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Liu C, Wang X, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Ruso JM, Hu D, Liu Z, Liao Y. The immobilization of penicillin G acylase on modified TiO2 with various micro-environments. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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2
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Wang X, Chen Z, Li K, Wei X, Chen Z, Ruso JM, Tang Z, Liu Z. The study of titanium dioxide modification by glutaraldehyde and its application of immobilized penicillin acylase. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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3
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A breakthrough in enzyme technology to fight penicillin resistance—industrial application of penicillin amidase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:3825-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7399-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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4
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Ruckenstein E, Rajora P. Optimization of the activity in porous media of proton-generating immobilized enzymatic reactions by weak acid facilitation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 27:807-17. [PMID: 18553740 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260270609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the role of maintaining the pH, buffers can also facilitate the transport of H(+) ions in acid-generating systems. The role of this facilitation in proton transport in porous pellets on acid-generating immobilized enzymic reactions is examined. The activity in these systems can be maximized by a proper control of facilitation, which involves the determination of the appropriate variables out of (1) the concentration of the weak acid, (2) the pH of the medium, (3) the bulk substrate concentration, and (4) the type of weak acid. Since the intrinsic activity (IA) of the immobilized enzyme is such that it exhibits an optimum with respect to the pH, a partial (optimal) removal of diffusional limitation by facilitation maximizes the activity when the bulk pH is larger than this optimum pH. A complete removal of diffusional limitations, however, maximizes the activity when the bulk pH is less than or equal to the above optimum pH. The control of the diffusional resistance can be achieved by controlling the extent of facilitation, hence by adjusting the parameters mentioned above. Computations have been carried out to examine the effect of each of these parameters on the activity of the immobilized enzyme. It is found that when the bulk pH is less than or equal to the optimum pH of the intrinsic activity of the immobilized enzyme, there exists a lower limit on the amount of weak acid required to maximize the activity. However, an optimum amount of weak acid is required to maximize the activity when the bulk pH is higher than that optimum pH. For a given activity the amount of weak acid is minimal if the pK of the weak acid is close to the bulk pH. The effect of coupling between the proton and substrate transport on activity control is also examined and the effect of geometry on activity is evaluated for spherical, cylindrical, and flat-plate configurations.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ruckenstein
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260
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Adler I, Schügerl K. Cultivation of E. coli in single- and ten-stage tower-loop reactors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2012; 25:417-36. [PMID: 18548661 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260250210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
E. Coli was cultivated in batch and continuous operations in the presence of an antifoam agent in stirred-tank and in single- and ten-stage airlift tower reactors with an outer loop. The maximum specific growth rate, mu(m), the substrate yield coefficient, Y(x/s), the respiratory quotient, RQ, substrate conversion, U(s), the volumetric mass transfer coefficient, K(L)a, the specific interfacial area, a, and the specific power input, P/V(L), were measured and compared. If a medium is used with a concentration of complex substrates (extracts) 2.5 times higher than that of glucose, a spectrum of C sources is available and cell regulation influences reactor performance. Both mu(m) and Y(X/S), which were evaluated in batch reactors, cannot be used for continuous reactors or, when measured in stirred-tank reactors, cannot be employed for tower-loop reactors: mu(m) is higher in the stirred-tank batch than in the tower-loop batch reactor, mu(m) and Y(x/s) are higher in the continuous reactor than in the batch single-stage tower-loop reactor. The performance of the single-stage is better than that of the ten-stage reactor due to the inefficient trays employed. A reduction of the medium recirculation rate reduces OTR, U(s), Pr, and Y(X/S) and causes cell sedimentation and flocculation. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient is reduced with increasing cultivation time; the Sauter bubble diameter, d(s), remains constant and does not depend on operational conditions. An increase in the medium recirculation rate reduces k(L)a. The specific power input, P/V(L), for the single-stage tower loop is much lower with the same k(L)a value than for a stirred tank. The relationship k(L)a vs. P/V(L) evaluated for model media in stirred tanks, can also be used for cultivations in these reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Adler
- Institut für Technische Chemie der Universität Hannover, D-3000 Hannover, Callinstrasse 3, Federal Republic of Germany
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BYERS JAMESP, FOURNIER RONALDL, VARANASI SASIDHAR. A FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF A NOVEL APPROACH FOR THE CONVERSION OF XYLOSE TO ETHANOL. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00986449208935999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JAMES P. BYERS
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , The University of Toledo , Toledo, OH, 43606
| | - RONALD L. FOURNIER
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , The University of Toledo , Toledo, OH, 43606
| | - SASIDHAR VARANASI
- a Department of Chemical Engineering , The University of Toledo , Toledo, OH, 43606
