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Liu Y, Yang G, Jin S, Xu L, Zhao CX. Development of High-Drug-Loading Nanoparticles. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2143-2157. [PMID: 32864902 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Formulating drugs into nanoparticles offers many attractive advantages over free drugs including improved bioavailability, minimized toxic side effects, enhanced drug delivery, feasibility of incorporating other functions such as controlled release, imaging agents for imaging, targeting delivery, and loading more than one drug for combination therapies. One of the key parameters is drug loading, which is defined as the mass ratio of drug to drug-loaded nanoparticles. Currently, most nanoparticle systems have relatively low drug loading (<10 wt%), and developing methods to increase drug loading remains a challenge. This Minireview presents an overview of recent research on developing nanoparticles with high drug loading (>10 wt%) from the perspective of synthesis strategies, including post-loading, co-loading, and pre-loading. Based on these three different strategies, various nanoparticle systems with different materials and drugs are summarized and discussed in terms of their synthesis methods, drug loadings, encapsulation efficiencies, release profiles, stabilities, and their applications in drug delivery. The advantages and disadvantages of these strategies are presented with an objective of providing useful design rules for future development of high-drug-loading nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Guangze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Song Jin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Letao Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
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Yang G, Liu Y, Jin S, Zhao C. Development of Core‐Shell Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems Based on Biomimetic Mineralization. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2871-2879. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland St. Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Yun Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland St. Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Song Jin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland St. Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
| | - Chun‐Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland St. Lucia, Queensland 4072 Australia
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Ho CMB, Sun Q, Teo AJT, Wibowo D, Gao Y, Zhou J, Huang Y, Tan SH, Zhao CX. Development of a Microfluidic Droplet-Based Microbioreactor for Microbial Cultivation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3630-3637. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chee Meng Benjamin Ho
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Qi Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Adrian J. T. Teo
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yongsheng Gao
- School of Engineering, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Information and Communication Technology, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Department of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, College of Engineering, Peking University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Say Hwa Tan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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Peters BC, Wibowo D, Yang GZ, Hui Y, Middelberg AP, Zhao CX. Evaluation of baiting fipronil-loaded silica nanocapsules against termite colonies in fields. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02277. [PMID: 31440604 PMCID: PMC6699461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Various pesticide nanocarriers have been developed. However, their pest-control applications remain limited in laboratories. Herein, we developed silica nanocapsules encapsulating fipronil (SNC) and their engineered form, poly(ethyleneimine)-coated SNC (SNC-PEI), based on recombinant catalytic modular protein D4S2 and used them against termite colonies Coptotermes lacteus in fields. To achieve this, an integrated biomolecular bioprocess was developed to produce D4S2 for manufacturing SNC containing fipronil with high encapsulation efficiency of approximately 97% at benign reaction conditions and at scales sufficient for the field applications. PEI coating was achieved via electrostatic interactions to yield SNC-PEI with a slower release of fipronil than SNC without coating. As a proof-of-concept, bait toxicants containing varied fipronil concentrations were formulated and exposed to nine termite mounds, aiming to prolong fipronil release hence allowing sufficient time for termites to relocate the baits into and distribute throughout the colony, and to eliminate that colony. Some baits were relocated into the mounds, but colonies were not eliminated due to several reasons. We caution others interested in producing bait toxicants to be aware of the multilevel resistance mechanisms of the Coptotermes spp. "superorganism".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Guang-Ze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Hui
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P.J. Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
- Faculty of Engineering, Computer, and Mathematical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
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Lin Y, Jin W, Qiu Y, Zhang G. Programmable stimuli-responsive polypeptides for biomimetic synthesis of silica nanocomposites and enzyme self-immobilization. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:1156-1169. [PMID: 31128196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bioinspired silicification is an attractive route for achieving unique silica nanocomposites. Herein, a novel, facile and inexpensive route for biosilica synthesis is developed using the stimuli-responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP). The ELP is precisely tailored to a silica-mineralizing peptide by programming it with lysine residues. The resulting cationic ELP[KV8F-40] is purified in ultrahigh yield using a chromatography-free ITC purification technique based on thermal-responsive property. Excitingly, the specific activity of ELP is 40-fold higher than that of silaffin. Besides, efficient and strong entrapment of ELP is achieved with over 98% of immobilization yield and less than 2% of leakage. These imply that cationic ELP may be used as a bifunctional tag (purification and immobilization) for fusion protein. An enzyme (xylanase) is therefore chosen to genetically fuse to ELP. The ELP-fused xylanase is purified by ELP with high purity (~98%) and enables the rapid (within minutes) self-immobilization. The immobilization yield was greater than 95%, and the immobilized xylanases hardly leaked from the silica matrix, demonstrating high efficiency of the self-immobilization process. The strategy developed here may provide a new opportunity for fabricating functional silica nanocomposites in a feasible and inexpensive pathway, which will have great potentials in the field of biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Lin
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Wenhui Jin
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Nature Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yue Qiu
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China.
