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Dai T, Ma C, Zhang F, Wang H, Ma Z, Wang H, Wen Y, Chen L. The Efficacy and Safety of an Intra-articular Dual-Acting Antibacterial Agent (TNP-2092) for Implant Infection-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1658-1668. [PMID: 38147364 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the presence of microbial biofilm on the implant, the eradication of biofilm-associated infections poses a challenge for antibiotic therapies. The study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of the novel antibiotic agent TNP-2092 in the context of implant infections. In vivo, rats with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) treated with antibiotics showed an increase in body weight and decrease in swelling, temperature, and width of knee, compared with the control group. Meanwhile, inflammatory markers in synovium and serum were decreased in the TNP-2092 group, consistent with the pathological results. Moreover, TNP-2092 was effective in eliminating bacteria and disruption biofilm formation, and further alleviated the abnormal bone absorption and reactive bone changes around the prosthesis. In conclusion, intra-articular injection of TNP-2092 is safe and effective in treating knee PJI in a rat model. The study provides a foundation for the future utilization of TNP-2092 in the management of implant-related infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Dai
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
| | - Chi Ma
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou
| | - Fan Zhang
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan
| | - Zhenkun Ma
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, TenNor Therapeutics, Suzhou
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, TenNor Therapeutics, Suzhou
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
- Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
- Joint Disease Research Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Yang R, Zhang H, Marfavi Z, Lv Q, Han Y, Sun K, Yuan C, Tao K. Infiltrating Perfluorocarbon Nanoemulsion and Sensitizing Ultrasound Cavitation to Eradicate Biofilms. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:3126-3138. [PMID: 38191301 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Developing strategies for the treatment of bacterial biofilms is challenging due to their complex and resilient structure, low permeability to therapeutics, and ability to protect resident pathogens. Herein, we demonstrate that a polylysine-stabilized perfluorocarbon nanoemulsion is favored for penetrating biofilms and sensitizing the cavitation effect of low-intensity ultrasound, resulting in the dispersal of extracellular polymeric substances and killing of the protected cells. Through experiments, we observed a complete penetration of the nanoemulsion in a 40 μm Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm and demonstrated that it was induced by the fluidic perfluorocarbon, possibly attributing to its low surface tension. Furthermore, we presented an almost complete antibiofilm effect with a low-intensity ultrasound (1 MHz, 0.75 W/cm2, 5 min) in diverse cases, including cultured biofilms, colonized urinary catheters, and chronic wounds. During the treatment process, the perfluorocarbon phase enhanced the number and imploding energy of ultrasound cavities, thoroughly divided the biofilm structure, prevented biofilm self-healing, and sterilized the resident pathogens. Thus, the penetration and sensitization of the nanoemulsion might serve as a facile and potent strategy for eradicating biofilms in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihao Yang
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Zeinab Marfavi
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Quanjie Lv
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Han
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Kang Sun
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Congli Yuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
| | - Ke Tao
- State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China
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3
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Xia W, Li N, Shan H, Lin Y, Yin F, Yu X, Zhou Z. Gallium Porphyrin and Gallium Nitrate Reduce the High Vancomycin Tolerance of MRSA Biofilms by Promoting Extracellular DNA-Dependent Biofilm Dispersion. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2565-2582. [PMID: 34346692 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms, structured communities of bacterial cells embedded in a self-produced extracellular matrix (ECM) which consists of proteins, polysaccharide intercellular adhesins (PIAs), and extracellular DNA (eDNA), play a key role in clinical infections and are associated with an increased morbidity and mortality by protecting the embedded bacteria against drug and immune response. The high levels of antibiotic tolerance render classical antibiotic therapies impractical for biofilm-related infections. Thus, novel drugs and strategies are required to reduce biofilm tolerance and eliminate biofilm-protected bacteria. Here, we showed that gallium, an iron mimetic metal, can lead to nutritional iron starvation and act as dispersal agent triggering the reconstruction and dispersion of mature methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms in an eDNA-dependent manner. The extracellular matrix, along with the integral bacteria themselves, establishes the integrated three-dimensional structure of the mature biofilm. The structures and compositions of gallium-treated mature biofilms differed from those of natural or antibiotic-survived mature biofilms but were similar to those of immature biofilms. Similar to immature biofilms, gallium-treated biofilms had lower levels of antibiotic tolerance, and our in vitro tests showed that treatment with gallium agents reduced the antibiotic tolerance of mature MRSA biofilms. Thus, the sequential administration of gallium agents (gallium porphyrin and gallium nitrate) and relatively low concentrations of vancomycin (16 mg/L) effectively eliminated mature MRSA biofilms and eradicated biofilm-enclosed bacteria within 1 week. Our results suggested that gallium agents may represent a potential treatment for refractory biofilm-related infections, such as prosthetic joint infections (PJI) and osteomyelitis, and provide a novel basis for future biofilm treatments based on the disruption of normal biofilm-development processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Xia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Niya Li
