging Using 18F-Labeled α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Derivatives with Positron Emission Tomography. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2116-2122. [PMID: 29714486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is specifically expressed in the majority of melanomas, a leading cause of death related to skin cancers. Accurate staging and early detection is crucial in managing melanoma. Based on the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH) sequence, MC1R-targeted peptides have been studied for melanoma imaging, predominately for use with single-photon emission computed tomography, with few attempts made for positron emission tomography (PET). 18F is a commonly used PET isotope due to readily available cyclotron production, pure positron emission, and a favorable half-life (109.8 min). In this study, we aim to design and evaluate αMSH derivatives that enable radiolabeling with 18F for PET imaging of melanoma. We synthesized three imaging probes based on the structure of Nle4-cyclo[Asp5-His-d-Phe7-Arg-Trp-Lys10]-NH2 (Nle-CycMSHhex), with a Pip linker (CCZ01064), an Acp linker (CCZ01070), or an Aoc linker (CCZ01071). 18F labeling was enabled by an ammoniomethyl-trifluoroborate (AmBF3) moiety. In vitro competition binding assays showed subnanomolar inhibition constant ( Ki) values for all three peptides. The 18F radiolabeling was performed via a one-step 18F-19F isotope exchange reaction that resulted in high radiochemical purity (>95%) and good molar activity (specific activity) ranging from 40.7 to 66.6 MBq/nmol. All three 18F-labeled peptides produced excellent tumor visualization with PET imaging in C57BL/6J mice bearing B16-F10 tumors. The tumor uptake was 7.80 ± 1.77, 5.27 ± 2.38, and 5.46 ± 2.64% injected dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) for [18F]CCZ01064, [18F]CCZ01070, and [18F]CCZ01071 at 1 h post-injection (p.i.), respectively. Minimal background activity was observed except for kidneys at 4.99 ± 0.20, 4.42 ± 0.54, and 13.55 ± 2.84%ID/g, respectively. The best candidate [18F]CCZ01064 was further evaluated at 2 h p.i., which showed increased tumor uptake at 11.96 ± 2.31%ID/g and further reduced normal tissue uptake. Moreover, a blocking study was performed for CCZ01064 at 1 h p.i., where tumor uptake was significantly reduced to 1.97 ± 0.60%ID/g, suggesting the tumor uptake was receptor mediated. In conclusion, [18F]CCZ01064 showed high tumor uptake, low normal tissue uptake, and fast clearance and is therefore a suitable and promising candidate for PET imaging of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | - Joseph Lau
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | - Jutta Zeisler
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | - Nadine Colpo
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
| | | | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology , BC Cancer Agency , Vancouver , British Columbia V5Z 1L3 , Canada
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18
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Chen F, Zhang X, Ma K, Madajewski B, Benezra M, Zhang L, Phillips E, Turker MZ, Gallazzi F, Penate-Medina O, Overholtzer M, Pauliah M, Gonen M, Zanzonico P, Wiesner U, Bradbury MS, Quinn TP. Melanocortin-1 Receptor-Targeting Ultrasmall Silica Nanoparticles for Dual-Modality Human Melanoma Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:4379-4393. [PMID: 29058865 PMCID: PMC5803308 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The poor prognosis associated with malignant melanoma has not changed substantially over the past 30 years. Targeted molecular therapies, such as immunotherapy, have shown promise but suffer from resistance and off-target toxicities, underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic strategies that can be used in combination with existing protocols. Moreover, peptides targeting melanoma-specific markers, like the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1-R), for imaging and therapy exhibit high renal uptake that limits clinical translation. In the current study, the application of ultrasmall fluorescent (Cy5) silica nanoparticles (C' dots), conjugated with MC1-R targeting alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) peptides on the polyethylene glycol (PEG) coated surface, is examined for melanoma-selective imaging. αMSH peptide sequences, evaluated for conjugation to the PEG-Cy5-C' dot nanoparticles, bound to MC1-R with high affinity and targeted melanoma in syngenetic and xenografted melanoma mouse models. Results demonstrated a 10-fold improvement in MC1-R affinity over the native peptide alone following surface attachment of the optimal αMSH peptide. Systematic in vivo studies further demonstrated favorable in vivo renal clearance kinetics as well as receptor-mediated tumor cell internalization of as-developed radiolabeled particle tracers in B16F10 melanoma bearing mice. These findings highlight the ability of αMSH-PEG-Cy5-C' dots to overcome previous hurdles that prevented clinical translation of peptide and antibody-based melanoma probes and reveal the potential of αMSH-PEG-Cy5-C' dots for melanoma-selective imaging, image-guided surgery, and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Harry S. Truman Veterans' Hospital , Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Melik Z Turker
