1
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Chen W, Zhang T, Wang PK, Liao CC, Li Y, Wan Y. Partition coefficient screening - An effective approach for finding the best conditions for byproduct removal as demonstrated by a bispecific antibody purification case. Protein Expr Purif 2025; 225:106583. [PMID: 39168394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2024.106583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
In recombinant protein purification, differences in isoelectric point (pI)/surface charge and hydrophobicity between the product and byproducts generally form the basis for separation. For bispecific antibodies (bsAbs), in many cases the physicochemical difference between product and byproducts is subtle, making byproduct removal considerably challenging. In a previous report, with a bsAb case study, we showed that partition coefficient (Kp) screening for the product and byproducts under various conditions facilitated finding conditions under which effective separation of two difficult-to-remove byproducts was achieved by anion exchange (AEX) chromatography. In the current work, as a follow-up study, we demonstrated that the same approach enabled identification of conditions allowing equally good byproduct removal by mixed-mode chromatography with remarkably improved yield. Results from the current and previous studies proved that separation factor determination based on Kp screening for product and byproduct is an effective approach for finding conditions enabling efficient and maximum byproduct removal, especially in challenging cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Downstream Process Development (DSPD), WuXi Biologics, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Downstream Process Development (DSPD), WuXi Biologics, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Peter K Wang
- Elpiscience Biopharma, Ltd., Building 3, 998 Halei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Chien-Chun Liao
- Elpiscience Biopharma, Ltd., Building 3, 998 Halei Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yifeng Li
- Downstream Process Development (DSPD), WuXi Biologics, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China.
| | - Yan Wan
- Downstream Process Development (DSPD), WuXi Biologics, 288 Fute Zhong Road, Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China.
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2
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Jang D, Altern SH, Cramer SM. In silico mediated workflow for rapid development of downstream processing: Orthogonal product-related impurity removal for a Fc-containing therapeutic. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1735:465281. [PMID: 39243589 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic formats derived from the monoclonal antibody structure have been gaining significant traction in the biopharmaceutical market. Being structurally similar to mAbs, most Fc-containing therapeutics exhibit product-related impurities in the form of aggregates, charge variants, fragments, and glycoforms, which are inherently challenging to remove. In this work, we developed a workflow that employed rapid resin screening in conjunction with an in silico tool to identify and rank orthogonally selective processes for the removal of product-related impurities from a Fc-containing therapeutic product. Linear salt gradient screens were performed at various pH conditions on a set of ion-exchange, multimodal ion-exchange, and hydrophobic interaction resins. Select fractions from the screening experiments were analyzed by three different analytical techniques to characterize aggregates, charge variants, fragments, and glycoforms. The retention database generated by the resin screens and subsequent impurity characterization were then processed by an in silico tool that generated and ranked all possible two-step resin sequences for the removal of product-related impurities. A highly-ranked process was then evaluated and refined at the bench-scale to develop a completely flowthrough two-step polishing process which resulted in complete removal of the Man5 glycoform and aggregate impurities with a 73% overall yield. The successful implementation of the in silico mediated workflow suggests the possibility of a platformable workflow that could facilitate polishing process development for a wide variety of mAb-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyoun Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States
| | - Scott H Altern
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States.
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3
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Denbaum E, Altern SH, Vecchiarello N, Cramer SM. A batch screening technique for the calculation of chromatographic separability. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1732:465170. [PMID: 39098099 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
This paper employs a high-throughput parallel batch (microtiter plate) adsorption screen with sequential salt step increases to rapidly generate protein elution profiles for multiple resins at different pHs using a protein library. The chromatographic set used in this work includes single mode, multimodal anion-exchange (MMA), and multimodal cation-exchange (MMC) resins. The protein library consists of proteins with isoelectric points ranging from 5.1 to 11.4 with varying hydrophobicities as determined by their retention on hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The batch sequential experiments are carried out using one protein at a time with a wide set of resins at multiple pH conditions, thus enabling simple microtiter plate detection. A mathematical formulation is then used to determine the first moment of the distributions from each chromatogram (sequential step elution) generated in the parallel batch experiments. Batch data first moments (expressed in salt concentration) are then compared to results obtained from column linear salt gradient elution, and the techniques are shown to be consistent. In addition, first moment data are used to calculate one-resin separability scores, which are a measure of a resin's ability, at a specified pH, to separate the entire set of proteins in the library from one another. Again, the results from the batch and column experiments are shown to be comparable. The first moment data sets were then employed to calculate the two-resin separability scores, which are a measure of the ability of two resins to synergistically separate the entire set of proteins in the library. Importantly, these results based on the two-resin separability performances derived from the batch and column experiments were again shown to be consistent. This approach for rapidly screening large numbers of chromatographic resins and mobile phase conditions for their elution behavior may prove useful for enabling the rapid discovery of new chromatographic ligands and resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Denbaum
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States
| | - Scott H Altern
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States
| | - Nicholas Vecchiarello
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22903, United States
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, 12180, United States.
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4
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Wang Y, Bhaskar U, Chennamsetty N, Noyes S, Guo J, Song Y, Lewandowski A, Ghose S. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography in continuous flow-through mode for product-related variant removal. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1736:465356. [PMID: 39276416 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Product-related impurities are challenging to remove during monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification process due to molecular similarity. Frontal chromatography on hydrophobic interaction resins has demonstrated its capability to effectively remove such impurities. However, process improvements geared towards purity level comes as a trade-off with the yield loss. In this work, we present a hydrophobic interaction chromatography process using multicolumn continuous chromatography (MCC) concept and frontal analysis to remove a high prevalence product related impurity. This design uses a two-column continuous system where the two columns are directly connected during product chase step to capture product wash loss without any in-process adjustment. This polish MCC operation resulted in a 10 % increase in yield while maintaining 99 % purity, despite the presence of 20 % product-related impurities in the feed material. One challenge associated with polish MCC design is that the accumulation of the impurities renders a non-steady state recycling. To surmount this issue and ensure a robust process, a mechanistic model was developed and validated to predict multicomponent breakthrough. This model was capable to predict multiple cycle behavior and accounts for increased impurity concentration. Assisted by the model, the optimized operation parameters and conditions can be determined to account for variation in product load quality. The simulated results demonstrate an effective doubling of productivity compared to conventional batch chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Wang
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA.
