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Núñez-Villanueva D, Plata-Ruiz A, Romero-Muñiz I, Martín-Pérez I, Infantes L, González-Muñiz R, Martín-Martínez M. β-Turn Induction by a Diastereopure Azepane-Derived Quaternary Amino Acid. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14688-14696. [PMID: 37774108 PMCID: PMC10594656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
β-Turns are one of the most common secondary structures found in proteins. In the interest of developing novel β-turn inducers, a diastereopure azepane-derived quaternary amino acid has been incorporated into a library of simplified tetrapeptide models in order to assess the effect of the azepane position and peptide sequence on the stabilization of β-turns. The conformational analysis of these peptides by molecular modeling, NMR spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography showed that this azepane amino acid is an effective β-turn inducer when incorporated at the i + 1 position. Moreover, the analysis of the supramolecular self-assembly of one of the β-turn-containing peptide models in the solid state reveals that it forms a supramolecular helical arrangement while maintaining the β-turn structure. The results here presented provide the basis for the use of this azepane quaternary amino acid as a strong β-turn inducer in the search for novel peptide-based bioactive molecules, catalysts, and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adrián Plata-Ruiz
- Instituto
de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Romero-Muñiz
- Instituto
de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Química Orgánica, Francisco Tomás y Valiente,
7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martín-Pérez
- Instituto
de Química Médica (IQM-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Infantes
- Instituto
de Química Física Rocasolano (IQFR-CSIC), Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
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2
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Morbiato L, Quaggia C, Menilli L, Dalla Torre C, Barbon A, De Zotti M. Synthesis, Conformational Analysis and Antitumor Activity of the Naturally Occurring Antimicrobial Medium-Length Peptaibol Pentadecaibin and Spin-Labeled Analogs Thereof. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13396. [PMID: 37686199 PMCID: PMC10487733 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptaibols are proteolysis-resistant, membrane-active peptides. Their remarkably stable helical 3D-structures are key for their bioactivity. They can insert themselves into the lipid bilayer as barrel staves, or lay on its surface like carpets, depending on both their length and the thickness of the lipid bilayer. Medium-length peptaibols are of particular interest for studying the peptide-membrane interaction because their length allows them to adopt either orientation as a function of the membrane thickness, which, in turn, might even result in an enhanced selectivity. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) is the election technique used to this aim, but it requires the synthesis of spin-labeled medium-length peptaibols, which, in turn, is hampered by the poor reactivity of the Cα-tetrasubstituted residues featured in their sequences. After several years of trial and error, we are now able to give state-of-the-art advice for a successful synthesis of nitroxide-containing peptaibols, avoiding deleted sequences, side reactions and difficult purification steps. Herein, we describe our strategy and itsapplication to the synthesis of spin-labeled analogs of the recently discovered, natural, medium-length peptaibol pentadecaibin. We studied the antitumor activity of pentadecaibin and its analogs, finding potent cytotoxicity against human triple-negative breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Finally, our analysis of the peptide conformational preferences and membrane interaction proved that pentadecaibinspin-labeling does not alter the biological features of the native sequence and is suitable for further EPR studies. The nitroxide-containing pentadecaibins, and their synthetic strategy described herein, will help to shed light on the mechanism of the peptide-membrane interaction of medium-length peptaibols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Morbiato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (C.Q.); (C.D.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Celeste Quaggia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (C.Q.); (C.D.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Luca Menilli
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Chiara Dalla Torre
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (C.Q.); (C.D.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Barbon
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (C.Q.); (C.D.T.); (A.B.)
| | - Marta De Zotti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.M.); (C.Q.); (C.D.T.); (A.B.)
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3
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Zurlo E, Gorroño Bikandi I, Meeuwenoord NJ, Filippov DV, Huber M. Tracking amyloid oligomerization with monomer resolution using a 13-amino acid peptide with a backbone-fixed spin label. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:25187-25195. [PMID: 31696167 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp01060b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid oligomers are suspected as toxic agents in neurodegenerative disease, and are transient and often heterogeneous, making them difficult to detect. Here we show an approach to track the development of amyloid oligomers in situ by room temperature, continuous wave (cw) 9 and 95 GHz EPR. Three amyloid peptides with the 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-N-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid (TOAC) spin label were synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis: T0EZ (TKVKVLGDVIEVGG) with TOAC (T) at the N-terminus, T5EZ with TOAC in the middle (KVKVTGDVIEVG) and T12EZ with TOAC at the C-terminus (KVKVLGDVIEVTG). These sequences are derived from the K11V (KVKVLGDVIEV) amyloid peptide, which self-aggregates to oligomers with a β-sheet configuration (A. Laganowsky, et al., Science, 2012, 335, 1228-1231). To monitor oligomerization, the rotational correlation time (τr) is measured by cw-EPR. For the backbone-fixed TOAC label that is devoid of local mobility τr should reflect the rotation and thereby the size of the peptide, resp. oligomer. For T5EZ a good match between the measured τr and the size of the peptide is obtained, showing the validity of the approach. One of the three peptides (T0EZ) aggregates (circular dichroism), whereas the other two do not. Since also the respective MTSL (S-(1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl methanesulfonothioate) labelled peptides fail to aggregate, molecular crowding due to the label, rather than the helix-inducing properties of TOAC, seems to be responsible. Following in situ oligomer formation of T0EZ by the change in rotational correlation time, two oligomers are observed, a 5-6 mer and a 15-18 mer. The EPR approach, particularly 95 GHz EPR, enables following oligomerization of one monomer at a time, suggesting that the cw-EPR approach presented is a novel tool to follow amyloid oligomerization with high resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zurlo
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - I Gorroño Bikandi
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - N J Meeuwenoord
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratoria, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D V Filippov
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratoria, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Huber
- Department of Physics, Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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4
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Gerolin M, Zerbetto M, Moretto A, Formaggio F, Toniolo C, van Son M, Shabestari MH, Huber M, Calligari P, Polimeno A. Integrated Computational Approach to the Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Characterization of Rigid 3 10-Helical Peptides with TOAC Nitroxide Spin Labels. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:4379-4387. [PMID: 28422504 PMCID: PMC5628910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We address the interpretation, via
an integrated computational
approach, of the experimental continuous-wave electron paramagnetic
resonance (cw-EPR) spectra of a complete set of conformationally highly
restricted, stable 310-helical peptides from hexa- to nonamers,
each bis-labeled with nitroxide radical-containing TOAC (4-amino-1-oxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-4-carboxylic
acid) residues. The usefulness of TOAC for this type of analysis has
been shown already to be due to its cyclic piperidine side chain,
which is rigidly connected to the peptide backbone α-carbon.