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Fabio Gallazzi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Harry S. Truman Veterans' Hospital , Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
| | | | - Michael Overholtzer
- BCMB Allied Program, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Wiesner
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Michelle S Bradbury
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute for Cancer Research , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Thomas P Quinn
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri , Columbia, Missouri 65211, United States
- Harry S. Truman Veterans' Hospital , Columbia, Missouri 65201, United States
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19
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Morais M, Zamora-Carreras H, Raposinho PD, Oliveira MC, Pantoja-Uceda D, Correia JDG, Jiménez MA. NMR Insights into the Structure-Function Relationships in the Binding of Melanocortin Analogues to the MC1R Receptor. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071189. [PMID: 28714883 PMCID: PMC6152105 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear and cyclic analogues of the α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) targeting the human melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) are of pharmacological interest for detecting and treating melanoma. The central sequence of α-MSH (His-Phe-Arg-Trp) has been identified as being essential for receptor binding. To deepen current knowledge on the molecular basis for α-MSH bioactivity, we aimed to understand the effect of cycle size on receptor binding. To that end, we synthesised two macrocyclic isomeric α-MSH analogues, c[NH-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys]-Lys-NH2 (CycN-K6) and c[NH-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Lys-Lys]-NH2 (CycN-K7). Their affinities to MC1R receptor were determined by competitive binding assays, and their structures were analysed by 1H and 13C NMR. These results were compared to those of the previously reported analogue c[S-NO2-C6H3-CO-His-DPhe-Arg-Trp-Cys]-Lys-NH2 (CycS-C6). The MC1R binding affinity of the 22-membered macrocyclic peptide CycN-K6 (IC50 = 155 ± 16 nM) is higher than that found for the 25-membered macrocyclic analogue CycN-K7 (IC50 = 495 ± 101 nM), which, in turn, is higher than that observed for the 19-membered cyclic analogue CycS-C6 (IC50 = 1770 ± 480 nM). NMR structural study indicated that macrocycle size leads to changes in the relative dispositions of the side chains, particularly in the packing of the Arg side chain relative to the aromatic rings. In contrast to the other analogues, the 22-membered cycle’s side chains are favorably positioned for receptor interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Morais
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, 4th Floor Lambeth Wing, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, UK.
| | - Héctor Zamora-Carreras
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paula D Raposinho
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - Maria Cristina Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - David Pantoja-Uceda
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
| | - João D G Correia
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 139.7), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal.
| | - M Angeles Jiménez
- Instituto de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Silva F, Fernandes C, Campello MPC, Paulo A. Metal complexes of tridentate tripod ligands in medical imaging and therapy. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Zhang C, Zhang Z, Lin KS, Pan J, Dude I, Hundal-Jabal N, Colpo N, Bénard F. Preclinical Melanoma Imaging with 68Ga-Labeled α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Derivatives Using PET. Theranostics 2017; 7:805-813. [PMID: 28382155 PMCID: PMC5381245 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
It is estimated that melanoma accounted for 76,380 new cases and 10,130 deaths in the United States in 2016. The melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) is highly expressed in the vast majority of melanomas, which makes it an attractive target for molecular imaging and radionuclide therapy. Lactam bridge-cyclized α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (Ac-Nle4-cyclo[Asp5-His-D-Phe7-Arg-Trp-Lys10]-NH2, or Nle-CycMSHhex) analogues have been successfully developed and studied for MC1R-targeted imaging, predominantly with single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The goal of this study was to design and evaluate novel peptides for melanoma imaging with positron emission tomography (PET). We designed and synthesized three peptides, DOTA-PEG2-Nle-CycMSHhex (CCZ01047), DOTA-4-amino-(1-carboxymethyl) piperidine (Pip)-Nle-CycMSHhex (CCZ01048), and DOTA-Pip-Pip-Nle-CycMSHhex (CCZ01056). All three peptides exhibited high binding affinity to MC1R with sub-nanomolar Ki values, rapid internalization into B16F10 melanoma cells and high in vivo stability with more than 93% remaining intact at 15 min