| | - Ujjwal Bhaskar
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Naresh Chennamsetty
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Steven Noyes
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Jing Guo
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Yuanli Song
- Genomic Medicine Unit CMC Purification Process Development, Sanofi, Waltham, MA, USA
| | - Angela Lewandowski
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
| | - Sanchayita Ghose
- Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, 38 Jackson Road, Devens, MA, USA
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5
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Sharma P, Robbel L, Schmitt M, Dikicioglu D, Bracewell DG. Integrated micro-scale protein a chromatography and Low pH viral inactivation unit operations on an automated platform. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3476. [PMID: 38687144 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
High throughput process development (HTPD) is established for time- and resource- efficient chromatographic process development. However, integration with non-chromatographic operations within a monoclonal antibody (mAb) purification train is less developed. An area of importance is the development of low pH viral inactivation (VI) that follows protein A chromatography. However, the lack of pH measurement devices at the micro-scale represents a barrier to implementation, which prevents integration with the surrounding unit operations, limiting overall process knowledge. This study is based upon the design and testing of a HTPD platform for integration of the protein A and low pH VI operations. This was achieved by using a design and simulation software before execution on an automated liquid handler. The operations were successfully translated to the micro-scale, as assessed by analysis of recoveries and molecular weight content. The integrated platform was then used as a tool to assess the effect of pH on HMWC during low pH hold. The laboratory-scale and micro-scale elution pools showed comparable HMWC across the pH range 3.2-3.7. The investigative power of the platform is highlighted by evaluating the resources required to conduct a hypothetical experiment. This results in lower resource demands and increased labor efficiency relative to the laboratory-scale. For example, the experiment can be conducted in 7 h, compared to 105 h, translating to labor hours, 3 h and 28 h for the micro-scale and laboratory-scale, respectively. This presents the opportunity for further integration beyond chromatographic operations within the purification sequence, to establish a fit-to-platform assessment tool for mAb process development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paras Sharma
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lars Robbel
- Biopharmaceutical Product Development, CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Michael Schmitt
- Biopharmaceutical Product Development, CSL Behring Innovation GmbH, Marburg, Germany
| | - Duygu Dikicioglu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel G Bracewell
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, London, UK
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6
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Lorek JK, Karkov HS, Matthiesen F, Dainiak M. High throughput screening for rapid and reliable prediction of monovalent antibody binding behavior in flowthrough mode. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:2332-2346. [PMID: 37926999 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Flowthrough (FT) anion exchange (AEX) chromatography is a widely used polishing step for the purification of monoclonal antibody (mAb) formats. To accelerate downstream process development, high throughput screening (HTS) tools have proven useful. In this study, the binding behavior of six monovalent mAbs (mvAbs) was investigated by HTS in batch binding mode on different AEX and mixed-mode resins at process-relevant pH and NaCl concentrations. The HTS entailed the evaluation of mvAb partition coefficients (Kp) and visualization of results in surface-response models. Interestingly, the HTS data grouped the mvAbs into either a strong-binding group or a weak-binding/FT group independent of theoretical Isoelectric point. Mapping the charged and hydrophobic patches by in silico protein surface property analyses revealed that the distribution of patches play a major role in predicting FT behavior. Importantly, the conditions identified by HTS were successfully verified by 1 mL on-column experiments. Finally, employing the optimal FT conditions (7-9 mS/cm and pH 7.0) at a mini-pilot scale (CV = 259 mL) resulted in 99% yield and a 21-23-fold reduction of host cell protein to <100 ppm, depending on the varying host cell protein (HCP) levels in the load. This work opens the possibility of using HTS in FT mode to accelerate downstream process development for mvAb candidates in early research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Finn Matthiesen
- Purification Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Maria Dainiak
- Purification Technologies, Novo Nordisk A/S, Maaloev, Denmark
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7
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Altern SH, Lyall JY, Welsh JP, Burgess S, Kumar V, Williams C, Lenhoff AM, Cramer SM. High-throughput in silico workflow for optimization and characterization of multimodal chromatographic processes. Biotechnol Prog 2024:e3483. [PMID: 38856182 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
While high-throughput (HT) experimentation and mechanistic modeling have long been employed in chromatographic process development, it remains unclear how these techniques should be used in concert within development workflows. In this work, a process development workflow based on HT experiments and mechanistic modeling was constructed. The integration of HT and modeling approaches offers improved workflow efficiency and speed. This high-throughput in silico (HT-IS) workflow was employed to develop a Capto MMC polishing step for mAb aggregate removal. High-throughput batch isotherm data was first generated over a range of mobile phase conditions and a suite of analytics were employed. Parameters for the extended steric mass action (SMA) isotherm were regressed for the multicomponent system. Model validation was performed using the extended SMA isotherm in concert with the general rate model of chromatography using the CADET modeling software. Here, step elution profiles were predicted for eight RoboColumn runs across a range of ionic strength, pH, and load density. Optimized processes were generated through minimization of a complex objective function based on key process metrics. Processes were evaluated at lab-scale using two feedstocks, differing in composition. The results confirmed that both processes obtained high monomer yield (>85%) and removed∼ 50 % $$ \sim 50\% $$ of aggregate species. Column simulations were then carried out to determine sensitivity to a wide range of process inputs. Elution buffer pH was found to be the most critical process parameter, followed by resin ionic capacity. Overall, this study demonstrated the utility of the HT-IS workflow for rapid process development and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott H Altern
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Y Lyall
- Purification Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - John P Welsh
- Process Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
- Rivanna Bioprocess Solutions, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Sean Burgess
- Purification Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Vijesh Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Chris Williams
- Purification Development, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Abraham M Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Steven M Cramer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
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8
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Nolan D, Chin TR, Eamsureya M, Oppenheim S, Paley O, Alves C, Parks G. Modeling the behavior of monoclonal antibodies on hydrophobic interaction chromatography resins. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:25. [PMID: 38647931 PMCID: PMC10991917 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00738-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) require a high level of purity for regulatory approval and safe administration. High-molecular weight (HMW) species are a common impurity associated with mAb therapies. Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) resins are often used to remove these HMW impurities. Determination of a suitable HIC resin can be a time and resource-intensive process. In this study, we modeled the chromatographic behavior of seven mAbs across 13 HIC resins using measurements of surface hydrophobicity, surface charge, and thermal stability for mAbs, and hydrophobicity and zeta-potential for HIC resins with high fit quality (adjusted R2 > 0.80). We identified zeta-potential as a novel key modeling parameter. When using these models to select a HIC resin for HMW clearance of a test mAb, we were able to achieve 60% HMW clearance and 89% recovery. These models can be used to expedite the downstream process development for mAbs in an industry setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Nolan
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals America Inc, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA.