The TOAC α-amino acids are separated by two, three, four, and
five intervening residues. This set of compounds has allowed us to
modulate both the radical···radical distance and the
relative orientation parameters. To further validate our conclusion,
a comparative analysis has been carried out on three singly TOAC-labeled
peptides of similar main-chain length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gerolin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, École Normale Supérieure, UPMC University of Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratory of Biomolecules , 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mirco Zerbetto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Fernando Formaggio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Toniolo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Martin van Son
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University , 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martina Huber
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University , 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Calligari
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Antonino Polimeno
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova , 35131 Padova, Italy
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5
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Teixeira LGD, Malavolta L, Bersanetti PA, Schreier S, Carmona AK, Nakaie CR. Paramagnetic bradykinin analogues as substrates for angiotensin I-converting enzyme: Pharmacological and conformation studies. Bioorg Chem 2016; 69:159-166. [PMID: 27837711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study uses EPR, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy to examine the structure of bradykinin (BK) analogues attaching the paramagnetic amino acid-type Toac (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid) at positions 0, 3, 7, and 9. The data were correlated with the potencies in muscle contractile experiments and the substrate properties towards the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). A study of the biological activities in guinea pig ileum and rat uterus indicated that only Toac0-BK partially maintained its native biological potency among the tested peptides. This and its counterpart, Toac3-BK, maintained the ability to act as ACE substrates. These results indicate that peptides bearing Toac probe far from the ACE cleavage sites were more susceptible to hydrolysis by ACE. The results also emphasize the existence of a finer control for BK-receptor interaction than for BK binding at the catalytic site of this metallodipetidase. The kinetic kcat/Km values decreased from 202.7 to 38.9μM-1min-1 for BK and Toac3-BK, respectively. EPR, CD, and fluorescence experiments reveal a direct relationship between the structure and activity of these paramagnetic peptides. In contrast to the turn-folded structures of the Toac-internally labeled peptides, more extended conformations were displayed by N- or C-terminally Toac-labeled analogues. Lastly, this work supports the feasibility of monitoring the progress of the ACE-hydrolytic process of Toac-attached peptides by examining time-dependent EPR spectral variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gustavo Deus Teixeira
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, 04044-020 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Malavolta
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo, School of Medical Sciences, 01221-020 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Shirley Schreier
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05513-970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana K Carmona
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, 04044-020 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Clovis R Nakaie
- Department of Biophysics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, 04044-020 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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6
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Beasley KN, Sutch BT, Hatmal MM, Langen R, Qin PZ, Haworth IS. Computer Modeling of Spin Labels: NASNOX, PRONOX, and ALLNOX. Methods Enzymol 2015; 563:569-93. [PMID: 26478499 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of distances between spin labels using electron paramagnetic resonance with the double electron-electron resonance (DEER) technique is an important method for evaluation of biomolecular structures. Computation of interlabel distances is of value for experimental planning, validation of known structures using DEER-measured distances, and determination of theoretical data for comparison with experiment. This requires steps of building labels at two defined sites on proteins, DNA or RNA; calculation of allowable label conformers based on rotation around torsional angles; computation of pairwise interlabel distances on a per conformer basis; and calculation of an average distance between the two label ensembles. We have described and validated two programs for this purpose: NASNOX, which permits computation of distances between R5 labels on DNA or RNA; and PRONOX, which similarly computes distances between R1 labels on proteins. However, these programs are limited to a specific single label and single target types. Therefore, we have developed a program, which we refer to as ALLNOX (Addition of Labels and Linkers), which permits addition of any label to any site on any target. The main principle in the program is to break the molecular system into a "label," a "linker," and a "target." The user can upload a "label" with any chemistry, define a "linker" based on a SMILES-like string, and then define the "target" site. The flexibility of ALLNOX facilitates theoretical evaluation of labels prior to synthesis and accommodates evaluation of experimental data in biochemical complexes containing multiple molecular types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen N Beasley
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brian T Sutch
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ma'mon M Hatmal
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ralf Langen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peter Z Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ian S Haworth
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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