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Haagensen P, Karlsen LG, Petersen J, Villadsen J. The kinetics of penicillin-V deacylation on an immobilized enzyme. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 25:1873-95. [PMID: 18551488 DOI: 10.1002/bit.260250715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An immobilized Penicillin-V-acylase (commercial name, Novozym 217) with high specificity for the phenoxyacetyl-(V)- side chain was investigated in a recycle reactor and in a batch reactor to find the enzymatic reaction rate as a function of conversion, x, substrate concentration, c(A) (0) and pH. The reaction rate depends strongly on pH, and both products, phenoxy-acetic acid and 6-APA, inhibit the reaction. Nonspecific side reactions amount to only a few per cent when c(A) (0) <150 mM and pH& gt; 6.5. The effectiveness factor for commercial-size particles is found to be about 0.65, and a value of 1.3mM is obtained for the equilibrium constant, K(eq), of the deacylation reaction. A kinetic model for the deacylation process which includes the effect of pH and of the reverse (acylation) reaction is proposed. Rate data for particles of different size are fitted to the nonlinear model. Five kinetic parameters and an effective diffusivity for the immobilized enzyme particles are determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Haagensen
- Instituttet for Kemiteknik, Danmarks Tekniske Højskole, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark
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Vander Wielen LA, Van Buel MJ, Straathof AJJ, Luyben KC. Modelling the Enzymatic Deacylation of Penicillin G: Equilibrium and Kinetic Considerations. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242429709003614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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9
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Chuang GS, Chiou MS, Ho PY, Li HY. Computational Multiple Steady States of the Penicillin G Acylase-Catalyzed Hydrolysis in an Isothermal CFSTR. Eng Life Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200520096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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10
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Reaction engineering parameters for immobilized biocatalysts. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-11699-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Kallenberg A, van Rantwijk F, Sheldon R. Immobilization of Penicillin G Acylase: The Key to Optimum Performance. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200505042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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Wyss A, Seitert H, von Stockar U, Marison IW. Novel reactive perstraction system applied to the hydrolysis of penicillin G. Biotechnol Bioeng 2005; 91:227-36. [PMID: 15915512 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The activity of penicillin acylase has been studied in aqueous and organic solvents, as free enzyme as well as immobilized within the membrane of liquid-core capsules. The activity of the enzyme is inhibited by the accumulation of the products of the hydrolysis reaction, namely phenyl acetic acid (PAA). In order to overcome this inhibition a range of organic solvents were tested for use in in situ product recovery. Of these solvents dibutyl sebacate (DBS) was chosen due to the rapid extraction rate, the high logP and to facilitate capsule production. The extraction efficiency at pH 3.5 for PAA was >80% for phase ratios of >50% free solvent with partition coefficients of 8 and 0.7 for PAA and penicillin G (PenG), respectively, thereby showing that PAA could be selectively extracted at pH 3.5 and 25 degrees C. Liquid-core capsules containing DBS were shown to efficiently remove PAA selectively and the PAA could be effectively back-extracted and the capsules re-used in a three-stage process resulting in high product separation. Immobilization of penicillin acylase onto the capsule membranes resulted in increased operational stability of the enzyme and a very high enzyme activity. Over 53.3% of the PAA formed could be recovered in the capsule core with a concentration over sevenfold higher than in the aqueous phase. Higher extraction efficiencies could be obtained by varying the substrate concentration and number of capsules. The enzyme immobilized on capsules could be stored for over 4 months at pH 8 and 4 degrees C with no loss of activity. Over 80% of the initial activity could be recovered over five repeated batch cycles of the bioconversion process. The importance of capsular perstraction and reactive capsular perstraction has been clearly demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wyss
- Laboratory of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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15
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NAD+/NADH recycling by coimmobilized lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase. Enzyme Microb Technol 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(98)00010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Chen G, Fournier RL, Varanasi S. A mathematical model for the generation and control of a pH gradient in an immobilized enzyme system involving acid generation. Biotechnol Bioeng 1998; 57:394-408. [PMID: 10099216 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19980220)57:4<394::aid-bit3>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An optimal pH control technique has been developed for multistep enzymatic synthesis reactions where the optimal pH differs by several units for each step. This technique separates an acidic environment from a basic environment by the hydrolysis of urea within a thin layer of immobilized urease. With this technique, a two-step enzymatic reaction can take place simultaneously, in proximity to each other, and at their respective optimal pH. Because a reaction system involving an acid generation represents a more challenging test of this pH control technique, a number of factors that affect the generation of such a pH gradient are considered in this study. The mathematical model proposed is based on several simplifying assumptions and represents a first attempt to provide an analysis of this complex problem. The results show that, by choosing appropriate parameters, the pH control technique still can generate the desired pH gradient even if there is an acid-generating reaction in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA
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17
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Lee CK, Su WD. Separation of Phenylacetic Acid from 6-Aminopenicillanic Acid via Cloud-Point Extraction with N-Decyltetra(ethylene Oxide) Nonionic Surfactant. SEP SCI TECHNOL 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/01496399808545004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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18