| | - Thomas R Chin
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals America Inc, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Mick Eamsureya
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories Professional Scientific Services, LLC, Lancaster, PA, 17601, USA
| | | | - Olga Paley
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals America Inc, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - Christina Alves
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals America Inc, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
| | - George Parks
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals America Inc, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA
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9
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Chinn M, Doninger K, Al-Khaledy R, Zhang E, Kim H, Werz S, Schelter F. A comprehensive assessment of the applicability of RoboColumn as a chromatography scale-down model for use in biopharmaceutical process validation. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1710:464391. [PMID: 37769427 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput process development has become a standard practice in the biopharmaceutical industry to enable time, cost, and material savings. In downstream biopharmaceutical process development, miniaturized, parallelized chromatography columns, known as RoboColumn, have become the standard for process development, as RoboColumn have shown generally comparable performance to bench and manufacturing scale columns. However, RoboColumn have yet to be widely implemented in process validation and characterization, where many multifactor experiments are typically executed, and there is a strong value proposition for performing high-throughput experiments. The hesitancy to utilize RoboColumn in process validation arises from scale differences that result in exacerbated peak broadening at RoboColumn scale relative to traditional bench or manufacturing scales. Thus, to support reliable application of RoboColumn in process validation, the present study provides a comprehensive investigation to understand how scale differences affect chromatographic performance by comparing RoboColumn, bench, and manufacturing scales using seven different production processes covering three different antibody formats, five different resin types, and three chromatographic modes of operation. RoboColumn chromatographic performance was compared at target and off-target conditions to emulate scale-down model qualification and multifactor studies, respectively. RoboColumn demonstrated good comparability at both target and off-target process conditions. To further demonstrate an understanding of comparability, a study was performed to show a rare case in which product quality offsets may occur as a result RoboColumn scale differences. By showing scale comparability and an understanding of potential offsets, this work demonstrates that RoboColumn can be used in any stage of process development, including process validation and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hakyoung Kim
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Silke Werz
- Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
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10
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Rezvani K, Smith A, Javed J, Keller WR, Stewart KD, Kim L, Newell KJ. Demonstration of continuous gradient elution functionality with automated liquid handling systems for high-throughput purification process development. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1687:463658. [PMID: 36450201 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Various high-throughput systems and strategies are employed by the biopharmaceutical industry for early to late-stage process development for biologics manufacturing. The associated increases to experiment productivity and reduction in material consumption makes high throughput tools integral for bioprocess development. While these high-throughput systems have been successfully leveraged to generate high quality data representative of manufacturing scale processes, their data interpretation often requires complex data transformation and time-intensive system characterization. With respect to high throughput purification development, RoboColumns by Repligen operated on Tecan automated liquid handling systems offer superior performance scalability, but lack an optimized liquid delivery system that is representative of preparative chromatography. Particularly, stock Tecan liquid handling systems lack the capability to provide high-capacity continuous liquid flow and ideal linear gradient chromatography conditions. These limitations impact protein chromatography performance and hinder the application of high-throughput gradient elution experiments. In this work, we describe a Tecan Freedom EVO high-throughput purification tool that provides more continuous liquid delivery enabling continuous gradient elution capability for RoboColumn experiments as demonstrated by generation of highly linear conductivity gradients. Results demonstrate that the tool can provide RoboColumn performance and product quality data that is in agreement with larger, bench scale chromatography formats for two model purification methods. The described gradient purification method also provides more consistent performance between RoboColumns and larger column formats compared to step elution methods using the same optimized Tecan system. Lastly, new insights into the impact of discontinuous flow on RoboColumn elution performance are introduced, which may help further improve application of these data towards bioprocess development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamiyar Rezvani
- Purification Process Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - Andrew Smith
- Robotics & Automation Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - Jannat Javed
- Robotics & Automation Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - William R Keller
- Purification Process Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - Kevin D Stewart
- Robotics & Automation Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - Logan Kim
- Purification Process Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US
| | - Kelcy J Newell
- Robotics & Automation Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, US.