- Department of Laboratory, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital East Affiliated to Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Haojie Shan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwei Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Fuli Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zubin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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4
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Maisuls I, Singh J, Salto IP, Steiner ST, Kirse TM, Niemann S, Strassert CA, Faust A. Conjugated Pt(II) Complexes as Luminescence-Switch-On Reporters Addressing the Microenvironment of Bacterial Biofilms. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11058-11069. [PMID: 34255500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis, structural and photophysical characterization of six phosphorescent H2O-soluble Pt(II) complexes are reported while addressing their emission maxima, photoluminescence quantum yields (ΦL), lifetimes (τ), aggregation tendency, and microenvironment sensitivity as a function of the substitution pattern on the main tridentate luminophore. Different ancillary ligands, namely, a trisulfonated phosphane and maltohexaose-conjugated pyridines (with or without amide bridges), were introduced and evaluated for the realization of switch-on-photoluminescent labels reporting on the microenvironment sensed in biofilms of Gram+ and Gram- models, namely, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. With the aid of confocal luminescence micro(spectro)scopy, we observed that selected complexes specifically interact with the biofilms while leaving planktonic cells unlabeled. By using photoluminescence lifetime imaging microscopy, excited-state lifetimes within S. aureus biofilms were measured. The photoluminescence intensities were drastically boosted, and the excited state lifetimes were significantly prolonged upon binding to the viscous biofilm matrix, mainly due to the suppression of radiationless deactivation pathways upon shielding from physical quenching processes, such as interactions with solvent molecules and 3O2. The best performances were attained for non-aggregating complexes with maltohexaose targeting units and without amide bridges. Notably, in the absence of the maltodextrin, a hydrophobic adamantyl moiety suffices to attain a sizeable labeling capacity. Moreover, photoluminescence studies showed that selected complexes can also effectively interact with E. coli biofilms, where the bacterial cells are able to partially uptake the maltodextrin-based agents. In summary, the herein introduced concepts enable the development of specific biofilm reporters providing spatial resolution as well as lifetime- and spectrum-based readouts. Considering that most theragnostic agents reported so far mainly address metabolically active bacteria at the surface of biofilms but without reaching cells deeply immersed in the matrix, a new platform with a clear structure-property correlation is provided for the early detection of such bacterial arrays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jasveer Singh
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ileana P Salto
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Simon T Steiner
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48159 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas M Kirse
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Silke Niemann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Domagkstr. 10, 48149 Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, CiMiC, SoN and CeNTech, Wesfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Waldeyerstr. 15, 48159 Münster, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Sequential Hypertonic-Hypotonic Treatment Enhances Efficacy of Antibiotic against Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilm Communities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110832. [PMID: 33233331 PMCID: PMC7700435 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections with bacterial biofilm communities are highly tolerant of antibiotics. This protection is attributed, in part, to a hydrated extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) that surrounds the bacterial community and that limits antibiotic diffusion. In this study, we evaluated whether it is possible to dehydrate and then re-hydrate a biofilm as a means to increase antibiotic penetration and efficacy. Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms (24 h) were exposed to hypertonic concentrations of maltodextrin, sucrose or polyethylene glycol (PEG) as the dehydration step. These biofilms were then washed with deionized water containing 10 times the concentration of antibiotics needed to kill these bacteria in broth culture (50 µg/mL tobramycin, 300 µg/mL chloramphenicol, 20 µg/mL ciprofloxacin or 100 µg/mL erythromycin) as the rehydration step. Biofilms were then harvested, and the number of viable cells was determined. Sequential treatment with PEG and tobramycin reduced cell counts 4 to 7 log (p < 0.05) relative to combining PEG and tobramycin in a single treatment, and 3 to 7 log relative to tobramycin treatment alone (p < 0.05). Results were variable for other osmotic compounds and antibiotics depending on the concentrations used, likely related to mass and hydrophobicity. Our findings support future clinical evaluation of sequential regimens of hypertonic and hypotonic solutions to enhance antibiotic efficacy against chronic biofilm infections.
