1
|
Morgado D, Fanesi A, Martin T, Tebbani S, Bernard O, Lopes F. Exploring the dynamics of astaxanthin production in Haematococcus pluvialis biofilms using a rotating biofilm-based system. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:991-1004. [PMID: 38098364 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Microalgae biofilm emerged as a solid alternative to conventional suspended cultures which present high operative costs and complex harvesting processes. Among several designs, rotating biofilm-based systems stand out for their scalability, although their primary applications have been in wastewater treatment and aquaculture. In this work, a rotating system was utilized to produce a high-value compound (astaxanthin) using Haematococcus pluvialis biofilms. The effect of nitrogen regime, light intensity, and light history on biofilm traits was assessed to better understand how to efficiently operate the system. Our results show that H. pluvialis biofilms follow the classical growth stages described for bacterial biofilms (from adhesion to maturation) and that a two-stage (green and red stages) allowed to reach astaxanthin productivities of 204 mg m-2 d-1 . The higher light intensity applied during the red stage (400 and 800 µmol m-2 s-1 ) combined with nitrogen depletion stimulated similar astaxanthin productivities. However, by training the biofilms during the green stage, using mild-light intensity (200 µmol m-2 s-1 ), a process known as priming, the final astaxanthin productivity was enhanced by 40% with respect to biofilms pre-exposed to 50 µmol m-2 s-1 . Overall, this study shows the possibility of utilizing rotating microalgae biofilms to produce high-value compounds laying the foundation for further biotechnological applications of these emerging systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Morgado
- CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Andrea Fanesi
- CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Thierry Martin
- CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Sihem Tebbani
- CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Bernard
- INRIA, Centre d'Université Côte d'Azur, Biocore, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Filipa Lopes
- CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire Génie des Procédés et Matériaux (LGPM), Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nguyen VT, Le VA, Do QH, Le TNC, Vo TDH. Emerging revolving algae biofilm system for algal biomass production and nutrient recovery from wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168911. [PMID: 38016564 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Toward the direction of zero‑carbon emission and green technologies for wastewater treatment, algae-based technologies are considered promising candidates to deal with the current situation of pollution and climate change. Recent developments of algae-based technologies have been introduced in previous studies in which their performances were optimized for wastewater treatment and biomass production. Among these, revolving algae biofilm (RAB) reactors have been proven to have a great potential in high biomass productivity, simple harvesting method, great CO2 transfer rate, high light-use efficiency, heavy metal capture, nutrient removal, and acid mine drainage treatment in previous studies. However, there were few articles detailing RAB performance, which concealed its enormous potential and diminished interest in the model. Hence, this review aims to reveal the major benefit of RAB reactors in simultaneous wastewater treatment and biomass cultivation. However, there is still a lack of research on aspects to upgrade this technology which requires further investigations to improve performance or fulfill the concept of circular economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Van-Truc Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Vu-Anh Le
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhongli District, Chung Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Zhongbei Road, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
| | - Quoc-Hoang Do
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Ngoc-Chau Le
- Institute for Environment and Resources (IER), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Institute of Applied Technology and Sustainable Development, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Y, Tang S, Yan Q, Zhou J, Cai Z. Effectiveness and associated mechanisms of a combination of biofilm attached cultivation and mixotrophy in promoting microalgal biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130077. [PMID: 37989417 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness and associated mechanisms of the biofilm attached cultivation (BAC) under mixotrophy in promoting algal proliferation were investigated. Commercially valuable unicellular microalgae Chromochloris zofingiensis was first used in BAC. Compared with suspended cultivation, the results unequivocally demonstrated the growth benefits of C. zofingiensis cells under BAC with high biomass productivity of 8.53 g m-2 d-1. The physiological and transcriptomic data revealed that the augmented biomass yield was attributable to larger cell size, higher accumulation of chemical substances, significantly upregulated carbon fixation pathway, and greater energy supply efficiency. Here, BAC acts as a "cage" was proposed. Specifically, cells allocate less energy toward mobility, directing a higher share toward growth and production due to their immobilized lifestyle. These findings provide novel insights for optimizing cultivation strategies for commercially valuable algal species and offer a novel perspective from microalgae physiological on understanding higher biomass yield in BAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqing Liu
- The Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Si Tang
- The Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Qi Yan
- The Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Jin Zhou
- The Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Cai
- The Institute for Ocean Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School (SIGS), Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stiefelmaier J, Strieth D, Schaefer S, Wrabl B, Kronenberger D, Bröckel U, Ulber R. A new easy method for determination of surface adhesion of phototrophic biofilms. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3518-3528. [PMID: 37641171 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial cyanobacteria grow as phototrophic biofilms and offer a wide spectrum of interesting products. For cultivation of phototrophic biofilms different reactor concepts have been developed in the last years. One of the main influencing factors is the surface material and the adhesion strength of the chosen production strain. In this work a flow chamber was developed, in which, in combination with optical coherence tomography and computational fluid dynamics simulation, an easy analysis of adhesion forces between different biofilms and varied surface materials is possible. Hereby, differences between two cyanobacteria strains and two surface materials were shown. With longer cultivation time of biofilms adhesion increased in all experiments. Additionally, the content of extracellular polymeric substances was analyzed and its role in surface adhesion was evaluated. To test the comparability of obtained results from the flow chamber with other methods, analogous experiments were conducted with a rotational rheometer, which proved to be successful. Thus, with the presented flow chamber an easy to implement method for analysis of biofilm adhesion was developed, which can be used in future research for determination of suitable combinations of microorganisms with cultivation surfaces on lab scale in advance of larger processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Stiefelmaier
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Dorina Strieth
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Susanne Schaefer
- Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Institute of Microprocess Engineering and Particle Technology, University of Applied Sciences Trier, Birkenfeld, Germany
| | - Björn Wrabl
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Daniel Kronenberger
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Ulrich Bröckel
- Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Institute of Microprocess Engineering and Particle Technology, University of Applied Sciences Trier, Birkenfeld, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Miyauchi H, Ishikawa T, Hirakawa Y, Sudou A, Okada K, Hijikata A, Sato N, Tsuzuki M, Fujiwara S. Cellular response of Parachlorella kessleri to a solid surface culture environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1175080. [PMID: 37342150 PMCID: PMC10277731 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1175080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Attached culture allows high biomass productivity and is a promising biomass cultivating system because neither a huge facility area nor a large volume of culture medium are needed. This study investigates photosynthetic and transcriptomic behaviors in Parachlorella kessleri cells on a solid surface after their transfer from liquid culture to elucidate the physiological and gene-expression regulatory mechanisms that underlie their vigorous proliferation. The chlorophyll content shows a decrease at 12 h after the transfer; however, it has fully recovered at 24 h, suggesting temporary decreases in the amounts of light harvesting complexes. On PAM analysis, it is demonstrated that the effective quantum yield of PSII decreases at 0 h right after the transfer, followed by its recovery in the next 24 h. A similar changing pattern is observed for the photochemical quenching, with the PSII maximum quantum yield remaining at an almost unaltered level. Non-photochemical quenching was increased at both 0 h and 12 h after the transfer. These observations suggest that electron transfer downstream of PSII but not PSII itself is only temporarily damaged in solid-surface cells just after the transfer, with light energy in excess being dissipated as heat for PSII protection. It thus seems that the photosynthetic machinery acclimates to high-light and/or dehydration stresses through its temporal size-down and functional regulation that start right after the transfer. Meanwhile, transcriptomic analysis by RNA-Seq demonstrates temporary upregulation at 12 h after the transfer as to the expression levels of many genes for photosynthesis, amino acid synthesis, general stress response, and ribosomal subunit proteins. These findings suggest that cells transferred to a solid surface become stressed immediately after transfer but can recover their high photosynthetic activity through adaptation of photosynthetic machinery and metabolic flow as well as induction of general stress response mechanisms within 24 h.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mousavian Z, Safavi M, Salehirad A, Azizmohseni F, Hadizadeh M, Mirdamadi S. Improving biomass and carbohydrate production of microalgae in the rotating cultivation system on natural carriers. AMB Express 2023; 13:39. [PMID: 37119344 PMCID: PMC10148935 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01548-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-based algal technologies have gained popularity due to higher biomass productivity, efficient harvesting, and water-saving over suspended growth systems. A rotating attached system was designed to assess the biofilm-forming capacity of different isolated microalgal strains from the Persian Gulf. Four microalgal strains, including two Chlorella sp., one Picochlorum sp. and one filamentous cyanobacterium Desmonostoc sp. were cultivated on four carriers: jute, cotton, yarn and nylon. The carriers' physicochemical surface characteristics and attachment effects, like contact angle, were investigated. The incorporated biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS) content in the suspended and biofilm system was calculated and compared. The results showed that the cyanobacterium strain had the biofilm formation capability on both jute and cotton in the attached cultivation system. Under the same culture conditions, the biomass productivity on jute and cotton carriers was significantly higher (4.76 and 3.61 g m- 2 respectively) than the growth in aqueous suspension (1.19 g m- 2 d- 1). The greatest incorporated exopolysaccharides amount was observed on jute (43.62 ± 4.47%) and the lowest amount was obtained from the growth on positive charge yarn (18.62 ± 1.88%). This study showed that in comparison with planktonic growth, the colonization of cyanobacterial cells and subsequent production of extracellular matrix and biofilm formation can lead to increased biomass production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mousavian
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maliheh Safavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran.
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Sh. Ehsani Rad St., Enqelab St., Parsa Sq., Ahmadabad Mostoufi Rd., Azadegan Highway, P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, 3353136846, Iran.
| | - Alireza Salehirad
- Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Azizmohseni
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Hadizadeh
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Mirdamadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, Iran.
- Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Sh. Ehsani Rad St., Enqelab St., Parsa Sq., Ahmadabad Mostoufi Rd., Azadegan Highway, P. O. Box 3353-5111, Tehran, 3353136846, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Li L, Zhao D, Zhou W, Chen L, Su G, Zhang Z, Liu T. Surface patterns of mortar plates influence Spirulina platensis biofilm attached cultivation: Experiment and modeling. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.103079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
|
8
|
Witthohn M, Strieth D, Kollmen J, Schwarz A, Ulber R, Muffler K. Process Technologies of Cyanobacteria. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [PMID: 36571615 DOI: 10.1007/10_2022_214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Although the handling and exploitation of cyanobacteria is associated with some challenges, these phototrophic bacteria offer great opportunities for innovative biotechnological processes. This chapter covers versatile aspects of working with cyanobacteria, starting with up-to-date in silico and in vitro screening methods for bioactive substances. Subsequently, common conservation techniques and vitality/viability estimation methods are compared and supplemented by own data regarding the non-invasive vitality evaluation via pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry. Moreover, novel findings about the influence the state of the pre-cultures have on main cultures are presented. The following sub-chapters deal with different photobioreactor-designs, with special regard to biofilm photobioreactors, as well as with heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation modes. The latter topic provides information from literature on successfully enhanced cyanobacterial production processes, augmented by own data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Witthohn
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
| | - Dorina Strieth
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jonas Kollmen
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Anna Schwarz
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
| | - Roland Ulber
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Kai Muffler
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Bingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
You X, Yang L, Zhou X, Zhang Y. Sustainability and carbon neutrality trends for microalgae-based wastewater treatment: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 209:112860. [PMID: 35123965 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As the global economy develops and the population increases, greenhouse gas emissions and wastewater discharge have become inevitable global problems. Conventional wastewater treatment processes produce direct or indirect greenhouse gas, which can intensify global warming. Microalgae-based wastewater treatment technology can not only purify wastewater and use the nutrients in wastewater to produce microalgae biomass, but it can also absorb CO2 in the atmosphere or flue gas through photosynthesis, which demonstrates great potential as a sustainable and economical wastewater treatment technology. This review highlights the multifaceted roles of microalgae in different types of wastewater treatment processes in terms of the extent of their bioremediation function and microalgae biomass production. In addition, various newly developed microalgae cultivation systems, especially biofilm cultivation systems, were further characterized systematically. The performance of different microalgae cultivation systems was studied and summarized. Current research on the technical approaches for the modification of the CO2 capture by microalgae and the maximization of CO2 transfer and conversion efficiency were also reviewed. This review serves as a useful and informative reference for the application of wastewater treatment and CO2 capture by microalgae, aiming to provide a reference for the realization of carbon neutrality in wastewater treatment systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogang You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Libin Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yalei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai, 200092, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Understanding photosynthetic biofilm productivity and structure through 2D simulation. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009904. [PMID: 35377868 PMCID: PMC9037940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a spatial model describing the growth of a photosynthetic microalgae biofilm. In this 2D-model we consider photosynthesis, cell carbon accumulation, extracellular matrix excretion, and mortality. The rate of each of these mechanisms is given by kinetic laws regulated by light, nitrate, oxygen and inorganic carbon. The model is based on mixture theory and the behaviour of each component is defined on one hand by mass conservation, which takes into account biological features of the system, and on the other hand by conservation of momentum, which expresses the physical properties of the components. The model simulates the biofilm structural dynamics following an initial colonization phase. It shows that a 75 μm thick active region drives the biofilm development. We then determine the optimal harvesting period and biofilm height which maximize productivity. Finally, different harvesting patterns are tested and their effect on biofilm structure are discussed. The optimal strategy differs whether the objective is to recover the total biofilm or just the algal biomass. Microalgae have many industrial applications, ranging from aquaculture, pharmaceutics, food industry to green energy. Planktonic cultivation of microalgae is energy-consuming. Growing them under a biofilm form is a new trend with attracting promises. Biofilms are complex heterogeneous ecosystems composed of microorganisms embedded within a self-produced extracellular matrix and stuck to a surface. Most of the studies have focused on bacterial biofilms and knowledge about microalgae biofilms is still very limited. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model describing microalgae biofilm development. We simulate in 1D and 2D the impact of harvesting conditions on biofilm productivity. In agreement with available experimental observations, we find that there exist optimal frequencies and patterns that optimize the productivity. We also show that the optimal conditions differ whether for maximizing the productivity of microalgae or of the whole biofilm.
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang Y, Ma R, Chu H, Zhou X, Yao T, Zhang Y. Evaluation of the performance of different membrane materials for microalgae cultivation on attached biofilm reactors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:1451-1459. [PMID: 35425202 PMCID: PMC8979103 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07335d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Attached microalgae production in wastewater is a promising method to further develop biofilm reactors by reducing economic costs associated with biomass separation and harvesting. However, the reliability of materials to support such adherence needs further investigation. Five common microfiltration membranes were evaluated in this study to assess their influence on the efficacy of harvesting Chlorella pyrenoidosa. The material-to-material, algae-to-algae, and algae-to-material interactions were studied based on the Extended Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, Overbeek (XDLVO) theory. The results showed that Chlorella pyrenoidosa was hydrophobic and that the algae particles derived from this algae type tended to agglomerate. Furthermore, the algae–membrane adhesion free energy further validated the accumulation of biomass in the experiments — the cellulose acetate nitrate (CACN) membrane and the cellulose acetate (CA) membrane obtained an optical biomass production of 59.93 and 51.27 g m−2. The presence of these interactions promoted the adhesion of more microalgae particles to the membrane. Moreover, the relationship between the algae–membrane and the distance at which the microalgae approached the membrane surface was simulated. The study indicated that the XDLVO theory could be successfully applied to the mechanism for the adhesion of the attached culture of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to the membrane material. Attached microalgae production in wastewater is a promising method to further develop biofilm reactors by reducing economic costs associated with biomass separation and harvesting.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| | - Huaqiang Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| | - Tianming Yao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China +86-21-65985811 +86-21-65983292
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang YN, Pang H, Yu C, Li C, Wang JH, Chi ZY, Xu YP, Li SY, Zhang Q, Che J. Growth and nutrients removal characteristics of attached Chlorella sp. using synthetic municipal secondary effluent with varied hydraulic retention times and biomass harvest intervals. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
14
|
Moreno Osorio JH, Pollio A, Frunzo L, Lens PNL, Esposito G. A Review of Microalgal Biofilm Technologies: Definition, Applications, Settings and Analysis. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2021.737710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-based algal cultivation has many advantages over the conventional suspended growth methods and has received increased attention as a potential platform for algal production, wastewater treatment (nutrient removal), and a potential pathway to supply feedstock for microalgae-based biorefinery attempts. However, the attached cultivation by definition and application is a result of a complex interaction between the biotic and abiotic components involved. Therefore, the entire understanding of the biofilm nature is still a research challenge due to the need for real-time analysis of the system. In this review, the state of the art of biofilm definition, its life cycle, the proposed designs of bioreactors, screening of carrier materials, and non-destructive techniques for the study of biofilm formation and performance are summarized. Perspectives for future research needs are also discussed to provide a primary reference for the further development of microalgal biofilm systems.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
In view of high energy cost and water consumption in microalgae cultivation, microalgal-biofilm-based cultivation system has been advocated as a solution toward a more sustainable and resource friendlier system for microalgal biomass production. Algal-derived extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) form cohesive network to interconnect the cells and substrates; however, their interactions within the biofilm are poorly understood. This scenario impedes the biofilm process development toward resource recovery. Herein, this review elucidates on various biofilm cultivation modes and contribution of EPS toward biofilm adhesion. Immobilized microalgae can be envisioned by the colloid interactions in terms of a balance of both dispersive and polar interactions among three interfaces (cells, mediums and substrates). Last portion of this review is dedicated to the future perspectives and challenges on the EPS; with regard to the biopolymers extraction, biopolymers’ functional description and cross-referencing between model biofilms and full-scale biofilm systems are evaluated. This review will serve as an informative reference for readers having interest in microalgal biofilm phenomenon by incorporating the three main players in attached cultivation systems: microalgae, EPS and supporting materials. The ability to mass produce these miniature cellular biochemical factories via immobilized biofilm technology will lay the groundwork for a more sustainable and feasible production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tong Cheah
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University of Science Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Derek Juinn Chieh Chan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Engineering Campus, University of Science Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Characterization of an Aerosol-Based Photobioreactor for Cultivation of Phototrophic Biofilms. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101046. [PMID: 34685417 PMCID: PMC8538940 DOI: 10.3390/life11101046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Phototrophic biofilms, in particular terrestrial cyanobacteria, offer a variety of biotechnologically interesting products such as natural dyes, antibiotics or dietary supplements. However, phototrophic biofilms are difficult to cultivate in submerged bioreactors. A new generation of biofilm photobioreactors imitates the natural habitat resulting in higher productivity. In this work, an aerosol-based photobioreactor is presented that was characterized for the cultivation of phototrophic biofilms. Experiments and simulation of aerosol distribution showed a uniform aerosol supply to biofilms. Compared to previous prototypes, the growth of the terrestrial cyanobacterium Nostoc sp. could be almost tripled. Different surfaces for biofilm growth were investigated regarding hydrophobicity, contact angle, light- and temperature distribution. Further, the results were successfully simulated. Finally, the growth of Nostoc sp. was investigated on different surfaces and the biofilm thickness was measured noninvasively using optical coherence tomography. It could be shown that the cultivation surface had no influence on biomass production, but did affect biofilm thickness.