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11
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Silva TC, Eppink M, Ottens M. Small, smaller, smallest: Miniaturization of chromatographic process development. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1681:463451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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12
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Keulen D, Geldhof G, Bussy OL, Pabst M, Ottens M. Recent advances to accelerate purification process development: a review with a focus on vaccines. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1676:463195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Winderl J, Bürkle S, Hubbuch J. High throughput screening of fiber-based adsorbents for material and process development. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1653:462387. [PMID: 34375899 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There has been a growing interest in fibers and fiber-based adsorbents as alternative adsorbents for preparative chromatography. While the benefits of fiber-based adsorbents in terms of productivity have been highlighted in several recent studies, microscale tools that enable a fast characterization of these novel adsorbents, and an easy integration into process development workflows, are still lacking. In the present study an automated high-throughput screening (HTS) for fiber-based adsorbents was established on a robotic liquid handling station in 96 well filter plates. Two techniques - punching and weighing - were identified as techniques that enabled accurate and reproducible portioning of short-cut fiber-based adsorbents. The impact of several screening parameters such as phase ratio, shaking frequency, and incubation time were investigated and optimized for different types of fiber-based adsorbents. The data from the developed HTS correlated with data from packed fiber columns, and binding capacities from both scales matched closely. Subsequently, the developed HTS was utilized to optimize the hydrogel architecture of anion exchange (AEX) fiber-based adsorbent prototypes. A novel AEX fiber-based adsorbent was developed that compared favorably with existing resin and membrane adsorbents in terms of productivity and DNA binding capacity. In addition, the developed HTS was also successfully employed in order to identify step elution conditions for the purification of a monoclonal antibody from product- and process-related impurities with a cation exchange (CEX) fiber-based adsorbent. Trends from the HTS were found to be in good agreement with trends from lab scale column runs. The tool developed in this paper will enable a faster and more complete characterization of fiber-based adsorbents, easier tailoring of such adsorbents towards specific process applications, and an easier integration of such materials into processes. In comparison to previous lab scale experiments, material requirements are reduced by a factor of 3-40 and time requirements are reduced by a factor of 2-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Winderl
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Stephan Bürkle
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Institute of Engineering in Life Sciences, Section IV: Biomolecular Separation Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
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14
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Rathore AS, Bhambure R. High-Throughput Process Development: I-Process Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2178:11-20. [PMID: 33128739 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0775-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Chromatographic separation serves as "a workhorse" for downstream process development and plays a key role in the removal of product-related, host-cell-related, and process-related impurities. Complex and poorly characterized raw materials and feed material, low feed concentration, product instability, and poor mechanistic understanding of the processes are some of the critical challenges that are faced during the development of a chromatographic step. Traditional process development is performed as a trial-and-error-based evaluation and often leads to a suboptimal process. A high-throughput process development (HTPD) platform involves the integration of miniaturization, automation, and parallelization and provides a systematic approach for time- and resource-efficient chromatographic process development. Creation of such platforms requires the integration of mechanistic knowledge of the process with various statistical tools for data analysis. The relevance of such a platform is high in view of the constraints with respect to time and resources that the biopharma industry faces today.This protocol describes the steps involved in performing the HTPD of chromatography steps. It describes the operation of a commercially available device (PreDictor™ plates from GE Healthcare). This device is available in 96-well format with 2 or 6 μL well size. We also discuss the challenges that one faces when performing such experiments as well as possible solutions to alleviate them. Besides describing the operation of the device, the protocol also presents an approach for statistical analysis of the data that are gathered from such a platform. A case study involving the use of the protocol for examining ion exchange chromatography of the Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (GCSF), a therapeutic product, is briefly discussed. This is intended to demonstrate the usefulness of this protocol in generating data that are representative of the data obtained at the traditional lab scale. The agreement in the data is indeed very significant (regression coefficient 0.93). We think that this protocol will be of significant value to those involved in performing the high-throughput process development of the chromatography process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag S Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India.
| | - R Bhambure
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
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15
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Kimerer LK, Pabst TM, Hunter AK, Carta G. Chromatographic behavior of bivalent bispecific antibodies on hydrophobic interaction chromatography columns. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1617:460836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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16
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Mechanistic modeling based process development for monoclonal antibody monomer-aggregate separations in multimodal cation exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:317-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Shukla AA, Rameez S, Wolfe LS, Oien N. High-Throughput Process Development for Biopharmaceuticals. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 165:401-441. [PMID: 29134461 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability to conduct multiple experiments in parallel significantly reduces the time that it takes to develop a manufacturing process for a biopharmaceutical. This is particularly significant before clinical entry, because process development and manufacturing are on the "critical path" for a drug candidate to enter clinical development. High-throughput process development (HTPD) methodologies can be similarly impactful during late-stage development, both for developing the final commercial process as well as for process characterization and scale-down validation activities that form a key component of the licensure filing package. This review examines the current state of the art for HTPD methodologies as they apply to cell culture, downstream purification, and analytical techniques. In addition, we provide a vision of how HTPD activities across all of these spaces can integrate to create a rapid process development engine that can accelerate biopharmaceutical drug development. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav A Shukla
- Process Development and Manufacturing, KBI Biopharma Inc., 2 Triangle Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA.
| | - Shahid Rameez
- Process Development and Manufacturing, KBI Biopharma Inc., 2 Triangle Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Leslie S Wolfe
- Process Development and Manufacturing, KBI Biopharma Inc., 2 Triangle Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Nathan Oien
- Process Development and Manufacturing, KBI Biopharma Inc., 2 Triangle Drive, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC, 27709, USA
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18
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Singh N, Herzer S. Downstream Processing Technologies/Capturing and Final Purification : Opportunities for Innovation, Change, and Improvement. A Review of Downstream Processing Developments in Protein Purification. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 165:115-178. [PMID: 28795201 DOI: 10.1007/10_2017_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increased pressure on upstream processes to maximize productivity has been crowned with great success, although at the cost of shifting the bottleneck to purification. As drivers were economical, focus is on now on debottlenecking downstream processes as the main drivers of high manufacturing cost. Devising a holistically efficient and economical process remains a key challenge. Traditional and emerging protein purification strategies with particular emphasis on methodologies implemented for the production of recombinant proteins of biopharmaceutical importance are reviewed. The breadth of innovation is addressed, as well as the challenges the industry faces today, with an eye to remaining impartial, fair, and balanced. In addition, the scope encompasses both chromatographic and non-chromatographic separations directed at the purification of proteins, with a strong emphasis on antibodies. Complete solutions such as integrated USP/DSP strategies (i.e., continuous processing) are discussed as well as gains in data quantity and quality arising from automation and high-throughput screening (HTS). Best practices and advantages through design of experiments (DOE) to access a complex design space such as multi-modal chromatography are reviewed with an outlook on potential future trends. A discussion of single-use technology, its impact and opportunities for further growth, and the exciting developments in modeling and simulation of DSP rounds out the overview. Lastly, emerging trends such as 3D printing and nanotechnology are covered. Graphical Abstract Workflow of high-throughput screening, design of experiments, and high-throughput analytics to understand design space and design space boundaries quickly. (Reproduced with permission from Gregory Barker, Process Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nripen Singh
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Global Manufacturing and Supply, Devens, MA, 01434, USA.
