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Lin T, Wang YE, Cui N, Li M, Wang R, Bai J, Fan Y, Xiong D, Xue F, Walsh PJ, Mao J. Nickel-Catalyzed Cross-Electrophile Coupling of 1,2,3-Benzotriazin-4(3 H)-ones with Aryl Bromides. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16567-16577. [PMID: 36455282 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of 1,2,3-benzotriazin-4(3H)-ones with aryl bromides to generate a diverse array of ortho-arylated benzamide derivatives has been developed. The reaction displayed good functional group tolerance with Zn as the reductant. The key to this transformation is the ring opening of benzotriazinones, which undergo a denitrogenative process to obtain various benzamide derivatives (29 examples, 42-93% yield). The scalability of this transformation was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzhi Lin
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yan-En Wang
- College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, P. R. China
| | - Ning Cui
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Miaohui Li
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Bai
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - YiRan Fan
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xiong
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
| | - Fei Xue
- Institute of Material Physics & Chemistry, College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
| | - Patrick J Walsh
- Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Jianyou Mao
- Technical Institute of Fluorochemistry, Institute of Advanced Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China
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Vierstraete J, Fieuws C, Willaert A, Vral A, Claes KBM. Zebrafish as an in vivo screening tool to establish PARP inhibitor efficacy. DNA Repair (Amst) 2020; 97:103023. [PMID: 33341473 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2020.103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Double strand break (DSB) repair through Homologous Recombination (HR) is essential in maintaining genomic stability of the cell. Mutations in the HR pathway confer an increased risk for breast, ovarian, pancreatic and prostate cancer. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are compounds that specifically target tumours deficient in HR. Novel PARPi are constantly being developed, but research is still heavily focussed on in vitro data, with mouse xenografts only being used in late stages of development. There is a need for assays that can: 1) provide in vivo data, 2) early in the development process of novel PARPi, 3) provide fast results and 4) at an affordable cost. Here we propose a combination of in vivo zebrafish assays to accurately quantify PARP inhibitor efficacy. We showed that PARPi display functional effects in zebrafish, generally correlating with their PARP trapping capacities. Furthermore, we displayed how olaparib mediated radiosensitization is conserved in our zebrafish model. These assays could aid the development of novel PARPi by providing early in vivo data. In addition, using zebrafish allows for high-throughput testing of combination therapies in search of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Vierstraete
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Fieuws
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Willaert
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Zebrafish Facility Ghent, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Vral
- Department of Human Structure and Repair, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Bertha Michaël Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
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Gurkan-Alp AS, Alp M, Karabay AZ, Koc A, Buyukbingol E. Synthesis of Some Benzimidazole-derived Molecules and their Effects on PARP-1 Activity and MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cell Viability. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1728-1738. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200502001953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Poly (ADP-ribosyl) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors are compounds that are used to
treat cancers, which are defective in DNA-repair and DNA Damage-Response (DDR) pathways.
Objective:
In this study, a series of potential PARP-1 inhibitor substituted (piperazine-1-carbonyl)phenyl)-1Hbenzo[
d]imidazole-4-carboxamide compounds were synthesised and tested for their PARP-1 inhibitory and anticancer
activities.
Methods:
Compounds were tested by cell-free colorimetric PARP-1 activity and MTT assay in MDA-MB-231,
MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-468 breast cancer, and L929 fibroblast cell lines.
Results:
Our results showed that compound 6a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells
whereas 8a inhibited viability in MDA-MB-468 cells. Compound 6b significantly inhibited cell viability in
tested cancer cells. However, 6b exhibited toxicity in L929 cells, whereas 6a and 8a were found to be non-toxic
for L929 cells. Compounds 6a, 6b and 8a exhibited significant inhibition of PARP-1 activity.
Conclusion:
These three compounds exhibited PARP-1 inhibitory activities and anticancer effects on breast
cancer cells, and further research will enlighten the underlying mechanisms of their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Selen Gurkan-Alp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alp
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Z. Karabay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asli Koc
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erdem Buyukbingol
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, 06560 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
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A Small Compound KJ-28d Enhances the Sensitivity of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer to Radio- and Chemotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20236026. [PMID: 31795418 PMCID: PMC6928747 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported on a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1/2 inhibitor N-(3-(hydroxycarbamoyl)phenyl)carboxamide (designated KJ-28d), which increased the death of human ovarian cancer BRCA1-deficient SNU-251 cells. In the present study, we further investigated the antitumor activities of KJ-28d in BRCA-proficient non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to expand the use of PARP inhibitors. KJ-28d significantly inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo, and induced DNA damage and reactive oxygen species in A549 and H1299 cells. Combined treatment with KJ-28d and ionizing radiation led to increased DNA damage responses in A549 and H1299 cells compared to KJ-28d or ionizing radiation alone, resulting in apoptotic cell death. Moreover, the combination of KJ-28d plus a DNA-damaging therapeutic agent (carboplatin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, or doxorubicin) synergistically inhibited cell proliferation, compared to either drug alone. Taken together, the findings demonstrate the potential of KJ-28d as an effective anti-cancer therapeutic agent for BRCA-deficient and -proficient cancer cells. KJ-28d might have potential as an adjuvant when used in combination with radiotherapy or DNA-damaging agents, pending further investigations.
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Jain PG, Patel BD. Medicinal chemistry approaches of poly ADP-Ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) inhibitors as anticancer agents - A recent update. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 165:198-215. [PMID: 30684797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase1 (PARP1) is a member of 17 membered PARP family having diversified biological functions such as synthetic lethality, DNA repair, apoptosis, necrosis, histone binding etc. It is primarily a chromatin-bound nuclear enzyme that gets activated by DNA damage. It binds to DNA signal- and double-strand breaks, does parylation of target proteins (using NAD+ as a substrate) like histones and other DNA repair proteins and modifies them as a part of DNA repair mechanism. Inhibition of PARP1 prevents the DNA repair and leads to cell death. Clinically, PARP1 Inhibitors have shown their potential in treating BRCAm breast and ovarian cancers and trials are going on for the treatment of other solid tumors like pancreatic, prostate, colorectal etc. as a single agent or in combination. There are currently three FDA approved PARP1 inhibitors namely Olaparib, Rucaparib and Niraparib in the market while Veliparib and Talazoparib are in the late stage of clinical development. All these molecules are nonselective PARP1 inhibitors with concurrent inhibition of PARP2 with similar potency. In addition, resistance to marketed PARP1 inhibitors has been reported. Overall, looking at the success rate of PARP1 inhibitors into various solid tumors, there is an urge of a novel and selective PARP1 inhibitors. This review provides an update on various newer heterocyclic PARP1 inhibitors reported in last three years along with their structural design strategies. We classified them into two main chemical classes; NAD analogues and non-NAD analogues and discussed the medicinal chemistry approaches of each class. To understand the structural features required for in-silico designing of next-generation PARP1 inhibitors, we also reported the crucial amino acid interactions of these inhibitors at the target site. Thus, present review provides the insight on recent development on new lead structures as PARP1 inhibitors, their SAR, an overview of in-vitro and in-vivo screening methods, current challenges and opinion on future designing of more selective and safe PARP1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyancy G Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India
| | - Bhumika D Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382481, India.
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