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Mazzoli R, Pescarolo S, Gilli G, Gilardi G, Valetti F. Hydrogen production pathways in Clostridia and their improvement by metabolic engineering. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108379. [PMID: 38754796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Biological production of hydrogen has a tremendous potential as an environmentally sustainable technology to generate a clean fuel. Among the different available methods to produce biohydrogen, dark fermentation features the highest productivity and can be used as a means to dispose of organic waste biomass. Within this approach, Clostridia have the highest theoretical H2 production yield. Nonetheless, most strains show actual yields far lower than the theoretical maximum: improving their efficiency becomes necessary for achieving cost-effective fermentation processes. This review aims at providing a survey of the metabolic network involved in H2 generation in Clostridia and strategies used to improve it through metabolic engineering. Together with current achievements, a number of future perspectives to implement these results will be illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mazzoli
- Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy.
| | - Simone Pescarolo
- Biology applied to the environment, Laboratories of microbiology and ecotoxicology, Ecobioqual, Environment Park. Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gilli
- Department of Sciences of Public Health and Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Torino, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gilardi
- Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Valetti
- Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Torino, Italy.
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Feng J, Wang Q, Qin Z, Guo X, Fu H, Yang ST, Wang J. Development of inducible promoters for regulating gene expression in Clostridium tyrobutyricum for biobutanol production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:1518-1531. [PMID: 38548678 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Clostridium tyrobutyricum is an anaerobe known for its ability to produce short-chain fatty acids, alcohols, and esters. We aimed to develop inducible promoters for fine-tuning gene expression in C. tyrobutyricum. Synthetic inducible promoters were created by employing an Escherichia coli lac operator to regulate the thiolase promoter (PCathl) from Clostridium acetobutylicum, with the best one (LacI-Pto4s) showing a 5.86-fold dynamic range with isopropyl β- d-thiogalactoside (IPTG) induction. A LT-Pt7 system with a dynamic range of 11.6-fold was then created by combining LacI-Pto4s with a T7 expression system composing of RNA polymerase (T7RNAP) and Pt7lac promoter. Furthermore, two inducible expression systems BgaR-PbgaLA and BgaR-PbgaLB with a dynamic range of ~40-fold were developed by optimizing a lactose-inducible expression system from Clostridium perfringens with modified 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) and ribosome-binding site (RBS). BgaR-PbgaLB was then used to regulate the expressions of a bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase encoded by adhE2 and butyryl-CoA/acetate Co-A transferase encoded by cat1 in C. tyrobutyricum wild type and Δcat1::adhE2, respectively, demonstrating its efficient inducible gene regulation. The regulated cat1 expression also confirmed that the Cat1-catalyzed reaction was responsible for acetate assimilation in C. tyrobutyricum. The inducible promoters offer new tools for tuning gene expression in C. tyrobutyricum for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Qingke Wang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhen Qin
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaolong Guo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Fu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shang-Tian Yang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Furuya K, Kiyoshi K, Punjuy C, Yoshida N, Maruyama R, Yasuda T, Watanabe K, Kadokura T, Nakayama S. Effect of spo0A, sigE, sigG, and sigK disruption on butanol production and spore formation in Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 (ATCC13564). J Biosci Bioeng 2023; 136:198-204. [PMID: 37487916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum strain N1-4 (ATCC13564) is a butanol-producing strain suitable for application to butanol production from cellulosic materials by co-culture with cellulolytic and thermophilic species, such as Hungateiclostridium thermocellum (synonym: Clostridium thermocellum). The optimal temperature for butanol production by strain N1-4 is 30 °C, and the strain is sensitive to a high culture temperature of 37 °C. Given that spore formation is observed at high frequency when strain N1-4 is cultivated at 37 °C, we assumed in a previous study that the initiation of sporulation is related to a decrease in butanol production. Therefore, to investigate the relationship between butanol production and spore formation, we generated strain N1-4 isolates in which genes related to spore formation were disrupted. The sporulation-related gene disruptants of spo0A, sigE, sigG, and sigK lost the ability to produce heat-resistant spores, irrespective of the culture temperature. Among the gene disruptants produced, only the spo0A disruptant lost butanol-producing ability when cultivated at 30 °C. Interestingly, the sigE disruptant maintained butanol productivity similar to that observed at 30 °C, even when cultivated at 37 °C. In addition, the sigE disruptant successfully produced butanol from Avicel cellulose by co-culture with H. thermocellum at a fermentation temperature of 37 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Furuya
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Keiji Kiyoshi
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadainishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Chaophaya Punjuy
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadainishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Naoto Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Applied Bioscience, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuenkibanadainishi, Miyazaki-shi, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Risa Maruyama
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Yasuda
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kota Watanabe
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Toshimori Kadokura
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan
| | - Shunichi Nakayama
- Department of Fermentation Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.