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n-carbamoyl-d-p-hydroxyphenylglycine production using immobilized d-hydantoinase from recombinant E. coli. Enzyme Microb Technol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(96)00078-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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20
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Bryjak J, Bryjak M, Noworyta A. Membrane reactor with soluble forms of penicillin acylase. Enzyme Microb Technol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(95)00231-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Bianchi D, Golini P, Bortolo R, Cesti P. Immobilization of penicillin G acylase on aminoalkylated polyacrylic supports. Enzyme Microb Technol 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(95)00149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Kotha A, Raman RC, Ponrathnam S, Kumar KK, Shewale JG. Beaded reactive polymers, 2. Immobilisation of penicillin G acylase on glycidyl methacrylate-divinyl benzene copolymers of differing pore size and its distribution. REACT FUNCT POLYM 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/1381-5148(95)00089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Kinetic analysis of the effects of products removal on the hydrolysis of penicillin G by immobilised penicillin acylase. Process Biochem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-9592(95)00017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Lilly MD. Biotransformations Using Immobilized Biocatalysts—Past, Present, and Future. BIOCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-2558(08)60306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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25
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26
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Parker K, Colby J. Immobilisation of the D-2-haloacid dehalogenase fromPseudomonas putida strain AJ1/23. Biodegradation 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00700457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Koteva KP, Ganchev KD. Factors affecting the synthesis of penicillins by the immobilized penicillin acylase fromEscherichia coli. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1002/abio.370140105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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28
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Byers JP, Shah MB, Fournier RL, Varanasi S. Generation of a pH gradient in an immobilized enzyme system. Biotechnol Bioeng 1993; 42:410-20. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260420403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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29
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Hughes D, Song Z, Smith G, Bergan J, Dezeny G, Grabowski E, Reider P. A practical chemoenzymatic synthesis of an LTD4 antagonist. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)80124-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fonseca LP, Cardoso JP, Cabral JM. Immobilization studies of an industrial penicillin acylase preparation on a silica carrier. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (OXFORD, OXFORDSHIRE : 1986) 1993; 58:27-37. [PMID: 7764067 DOI: 10.1002/jctb.280580105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Penicillin acylase (EC 3.5.1.11) was immobilized by covalent binding on a silica gel carrier activated by silanization. High immobilization yields, operational stability, enzyme loading and support reutilization capacity were obtained. The effects of several variables on the activation of the support and on the immobilization method were studied. Other supports and immobilization methods were assessed for the immobilization of penicillin acylase and compared with the basic process used. Activity versus temperature, pH, buffer molarity and penicillin concentration profiles were determined and compared for the free, crosslinked and covalently-bound silica carrier penicillin acylase preparations. The hydrolysis performance of the latter preparation was assessed in a batch basket reactor and the time course of the hydrolysis reaction modelled by a two parameter model equation. The operational stabilities of penicillin acylase coupled covalently to the silica gel support and immobilized by a crosslinking procedure using glutaraldehyde were also compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Fonseca
- Laboratorio de Engenharia Bioquimica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisboa, Portugal
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Prabhune A, SivaRaman H. Immobilization of penicillin acylase in porous beads of polyacrylamide gel. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1991; 30:265-72. [PMID: 1768079 DOI: 10.1007/bf02922030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A procedure is described for the immobilization of benzylpenicillin acylase from Escherichia coli within uniformly spherical, porous polyacrylamide gel beads. Aqueous solutions of the enzyme and sodium alginate and of acrylamide monomer, N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide, N,N,N,N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) and sodium alginate are cooled separately, mixed, and dropped immediately into ice-cold, buffered calcium formate solution, pH 8.5, to give calcium alginate-coated beads. The beads are left for 30-60 min in the cold calcium formate solution for polyacrylamide gel formation. The beads are then treated with a solution of glutaraldehyde and the calcium alginate subsequently leached out with a solution of potassium phosphate. Modification of the native enzyme with glutaraldehyde results in a slight enhancement in the rate of hydrolysis of benzylpenicillin at pH 7.8 and 0.05M substrate concentration. The enzyme entrapped in porous polyacrylamide gel beads shows no measurable diffusional limitation in stirred reactors, catalyzing the hydrolysis of the substrate at a rate comparable to that of the glutaraldehyde-modified native enzyme. The immobilized enzyme preparation has been used in batch mode over 90 cycles without any apparent loss in hydrolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prabhune
- Division of Biochemical Sciences, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
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34