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Bello-López JM, López-Ornelas A, Vilchis-Rangel RE, Ribas-Aparicio RM, Del-Moral P, Donis-Rocandio JE, Cueto J, Aparicio-Ozores G, Moreno J. In vitro bactericidal activity of a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide for the treatment of chronic wounds. J Med Microbiol 2020; 69:874-880. [PMID: 32459619 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Biological adhesives and effective topical therapeutic agents that improve wound healing are urgently required for the treatment of chronic ulcers. A biodegradable adhesive based on a carbohydrate polymer with zinc oxide (CPZO) was shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity and enhance wound healing, but its bactericidal activity was unknown.Aim. To investigate the bactericidal activity of CPZO against bacteria commonly present as infectious agents in chronic wounds.Methodology. We examined the bactericidal activity of CPZO against three biofilm-producing bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) through three strategies: bacterial suspension, biofilm disruption and in vitro wound biofilm model.Results. In suspension cultures, CPZO had direct, potent bactericidal action against S. aureus within 24 h, whereas E. coli took 7 days to be eliminated. By contrast, P. aeruginosa survived up to 14 days with CPZO. CPZO had biofilm disruption activity against clinical isolates of S. aureus in the anti-biofilm test. Finally, in the in vitro wound biofilm model, CPZO dramatically reduced the bacterial viability of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.Conclusions. Together with its previously shown anti-inflammatory properties, the bactericidal activity of CPZO gives it the potential to be a first-line therapeutic option for chronic various ulcers and, possibly, other chronic ulcers, preventing or controlling microbial infections, and leading to the healing of such complicated chronic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodolfo Erik Vilchis-Rangel
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pamela Del-Moral
- Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jenny Elizabeth Donis-Rocandio
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jorge Cueto
- Health Sciences Faculty, Anahuac University, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores
- Department of Microbiology, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Moreno
- Direction of Research, Hospital Juárez de México, Cuidad de México, Mexico
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7
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Ben-Sahil A, Mohamed A, Beyenal H. Three-dimensional biofilm image reconstruction for assessing structural parameters. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:2460-2468. [PMID: 32339263 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Parameters representing three-dimensional (3D) biofilm structure are quantified from confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM) images. These 3D parameters describe the distribution of biomass pixels within the space occupied by a biofilm; however, they lack a direct connection to biofilm activity. As a result, researchers choose a handful of parameters without there being a consensus on a standard set of parameters. We hypothesized that a select 3D parameter set could be used to reconstruct a biofilm image and that the reconstructed and original biofilm images would have similar activities. To test this hypothesis, an algorithm was developed to reconstruct a biofilm image with parameters identical to those of the original CLSM image. We introduced an objective method to assess the reconstruction algorithm by comparing the activities of the original and reconstructed biofilm images. We found that biofilm images with identical structural parameters showed nearly identical activities and substrate concentration profiles. This implies that the set containing all common structural parameters can successfully describe biofilm structure. This finding is significant, as it opens the door to the next step, of finding a smaller standard set of biofilm structural parameters that can be used to compare biofilm structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ben-Sahil
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
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8