Collapse
|
17
|
Effect of hydraulic retention time on the performance of trickling photo-bioreactor treating domestic wastewater: Removal of carbon, nutrients, and micropollutants. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
18
|
Chong JWR, Yew GY, Khoo KS, Ho SH, Show PL. Recent advances on food waste pretreatment technology via microalgae for source of polyhydroxyalkanoates. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112782. [PMID: 34052610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable and biocompatible polyester which are biosynthesized from the intracellular cells of microalgae through the cultivation of organic food waste medium. Before cultivation process, food waste must undergo several pre-treatment techniques such as chemical, biological, physical or mechanical in order to solubilize complex food waste matter into simpler micro- and macronutrients in which allow bio-valorisation of microalgae and food waste compound during the cultivation process. This work reviews four microalgae genera namely Chlamydomonas, Chlorella, Spirulina, and Botryococcus, are selected as suitable species due to rapid growth rate, minimal nutrient requirement, greater adaptability and flexibility prior to lower the overall production cost and maximized the production of PHAs. This study also focuses on the different mode of cultivation for the accumulation of PHAs followed by cell wall destabilization, extraction, and purification. Nonetheless, this review provides future insights into enhancing the productivity of bioplastic derived from microalgae towards low-cost, large-scale, and higher productivity of PHAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei Roy Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P.R. China; Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Guo Yong Yew
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Shih-Hsin Ho
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P.R. China
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fuchs T, Arnold ND, Garbe D, Deimel S, Lorenzen J, Masri M, Mehlmer N, Weuster-Botz D, Brück TB. A Newly Designed Automatically Controlled, Sterilizable Flat Panel Photobioreactor for Axenic Algae Culture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:697354. [PMID: 34277591 PMCID: PMC8280782 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.697354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In context of the global climate change, microalgae processes are gaining momentum as a biotechnological tool for direct fixation and valorization of greenhouse gases. Algae have the metabolic capacity to photosynthetically convert CO2 into high value products, such as food additives, under economic boundary conditions. High cost, commercial flat panel gas-lift bioreactors for microalgae cultivation at laboratory scale provide either small volumes or no sterile operation, which limits academic research. This brief report presents initial data for a new type of sterile operating flat panel gas-lift bioreactor with a unique asymmetrical U-shape. It utilizes automatable process control technologies that adhere to industrial standards to enhance data reproducibility and aid industrial scale up. The practicability was demonstrated using a Chlorella sorokiniana cultivation, which showed the typical growth behavior. Due to the sophisticated implemented control engineering technology, pivotal parameters as pH and temperature can be determined within a range of ±0.1 units, which was confirmed experimentally. The new flat panel gas-lift photobioreactor presented in this brief report fills the technology gap at laboratory scale with an autoclavable volume of 7.2 L. Moreover, it is easy to rebuild by means of the hereby provided blueprint, while exhibiting a six-fold cost reduction compared to commercially available flat panel photobioreactors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Fuchs
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,TUM-AlgaeTec Center, Technical University of Munich, Taufkirchen, Germany
| | - Nathanael D Arnold
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Daniel Garbe
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,TUM-AlgaeTec Center, Technical University of Munich, Taufkirchen, Germany
| | - Simon Deimel
- Bürkert Werke GmbH & Co., KG, Systemhaus Ingelfingen, Ingelfingen, Germany
| | - Jan Lorenzen
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Masri
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Dirk Weuster-Botz
- TUM-AlgaeTec Center, Technical University of Munich, Taufkirchen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas B Brück
- Werner Siemens-Chair of Synthetic Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.,TUM-AlgaeTec Center, Technical University of Munich, Taufkirchen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Surface attached cultivation and filtration of microalgal biofilm in a ceramic substrate photobioreactaor. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
21
|
Immobilising Microalgae and Cyanobacteria as Biocomposites: New Opportunities to Intensify Algae Biotechnology and Bioprocessing. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14092566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a groundswell of interest in applying phototrophic microorganisms, specifically microalgae and cyanobacteria, for biotechnology and ecosystem service applications. However, there are inherent challenges associated with conventional routes to their deployment (using ponds, raceways and photobioreactors) which are synonymous with suspension cultivation techniques. Cultivation as biofilms partly ameliorates these issues; however, based on the principles of process intensification, by taking a step beyond biofilms and exploiting nature inspired artificial cell immobilisation, new opportunities become available, particularly for applications requiring extensive deployment periods (e.g., carbon capture and wastewater bioremediation). We explore the rationale for, and approaches to immobilised cultivation, in particular the application of latex-based polymer immobilisation as living biocomposites. We discuss how biocomposites can be optimised at the design stage based on mass transfer limitations. Finally, we predict that biocomposites will have a defining role in realising the deployment of metabolically engineered organisms for real world applications that may tip the balance of risk towards their environmental deployment.