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Metabolic Engineering of Microorganisms to Produce Pyruvate and Derived Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031418. [PMID: 36771084 PMCID: PMC9919917 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate is a hub of various endogenous metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, TCA cycle, amino acid, and fatty acid biosynthesis. It has also been used as a precursor for pyruvate-derived compounds such as acetoin, 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD), butanol, butyrate, and L-alanine biosynthesis. Pyruvate and derivatives are widely utilized in food, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, feed additives, and bioenergy industries. However, compounds such as pyruvate, acetoin, and butanol are often chemically synthesized from fossil feedstocks, resulting in declining fossil fuels and increasing environmental pollution. Metabolic engineering is a powerful tool for producing eco-friendly chemicals from renewable biomass resources through microbial fermentation. Here, we review and systematically summarize recent advances in the biosynthesis pathways, regulatory mechanisms, and metabolic engineering strategies for pyruvate and derivatives. Furthermore, the establishment of sustainable industrial synthesis platforms based on alternative substrates and new tools to produce these compounds is elaborated. Finally, we discuss the potential difficulties in the current metabolic engineering of pyruvate and derivatives and promising strategies for constructing efficient producers.
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Zhang Y, Bailey TS, Kubiak AM, Lambin P, Theys J. Heterologous Gene Regulation in Clostridia: Rationally Designed Gene Regulation for Industrial and Medical Applications. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:3817-3828. [PMID: 36265075 PMCID: PMC9680021 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Several species from the Clostridium genus show promise as industrial solvent producers and cancer therapeutic delivery vehicles. Previous development of shuttle plasmids and genome editing tools has aided the study of these species and enabled their exploitation in industrial and medical applications. Nevertheless, the precise control of gene expression is still hindered by the limited range of characterized promoters. To address this, libraries of promoters (native and synthetic), 5' UTRs, and alternative start codons were constructed. These constructs were tested in Escherichia coli K-12, Clostridium sporogenes NCIMB 10696, and Clostridium butyricum DSM 10702, using β-glucuronidase (gusA) as a gene reporter. Promoter activity was corroborated using a second gene reporter, nitroreductase (nmeNTR) from Neisseria meningitides. A strong correlation was observed between the two reporters. In C. sporogenes and C. butyricum, respectively, changes in GusA activity between the weakest and strongest expressing levels were 129-fold and 78-fold. Similar results were obtained with the nmeNTR. Using the GusA reporter, translation initiation from six alternative (non-AUG) start codons was measured in E. coli, C. sporogenes, and C. butyricum. Clearly, species-specific differences between clostridia and E. coli in translation initiation were observed, and the performance of the start codons was influenced by the upstream 5' UTR sequence. These results highlight a new opportunity for gene control in recombinant clostridia. To demonstrate the value of these results, expression of the sacB gene from Bacillus subtilis was optimized for use as a novel negative selection marker in C. butyricum. In summary, these results indicate improvements in the understanding of heterologous gene regulation in Clostridium species and E. coli cloning strains. This new knowledge can be utilized for rationally designed gene regulation in Clostridium-mediated industrial and medical applications, as well as fundamental research into the biology of Clostridium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchao Zhang
- The
M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School of Oncology
and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands,
| | - Tom S. Bailey
- The
M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School of Oncology
and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandra M. Kubiak
- The
M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School of Oncology
and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands,Exomnis
Biotech BV, Oxfordlaan
55, 6229 EV Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Philippe Lambin
- The
M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School of Oncology
and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Theys
- The
M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School of Oncology
and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Xie W, Zhang Z, Bai S, Wu YR. Extracellular expression of agarolytic enzymes in Clostridium sp. strain and its application for butanol production from Gelidium amansii. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127962. [PMID: 36115509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Clostridium sp. strain WK-AN1 carrying both genes of agarase (Aga0283) and neoagarobiose hydrolase (NH2780) were successfully constructed to convert agar polysaccharide directly into butanol, contributing to overcome the lack of algal hydrolases in solventogenic clostridia. Through the optimization by the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM), a maximal butanol production of 6.42 g/L was achieved from 17.86 g/L agar. Further application of utilizing the butyric acid pretreated Gelidium amansii hydrolysate demonstrated the modified strain obtained the butanol production of 7.83 g/L by 1.63-fold improvement over the wild-type one. This work for the first time establishes a novel route to utilize red algal polysaccharides for butanol fermentation by constructing a solventogenic clostridia-specific secretory expression system for heterologous agarases, which will provide insights for future development of the sustainable third-generation biomass energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- Tidetron Bioworks Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Qianxiang Bioworks Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Shengkai Bai
