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Cho H, Jang S, Lee K, Cha D, Min SJ. Visible-Light-Induced DDQ-Catalyzed Fluorocarbamoylation Using CF 3SO 2Na and Oxygen. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37987781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of carbamoyl fluorides via visible-light induced DDQ catalysis of secondary amines is described. This protocol employs sodium trifluorosulfinate and molecular oxygen for the in situ generation of carbonyl difluoride, which is reacted with amines to afford the corresponding carbamoyl fluorides efficiently. Moreover, carbamoyl fluorides are easily transformed to synthetically useful carbonyl compounds under mild reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijeong Cho
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonga Jang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangjoo Lee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Dohoon Cha
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Joon Min
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Center for Bionano Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical & Molecular Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
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Park SH, Lee S. Selective Synthesis of ( Z)- and ( E)-β-Fluoro-α,β-Unsaturated Amides Using Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation. Org Lett 2023; 25:6925-6930. [PMID: 37690119 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The selective synthesis of (Z)- and (E)-β-fluoro-α,β-unsaturated amides via the palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of 1-fluoro-2,2-diiodovinylarenes is described in the present study. Using {Pd(allyl)Cl}2 as a catalyst and DBU as a base in DMF, the primary product is (Z)-isomers. Conversely, the use of a Xantphos ligand along with {Pd(allyl)Cl}2 and Et3N as the bases in 1,4-dioxane leads to the selective formation of (E)-isomers. Notably, 1-fluoro-2,2-diiodovinylarenes with various substituents on the phenyl ring react with various secondary amines, producing the corresponding (Z)-isomeric amides with a high yield and selectivity. In contrast, (E)-isomeric amides exhibit lower yields and restricted applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyeon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen AT, Kim HK. Recent Developments in PET and SPECT Radiotracers as Radiopharmaceuticals for Hypoxia Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1840. [PMID: 37514026 PMCID: PMC10385036 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia, a deficiency in the levels of oxygen, is a common feature of most solid tumors and induces many characteristics of cancer. Hypoxia is associated with metastases and strong resistance to radio- and chemotherapy, and can decrease the accuracy of cancer prognosis. Non-invasive imaging methods such as positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) using hypoxia-targeting radiopharmaceuticals have been used for the detection and therapy of tumor hypoxia. Nitroimidazoles are bioreducible moieties that can be selectively reduced under hypoxic conditions covalently bind to intracellular macromolecules, and are trapped within hypoxic cells and tissues. Recently, there has been a strong motivation to develop PET and SPECT radiotracers as radiopharmaceuticals containing nitroimidazole moieties for the visualization and treatment of hypoxic tumors. In this review, we summarize the development of some novel PET and SPECT radiotracers as radiopharmaceuticals containing nitroimidazoles, as well as their physicochemical properties, in vitro cellular uptake values, in vivo biodistribution, and PET/SPECT imaging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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Nguyen AT, Kim HK. Recent Advances of 68Ga-Labeled PET Radiotracers with Nitroimidazole in the Diagnosis of Hypoxia Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10552. [PMID: 37445730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive molecular imaging method extensively applied in the detection and treatment of various diseases. Hypoxia is a common phenomenon found in most solid tumors. Nitroimidazole is a group of bioreducible pharmacophores that selectively accumulate in hypoxic regions of the body. Over the past few decades, many scientists have reported the use of radiopharmaceuticals containing nitroimidazole for the detection of hypoxic tumors. Gallium-68, a positron-emitting radioisotope, has a favorable half-life time of 68 min and can be conveniently produced by 68Ge/68Ga generators. Recently, there has been significant progress in the preparation of novel 68Ga-labeled complexes bearing nitroimidazole moieties for the diagnosis of hypoxia. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of developing 68Ga-labeled radiopharmaceuticals with nitroimidazole moieties, their pharmacokinetics, and in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as PET imaging studies for hypoxic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Thu Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kwon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School and Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
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5
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Atriardi SR, Kim J, Anita Y, Woo SK. Synthesis of
gem
‐difluoroalkenes
via
photoredox‐catalyzed
defluoroaryloxymethylation of
α‐trifluoromethyl
alkenes. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae‐Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea
| | - Yulia Anita
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea
- Research Center for Chemistry National Research and Innovation Agency Jakarta Pusat Indonesia
| | - Sang Kook Woo
- Department of Chemistry University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea
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