Collapse
|
22
|
Legrand J, Artu A, Pruvost J. A review on photobioreactor design and modelling for microalgae production. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00450b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
From the cell to the photobioreactor and to the industrial exploitation of microalgae, through the controlled experiments and modelling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Legrand
- University of Nantes
- CNRS, ONIRIS, GEPEA, UMR6144
- 44602 Saint-Nazaire Cedex
- France
| | - Arnaud Artu
- Total, Direction générale Raffinage-Chimie
- Division Biofuels
- Tour Coupole
- 92078 Paris La Défense
- France
| | - Jérémy Pruvost
- University of Nantes
- CNRS, ONIRIS, GEPEA, UMR6144
- 44602 Saint-Nazaire Cedex
- France
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tsavatopoulou VD, Manariotis ID. The effect of surface properties on the formation of Scenedesmus rubescens biofilm. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
24
|
Zhang J, Perré P. Gas production reveals the metabolism of immobilized Chlorella vulgaris during different trophic modes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 315:123842. [PMID: 32717521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation modes of Chlorella vulgaris, a potential source of biofuel and CO2 mitigation, was studied in immobilized cultures. The gas concentration (O2 and CO2) was measured thanks to an original device manufactured using 3D printing. The biomass was monitored by 3D imaging and image processing. Net O2 and CO2 sources were obtained by a balance equation considering a calibrated leakage and the dissolved gas. Combined experimental and theoretical gas yields (mass of gas per mass of biomass), the photosynthesis proportion of mixotrophic colony was determined. Its increase with light intensity is not linear. Therefore, the highest light intensity (104μmol∙m-2∙s-1) revealed the limit of photosynthesis potential in the growth of mixotrophic colony. In the presence of light, the colony adopts a cylindrical shape instead of a spherical cap. This study proposed mechanisms of synergy inside the colony for heterotrophic and mixotrophic modes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France
| | - Patrick Perré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire de Génie des Procédés et Matériaux, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Centre Européen de Biotechnologie et de Bioéconomie (CEBB), 3 rue des Rouges Terres, 51110 Pomacle, France.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ramli NM, Verreth JAJ, Yusoff FM, Nurulhuda K, Nagao N, Verdegem MCJ. Integration of Algae to Improve Nitrogenous Waste Management in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:1004. [PMID: 33015002 PMCID: PMC7498764 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.01004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This review investigates the performance and the feasibility of the integration of an algal reactor in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). The number of studies related to this topic is limited, despite the apparent benefit of algae that can assimilate part of the inorganic waste in RAS. We identified two major challenges related to algal integration in RAS: first, the practical feasibility for improving nitrogen removal performance by algae in RAS; second, the economic feasibility of integrating an algal reactor in RAS. The main factors that determine high algal nitrogen removal rates are light and hydraulic retention time (HRT). Besides these factors, nitrogen-loading rates and RAS configuration could be important to ensure algal performance in nitrogen removal. Since nitrogen removal rate by algae is determined by HRT, this will affect the size (area or volume) of the algal reactor due to the time required for nutrient uptake by algae and large surface area needed to capture enough light. Constraints related to design, space, light capture, and reactor management could incur additional cost for aquaculture production. However, the increased purification of RAS wastewater could reduce the cost of water discharge in places where this is subject to levees. We believe that an improved understanding of how to manage the algal reactor and technological advancement of culturing algae, such as improved algal reactor design and low-cost artificial light, will increase the practical and economic feasibility of algal integration in RAS, thus improving the potential of mass cultivation of algae in RAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norulhuda Mohamed Ramli
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - J A J Verreth
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Fatimah M Yusoff
- International Institute of Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Port Dickson, Malaysia.,Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - K Nurulhuda
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - N Nagao
- Bluescientific Shinkamigoto Co. Ltd. (BSCIS), Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Marc C J Verdegem
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chuka-ogwude D, Ogbonna J, Moheimani NR. A review on microalgal culture to treat anaerobic digestate food waste effluent. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
27
|
Light-Emitting Diode Power Conversion Capability and CO2 Fixation Rate of Microalgae Biofilm Cultured Under Different Light Spectra. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13071536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae biofilm-based culture has attracted much interest due to its high harvest efficiency and low energy requirements. Using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light source for microalgae culture has been considered as a promising choice to enhance the economic feasibility of microalgae-based commodities. In this work, the LED power conversion capability and CO2 fixation rate of microalgae biofilms (Chlorella ellipsoidea and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) cultured under different light spectra (white, blue, green and red) were studied. The results indicated that the power-to-biomass conversion capabilities of these two microalgae biofilms cultured under blue and white LEDs were much higher than those under green and red LEDs (C. ellipsoidea: 32%–33% higher, C. pyrenoidosa: 34%–46% higher), and their power-to-lipid conversion capabilities cultured under blue LEDs were 61%–66% higher than those under green LEDs. The CO2 fixation rates of these two biofilms cultured under blue LEDs were 13% and 31% higher, respectively, than those under green LEDs. The results of this study have important implications for selecting the optimal energy-efficient LEDs using in microalgae biofilm-based culture systems.