post-injection (p.i.) in blood plasma. All three 68Ga-labeled tracers produced high contrast PET images in C57BL/6J mice bearing B16F10 tumors, and their respective tumor uptakes were 8.0 ± 3.0, 12.3 ± 3.3, and 6.5 ± 1.4 %ID/g at 1 h p.i. Minimal normal organ activity was observed at 1 h p.i., except for kidneys (5.1 ± 1.4, 4.7 ± 0.5, and 6.2 ± 2.0 %ID/g, respectively), and thyroid (4.1 ± 0.6 %ID/g for CCZ01047 and 2.4 ± 0.6 %ID/g for CCZ01048). Due to high accumulation at tumor sites and rapid background clearance of 68Ga-CCZ01048, we further evaluated it at 2 h p.i., and a tumor uptake of 21.9 ± 4.6 %ID/g was observed, with background activity further decreased. Exceptional image contrast was also achieved, i.e. tumor-to-blood, tumor-to-muscle, tumor-to-bone and tumor-to-kidney ratios were 96.4 ± 13.9, 210.9 ± 20.9, 39.6 ± 11.9 and 4.0 ± 0.9, respectively. A blocking study was also performed by co-injection of excess amount of non-radioactive Ga-coupled of CCZ01048, which confirmed that the tumor uptake was MC1R mediated. In conclusion, the introduction of a cationic Pip linker to Nle-CycMSHhex, CCZ01048, not only improved tumor uptake, but also generated high tumor-to-normal tissue contrast with PET imaging in a preclinical melanoma model. Therefore, CCZ01048 is a promising candidate for PET imaging of melanoma, and potentially as a theranostic agent for radionuclide therapy of melanoma when labeled with α or β emitters.
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Radiolabeled block copolymer micelles for image-guided drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2016; 515:692-701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Carta D, Salvarese N, Morellato N, Gao F, Sihver W, Pietzsch HJ, Biondi B, Ruzza P, Refosco F, Carpanese D, Rosato A, Bolzati C. Melanoma targeting with [ 99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled α-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analogs: Effects of cyclization on the radiopharmaceutical properties. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:788-801. [PMID: 27694057 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cyclization on the biological profile of a [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled α-melanocyte stimulating hormone peptide analog. A lactam bridge-cyclized H-Cys-Ahx-βAla3-c[Lys4-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Glu10]-Arg11-Pro-Val-NH2 (NAP-NS2) and the corresponding linear H-Cys-Ahx-βAla-Nle-Asp-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-NH2 (NAP-NS1) peptide were synthetized, characterized by ESI-MS spectroscopy and their melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) binding affinity was determined in B16/F10 melanoma cells. The consistent [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled compounds were readily obtained in high specific activity and their stability and biological properties were assessed. As an example, the chemical identity of [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ was confirmed by carrier added experiments supported by radio/UV HPLC analysis combined with ESI(+)-MS. Compared with the linear peptide, cyclization negatively affected the biological properties of NAP-NS2 peptide by reducing its binding affinity for MC1R and by decreasing the overall excretion rate of the corresponding [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-labeled peptide from the body as well as its in vivo stability. [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ was evaluated for its potential as melanoma imaging probe in murine melanoma model. Data from in vitro and in vivo studies on B16/F10 melanoma model of [99mTc(N)(NAP-NS1)(PNP3)]+ clearly evidenced that the radiolabeled linear peptide keeps its biological properties up on the conjugation to the [99mTc(N)(PNP3)]-building block. The progressive increase of the tumor-to-nontarget ratios over the time indicates a quite stable interaction between the radio-complex and the MC1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Carta
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | | | - Nicolò Morellato
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Feng Gao
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Wiebke Sihver
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans Jurgen Pietzsch
- Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Debora Carpanese
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35138 Padova
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Oncologiche e Gastroenterologiche, University of Padova, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35138 Padova,; Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata, 64, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Chang CC, Chang CH, Shen CC, Chen CL, Liu RS, Lin MH, Wang HE. Synthesis and characterization of a novel radioiodinated phenylacetamide and its homolog as theranostic agents for malignant melanoma. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 81:201-9. [PMID: 26517961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Melanin is an attractive target for the diagnosis and treatment of malignant melanoma. This study reports the preparation and biological characterizations of N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-2-(3-(123/131)I-iodo-4- hydroxyphenyl)acetamide and N-(2-(diethylamino)ethyl)-3-(3-(123/131)I-iodo-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamide (123/131)I-IHPA and 123/131I-IHPP) as novel melanin-specific theranostic agents. These two tracers were hydrophilic, exhibited good serum stability and high binding affinity to melanin. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed rapid, high and tenacious uptakes of both 131I-IHPA and 131I-IHPP in melanotic B16F0 cell line and in C57BL/6 mice bearing B16F0 melanoma, but not in amelanonic A375 cell line and tumors. Small-animal SPECT imaging also clearly delineate B16F0 melanoma since 1 h postinjection of 123I-IHPA and 123I-IHPP in tumor-bearing mice. Owing to the favorable biodistribution of 131I-IHPA and 131I-IHPP after intravenous administration, the estimated absorption dose was low in most normal organs and relatively high in melanotic tumor. The melanin-specific binding ability, sustained tumor retention, fast normal tissues clearance and acceptable projected human dosimetry supported that these two tracers are promising theranostic agents for melanin-positive melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chao Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Chang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Isotope Application Division, Institute of Nuclear Energy Research, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Lin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Shyan Liu
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Molecular and Genetic Imaging Core/Taiwan Mouse Clinic, National Comprehensive Mouse Phenotyping and Drug Testing Center, Taipei, Taiwan; National PET/Cyclotron Center and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ell Wang
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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An electrochemical immunosensing method for detecting melanoma cells. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:508-515. [PMID: 25636023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An electrochemical immunosensing method was developed to detect melanoma cells based on the affinity between cell surface melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) antigen and anti-MC1R antibody (MC1R-Ab). The MC1R-Abs were immobilized in amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (n-SiNPs)-polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposite modified on working electrode surface of screen-printed electrode (SPE). Cyclic voltammetry was employed, with the help of redox mediator ([Fe(CN)6](3-)), to measure the change in anodic oxidation peak current arising due to the specific interaction between MC1R antigens and MC1R-Abs when the target melanoma cells are present in the sample. Various factors affecting the sensor performance, such as the amount of MC1R-Abs loaded, incubation time with the target melanoma cells, the presence of interfering non-melanoma cells, were tested and optimized over different expected melanoma cell loads in the range of 50-7500 cells/2.5 mL. The immunosensor is highly sensitive (20 cells/mL), specific, and reproducible, and the antibody-loaded electrode in ready-to-use stage is stable over two weeks. Thus, in conjunction with a microfluidic lab-on-a-chip device our electrochemical immunosensing approach may be suitable for highly sensitive, selective, and rapid detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood samples.
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Lin CH, Al-Suwayeh SA, Hung CF, Chen CC, Fang JY. Camptothecin-Loaded Liposomes with α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Enhance Cytotoxicity Toward and Cellular Uptake by Melanomas: An Application of Nanomedicine on Natural Product. J Tradit Complement Med 2014; 3:102-9. [PMID: 24716164 PMCID: PMC3924967 DOI: 10.4103/2225-4110.110423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we attempted to develop functional liposomes loaded with camptothecin and attached to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) to target melanoma cells. The liposomes were mainly composed of phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and stearylamine, and were characterized by the vesicle size, zeta potential, camptothecin encapsulation efficiency, and release behavior. Results revealed that α-MSH liposomes possessed an average size of approximately 250 nm with a surface charge of 60 mV. Camptothecin was successfully entrapped by the targeted liposomes with an encapsulation percentage of nearly 95%. The liposomes provided sustained and controlled camptothecin release. Non-targeted liposomes with the drug exerted superior cytotoxicity against melanomas compared to the free control. Cell viability was reduced from 48% to 32% compared to conventional liposomes. Peptide ligand conjugation further promoted cytotoxicity to 18% viability, which was a 2.7-fold decrease versus the free control. According to the images of fluorescence microscopy, α-MSH liposomes exhibited greater cell endocytosis than did non-targeted liposomes and the free control. α-MSH liposomes were predominantly internalized in the cytoplasm. These findings demonstrate that α-MSH liposomes could enhance the anti-melanoma activity of camptothecin owing to their targeting ability and controlled drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Hung Lin