| | - Sibylle Herzer
- Bristol-Myers Squibb, Global Manufacturing and Supply, Hopewell, NJ, 01434, USA
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19
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Stamatis C, Goldrick S, Gruber D, Turner R, Titchener-Hooker NJ, Farid SS. High throughput process development workflow with advanced decision-support for antibody purification. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1596:104-116. [PMID: 30885400 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Chromatography remains the workhorse in antibody purification; however process development and characterisation still require significant resources. The high number of operating parameters involved requires extensive experimentation, traditionally performed at small- and pilot-scale, leading to demands in terms of materials and time that can be a challenge. The main objective of this research was the establishment of a novel High Throughput Process Development (HTPD) workflow combining scale-down chromatography experimentation with advanced decision-support techniques in order to minimise the consumption of resources and accelerate the development timeframe. Additionally, the HTPD workflow provides a framework to rapidly manipulate large datasets in an automated fashion. The central component of the HTPD workflow is the systematic integration of a microscale chromatography experimentation strategy with an advanced chromatogram evaluation method, design of experiments (DoE) and multivariate data analysis. The outputs of this are leveraged into the screening and optimisation components of the workflow. For the screening component, a decision-support tool was developed combining different multi-criteria decision-making techniques to enable a fair comparison of a number of CEX resin candidates and determine those that demonstrate superior purification performance. This provided a rational methodology for screening chromatography resins and process parameters. For the optimisation component, the workflow leverages insights provided through screening experimentation to guide subsequent DoE experiments so as to tune significant process parameters for the selected resin. The resulting empirical correlations are linked to a stochastic modelling technique so as to predict the optimal and most robust chromatographic process parameters to achieve the desired performance criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Stamatis
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; MedImmune Limited, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB1 6GH, UK
| | - Stephen Goldrick
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; MedImmune Limited, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB1 6GH, UK
| | - David Gruber
- MedImmune Limited, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB1 6GH, UK
| | - Richard Turner
- MedImmune Limited, Milstein Building, Granta Park, Cambridge CB1 6GH, UK
| | - Nigel J Titchener-Hooker
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Suzanne S Farid
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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20
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Pan C, Becerra-Arteaga A, Tran B, Chinn M, Wang H, Chen Q, Lutz H, Zhang M. Characterizing and enhancing virus removal by protein A chromatography. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:846-856. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chinwei Pan
- Genentech Inc.; South San Francisco California
| | | | | | | | - Hua Wang
- Genentech Inc.; South San Francisco California
| | - Qi Chen
- Genentech Inc.; South San Francisco California
| | - Herb Lutz
- EMD Millipore Corporation; Burlington Massachusetts
| | - Min Zhang
- Genentech Inc.; South San Francisco California
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21
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Keeping pace with the increasing demand for high quality drug candidates in pharmaceutical research: Development of a new two-step preparative tandem high performance chromatographic system for the purification of antibodies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1104:18-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Andris S, Wendeler M, Wang X, Hubbuch J. Multi-step high-throughput conjugation platform for the development of antibody-drug conjugates. J Biotechnol 2018; 278:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Willis LF, Kumar A, Dobson J, Bond NJ, Lowe D, Turner R, Radford SE, Kapur N, Brockwell DJ. Using extensional flow to reveal diverse aggregation landscapes for three IgG1 molecules. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1216-1225. [PMID: 29315487 PMCID: PMC5900942 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) currently dominate the biopharmaceutical sector due to their potency and efficacy against a range of disease targets. These proteinaceous therapeutics are, however, susceptible to unfolding, mis‐folding, and aggregation by environmental perturbations. Aggregation thus poses an enormous challenge to biopharmaceutical development, production, formulation, and storage. Hydrodynamic forces have also been linked to aggregation, but the ability of different flow fields (e.g., shear and extensional flow) to trigger aggregation has remained unclear. To address this question, we previously developed a device that allows the degree of extensional flow to be controlled. Using this device we demonstrated that mAbs are particularly sensitive to the force exerted as a result of this flow‐field. Here, to investigate the utility of this device to bio‐process/biopharmaceutical development, we quantify the effects of the flow field and protein concentration on the aggregation of three mAbs. We show that the response surface of mAbs is distinct from that of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and also that mAbs of similar sequence display diverse sensitivity to hydrodynamic flow. Finally, we show that flow‐induced aggregation of each mAb is ameliorated by different buffers, opening up the possibility of using the device as a formulation tool. Perturbation of the native state by extensional flow may thus allow identification of aggregation‐resistant mAb candidates, their bio‐process parameters and formulation to be optimized earlier in the drug‐discovery pipeline using sub‐milligram quantities of material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon F Willis
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Amit Kumar
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - John Dobson
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | | | - David Lowe
- MedImmune Ltd, Granta Park, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Sheena E Radford
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Nikil Kapur
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - David J Brockwell
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK.,School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, UK
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24
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Velugula-Yellela SR, Williams A, Trunfio N, Hsu CJ, Chavez B, Yoon S, Agarabi C. Impact of media and antifoam selection on monoclonal antibody production and quality using a high throughput micro-bioreactor system. Biotechnol Prog 2017; 34:262-270. [PMID: 29086492 PMCID: PMC5821576 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody production in commercial scale cell culture bioprocessing requires a thorough understanding of the engineering process and components used throughout manufacturing. It is important to identify high impact components early on during the lifecycle of a biotechnology‐derived product. While cell culture media selection is of obvious importance to the health and productivity of mammalian bioreactor operations, other components such as antifoam selection can also play an important role in bioreactor cell culture. Silicone polymer‐based antifoams were known to have negative impacts on cell health, production, and downstream filtration and purification operations. High throughput screening in micro‐scale bioreactors provides an efficient strategy to identify initial operating parameters. Here, we utilized a micro‐scale parallel bioreactor system to study an IgG1 producing CHO cell line, to screen Dynamis, ProCHO5, PowerCHO2, EX‐Cell Advanced, and OptiCHO media, and 204, C, EX‐Cell, SE‐15, and Y‐30 antifoams and their impacts on IgG1 production, cell growth, aggregation, and process control. This study found ProCHO5, EX‐Cell Advanced, and PowerCHO2 media supported strong cellular growth profiles, with an IVCD of 25‐35 × 106 cells‐d/mL, while maintaining specific antibody production (Qp > 2 pg/cell‐d) for our model cell line and a monomer percentage above 94%. Antifoams C, EX‐Cell, and SE‐15 were capable of providing adequate control of foaming while antifoam 204 and Y‐30 noticeably stunted cellular growth. This work highlights the utility of high throughput micro bioreactors and the importance of identifying both positive and negative impacts of media and antifoam selection on a model IgG1 producing CHO cell line. © 2017 The Authors Biotechnology Progress published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:262–270, 2018
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Rashmika Velugula-Yellela
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Abasha Williams
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Nicholas Trunfio
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD.,Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - Chih-Jung Hsu
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Brittany Chavez
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Seongkyu Yoon
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - Cyrus Agarabi
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Product Quality, Office of Biotechnology Products, Division of Biotechnology Review and Research II, Silver Spring, MD
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25