- Department of Biology, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Yi-Rui Wu
- Tidetron Bioworks Technology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Qianxiang Bioworks Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
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Re A, Mazzoli R. Current progress on engineering microbial strains and consortia for production of cellulosic butanol through consolidated bioprocessing. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 16:238-261. [PMID: 36168663 PMCID: PMC9871528 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, fermentative production of n-butanol has regained substantial interest mainly owing to its use as drop-in-fuel. The use of lignocellulose as an alternative to traditional acetone-butanol-ethanol fermentation feedstocks (starchy biomass and molasses) can significantly increase the economic competitiveness of biobutanol over production from non-renewable sources (petroleum). However, the low cost of lignocellulose is offset by its high recalcitrance to biodegradation which generally requires chemical-physical pre-treatment and multiple bioreactor-based processes. The development of consolidated processing (i.e., single-pot fermentation) can dramatically reduce lignocellulose fermentation costs and promote its industrial application. Here, strategies for developing microbial strains and consortia that feature both efficient (hemi)cellulose depolymerization and butanol production will be depicted, that is, rational metabolic engineering of native (hemi)cellulolytic or native butanol-producing or other suitable microorganisms; protoplast fusion of (hemi)cellulolytic and butanol-producing strains; and co-culture of (hemi)cellulolytic and butanol-producing microbes. Irrespective of the fermentation feedstock, biobutanol production is inherently limited by the severe toxicity of this solvent that challenges process economic viability. Hence, an overview of strategies for developing butanol hypertolerant strains will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Re
- Centre for Sustainable Future TechnologiesFondazione Istituto Italiano di TecnologiaTorinoItaly,Department of Applied Science and TechnologyPolitecnico di TorinoTurinItaly
| | - Roberto Mazzoli
- Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorinoTorinoItaly
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Shanbhag AP, Ghatak A, Rajagopal S. Industrial light at the end of the Iron-containing (group III) alcohol dehydrogenase tunnel. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 70:537-552. [PMID: 35751426 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There are three prominent alcohol dehydrogenases superfamilies: Short-chain, Medium-chain, and Iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases (FeADHs). Many members are valuable catalysts for producing industrially relevant products such as Active pharmaceutical Intermediates, Chiral synthons, Biopolymers, Biofuels and secondary metabolites. However, FeADHs are the least explored enzymes among the superfamilies for commercial tenacities. They portray a conserved structure having a 'tunnel-like' cofactor and substrate binding site with particular functions, despite representing high sequence diversity. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis demarcates enzymes catalyzing distinct native substrates where closely related clades convert similar molecules. Further, homologs from various mesophilic and thermophilic microbes have been explored for designing a solvent and temperature resistant enzyme for industrial purposes. The review explores different Iron-containing alcohol dehydrogenases potential engineering of the enzymes and substrates helpful in manufacturing commercial products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh P Shanbhag
- Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), UAS GKVK Campus, Bangalore, 560065.,Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Arindam Ghatak
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India.,Biomoneta Research Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), UAS GKVK Campus, Bangalore, 560065
| | - Sreenath Rajagopal
- Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), UAS GKVK Campus, Bangalore, 560065
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Kim SR, Eckert CA, Mazzoli R. Editorial: Microorganisms for Consolidated 2nd Generation Biorefining. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:940610. [PMID: 35783433 PMCID: PMC9248810 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.940610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Rin Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Carrie A. Eckert
- Synthetic Biology Group, Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Roberto Mazzoli
- Structural and Functional Biochemistry, Laboratory of Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- *Correspondence: Roberto Mazzoli