- Center for General Education, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Saleh A Al-Suwayeh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chih-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chieh Chen
- Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jia-You Fang
- Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. ; Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kweishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Morais M, Paulo A, Gano L, Santos I, Correia JD. Target-specific Tc(CO)3-complexes for in vivo imaging. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Morais M, Oliveira BL, Correia JDG, Oliveira MC, Jiménez MA, Santos I, Raposinho PD. Influence of the Bifunctional Chelator on the Pharmacokinetic Properties of 99mTc(CO)3-Labeled Cyclic α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Analog. J Med Chem 2013; 56:1961-73. [DOI: 10.1021/jm301647t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Morais
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Bruno L. Oliveira
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
| | - João D. G. Correia
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Oliveira
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Maria Angeles Jiménez
- Instituto de Química
Física Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
(CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Paula D. Raposinho
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, IST/ITN, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953,
Sacavém, Portugal
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Martin ME, O'Dorisio MS, Leverich WM, Kloepping KC, Schultz MK, Schultz MK. "Click"-cyclized (68)Ga-labeled peptides for molecular imaging and therapy: synthesis and preliminary in vitro and in vivo evaluation in a melanoma model system. Recent Results Cancer Res 2013; 194:149-75. [PMID: 22918759 PMCID: PMC3799893 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-27994-2_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cyclization techniques are used often to impart higher in vivo stability and binding affinity to peptide targeting vectors for molecular imaging and therapy. The two most often used techniques to impart these qualities are lactam bridge construction and disulfide bond formation. While these techniques have been demonstrated to be effective, orthogonal protection/deprotection steps can limit achievable product yields. In the work described in this chapter, new α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) peptide analogs were synthesized and cyclized by copper-catalyzed terminal azide-alkyne cycloaddition "click" chemistry techniques. The α-MSH peptide and its cognate receptor (melanocortin receptor subtype 1, MC1R) represent a well-characterized model system to examine the effect of the triazole linkage for peptide cyclization on receptor binding in vitro and in vivo. Four new DOTA-conjugated α-MSH analogs were cyclized and evaluated by in vitro competitive binding assays, serum stability testing, and in vivo imaging by positron emission tomography (PET) of tumor-bearing mice. These new DOTA-conjugated click-cyclized analogs exhibited selective high binding affinity (<2 nM) for MC1R on melanoma cells in vitro, high stability in human serum, and produced high-contrast PET/CT images of tumor xenografts. (68)Ga-labeled DOTA bioconjugates displayed rapid pharmacokinetics with receptor-mediated tumor accumulation of up to 16 ± 5% ID/g. The results indicate that the triazole ring is an effective bioisosteric replacement for the standard lactam bridge assemblage for peptide cyclization. Radiolabeling results confirm that Cu catalyst is sufficiently removed prior to DOTA chelator addition to enable insertion of radio metals or stable metals for molecular imaging and therapy. Thus, these click-chemistry-cyclized variants show promise as agents for melanocortin receptor-targeted imaging and radionuclide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly E. Martin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa
| | - M. Sue O'Dorisio
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa,Corresponding Author: Michael K. Schultz PhD, Departments of Radiology and Radiation Oncology (Free Radical Radiation Biology Program), Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, ML B180, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242. Tel: +1 (319) 356-3380; Fax: +1 (319) 335-8668;
| | - Whitney M. Leverich
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa
| | - Kyle C. Kloepping
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa,Department of Radiation Oncology (Free Radical Radiation Biology Program), Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa
| | - Michael K. Schultz
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa,Department of Radiation Oncology (Free Radical Radiation Biology Program), Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa,Corresponding Author: Michael K. Schultz PhD, Departments of Radiology and Radiation Oncology (Free Radical Radiation Biology Program), Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, ML B180, 500 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242. Tel: +1 (319) 356-3380; Fax: +1 (319) 335-8668;