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Wibowo D, Zhao CX. Recent achievements and perspectives for large-scale recombinant production of antimicrobial peptides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 103:659-671. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Sun B, Wibowo D, Sainsbury F, Zhao CX. Design and production of a novel antimicrobial fusion protein in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:8763-8772. [PMID: 30120526 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted increasing attention. The microbial cells provide a simple, cost-effective platform to produce AMPs in industrial quantities. While AMP production as fusion proteins in microorganisms is commonly used, the recovery of AMPs necessitates the use of expensive proteases and extra purification steps. Here, we develop a novel fusion protein DAMP4-F-pexiganan comprising a carrier protein DAMP4 linked to the AMP, pexiganan, through a long, flexible linker. We show that this fusion protein can be purified using a non-chromatography approach and exhibits the same antimicrobial activity as the chemically synthesized pexiganan peptide without any cleavage step. Activity of the fusion protein is dependent on a long, flexible linker between the AMP and carrier domains, as well as on the expression conditions of the fusion protein, with low-temperature expression promoting better folding of the AMP domain. The production of DAMP4-F-pexiganan circumvents the time-consuming and costly steps of chromatography-based purification and enzymatic cleavages, therefore shows considerable advantages over traditional microbial production of AMPs. We expect this novel fusion protein, and the studies on the effect of linker and expression conditions on its antimicrobial activity, will broaden the rational design and production of antimicrobial products based on AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baode Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia.
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, QLD, Nathan, 4111, Australia.
| | - Frank Sainsbury
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, St Lucia, 4072, Australia.
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Sun B, Wibowo D, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Cost-effective downstream processing of recombinantly produced pexiganan peptide and its antimicrobial activity. AMB Express 2018; 8:6. [PMID: 29368022 PMCID: PMC5783979 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have significant potential as alternatives to classical antibiotics. However, AMPs are currently prepared using processes which are often laborious, expensive and of low-yield, thus hindering their research and application. Large-scale methods for production of AMPs using a cost-effective approach is urgently required. In this study, we report a scalable, chromatography-free downstream processing method for producing an antimicrobial peptide, pexiganan, using recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli). The four helix bundle structure of the unique carrier protein DAMP4 was used to facilitate a simple and cheap purification process based on a selective thermochemical precipitation. Highly pure fusion protein DAMP4var-pexiganan was obtained at high yield (around 24 mg per 800 mL cell culture with a final cultivation OD600 ~ 2). The purification yield of DAMP4var-pexiganan protein is increased twofold with a 72.9% of the protein recovery in this study as compared to the previous purification processes (Dwyer in Chem Eng Sci 105:12–21, 2014). The antimicrobial peptide pexiganan was released and activated from the fusion protein by a simple acid-cleavage. Isoelectric precipitation was then applied to separate the pexiganan peptide from the DAMP4var protein carrier. The final yield of pure bio-produced pexiganan was 1.6 mg from 800 mL of bacterial cell culture (final cultivation OD600 ~ 2). The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) test demonstrated that the bio-produced pexiganan has the same antimicrobial activity as chemically synthesized counterpart. This novel downstream process provides a new strategy for simple and probable economic production of antimicrobial peptides.
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Wang J, Yu H, Tian S, Yang H, Wang J, Zhu W. Recombinant expression insulin-like growth factor 1 in Bacillus subtilis using a low-cost heat-purification technology. Process Biochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yang GZ, Wibowo D, Yun JH, Wang L, Middelberg APJ, Zhao CX. Biomimetic Silica Nanocapsules for Tunable Sustained Release and Cargo Protection. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:5777-5785. [PMID: 28511536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silica nanocapsules have attracted tremendous interest for encapsulation, protection, and controlled release of various cargoes due to their unique hierarchical core-shell structure. However, it remains challenging to synthesize silica nanocapsules having high cargo-loading capacity and cargo-protection capability without compromising process simplicity and biocompatibility properties. Here, we synthesized oil-core silica-shell nanocapsules under environmentally friendly conditions by a novel emulsion and biomimetic dual-templating approach using a dual-functional protein, in lieu of petrochemical surfactants, thus avoiding the necessities for the removal of toxic components. A light- and pH-sensitive compound can be facilely encapsulated in the silica nanocapsules with the encapsulation efficiency of nearly 100%. Release of the encapsulated active from the nanocapsules was not shown an indication of undesired burst release. Instead, the release can be tuned by controlling the silica-shell thicknesses (i.e., 40 and 77 nm from which the cargo released at 42.0 and 31.3% of the initial amount after 32 days, respectively). The release kinetics were fitted well to the Higuchi model, enabling the possibility of the prediction of release kinetics as a function of shell thickness, thus achieving design-for-purpose silica nanocapsules. Furthermore, the nanocapsules showed excellent alkaline- and sunlight-shielding protective efficacies, which resulted in significantly prolonged half-life of the sensitive cargo. Our biomimetic silica nanocapsules provide a nanocarrier platform for applications that demand process scalability, sustainability, and biocompatibility coupled with unique cargo-protection and controlled-release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ze Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David Wibowo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jung-Ho Yun
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Lianzhou Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anton P J Middelberg
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun-Xia Zhao
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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