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Kotha A, Selvaraj L, Rajan CR, Ponrathnam S, Kumar KK, Ambekar GR, Shewale JG. Adsorption and expression of penicillin G acylase immobilized onto methacrylate polymers generated with varying pore generating solvent volume. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1991; 30:297-302. [PMID: 1768081 DOI: 10.1007/bf02922033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption and expression of penicillin G acylase was studied on macroporous methacrylate polymer beads of differing pore volume, generated with kerosene. The absorption and expression of the penicillin G acylase was dependent on pore volume. Maximum expression of 57% of adsorbed enzyme was obtained on beads synthesized with 40 mL of kerosene, indicating minimum pore-diffusion limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kotha
- Chemical Engineering Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India
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35
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Ishimura F, Seijo H. Immobilization of penicillin acylase using porous polyacrylonitrile fibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0922-338x(91)90242-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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36
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Abstract
Bioconversions involving enzymes and/or microbial cells in aqueous two-phase systems are reviewed. The partitioning of biocatalysts, substrates, and products is discussed in relation to their size. The efficiency of retaining biocatalysts in aqueous two-phase systems is summarized in relation to other methods of recirculating. The influence of phase components on the activity and the stability of enzymatic biocatalysts is exemplified with penicillin acylase and the cellulolytic enzyme system, and the effect of phase components on biocatalytic living cells is exemplified with the production of alpha-amylase with Bacillus sp. Process design costs in bioconversions in aqueous two-phase systems are briefly summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Andersson
- Department of Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Sweden
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37
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Bryjak J, Trochimczuk A, Noworyta A. Immobilization of penicillin acylase on acrylic carriers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00369394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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39
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Nakamura K, Hirai Y, Kitano H, Ise N. Dynamic analysis of irreversible adsorption of protein on porous polymer resins as studied by pulse injection method. Biotechnol Bioeng 1987; 30:216-24. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260300211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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40
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Otto PP, Rousseau I, Schmedding DJ, Visser MA. Bio-organic production of chiral ester acids, enzymatic pH control. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1987; 501:188-92. [PMID: 3475014 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb45706.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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43
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Liou JK, Rousseau I. Mathematical model for internal pH control in immobilized enzyme particles. Biotechnol Bioeng 1986; 28:1582-9. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260281017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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44
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Using the rotational masking concept to enhance substrate inhibited reaction rates: controlled pore supports for enzyme immobilization. Enzyme Microb Technol 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(85)90084-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Mahajan PB, Borkar PS. Novel approaches to the purification of penicillin acylase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 1984; 9:421-37. [PMID: 6393870 DOI: 10.1007/bf02798397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Penicillin acylase of E. coli NCIM 2400 has been purified to homogeneity using a combination of hydrophobic interaction chromatography and DEAE-cellulose treatment. A variety of substituted matrices were synthesized using D- or DL-phenylglycine, norleucine, ampicillin, or amoxycillin as ligands, all of which retained penicillin acylase at high concentrations of ammonium sulfate or sodium sulfate. The enzyme could be eluted nonbiospecifically by buffer of lower ionic strength with over 95% recovery of the activity. Ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, and potassium chloride were ineffective in either adsorption or elution of the enzyme on these columns. Further purification of this partially pure enzyme with DEAE-cellulose at pH 7.0-7.2 yielded an enzyme preparation of very high purity according to electrophoretic and ultracentrifugal analyses, its specific activity being as high as 37 U/mg protein. The purified enzyme has a molecular weight of 67,000 a sedimentation coefficient of 4.0S, and resolves into two forms upon isoelectric focusing. Overall recoveries ranged between 75 and 85%. Ease of operation, high recoveries, high purity of the enzyme and prolonged reuse of the conjugates make the process economically feasible and possibly of great commercial importance.
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46
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Do DD. Enzyme immobilization in porous solid supports?penetration of immobilized enzyme. Biotechnol Bioeng 1984; 26:1032-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260260904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Dennis KE, Clark DS, Bailey JE, Cho YK, Park YH. Immobilization of enzymes in porous supports: Effects of support-enzyme solution contacting. Biotechnol Bioeng 1984; 26:892-900. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260260812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Andersson E, Mattiasson B, Hahn-Hägerdal B. Enzymatic conversion in aqueous two-phase systems: deacylation of benzylpenicillin to 6-aminopenicillanic acid with penicillin acylase. Enzyme Microb Technol 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(84)90057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Improved biocatalyst effectiveness by controlled immobilization of enzymes. Biotechnol Bioeng 1984; 26:727-36. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260260715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Acid generating immobilized enzymic reactions in porous media-activity control via augmentation of proton diffusion by weak acids. Chem Eng Sci 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2509(84)85080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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