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Jiang H, Kasten BB, Liu H, Qi S, Liu Y, Tian M, Barnes CL, Zhang H, Cheng Z, Benny PD. Novel, cysteine-modified chelation strategy for the incorporation of [M(I)(CO)(3)](+) (M = Re, (99m)Tc) in an α-MSH peptide. Bioconjug Chem 2012; 23:2300-12. [PMID: 23110503 DOI: 10.1021/bc300509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Engineering peptide-based targeting agents with residues for site-specific and stable complexation of radionuclides is a highly desirable strategy for producing diagnostic and therapeutic agents for cancer and other diseases. In this report, a model N-S-N(Py) ligand (3) and a cysteine-derived α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) peptide (6) were used as novel demonstrations of a widely applicable chelation strategy for incorporation of the [M(I)(CO)(3)](+) (M = Re, (99m)Tc) core into peptide-based molecules for radiopharmaceutical applications. The structural details of the core ligand-metal complexes as model systems were demonstrated by full chemical characterization of fac-[Re(I)(CO)(3)(N,S,N(Py)-3)](+) (4) and comparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis between 4 and [(99m)Tc(I)(CO)(3)(N,S,N(Py)-3)](+) (4a). The α-MSH analogue bearing the N-S-N(Py) chelate on a modified cysteine residue (6) was generated and complexed with [M(I)(CO)(3)](+) to confirm the chelation strategy's utility when applied in a peptide-based targeting agent. Characterization of the Re(I)(CO)(3)-6 peptide conjugate (7) confirmed the efficient incorporation of the metal center, and the (99m)Tc(I)(CO)(3)-6 analogue (7a) was explored as a potential single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) compound for imaging the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) in melanoma. Peptide 7a showed excellent radiolabeling yields and in vitro stability during amino acid challenge and serum stability assays. In vitro B16F10 melanoma cell uptake of 7a reached a modest value of 2.3 ± 0.08% of applied activity at 2 h at 37 °C, while this uptake was significantly reduced by coincubation with a nonlabeled α-MSH analogue, NAPamide (3.2 μM) (P < 0.05). In vivo SPECT/X-ray computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging and biodistribution of 7a were evaluated in a B16F10 melanoma xenografted mouse model. SPECT/CT imaging clearly visualized the tumor at 1 h post injection (p.i.) with high tumor-to-background contrast. Blocking studies with coinjected NAPamide (10 mg per kg of mouse body weight) confirmed the in vivo specificity of 7a for MC1R-positive tumors. Biodistribution results with 7a yielded a moderate tumor uptake of 1.20 ± 0.09 percentage of the injected radioactive dose per gram of tissue (% ID/g) at 1 h p.i. Relatively high uptake of 7a was also seen in the kidneys and liver at 1 h p.i. (6.55 ± 0.36% ID/g and 4.44 ± 0.17% ID/g, respectively), although reduced kidney uptake was seen at 4 h p.i. (3.20 ± 0.48% ID/g). These results demonstrate the utility of the novel [M(I)(CO)(3)](+) chelation strategy when applied in a targeting peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang University, Center of Excellence in Medical Molecular Imaging of Zhejiang State, Hangzhou, 310009, China
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31
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Morais M, Raposinho PD, Oliveira MC, Correia JDG, Santos I. Evaluation of novel 99mTc(I)-labeled homobivalent α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone analogs for melanocortin-1 receptor targeting. J Biol Inorg Chem 2012; 17:491-505. [PMID: 22286955 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-011-0871-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Aiming to apply the multivalency concept to melanoma imaging, we have assessed the in vivo melanocortin type 1 receptor (MC1R)-targeting properties of (99m)Tc(I)-labeled homobivalent peptide conjugates which contain copies of the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) analog [Ac-Nle(4), Asp(5), D-Phe(7), Lys(11)]α-MSH4-11 separated by linkers of different length (L(2) nine atoms and L(3) 14 atoms). The MC1R-binding affinity of L(2) and L(3) is significantly higher than that of the monovalent conjugate L(1). Metallation of these conjugates yielded the complexes fac-[M(CO)(3)(k(3)-L)](+) (M is (99m)Tc/Re; 1/1a, L is L(1); 2/2a, L is L(2); 3/3a, L is L(3)), with IC(50) values in the subnanomolar and nanomolar range. The MC1R-mediated internalization of 2 and 3 is higher than that of 1 in B16F1 melanoma cells. Biodistribution studies in melanoma-bearing mice have shown low nonspecific accumulation with a tumor uptake that correlates with IC(50) values. However, no correlation between tumor uptake and valency was found. Nevertheless, 2 displayed the highest tumor retention, and the best tumor to nontarget organ ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Morais
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal
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32
