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Torres-Mansilla A, Álvarez-Lloret P, Voltes-Martínez A, López-Ruiz E, Baldión PA, Marchal JA, Gómez-Morales J. Apatite-coated outer layer eggshell membrane: A novel osteoinductive biohybrid composite for guided bone/tissue regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213605. [PMID: 37651964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid biomimetic materials aim to replicate the organic-inorganic constructs of mineralized tissues. During eggshell formation, the outer surface of the eggshell membrane (ESM) promotes calcium carbonate nucleation, while the inner one prevents mineralization toward the egg white and yolk. In the current study, the outer surface of the ESM acted as a heteronucleant in calcium phosphate precipitation by the vapor diffusion sitting drop method, while the inner one remained unmineralized. The aim was to fabricate a 2D biomaterial with dual functions, osteoinductive on one side and protective against cell invasion on the other side. The microstructural, physicochemical, morphological, and mechanical properties of the mineralized ESM were characterized by XRD, TGA, XPS, FTIR/Raman, HR-SEM, and mechanical testing techniques. The cytocompatibility and osteoinductive ability were assessed by biological assays of cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation on human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). Results indicate that the outer surface of the ESM induces the heterogeneous precipitation of carbonate-apatite phase depicting biomimetic features. In addition, the apatite/ESM shows a much higher cytocompatibility than the pristine ESM and promotes the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs more efficiently. Overall, the apatite/ESM composite exhibits compositional, crystalline, mechanical, and biological properties that resemble those of mineralized tissues, rendering it an approachable and novel material especially useful in guided tissue/bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro Álvarez-Lloret
- Department of Geology, Faculty of Geology, University of Oviedo, 33005 Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Ana Voltes-Martínez
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; BioFab i3D-Biofabrication and 3D (bio)printing laboratory, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Health Science, Faculty of Experimental Science, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; Excellence Research Unit "Modelling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Paula Alejandra Baldión
- Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain; BioFab i3D-Biofabrication and 3D (bio)printing laboratory, University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; Excellence Research Unit "Modelling Nature" (MNat), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Jaime Gómez-Morales
- Laboratory of Crystallographic Studies, IACT-CSIC-University of Granada. Avda. Las Palmeras, 4, 18100 Armilla, Spain.
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Torres-Mansilla A, Hincke M, Voltes A, López-Ruiz E, Baldión PA, Marchal JA, Álvarez-Lloret P, Gómez-Morales J. Eggshell Membrane as a Biomaterial for Bone Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061342. [PMID: 36987123 PMCID: PMC10057008 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical features of the avian eggshell membrane play an essential role in the process of calcium carbonate deposition during shell mineralization, giving rise to a porous mineralized tissue with remarkable mechanical properties and biological functions. The membrane could be useful by itself or as a bi-dimensional scaffold to build future bone-regenerative materials. This review focuses on the biological, physical, and mechanical properties of the eggshell membrane that could be useful for that purpose. Due to its low cost and wide availability as a waste byproduct of the egg processing industry, repurposing the eggshell membrane for bone bio-material manufacturing fulfills the principles of a circular economy. In addition, eggshell membrane particles have has the potential to be used as bio-ink for 3D printing of tailored implantable scaffolds. Herein, a literature review was conducted to ascertain the degree to which the properties of the eggshell membrane satisfy the requirements for the development of bone scaffolds. In principle, it is biocompatible and non-cytotoxic, and induces proliferation and differentiation of different cell types. Moreover, when implanted in animal models, it elicits a mild inflammatory response and displays characteristics of stability and biodegradability. Furthermore, the eggshell membrane possesses a mechanical viscoelastic behavior comparable to other collagen-based systems. Overall, the biological, physical, and mechanical features of the eggshell membrane, which can be further tuned and improved, make this natural polymer suitable as a basic component for developing new bone graft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxwell Hincke
- Department of Innovation in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H8M5, Canada
| | - Ana Voltes
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena López-Ruiz
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Campus de las Lagunillas S/N, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Paula Alejandra Baldión
- Departamento de Salud Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá 111321, Colombia
| | - Juan Antonio Marchal
- Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine Institute (IBIMER), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. Granada, University Hospitals of Granada–University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- BioFab i3D Lab–Biofabrication and 3D (bio)Printing Singular Laboratory, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 180171 Granada, Spain
| | - Pedro Álvarez-Lloret
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Oviedo, 33005 Asturias, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.Á.-L.); (J.G.-M.)
| | - Jaime Gómez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Estudios Cristalográficos IACT–CSIC–UGR, Avda. Las Palmeras, No. 4, Armilla, 18100 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (P.Á.-L.); (J.G.-M.)