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Joshi A, Verma KK, D Rajput V, Minkina T, Arora J. Recent advances in metabolic engineering of microorganisms for advancing lignocellulose-derived biofuels. Bioengineered 2022; 13:8135-8163. [PMID: 35297313 PMCID: PMC9161965 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2051856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Combating climate change and ensuring energy supply to a rapidly growing global population has highlighted the need to replace petroleum fuels with clean, and sustainable renewable fuels. Biofuels offer a solution to safeguard energy security with reduced ecological footprint and process economics. Over the past years, lignocellulosic biomass has become the most preferred raw material for the production of biofuels, such as fuel, alcohol, biodiesel, and biohydrogen. However, the cost-effective conversion of lignocellulose into biofuels remains an unsolved challenge at the industrial scale. Recently, intensive efforts have been made in lignocellulose feedstock and microbial engineering to address this problem. By improving the biological pathways leading to the polysaccharide, lignin, and lipid biosynthesis, limited success has been achieved, and still needs to improve sustainable biofuel production. Impressive success is being achieved by the retouring metabolic pathways of different microbial hosts. Several robust phenotypes, mostly from bacteria and yeast domains, have been successfully constructed with improved substrate spectrum, product yield and sturdiness against hydrolysate toxins. Cyanobacteria is also being explored for metabolic advancement in recent years, however, it also remained underdeveloped to generate commercialized biofuels. The bacterium Escherichia coli and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains are also being engineered to have cell surfaces displaying hydrolytic enzymes, which holds much promise for near-term scale-up and biorefinery use. Looking forward, future advances to achieve economically feasible production of lignocellulosic-based biofuels with special focus on designing more efficient metabolic pathways coupled with screening, and engineering of novel enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Joshi
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic improvement/Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning - 530007, China
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, 344090, Russia
| | - Jaya Arora
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India,CONTACT Jaya Arora Laboratory of Biomolecular Technology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur313001, India
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Abstract
Abstract
In the last decade, there was observed a growing demand for both n-butanol as a potential fuel or fuel additive, and propylene as the only raw material for production of alcohol and other more bulky propylene chemical derivatives with faster growing outputs (polymers, propylene oxide, and acrylic acid). The predictable oilfield depletion and the European Green Deal adoption stimulated interest in alternative processes for n-butanol production, especially those involving bio-based materials. Their commercialization will promote additional market penetration of n-butanol for its application as a basic chemical. We analyze briefly the current status of two most advanced bio-based processes, i.e. ethanol–to-n-butanol and acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In the second part of the review, studies of n-butanol and ABE conversion to valuable products are considered with an emphasis on the most perspective catalytic systems and variants of the future processes realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisa Pinaeva
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Alexandr Noskov
- Department of Technology of Catalytic Processes, Boreskov Institute of Catalysis , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
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Patakova P, Branska B, Vasylkivska M, Jureckova K, Musilova J, Provaznik I, Sedlar K. Transcriptomic studies of solventogenic clostridia, Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium beijerinckii. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 58:107889. [PMID: 34929313 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Solventogenic clostridia are not a strictly defined group within the genus Clostridium but its representatives share some common features, i.e. they are anaerobic, non-pathogenic, non-toxinogenic and endospore forming bacteria. Their main metabolite is typically 1-butanol but depending on species and culture conditions, they can form other metabolites such as acetone, isopropanol, ethanol, butyric, lactic and acetic acids, and hydrogen. Although these organisms were previously used for the industrial production of solvents, they later fell into disuse, being replaced by more efficient chemical production. A return to a more biological production of solvents therefore requires a thorough understanding of clostridial metabolism. Transcriptome analysis, which reflects the involvement of individual genes in all cellular processes within a population, at any given (sampling) moment, is a valuable tool for gaining a deeper insight into clostridial life. In this review, we describe techniques to study transcription, summarize the evolution of these techniques and compare methods for data processing and visualization of solventogenic clostridia, particularly the species Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium beijerinckii. Individual approaches for evaluating transcriptomic data are compared and their contributions to advancements in the field are assessed. Moreover, utilization of transcriptomic data for reconstruction of computational clostridial metabolic models is considered and particular models are described. Transcriptional changes in glucose transport, central carbon metabolism, the sporulation cycle, butanol and butyrate stress responses, the influence of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors on growth and solvent production, and other respective topics, are addressed and common trends are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Patakova
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbora Branska
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Maryna Vasylkivska
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jana Musilova
- Brno University of Technology, Technicka 10, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivo Provaznik
- Brno University of Technology, Technicka 10, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Sedlar
- Brno University of Technology, Technicka 10, 61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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