Proximal jejunal and distal ileal extrinsic innervation in the rabbit and dog

Effect of actively transported hexoses on afferent nerve discharge from rat small intestine

1. The afferent discharge of mesenteric nerves has been recorded while perfusing salines of different composition through the lumen of rat ileum. The p.d. across the ileum and hexose absorption have also been measured. 2. The ileal mesenteric nerves were sensitive to actively transported hexoses. The discharge recorded increased dramatically on perfusion with 10 or 50 mM-glucose, quietening within 3 min of returning to glucose-free saline. A similar response was obtained with galactose. 3. No change in afferent discharge could be detected on perfusion of mannitol or the slowly transferred hexose, mannose. It is concluded that the response to glucose and galactose is not dependent on the stimulation of non-specific luminal osmoreceptors. 4. Phlorhizin prevented glucose from increasing the afferent nerve discharge. Subsequent perfusion with saline removed the phlorhizin and an afferent nerve response to glucose was restored. It is concluded that this response requires glucose transfer beyond the phlorhizin-sensitive glucose entry mechanism at the luminal side of the mucosal epithelial cell. 5. Very small amounts of glucose or galactose were absorbed under the conditions employed. The time course for the change in p.d. correlated well with that described for the alteration in afferent nerve discharge. 6. Electron micrographs show that ileal nerves consist of bundles of small non-myelinated fibres of approximately 1 micron diameter. 7. The significance of the findings is discussed remembering that carbohydrate absorption is considered to be completed normally in the jejunum.

A hypothesis on some factors governing the behaviour of short segments of the small bowel

A hypothesis is advanced in which it is argued that variations in the extrinsic autonomic innervation of short small-bowel segments are responsible for the unpredictable behaviour of such segments. Experimental evidence is offered to substantiate the hypothesis.