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Simkins JW, Stewart PS, Codd SL, Seymour JD. Non-invasive imaging of oxygen concentration in a complex in vitro biofilm infection model using 19 F MRI: Persistence of an oxygen sink despite prolonged antibiotic therapy. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:2248-2256. [PMID: 31373035 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxygen availability is a critical determinant of microbial biofilm activity and antibiotic susceptibility. However, measuring oxygen gradients in these systems remains difficult, with the standard microelectrode approach being both invasive and limited to single-point measurement. The goal of the study was to develop a 19 F MRI approach for 2D oxygen mapping in biofilm systems and to visualize oxygen consumption behavior in real time during antibiotic therapy. METHODS Oxygen-sensing beads were created by encapsulating an emulsion of oxygen-sensing fluorocarbon into alginate gel. Escherichia coli biofilms were grown in and on the alginate matrix, which was contained inside a packed bed column subjected to nutrient flow, mimicking the complex porous structure of human wound tissue, and subjected to antibiotic challenge. RESULTS The linear relationship between 19 F spin-lattice relaxation rate R1 and local oxygen concentration permitted noninvasive spatial mapping of oxygen distribution in real time over the course of biofilm growth and subsequent antibiotic challenge. This technique was used to visualize persistence of microbial oxygen respiration during continuous gentamicin administration, providing a time series of complete spatial maps detailing the continued bacterial utilization of oxygen during prolonged chemotherapy in an in vitro biofilm model with complex spatial structure. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotic exposure temporarily causes oxygen consumption to enter a pseudosteady state wherein oxygen distribution becomes fixed; oxygen sink expansion resumes quickly after antibiotic clearance. This technique may provide valuable information for future investigations of biofilms by permitting the study of complex geometries (typical of in vivo biofilms) and facilitating noninvasive oxygen measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Simkins
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Philip S Stewart
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Sarah L Codd
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.,Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
| | - Joseph D Seymour
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana
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9
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Deliorman M, Duatepe FPG, Davenport EK, Fransson BA, Call DR, Beyenal H, Abu-Lail NI. Responses of Acinetobacter baumannii Bound and Loose Extracellular Polymeric Substances to Hyperosmotic Agents Combined with or without Tobramycin: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:9071-9083. [PMID: 31184900 PMCID: PMC7607972 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, contributions of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) to the nanoscale mechanisms through which the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii responds to antimicrobial and hyperosmotic treatments were investigated by atomic force microscopy. Specifically, the adhesion strengths to a control surface of silicon nitride (Si3N4) and the lengths of bacterial surface biopolymers of bound and loose EPS extracted from A. baumannii biofilms were quantified after individual or synergistic treatments with hyperosmotic agents (NaCl and maltodextrin) and an antibiotic (tobramycin). In the absence of any treatment, the loose EPS were significantly longer in length and higher in adhesion to Si3N4 than the bound EPS. When used individually, the hyperosmotic agents and tobramycin collapsed the A. baumannii bound and loose EPS. The combined treatment of maltodextrin with tobramycin collapsed only the loose EPS and did not alter the adhesion of both bound and loose EPS to Si3N4. In addition, the combined treatment was not as effective in collapsing the EPS molecules as when tobramycin was applied alone. Finally, the effects of treatments were dose-dependent. Altogether, our findings suggest that a sequential treatment could be effective in treating A. baumannii biofilms, in which a hyperosmotic agent is used first to collapse the EPS and limit the diffusion of nutrients into the biofilm, followed by the use of an antibiotic to kill the bacterial cells that escape from the biofilm because of starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammedin Deliorman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | | | - Emily K. Davenport
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, 99164 Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Boel A. Fransson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, 99164 Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Douglas R. Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, 99164 Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, 99164 Pullman, Washington, United States
| | - Nehal I. Abu-Lail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, 78249 San Antonio, Texas, United States
- Corresponding Author:. Phone: +1 210 458 8131
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10