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Senga Y, Imamura H, Miyafusa T, Watanabe H, Honda S. AlphaScreen-based homogeneous assay using a pair of 25-residue artificial proteins for high-throughput analysis of non-native IgG. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12466. [PMID: 28963557 PMCID: PMC5622108 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12693-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic IgG becomes unstable under various stresses in the manufacturing process. The resulting non-native IgG molecules tend to associate with each other and form aggregates. Because such aggregates not only decrease the pharmacological effect but also become a potential risk factor for immunogenicity, rapid analysis of aggregation is required for quality control of therapeutic IgG. In this study, we developed a homogeneous assay using AlphaScreen and AF.2A1. AF.2A1 is a 25-residue artificial protein that binds specifically to non-native IgG generated under chemical and physical stresses. This assay is performed in a short period of time. Our results show that AF.2A1-AlphaScreen may be used to evaluate the various types of IgG, as AF.2A1 recognizes the non-native structure in the constant region (Fc region) of IgG. The assay was effective for detection of non-native IgG, with particle size up to ca. 500 nm, generated under acid, heat, and stirring conditions. In addition, this technique is suitable for analyzing non-native IgG in CHO cell culture supernatant and mixed with large amounts of native IgG. These results indicate the potential of AF.2A1-AlphaScreen to be used as a high-throughput evaluation method for process monitoring as well as quality testing in the manufacturing of therapeutic IgG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Senga
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imamura
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Miyafusa
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hideki Watanabe
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Shinya Honda
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan.
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26
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Johnson SA, Walsh A, Brown MR, Lute SC, Roush DJ, Burnham MS, Brorson KA. The step-wise framework to design a chromatography-based hydrophobicity assay for viral particles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1061-1062:430-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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27
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Evans ST, Stewart KD, Afdahl C, Patel R, Newell KJ. Optimization of a micro-scale, high throughput process development tool and the demonstration of comparable process performance and product quality with biopharmaceutical manufacturing processes. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1506:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Selekman JA, Qiu J, Tran K, Stevens J, Rosso V, Simmons E, Xiao Y, Janey J. High-Throughput Automation in Chemical Process Development. Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng 2017; 8:525-547. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060816-101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Selekman
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Jun Qiu
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Kristy Tran
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Jason Stevens
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Victor Rosso
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Eric Simmons
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Yi Xiao
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
| | - Jacob Janey
- Chemical and Synthetic Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903;, , , , , , ,
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29
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Fan J, Luo J, Song W, Wan Y. One-step purification of α1-antitrypsin by regulating polyelectrolyte ligands on mussel-inspired membrane adsorber. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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30
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Johnson S, Brorson KA, Frey DD, Dhar AK, Cetlin DA. Characterization of Non-Infectious Virus-Like Particle Surrogates for Viral Clearance Applications. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 183:318-331. [PMID: 28281181 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2447-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Viral clearance is a critical aspect of biopharmaceutical manufacturing process validation. To determine the viral clearance efficacy of downstream chromatography and filtration steps, live viral "spiking" studies are conducted with model mammalian viruses such as minute virus of mice (MVM). However, due to biosafety considerations, spiking studies are costly and typically conducted in specialized facilities. In this work, we introduce the concept of utilizing a non-infectious MVM virus-like particle (MVM-VLP) as an economical surrogate for live MVM during process development and characterization. Through transmission electron microscopy, size exclusion chromatography with multi-angle light scattering, chromatofocusing, and a novel solute surface hydrophobicity assay, we examined and compared the size, surface charge, and hydrophobic properties of MVM and MVM-VLP. The results revealed that MVM and MVM-VLP exhibited nearly identical physicochemical properties, indicating the potential utility of MVM-VLP as an accurate and economical surrogate to live MVM during chromatography and filtration process development and characterization studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Johnson
- DBRRII, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Kurt A Brorson
- DBRRII, Office of Biotechnology Products, Office of Pharmaceutical Quality, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Douglas D Frey
- Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Arun K Dhar
- MockV Solutions, Inc., 22 Baltimore Road, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - David A Cetlin
- MockV Solutions, Inc., 22 Baltimore Road, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
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31
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Brown MR, Johnson SA, Brorson KA, Lute SC, Roush DJ. A step-wise approach to define binding mechanisms of surrogate viral particles to multi-modal anion exchange resin in a single solute system. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017; 114:1487-1494. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Brown
- Division of Biotechnology Research and Review II, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland 20993
| | - Sarah A. Johnson
- Division of Biotechnology Research and Review II, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland 20993
| | - Kurt A. Brorson
- Division of Biotechnology Research and Review II, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland 20993
| | - Scott C. Lute
- Division of Biotechnology Research and Review II, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research; Food and Drug Administration; Silver Spring Maryland 20993
| | - David J. Roush
- Merck, Sharp, and Dohme, MRL, BioProcess Development; Biologics and Vaccines; Kenilworth New Jersey
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32
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Baumann P, Hubbuch J. Downstream process development strategies for effective bioprocesses: Trends, progress, and combinatorial approaches. Eng Life Sci 2016; 17:1142-1158. [PMID: 32624742 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The biopharmaceutical industry is at a turning point moving toward a more customized and patient-oriented medicine (precision medicine). Straightforward routines such as the antibody platform process are extended to production processes for a new portfolio of molecules. As a consequence, individual and tailored productions require generic approaches for a fast and dedicated purification process development. In this article, different effective strategies in biopharmaceutical purification process development are reviewed that can analogously be used for the new generation of antibodies. Conventional approaches based on heuristics and high-throughput process development are discussed and compared to modern technologies such as multivariate calibration and mechanistic modeling tools. Such approaches constitute a good foundation for fast and effective process development for new products and processes, but their full potential becomes obvious in a correlated combination. Thus, different combinatorial approaches are presented, which might become future directions in the biopharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Baumann
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jürgen Hubbuch
- Biomolecular Separation Engineering Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Karlsruhe Germany
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33
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The rapid identification of elution conditions for therapeutic antibodies from cation-exchange chromatography resins using high-throughput screening. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1433:66-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Rathore AS, Singh SK. Production of Protein Therapeutics in the Quality by Design (QbD) Paradigm. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2015_5004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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35
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Bergander T, Lacki KM. High-throughput process development: Chromatography media volume definition. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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36
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Siva S, Zhang A, Koepf E, Conley L, Cecchini D, Huang YM, Kshirsagar R, Ryll T. Leveraging high-throughput technology to accelerate the time to clinic: A case study of a mAb. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201500028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sethu Siva