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Eggshell membrane-incorporated cell friendly tough hydrogels with ultra-adhesive property. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 223:113156. [PMID: 36682295 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Adhesive and tough hydrogels have received increased attention for their potential biomedical applications. However, traditional hydrogels have limited utility in tissue engineering because they tend to exhibit low biocompatibility, low adhesiveness, and poor mechanical properties. Herein, the use of the eggshell membrane (ESM) for developing tough, cell-friendly, and ultra-adhesive hydrogels is described. The ESM enhances the performance of the hydrogel network in three ways. First, its covalent cross-linking with the polyacrylamide and alginate chains strengthens the hydrogel network. Second, it provides functional groups, such as amine and carboxyl moieties, which are well known for enhancing the surface adhesion of biomaterials, thereby increasing the adhesiveness of the hydrogel. Third, it is a bioactive agent and improves cell adhesion and proliferation on the constructed scaffold. In conclusion, this study proposes the unique design of ESM-incorporated hydrogels with high toughness, cell-friendly, and ultra-adhesive properties for various biomedical engineering applications.
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Fabrication of Nanostructured Polycaprolactone (PCL) Film Using a Thermal Imprinting Technique and Assessment of Antibacterial Function for Its Application. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245527. [PMID: 36559894 PMCID: PMC9788332 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the use of the medical devices, it is essential to prevent the attachment of bacteria to the device surface or to kill the attached bacteria. To kill bacteria, many researchers have used antibiotics or studied nanostructure-based antibacterial surfaces, which rely on mechanical antibacterial methods. Several polymers are widely used for device fabrication, one of which is polycaprolactone (PCL). PCL is biocompatible, biodegradable, easy to fabricate using 3D printing, relatively inexpensive and its quality is easily controlled; therefore, there are various approaches to its use in bio-applications. In addition, it is an FDA-approved material, so it is often used as an implantable material in the human body. However, PCL has no inherent antibacterial function, so it is necessary to develop antibacterial functions in scaffold or film-based PCL medical devices. In this study, process parameters for nanopillar fabrication were established through a simple thermal imprinting method with PCL. Finally, a PCL film with a flexible and transparent nanopillar structure was produced, and the mechano-bactericidal potential was demonstrated using only one PCL material. PCL with nanopillars showed bactericidal ability against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) bacteria cultured on its surface that resulted in membrane damage and death due to contact with nanopillars. Additionally, bacteriostatic results were shown to inhibit bacterial growth and activity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) on PCL nanostructured columns. The fabricated nanopillar structure has confirmed that mechanically induced antibacterial function and can be applied to implantable medical devices.
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Mahdavi S, Amirsadeghi A, Jafari A, Niknezhad SV, Bencherif SA. Avian Egg: A Multifaceted Biomaterial for Tissue Engineering. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021; 60:17348-17364. [PMID: 35317347 PMCID: PMC8935878 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Most components in avian eggs, offering a natural and environmentally friendly source of raw materials, hold great potential in tissue engineering. An avian egg consists of several beneficial elements: the protective eggshell, the eggshell membrane, the egg white (albumen), and the egg yolk (vitellus). The eggshell is mostly composed of calcium carbonate and has intrinsic biological properties that stimulate bone repair. It is a suitable precursor for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate, which are particularly relevant for bone tissue engineering. The eggshell membrane is a thin protein-based layer with a fibrous structure and is constituted of several valuable biopolymers, such as collagen and hyaluronic acid, that are also found in the human extracellular matrix. As a result, the eggshell membrane has found several applications in skin tissue repair and regeneration. The egg white is a protein-rich material that is under investigation for the design of functional protein-based hydrogel scaffolds. The egg yolk, mostly composed of lipids but also diverse essential nutrients (e.g., proteins, minerals, vitamins), has potential applications in wound healing and bone tissue engineering. This review summarizes the advantages and status of each egg component in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but also covers their current limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahriar Mahdavi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Armin Amirsadeghi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71348-51154, Iran
| | - Arman Jafari
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71348-51154, Iran
| | - Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02128, United States
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Gwon Y, Park S, Kim W, Han T, Kim H, Kim J. Radially patterned transplantable biodegradable scaffolds as topographically defined contact guidance platforms for accelerating bone regeneration. J Biol Eng 2021; 15:12. [PMID: 33752709 PMCID: PMC7986475 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-021-00263-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healing of large critical-sized bone defects remains a clinical challenge in modern orthopedic medicine. The current gold standard for treating critical-sized bone defects is autologous bone graft; however, it has critical limitations. Bone tissue engineering has been proposed as a viable alternative, not only for replacing the current standard treatment, but also for producing complete regeneration of bone tissue without complex surgical treatments or tissue transplantation. In this study, we proposed a transplantable radially patterned scaffold for bone regeneration that was defined by capillary force lithography technology using biodegradable polycaprolactone polymer. RESULTS The radially patterned transplantable biodegradable scaffolds had a radial structure aligned in a central direction. The radially aligned pattern significantly promoted the recruitment of host cells and migration of osteoblasts into the defect site. Furthermore, the transplantable scaffolds promoted regeneration of critical-sized bone defects by inducing cell migration and differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that topographically defined radially patterned transplantable biodegradable scaffolds may have great potential for clinical application of bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghyun Gwon
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunho Park
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Woochan Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeseong Han
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoseong Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jangho Kim
- Department of Rural and Biosystems Engineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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