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Carniello V, Peterson BW, Sjollema J, Busscher HJ, van der Mei HC. Surface enhanced fluorescence and nanoscopic cell wall deformation in adhering Staphylococcus aureus upon exposure to cell wall active and non-active antibiotics. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11123-11133. [PMID: 29873372 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01669k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In infections, bacteria often adhere to surfaces and become deformed by the forces with which they adhere. Nanoscopic cell wall deformation defines bacterial responses to environmental conditions and is likely influenced by antibiotics. Here, staphylococcal cell wall deformation upon exposure to cell wall active and non-active antibiotics or their combinations is compared for two green-fluorescent (GFP) isogenic Staphylococcus aureus strains adhering to a gold surface, of which one lacks peptidoglycan cross-linking. Exposure to cell wall active antibiotics caused greater cell wall deformation than a buffer control in the GFP parent and in the Δpbp4GFP isogenic mutant, as measured by surface-enhanced-fluorescence. Cell wall non-active antibiotics only yielded greater deformation than a buffer control in the parent strain, while combinations of cell wall active and non-active antibiotics did not cause greater cell wall deformation. 3D-analysis of the impact of adhesion forces and Young's moduli of the cell wall, both measured using atomic force microscopy, led to the conclusion that increased deformation was mainly due to cell wall weakening and not due to the effects of antibiotics on adhesion forces. Interactions between bacteria and antibiotics are mostly studied using planktonic bacteria, while during infection, bacteria are in an adhering state that deforms their cell wall and therewith influences their adaptive responses. We anticipate that the demonstration of cell wall weakening in adhering bacteria under the influence of antibiotics and the role of peptidoglycan herein will aid in the development of new antibiotics. Surface-enhanced-fluorescence may accordingly develop into a new, highly-sensitive method for diagnosing antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Carniello
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of BioMedical Engineering, Groningen, Netherlands.
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11
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Kiamco MM, Mohamed A, Reardon PN, Marean-Reardon CL, Aframehr WM, Call DR, Beyenal H, Renslow RS. Structural and metabolic responses of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms to hyperosmotic and antibiotic stress. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1594-1603. [PMID: 29460278 PMCID: PMC5959008 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms alter their metabolism in response to environmental stress. This study explores the effect of a hyperosmotic agent-antibiotic treatment on the metabolism of Staphylococcus aureus biofilms through the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. To determine the metabolic activity of S. aureus, we quantified the concentrations of metabolites in spent medium using high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. Biofilm porosity, thickness, biovolume, and relative diffusion coefficient depth profiles were obtained using NMR microimaging. Dissolved oxygen concentration was measured to determine the availability of oxygen within the biofilm. Under vancomycin-only treatment, the biofilm communities switched to fermentation under anaerobic condition, as evidenced by high concentrations of formate (7.4 ± 2.7 mM), acetate (13.1 ± 0.9 mM), and lactate (3.0 ± 0.8 mM), and there was no detectable dissolved oxygen in the biofilm. In addition, we observed the highest consumption of pyruvate (0.19 mM remaining from an initial 40 mM concentration), the sole carbon source, under the vancomycin-only treatment. On the other hand, relative effective diffusion coefficients increased from 0.73 ± 0.08 to 0.88 ± 0.08 under vancomycin-only treatment but decreased from 0.71 ± 0.04 to 0.60 ± 0.07 under maltodextrin-only and from 0.73 ± 0.06 to 0.56 ± 0.08 under combined treatments. There was an increase in biovolume, from 2.5 ± 1 mm3 to 7 ± 1 mm3 , under the vancomycin-only treatment, while the maltodextrin-only and combined treatments showed no significant change in biovolume over time. This indicated that physical biofilm growth was halted during maltodextrin-only and combined treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia M Kiamco
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Abdelrhman Mohamed
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Patrick N Reardon
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Carrie L Marean-Reardon
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
| | - Wrya M Aframehr
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Douglas R Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
| | - Ryan S Renslow
- The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
- Earth and Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