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - An Zhang
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - Edward Koepf
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | - Lynn Conley
- Process Biochemistry; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | | | - Yao-Ming Huang
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Research Triangle Park NC USA
| | | | - Thomas Ryll
- Cell Culture Development; Biogen; Cambridge MA USA
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Welsh JP, Rauscher MA, Bao H, Meissner S, Han I, Linden TO, Pollard JM. Domain antibody downstream process optimization: High-throughput strategy and analytical methods. Eng Life Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201400255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- John P. Welsh
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - Michael A. Rauscher
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - Haiying Bao
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - Sandra Meissner
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - InKwan Han
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - Thomas O. Linden
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - Jennifer M. Pollard
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc; Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
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Chollangi S, Parker R, Singh N, Li Y, Borys M, Li Z. Development of robust antibody purification by optimizing protein-A chromatography in combination with precipitation methodologies. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:2292-304. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Chollangi
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
| | - Ray Parker
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
| | - Nripen Singh
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
| | - Yi Li
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
| | - Michael Borys
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
| | - Zhengjian Li
- Bristol-Myers Squibb; Biologics Development; Global Manufacturing & Supply; Hopkinton Massachusetts
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Townsend MJ, Gruber DE, Kuiper M, Lazar RA, Field RP, Turner RE, Slater NKH. Functionalized micro-capillary film for the rapid at-line analysis of IgG aggregates in a cell culture bioreactor. MAbs 2015; 7:812-9. [PMID: 26176737 PMCID: PMC4623336 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2015.1065365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A micro-capillary film has been developed that offers the potential for an at-line analytical tool for rapid aggregate analysis during biopharmaceutical antibody production. A non-porous walled micro-capillary film (NMCF) with cation exchange functionality was demonstrated to act as a chromatography medium that could be operated with high linear fluid velocities and was highly resistant to blockage by entrained particulates, including cells. The NMCF containing 19 parallel microcapillaries was prepared using a melt extrusion process from poly(ethylene-vinyl alcohol) copolymer (EVOH). The NMCF-EVOH was modified to have cation-exchange functionality (NMCF-EVOH-SP) and shown to differentially bind monomer and aggregated species of IgG antibody directly from a bioreactor. The use of NMCF-EVOH-SP to quantify aggregate concentrations in monoclonal antibody preparations in less than 20 minutes was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Townsend
- a Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology ; University of Cambridge; New Museums Site ; Cambridge , UK
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40
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Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of monomer–dimer monoclonal antibody mixtures on a cation exchange resin. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1402:46-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Baumann P, Baumgartner K, Hubbuch J. Influence of binding pH and protein solubility on the dynamic binding capacity in hydrophobic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1396:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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43
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Herzer S, Bhangale A, Barker G, Chowdhary I, Conover M, O'Mara BW, Tsang L, Wang SY, Krystek SR, Yao Y, Rieble S. Development and scale-up of the recovery and purification of a domain antibody Fc fusion protein-comparison of a two and three-step approach. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1417-28. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Herzer
- Biologics Development; BLY-106G, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 519 Route 173 West, Bloomsbury New Jersey
| | | | | | | | - Matthew Conover
- Biologics Development; BLY-106G, Bristol-Myers Squibb; 519 Route 173 West, Bloomsbury New Jersey
| | | | - Lily Tsang
- Biologics Development; BMS; Seattle Washington
| | | | | | - Yan Yao
- Biologics Development; BMS; Bloomsbury New Jersey
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Noyes A, Huffman B, Godavarti R, Titchener-Hooker N, Coffman J, Sunasara K, Mukhopadhyay T. High throughput screening of particle conditioning operations: I. System design and method development. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 112:1554-67. [PMID: 25728932 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The biotech industry is under increasing pressure to decrease both time to market and development costs. Simultaneously, regulators are expecting increased process understanding. High throughput process development (HTPD) employs small volumes, parallel processing, and high throughput analytics to reduce development costs and speed the development of novel therapeutics. As such, HTPD is increasingly viewed as integral to improving developmental productivity and deepening process understanding. Particle conditioning steps such as precipitation and flocculation may be used to aid the recovery and purification of biological products. In this first part of two articles, we describe an ultra scale-down system (USD) for high throughput particle conditioning (HTPC) composed of off-the-shelf components. The apparatus is comprised of a temperature-controlled microplate with magnetically driven stirrers and integrated with a Tecan liquid handling robot. With this system, 96 individual reaction conditions can be evaluated in parallel, including downstream centrifugal clarification. A comprehensive suite of high throughput analytics enables measurement of product titer, product quality, impurity clearance, clarification efficiency, and particle characterization. HTPC at the 1 mL scale was evaluated with fermentation broth containing a vaccine polysaccharide. The response profile was compared with the Pilot-scale performance of a non-geometrically similar, 3 L reactor. An engineering characterization of the reactors and scale-up context examines theoretical considerations for comparing this USD system with larger scale stirred reactors. In the second paper, we will explore application of this system to industrially relevant vaccines and test different scale-up heuristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Noyes
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.,Pfizer Bioprocess R&D, Andover, Massachusetts
| | - Ben Huffman
- Pfizer Bioprocess R&D, Chesterfield, Missouri
| | | | - Nigel Titchener-Hooker
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | | | | | - Tarit Mukhopadhyay
- The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Bernard Katz Building, Gordon Street, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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45
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Paul AJ, Schwab K, Hesse F. Direct analysis of mAb aggregates in mammalian cell culture supernatant. BMC Biotechnol 2014; 14:99. [PMID: 25431119 PMCID: PMC4256052 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-014-0099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein aggregation during monoclonal antibody (mAb) production can occur in upstream and downstream processing (DSP). Current methods to determine aggregate formation during cell culture include size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with a previous affinity chromatography step in order to remove disturbing cell culture components. The pre-purification step itself can already influence protein aggregation and therefore does not necessarily reflect the real aggregate content present in cell culture. To analyze mAb aggregate formation directly in the supernatant of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture, we established a protocol, which allows aggregate quantification using SEC, without a falsifying pre-purification step. Results The use of a 3 μm silica SEC column or a SEC column tailored for mAb aggregate analysis allows the separation of mAb monomer and aggregates from disturbing cell culture components, which enables aggregate determination directly in the supernatant. Antibody aggregate analysis of a mAb-producing CHO DG44 cell line demonstrated the feasibility of the method. Astonishingly, the supernatant of the CHO cells consisted of over 75% mAb dimer and larger oligomers, representing a substantially higher aggregate content than reported in literature so far. Conclusion This study highlights that aggregate quantification directly in the cell culture supernatant using appropriate SEC columns with suitable mAb aggregate standards is feasible without falsification by previous affinity chromatography. Moreover, our results indicate that aggregate formation should be addressed directly in the cell culture and is not only a problem in DSP. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12896-014-0099-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Paul
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology (IAB), Biberach University of Applied Sciences, 88400, Biberach, Germany.