Collapse
|
28
|
Characterization of CO2 fixation on algal biofilms with an infrared gas analyzer and importance of a space-rich structure on the surface. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2020.101814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
29
|
Zhang Q, Yu Z, Jin S, Liu C, Li Y, Guo D, Hu M, Ruan R, Liu Y. Role of surface roughness in the algal short-term cell adhesion and long-term biofilm cultivation under dynamic flow condition. ALGAL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
30
|
Cheung SL, Allen DG, Short SM. Specific quantification of Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris in mixed-species algal biofilms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 295:122251. [PMID: 31630002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two TaqMan® qPCR assays were developed to specifically quantify the absolute abundance of Scenedesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris in mixed-species algal biofilms by targeting the psbA gene. Standard curves were developed with amplification efficiencies of 92.4% and 96.6% for S. obliquus and C. vulgaris, respectively, and an R2 value of 0.99 for both. Calibration curves for estimating absolute cell abundances resulted in slopes of 0.98 and 1.11 for C. vulgaris and S. obliquus, respectively, and an R2 value of 0.95 for both. The assays were applied to cultivated mixed-species biofilms and approximately 107 cells of each algal species were quantified when 107 cells were added into biofilms. The developed qPCR assays were concluded to be specific and accurate for the quantification of S. obliquus and C. vulgaris in mixed-species biofilms. This will contribute to the control and optimization of algal cultivation systems for the production of algal biofuels and bioproducts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Cheung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry at the University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto M5S 3E5, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Grant Allen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry at the University of Toronto, 200 College St, Toronto M5S 3E5, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven M Short
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road North, Mississauga L5L 1C6, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Di Caprio F, Altimari P, Pagnanelli F. New strategies enhancing feasibility of microalgal cultivations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64337-7.00016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
|
32
|
Salmean C, Bonilla S, Azimi Y, Aitchison JS, Allen DG. Design and testing of an externally-coupled planar waveguide photobioreactor. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Grenier J, Bonnefond H, Lopes F, Bernard O. The impact of light supply to moving photosynthetic biofilms. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
34
|
Enhancing Scenedesmus obliquus biofilm growth and CO2 fixation in a gas-permeable membrane photobioreactor integrated with additional rough surface. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
35
|
Moreno Osorio JH, Pinto G, Pollio A, Frunzo L, Lens PNL, Esposito G. Start-up of a nutrient removal system using Scenedesmus vacuolatus and Chlorella vulgaris biofilms. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
|
36
|
Ma Z, Ahmed F, Yuan B, Zhang W. Fresh living Arthrospira as dietary supplements: Current status and challenges. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
37
|
Mantzorou A, Ververidis F. Microalgal biofilms: A further step over current microalgal cultivation techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 651:3187-3201. [PMID: 30463168 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The scientific community has turned its interest to microalgae lately, because of their countless applications such as wastewater treatment and pharmaceutical industry. Nevertheless, so far applied cultivation methods are still prohibitive. Ordinary cultivation techniques in which microalgae are suspended in liquid medium suffer from many bottlenecks, such as low biomass productivities, difficulty in biomass harvesting and recovery, high installation and operating cost, high water requirements etc. Although, microalgal biofilms are known to be a nuisance because of surfaces fouling, they have emerged as an innovative technology with which microalgae are developed attached to a solid surface. This technique seems to be advantageous as compared to conventional cultivation systems. Microalgal biofilm systems could resolve the problematic aspects of ordinary cultivation techniques such as low biomass productivities, water management and biomass recovery. A detailed description of this technique with respect to the parameters affecting them is reviewed in this work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Mantzorou
- Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Biological and Biotechnological Applications Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Filippos Ververidis
- Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology Group, Biological and Biotechnological Applications Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Behera B, Acharya A, Gargey IA, Aly N, P B. Bioprocess engineering principles of microalgal cultivation for sustainable biofuel production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
39
|
Ekins-Coward T, Boodhoo KVK, Velasquez-Orta S, Caldwell G, Wallace A, Barton R, Flickinger MC. A Microalgae Biocomposite-Integrated Spinning Disk Bioreactor (SDBR): Toward a Scalable Engineering Approach for Bioprocess Intensification in Light-Driven CO 2 Absorption Applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b05487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thea Ekins-Coward
- Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Kamelia V. K. Boodhoo
- Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Velasquez-Orta
- Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, Merz Court, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Caldwell
- Marine Science, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Ridley Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom, NE1 7RU
| | - Adam Wallace
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Engineering Building 1, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Ryan Barton
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Engineering Building 1, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Michael C. Flickinger
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Engineering Building 1, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
- Golden LEAF Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center, BTEC, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bodénès P, Wang HY, Lee TH, Chen HY, Wang CY. Microfluidic techniques for enhancing biofuel and biorefinery industry based on microalgae. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2019; 12:33. [PMID: 30815031 PMCID: PMC6376642 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-019-1369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a critical assessment of emerging microfluidic technologies for the application on biological productions of biofuels and other chemicals from microalgae. Comparisons of cell culture designs for the screening of microalgae strains and growth conditions are provided with three categories: mechanical traps, droplets, or microchambers. Emerging technologies for the in situ characterization of microalgae features and metabolites are also presented and evaluated. Biomass and secondary metabolite productivities obtained at microscale are compared with the values obtained at bulk scale to assess the feasibility of optimizing large-scale operations using microfluidic platforms. The recent studies in microsystems for microalgae pretreatment, fractionation and extraction of metabolites are also reviewed. Finally, comments toward future developments (high-pressure/-temperature process; solvent-resistant devices; omics analysis, including genome/epigenome, proteome, and metabolome; biofilm reactors) of microfluidic techniques for microalgae applications are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bodénès
- Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hua Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Chen
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Wang
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Molecular machinery of auxin synthesis, secretion, and perception in the unicellular chlorophyte alga Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205227. [PMID: 30532131 PMCID: PMC6287815 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole-3-acetic acid is a ubiquitous small molecule found in all domains of life. It is the predominant and most active auxin in seed plants, where it coordinates a variety of complex growth and development processes. The potential origin of auxin signaling in algae remains a matter of some controversy. In order to clarify the evolutionary context of algal auxin signaling, we undertook a genomic survey to assess whether auxin acts as a signaling molecule in the emerging model chlorophyte Chlorella sorokiniana UTEX 1230. C. sorokiniana produces the auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), which was present in both the cell pellet and in the supernatant at a concentration of ~ 1 nM, and its genome encodes orthologs of genes related to auxin synthesis, transport, and signaling in higher plants. Candidate orthologs for the canonical AUX/IAA signaling pathway were not found; however, auxin-binding protein 1 (ABP1), an alternate auxin receptor, is present and highly conserved at essential auxin binding and zinc coordinating residues. Additionally, candidate orthologs for PIN proteins, responsible for intercellular, vectorial auxin transport in higher plants, were not found, but PILs (PIN-Like) proteins, a recently discovered family that mediates intracellular auxin transport, were identified. The distribution of auxin related gene in this unicellular chlorophyte demonstrates that a core suite of auxin signaling components was present early in the evolution of plants. Understanding the simplified auxin signaling pathways in chlorophytes will aid in understanding phytohormone signaling and crosstalk in seed plants, and in understanding the diversification and integration of developmental signals during the evolution of multicellular plants.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang X, Yuan H, Jiang Z, Lin D, Zhang X. Impact of surface tension of wastewater on biofilm formation of microalgae Chlorella sp. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 266:498-506. [PMID: 29990766 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The organic matter and surfactants in wastewater may cause variations in the surface tension of wastewater (STW) ranging between ∼40 and ∼70 mJ·m-2. This study focused on the influence of STW on microalgae biofilm formation. A theoretical analysis was first conducted, and then microalgae biofilm formation on hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrata in liquid and real wastewater with different surface tensions was studied. The results demonstrated that STW affected microalgae biofilm formation remarkably. When the surface tension of liquid medium (γlv) was approximately equal to the average value of surface free energy of microalgae and substrata, biofilm formation reached the minimum. Microalgae biofilm formation on a hydrophilic surface first decreased (from ∼2200 to ∼1500 cells/mm2) and then increased (from ∼1500 to 3100 cells/mm2) with the decrease in γlv (from ∼70 to ∼40 mJ·m-2), whereas biofilm on a hydrophobic surface continued to decrease (from ∼2500 to 1000 cells/mm2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Engineering Research Center of Energy Saving and Environmental Protection, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zeyi Jiang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Dahao Lin
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rohit MV, Venkata Mohan S. Quantum Yield and Fatty Acid Profile Variations With Nutritional Mode During Microalgae Cultivation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:111. [PMID: 30320078 PMCID: PMC6167444 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgae are gaining commercial interests in the areas food, feed and biofuel sector. They have intrinsic ability to harness energy from sunlight and photosynthetically valorize CO2 into various bio-based products viz., triacylglycerols (TAGs), mono/poly-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA, PUFA), pigments etc. Microalgae have adapted to grow in various nutritional environments due to their metabolic versatility and resilience. Strategic evaluation of newly isolated strain Chlorella sp. from a residential lake was performed. The strain was investigated by varying the nutritional modes to gain insights into biomass and fatty acids production. Maximum biomass (3.59 g/L) was observed in mixotrophic condition followed by heterotrophic (1.58 g/L) and autotrophic condition (0.59 g/L). The maximum lipid yield (670 mg/g DCW) was observed in mixotrophic condition whereas maximum total lipid content (36%) was observed in heterotrophic condition. Significant correlation was noticed between fluorescence parameters measured by OJIP and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) with the function of nutritional mode variations. Autotrophic condition showed higher photosynthetic activity which was well correlated with high fluorescence intensity as represented by OJIP, NPQ1, and NPQ2 curves. Good balance of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and unsaturated fatty acids was observed in autotrophic mode, whereas polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and mono unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content were relatively higher in mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. V. Rohit
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy for Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - S. Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, EEFF Centre, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
- Academy for Scientific and Industrial Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mixotrophic Microalgae Biofilm: A Novel Algae Cultivation Strategy for Improved Productivity and Cost-efficiency of Biofuel Feedstock Production. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12528. [PMID: 30131525 PMCID: PMC6104096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31016-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we studied a novel algae cultivation strategy, mixotrophic microalgae biofilm, to improve the productivity and cost-efficiency of algal biofuel production. In contrast to previous methods, this improved approach can achieve high productivity at low cost by harnessing the benefits of mixotrophic growth’s high efficiency, i.e., capable of subsisting on inorganic and organic carbons thus unaffected by limited light, and microalgae biofilm’s low harvesting cost. Our results, as one of the first studies of this type, proved that microalgae biofilms under mixotrophic condition exhibited significantly higher productivity and quality of biofuel feedstock: 2–3 times higher of biomass yield, 2–10 times higher of lipid accumulation, and 40–60% lower of ash content when compared to microalgae biofilms under autotrophic condition. In addition, we investigated the impact of cell-surface properties (hydrophobicity and roughness) on the growth activities of microalgae biofilms and found that the productivity of mixotrophic biofilms was significantly correlated with the surface hydrophobicity. Finally, our work demonstrated the applicability of integrating this novel cultivation method with wastewater for maximum efficiency. This study opens a new possibility to solve the long-lasting challenges of algal biofuel feedstock production, i.e., low productivity and high cost of algal cultivation.