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Axer A, Hermann S, Kehr G, Clases D, Karst U, Fischer-Riepe L, Roth J, Fobker M, Schäfers M, Gilmour R, Faust A. Harnessing the Maltodextrin Transport Mechanism for Targeted Bacterial Imaging: Structural Requirements for Improved in vivo Stability in Tracer Design. ChemMedChem 2018; 13:241-250. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201700543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Axer
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; WWU Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging; WWU Münster; Waldeyerstrasse 15 48149 Münster Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF); University Hospital Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Gerald Kehr
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; WWU Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
| | - David Clases
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; WWU Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Uwe Karst
- Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; WWU Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Lena Fischer-Riepe
- Institute for Immunology; WWU Münster; Röntgenstrasse 21 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Johannes Roth
- Institute for Immunology; WWU Münster; Röntgenstrasse 21 48149 Münster Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF); University Hospital Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Manfred Fobker
- Center of Laboratory Medicine; WWU Münster; Albert Schweitzer Campus 1 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging; WWU Münster; Waldeyerstrasse 15 48149 Münster Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF); University Hospital Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; University Hospital Münster; Albert Schweitzer Campus 1 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Ryan Gilmour
- Institute for Organic Chemistry; WWU Münster; Corrensstrasse 40 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
| | - Andreas Faust
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging; WWU Münster; Waldeyerstrasse 15 48149 Münster Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF); University Hospital Münster; 48149 Münster Germany
- DFG EXC 1003 Cluster of Excellence “Cells in Motion”; WWU Münster; Münster Germany
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Osmotic Compounds Enhance Antibiotic Efficacy against Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilm Communities. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.01297-17. [PMID: 28733283 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01297-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections are a clinical challenge, in part because a hydrated matrix protects the bacterial community from antibiotics. Herein, we evaluated how different osmotic compounds (maltodextrin, sucrose, and polyethylene glycol [PEG]) enhance antibiotic efficacy against Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm communities. Established (24-h) test tube biofilms (strain ATCC 17978) were treated with osmotic compounds in the presence or absence of 10× the MIC of different antibiotics (50 μg/ml tobramycin, 20 μg/ml ciprofloxacin, 300 μg/ml chloramphenicol, 30 μg/ml nalidixic acid, or 100 μg/ml erythromycin). Combining antibiotics with hypertonic concentrations of the osmotic compounds for 24 h reduced the number of biofilm bacteria by 5 to 7 log (P < 0.05). Increasing concentrations of osmotic compounds improved the effect, but there was a trade-off with increasing solution viscosity, whereby low-molecular-mass compounds (sucrose, 400-Da PEG) worked better than higher-mass compounds (maltodextrin, 3,350-Da PEG). Ten other A. baumannii strains were similarly treated with 400-Da PEG and tobramycin, resulting in a mean 2.7-log reduction in recoverable bacteria compared with tobramycin treatment alone. Multivariate regression models with data from different osmotic compounds and nine antibiotics demonstrated that the benefit from combining hypertonic treatments with antibiotics is a function of antibiotic mass and lipophilicity (r2 > 0.82; P < 0.002), and the relationship was generalizable for biofilms formed by A. baumannii and Escherichia coli K-12. Augmenting topical antibiotic therapies with a low-mass hypertonic treatment may enhance the efficacy of antibiotics against wound biofilms, particularly when using low-mass hydrophilic antibiotics.IMPORTANCE Biofilms form a barrier that protects bacteria from environmental insults, including exposure to antibiotics. We demonstrated that multiple osmotic compounds can enhance antibiotic efficacy against Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm communities, but viscosity is a limiting factor, and the most effective compounds have lower molecular mass. The synergism between osmotic compounds and antibiotics is also dependent on the hydrophobicity and mass of the antibiotics. The statistical models presented herein provide a basis for predicting the optimal combination of osmotic compounds and antibiotics against surface biofilms communities.