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Morais M, Raposinho PD, Oliveira MC, Pantoja-Uceda D, Jiménez MA, Santos I, Correia JDG. NMR Structural Analysis of MC1R-Targeted Rhenium(I) Metallopeptides and Biological Evaluation of 99mTc(I) Congeners. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300502n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Morais
- Unidade de Ciências Quı́micas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Paula D. Raposinho
- Unidade de Ciências Quı́micas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - Maria Cristina Oliveira
- Unidade de Ciências Quı́micas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - David Pantoja-Uceda
- Instituto de Quı́mica Fı́sica Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Angeles Jiménez
- Instituto de Quı́mica Fı́sica Rocasolano, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências Quı́micas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
| | - João D. G. Correia
- Unidade de Ciências Quı́micas
e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Instituto Superior
Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953, Sacavém, Portugal
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Lim JC, Hong YD, Kim JJ, Choi SM, Baek HS, Choi SJ. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel (177)Lu-DOTA-[Gly(3)-cyclized(Dap(4), (d)-Phe(7), Asp(10))-Arg(11)]α-MSH(3-13) analogue for melanocortin-1 receptor-positive tumor targeting. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2012; 27:464-72. [PMID: 22831553 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2011.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) analogue 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) coupled [Gly(3)-cyclized(Dap(4), (d)-Phe(7), Asp(10))-Arg(11)]α-MSH(3-13) (DOTA-GMSH) for melanocortin-1 receptor (MC-1R) targeting was newly synthesized, radiolabeled with (177)Lu, and in vitro and in vivo characterized. (177)Lu-labeled peptides were prepared with a high radiolabeling yield (>98%), and its Log p value was -2.89. No degradation was observed not only by serum incubation at 37°C for 7 days but also by an HPLC analysis of radioactive metabolites in urine. A cell binding assay revealed that an inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC(50)) of the peptide was 3.80 nM. The tumor-to-blood ratio, which was 14.27 at 2 hours p.i., was increased to 56.37 at 24 hours p.i., which means that the radiolabeled peptide was highly accumulated in a tumor and was rapidly cleared from the blood pool. We, therefore, conclude that (177)Lu-DOTA-GMSH has promising characteristics for application in nuclear medicine, namely for the diagnosis of MC-1R over-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Cheong Lim
- Radioisotope Research Division, Department of Research Reactor Utilization, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Baumhover NJ, Martin ME, Parameswarappa SG, Kloepping KC, O'Dorisio MS, Pigge FC, Schultz MK. Improved synthesis and biological evaluation of chelator-modified α-MSH analogs prepared by copper-free click chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:5757-61. [PMID: 21873053 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Revised: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Radionuclide chelators (DOTA, NOTA) functionalized with a monofluorocyclooctyne group were prepared. These materials reacted rapidly and in high yield with a fully deprotected azide-modified peptide via Cu-free click chemistry under mild reaction conditions (aqueous solution, room temperature). The resulting bioconjugates bind with high affinity and specificity to their cell-surface receptor targets in vitro and appear stable to degradation in mouse serum over 3h of incubation at 37°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Baumhover
- Department of Radiology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 500 Newton Road, ML B180, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Correia JDG, Paulo A, Raposinho PD, Santos I. Radiometallated peptides for molecular imaging and targeted therapy. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:6144-67. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt01599g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Oliveira BL, Raposinho PD, Mendes F, Figueira F, Santos I, Ferreira A, Cordeiro C, Freire AP, Correia JDG. Re and Tc Tricarbonyl Complexes: From the Suppression of NO Biosynthesis in Macrophages to in Vivo Targeting of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:2168-72. [DOI: 10.1021/bc100291e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno L. Oliveira
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paula D. Raposinho
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Mendes
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Flávio Figueira
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santos
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Ferreira
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana P. Freire
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João D. G. Correia
- Unidade de Ciências Químicas e Radiofarmacêuticas, ITN, Estrada Nacional 10, 2686-953 Sacavém, Portugal, and Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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