Collapse
|
45
|
Abinandan S, Subashchandrabose SR, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Nutrient removal and biomass production: advances in microalgal biotechnology for wastewater treatment. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1244-1260. [PMID: 29768936 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1472066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Owing to certain drawbacks, such as energy-intensive operations in conventional modes of wastewater treatment (WWT), there has been an extensive search for alternative strategies in treatment technology. Biological modes for treating wastewaters are one of the finest technologies in terms of economy and efficiency. An integrated biological approach with chemical flocculation is being conventionally practiced in several-sewage and effluent treatment plants around the world. Overwhelming responsiveness to treat wastewaters especially by using microalgae is due to their simplest photosynthetic mechanism and ease of acclimation to various habitats. Microalgal technology, also known as phycoremediation, has been in use for WWT since 1950s. Various strategies for the cultivation of microalgae in WWT systems are evolving faster. However, the availability of innovative approaches for maximizing the treatment efficiency, coupled with biomass productivity, remains the major bottleneck for commercialization of microalgal technology. Investment costs and invasive parameters also delimit the use of microalgae in WWT. This review critically discusses the merits and demerits of microalgal cultivation strategies recently developed for maximum pollutant removal as well as biomass productivity. Also, the potential of algal biofilm technology in pollutant removal, and harvesting the microalgal biomass using different techniques have been highlighted. Finally, an economic assessment of the currently available methods has been made to validate microalgal cultivation in wastewater at the commercial level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudharsanam Abinandan
- a Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Research and Innovation Division, Faculty of Science , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| | - Suresh R Subashchandrabose
- a Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Research and Innovation Division, Faculty of Science , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia.,b Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE) , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| | | | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- a Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Research and Innovation Division, Faculty of Science , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia.,b Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of Environment (CRC CARE) , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Electrochemical Characterisation of Bio-Bottle-Voltaic (BBV) Systems Operated with Algae and Built with Recycled Materials. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:biology7020026. [PMID: 29673222 PMCID: PMC6023005 DOI: 10.3390/biology7020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photobioelectrochemical systems are an emerging possibility for renewable energy. By exploiting photosynthesis, they transform the energy of light into electricity. This study evaluates a simple, scalable bioelectrochemical system built from recycled plastic bottles, equipped with an anode made from recycled aluminum, and operated with the green alga Chlorella sorokiniana. We tested whether such a system, referred to as a bio-bottle-voltaic (BBV) device, could operate outdoors for a prolonged time period of 35 days. Electrochemical characterisation was conducted by measuring the drop in potential between the anode and the cathode, and this value was used to calculate the rate of charge accumulation. The BBV systems were initially able to deliver ~500 mC·bottle−1·day−1, which increased throughout the experimental run to a maximum of ~2000 mC·bottle−1·day−1. The electrical output was consistently and significantly higher than that of the abiotic BBV system operated without algal cells (~100 mC·bottle−1·day−1). The analysis of the rate of algal biomass accumulation supported the hypothesis that harvesting a proportion of electrons from the algal cells does not significantly perturb the rate of algal growth. Our finding demonstrates that bioelectrochemical systems can be built using recycled components. Prototypes of these systems have been displayed in public events; they could serve as educational toolkits in schools and could also offer a solution for powering low-energy devices off-grid.
Collapse
|
47
|
Enhancing lipid production in attached culture of a thermotolerant microalga Desmodesmus sp. F51 using light-related strategies. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
48
|
Wyman V, Henríquez J, Palma C, Carvajal A. Lignocellulosic waste valorisation strategy through enzyme and biogas production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 234:327-335. [PMID: 28961446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic wastes are generally pre-treated to facilitate the hydrolysis stage during the anaerobic digestion process. A process consisting of solid state fermentation carried out by white rot fungi and anaerobic digestion was evaluated on corn stover to produce ligninolytic enzymes and biogas. The enzyme production was quantified every 3d for a month at 30°C, and three fungal strains and two particle sizes of waste were compared. Of the main outcomes, Pleurotus eryngii produced the highest laccase enzyme activity compared with Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor. Furthermore, this activity was improved by 16% when copper was used as an enzyme inducer. On the other hand, most of the conditions studied showed a decrease in maximum biogas production compared with untreated waste, the addition of copper decreased biogas production by 20%. Despite the above, Pleurotus eryngii showed promising results allowing a 19% increase of biogas production and high enzyme production values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Wyman
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago, Chile
| | - Josefa Henríquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolyn Palma
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Carvajal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Av. Vicuña Mackenna 3939, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Strieth D, Ulber R, Muffler K. Application of phototrophic biofilms: from fundamentals to processes. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:295-312. [PMID: 29198024 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Biotechnological production of valuables by microorganisms is commonly achieved by cultivating the cells as suspended solids in an appropriate liquid medium. However, the main portion of these organisms features a surface-attached growth in their native habitats. The utilization of such biofilms shows significant challenges, e.g. concerning control of pH, nutrient supply, and heat/mass transfer. But the use of biofilms might also enable novel and innovative production processes addressing robustness and strength of the applied biocatalyst, for example if variable conditions might occur in the process or a feedstock (substrate) is changed in its composition. Besides the robustness of a biofilm, the high density of the immobilized biocatalyst facilitates a simple separation of the catalyst and the extracellular product, whereas intracellular target compounds occur in a concentrated form; thus, expenses for downstream processing can be drastically reduced. While phototrophic organisms feature a fabulous spectrum of metabolites ranging from biofuels to biologically active compounds, the low cell density of phototrophic suspension cultures is still limiting their application for production processes. The review is focusing on pro- and eukaryotic microalgae featuring the production of valuable compounds and highlights requirements for their cultivation as phototrophic biofilms, i.e. setup as well as operation of biofilm reactors, and modeling of phototrophic growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Strieth
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - R Ulber
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 49, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - K Muffler
- Department of Life Sciences and Engineering, University of Applied Sciences Bingen, Berlinstr. 109, 55411, Bingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang J, Liu W, Liu T. Biofilm based attached cultivation technology for microalgal biorefineries-A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1245-1253. [PMID: 28576483 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The attached cultivation for microalga has many superiorities over the conventional aqua-suspend methods, which make it a promising pathway to supply feedstock for microalgae based bio-refinery attempts. In this review, the current reports on bioreactor, application, modeling, substratum material and engineering aspects were summarized and the future research and developments should be focused on the following aspects: 1) Build principles and guidelines for rational structure design by studying the relationship of physiological properties with typical structures and light regimes; 2) Set up theory foundation of substratum material selection by studying the physic-chemical properties of algal cells and substratum materials; 3) Further understanding the mass transfer behaviors of both CO2 and nutrients in biofilm for enhanced growth rate and products accumulation; 4) New equipment and machines for inoculation, harvesting and moisture keeping should be developed and integrated with bioreactor structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China
| | - Wen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tianzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|