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Hyperosmotic Agents and Antibiotics Affect Dissolved Oxygen and pH Concentration Gradients in Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.02783-16. [PMID: 28062458 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02783-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms on wound surfaces are treated topically with hyperosmotic agents, such as medical-grade honey and cadexomer iodine; in some cases, these treatments are combined with antibiotics. Tissue repair requires oxygen, and a low pH is conducive to oxygen release from red blood cells and epithelialization. We investigated the variation of dissolved oxygen concentration and pH with biofilm depth and the variation in oxygen consumption rates when biofilms are challenged with medical-grade honey or cadexomer iodine combined with vancomycin or ciprofloxacin. Dissolved oxygen and pH depth profiles in Staphylococcus aureus biofilms were measured using microelectrodes. The presence of cadexomer iodine with vancomycin or ciprofloxacin on the surface of the biofilm permitted a measurable concentration of oxygen at greater biofilm depths (101.6 ± 27.3 μm, P = 0.02; and 155.5 ± 27.9 μm, P = 0.016, respectively) than in untreated controls (30.1 μm). Decreases in pH of ∼0.6 and ∼0.4 units were observed in biofilms challenged with medical-grade honey alone and combined with ciprofloxacin, respectively (P < 0.001 and 0.01, respectively); the number of bacteria recovered from biofilms was significantly reduced (1.26 log) by treatment with cadexomer iodine and ciprofloxacin (P = 0.002) compared to the untreated control. Combining cadexomer iodine and ciprofloxacin improved dissolved oxygen concentration and penetration depth into the biofilm, while medical-grade honey was associated with a lower pH; not all treatments established a bactericidal effect in the time frame used in the experiments.IMPORTANCE Reports about using hyperosmotic agents and antibiotics against wound biofilms focus mostly on killing bacteria, but the results of these treatments should additionally be considered in the context of how they affect physiologically important parameters, such as oxygen concentration and pH. We confirmed that the combination of a hyperosmotic agent and an antibiotic results in greater dissolved oxygen and reduced pH within an S. aureus biofilm.
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Sultana ST, Call DR, Beyenal H. Maltodextrin enhances biofilm elimination by electrochemical scaffold. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36003. [PMID: 27782161 PMCID: PMC5080540 DOI: 10.1038/srep36003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical scaffolds (e-scaffolds) continuously generate low concentrations of H2O2 suitable for damaging wound biofilms without damaging host tissue. Nevertheless, retarded diffusion combined with H2O2 degradation can limit the efficacy of this potentially important clinical tool. H2O2 diffusion into biofilms and bacterial cells can be increased by damaging the biofilm structure or by activating membrane transportation channels by exposure to hyperosmotic agents. We hypothesized that e-scaffolds would be more effective against Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in the presence of a hyperosmotic agent. E-scaffolds polarized at -600 mVAg/AgCl were overlaid onto preformed biofilms in media containing various maltodextrin concentrations. E-scaffold alone decreased A. baumannii and S. aureus biofilm cell densities by (3.92 ± 0.15) log and (2.31 ± 0.12) log, respectively. Compared to untreated biofilms, the efficacy of the e-scaffold increased to a maximum (8.27 ± 0.05) log reduction in A. baumannii and (4.71 ± 0.12) log reduction in S. aureus biofilm cell densities upon 10 mM and 30 mM maltodextrin addition, respectively. Overall ~55% decrease in relative biofilm surface coverage was achieved for both species. We conclude that combined treatment with electrochemically generated H2O2 from an e-scaffold and maltodextrin is more effective in decreasing viable biofilm cell density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujala T. Sultana
- School of Chemical Engineering & Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
| | - Douglas R. Call
- Paul G. Allen School for Global Animal Health, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
| | - Haluk Beyenal
- School of Chemical Engineering & Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
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