| | - Karen Schwab
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology (IAB), Biberach University of Applied Sciences, 88400, Biberach, Germany.
| | - Friedemann Hesse
- Institute of Applied Biotechnology (IAB), Biberach University of Applied Sciences, 88400, Biberach, Germany.
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Ji Y, Tian Y, Ahnfelt M, Sui L. Design and optimization of a chromatographic purification process for Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23F capsular polysaccharide by a Design of Experiments approach. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1348:137-49. [PMID: 24845825 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multivalent pneumococcal vaccines were used worldwide to protect human beings from pneumococcal diseases. In order to eliminate the toxic organic solutions used in the traditional vaccine purification process, an alternative chromatographic process for Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 23F capsular polysaccharide (CPS) was proposed in this study. The strategy of Design of Experiments (DoE) was introduced into the process development to solve the complicated design procedure. An initial process analysis was given to review the whole flowchart, identify the critical factors of chromatography through FMEA and chose the flowthrough mode due to the property of the feed. A resin screening study was then followed to select candidate resins. DoE was utilized to generate a resolution IV fractional factorial design to further compare candidates and narrow down the design space. After Capto Adhere was selected, the Box-Behnken DoE was executed to model the process and characterize all effects of factors on the responses. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation was used to optimize the process, test the chosen optimal conditions and define the control limit. The results of three scale-up runs at set points verified the DoE and simulation predictions. The final results were well in accordance with the EU pharmacopeia requirements: Protein/CPS (w/w) 1.08%; DNA/CPS (w/w) 0.61%; the phosphorus content 3.1%; the nitrogen 0.315% and the Methyl-pentose percentage 47.9%. Other tests of final pure CPS also met the pharmacopeia specifications. This alternative chromatographic purification process for pneumococcal vaccine without toxic organic solvents was successfully developed by the DoE approach and proved scalability, robustness and suitability for large scale manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ji
- GE Healthcare Fast Trak China, 1800 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yang Tian
- GE Healthcare Fast Trak China, 1800 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mattias Ahnfelt
- GE Healthcare Bio-Sciences, Björkgatan 30, SE-75184 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lili Sui
- GE Healthcare Fast Trak China, 1800 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China
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48
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Hanke AT, Ottens M. Purifying biopharmaceuticals: knowledge-based chromatographic process development. Trends Biotechnol 2014; 32:210-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2014.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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49
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High-throughput process development: I. Process chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2014. [PMID: 24648064 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-977-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Chromatographic separation serves as "a workhorse" for downstream process development and plays a key role in removal of product-related, host cell-related, and process-related impurities. Complex and poorly characterized raw materials and feed material, low feed concentration, product instability, and poor mechanistic understanding of the processes are some of the critical challenges that are faced during development of a chromatographic step. Traditional process development is performed as trial-and-error-based evaluation and often leads to a suboptimal process. High-throughput process development (HTPD) platform involves an integration of miniaturization, automation, and parallelization and provides a systematic approach for time- and resource-efficient chromatography process development. Creation of such platforms requires integration of mechanistic knowledge of the process with various statistical tools for data analysis. The relevance of such a platform is high in view of the constraints with respect to time and resources that the biopharma industry faces today. This protocol describes the steps involved in performing HTPD of process chromatography step. It described operation of a commercially available device (PreDictor™ plates from GE Healthcare). This device is available in 96-well format with 2 or 6 μL well size. We also discuss the challenges that one faces when performing such experiments as well as possible solutions to alleviate them. Besides describing the operation of the device, the protocol also presents an approach for statistical analysis of the data that is gathered from such a platform. A case study involving use of the protocol for examining ion-exchange chromatography of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF), a therapeutic product, is briefly discussed. This is intended to demonstrate the usefulness of this protocol in generating data that is representative of the data obtained at the traditional lab scale. The agreement in the data is indeed very significant (regression coefficient 0.93). We think that this protocol will be of significant value to those involved in performing high-throughput process development of process chromatography.
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50
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Welsh JP, Petroff MG, Rowicki P, Bao H, Linden T, Roush DJ, Pollard JM. A practical strategy for using miniature chromatography columns in a standardized high-throughput workflow for purification development of monoclonal antibodies. Biotechnol Prog 2014; 30:626-35. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John P. Welsh
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Matthew G. Petroff
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Patricia Rowicki
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Haiying Bao
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - Thomas Linden
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
| | - David J. Roush
- Process Development and Engineering; Merck & Co. Inc.; Kenilworth NJ 07033
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