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Wang L, Wen L, Pan Y, Zhang X, Chen H, Liu Z, Huang L. Metabolism and Tissue Elimination of Diaveridine in Swine, Chickens, and Rats Using Radioactive Tracing Coupled with LC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37036393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c09159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Diaveridine (DVD) has widespread use in food animals due to its antibacterial synergistic effects. This study revealed the metabolism, excretion, and tissue elimination of DVD in swine, chickens, and rats following oral gavage of 10 mg/kg b.w. tritium-labeled DVD using radioactive tracing coupled with liquid chromatography-electron spray ionization-ion trap-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-IT-TOF/MS). The metabolic pathways involved demethylation, α-hydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfonylation and produced four metabolites in swine (M0, DVD; M1, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD; M2, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD-O-glucuronide; M4, 2/4-glucuronidated-DVD) and five in chickens (M0∼M2; M3, α-hydroxy-DVD; M4) and rats (M0∼M3; M5, 3'/4'-demethyl-DVD-O-sulfation). M0 was dominant in the excreta of chicken and female and male rats, while M2 was mainly excreted in swine. Among the three species studied, M0 was the most persistent in the kidneys (t1/2 3.15-3.89 d); therefore, M0 kidney levels are residue monitoring targets. This study enabled a thorough comprehension of the metabolism and pharmacokinetic characteristics of DVD in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, PR China
| | - Lihua Wen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, Henan 471934, PR China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
- MOA Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
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Wang L, Wen L, Pan Y, Wang Z, Zhou K, Mi K, Liu Z, Qu W, Huang L. Metabolite Identification and Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Diaveridine in the Plasma of Pigs and Chickens Based on Radioactive Tracing Coupled With LC/MS-IT-TOF Assay. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:799773. [PMID: 35118152 PMCID: PMC8803906 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.799773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diaveridine (DVD) is widely used for the prevention and treatment of coccidiosis and leucocytozoonosis infections in food-producing animals. To gain a better understanding of DVD metabolism and pharmacokinetics in healthy Landrace/Doric Cross castrated male pigs and both female and male Cobb 500 broiler chickens, a method involving radioactive tracing coupled with LC/MS-IT-TOF was developed for the identification and quantitation of DVD and its metabolites in pig and chicken plasma, and then was applied to investigate DVD pharmacokinetics. A simple MCX solid phase extraction procedure was adopted for sample preparation. After a single oral administration of 3H-DVD (10 mg/kg BW), three radioactive compounds (D0: DVD; D1: 3'-desmethyl-DVD; and D2: monoglucuronide of 3'-desmethyl-DVD) were identified in pig plasma, while only two radioactive compounds (D0 and D2) were identified in chicken plasma. In both species, the C max values for all detected compounds were reached at 2 h after dosing. The C max order was D2 (1.38 μg/ml) > D0 (0.49 μg/ml) > D1 (0.24 μg/ml) in pigs and D0 (1.55 μg/ml) > D2 (0.27 μg/ml) in chickens. The longer t 1/2 (elimination half-life) of D0 contributed to the slow elimination of DVD-related compounds. The t 1/2β of D0 in pigs (66.41 h) was significantly longer than that in chickens (48.30 h), but the t 1/2 of total DVD-related metabolites in pigs (42.86 h) was lower than that in chickens (56.11 h). These findings suggested that the metabolism and pharmacokinetics of DVD in pigs and chickens were significantly different, and that this would affect its effectiveness, toxicology, and food safety in these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liye Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Lihua Wen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Mi
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Development of radioactive tracing coupled with LC/MS-IT-TOF methodology for the discovery and identification of diaveridine metabolites in pigs. Food Chem 2021; 363:130200. [PMID: 34120054 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed a sensitive and reliable method by coupling radiotracing with LC/MS-IT-TOF to identify diaveridine metabolites. Tritium-labeled diaveridine was orally administered to pigs and their organs, blood, bile, and excreta were collected. Under optimized conditions, radioactive recovery was >90% and the highest numbers of metabolites were detected. MCX-based solid-phase extraction was conducted for urine, plasma, and bile purification. Methanol-chloroform 1:1 (v/v), methanol-chloroform 6:1 (v/v), methanol, methanol-chloroform 1:1 (v/v), and methanol were used as solvents to extract feces, liver, kidney, fat and muscle, respectively. The method validation confirmed satisfactory 3H-H exchange efficiency (<5%), chromatographic column efficiency (≥97.5%), LOQ (10.73 μg/kg), and analytical accuracy (97.6-107.8%) and precision (RSD < 5%). Moreover, novel in vivo metabolites were detected in the pigs, including D2 (3'-desmethyl-diaveridine monoglucuronide), D3 (diaveridine monoglucuronide). Hence, the analytical method developed herein lays an empirical foundation for further systematic studies of the diaveridine metabolism.
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Han X, Sheng F, Kong D, Wang Y, Pan Y, Chen M, Tao Y, Liu Z, Ahmed S, Yuan Z, Peng D. Broad-spectrum monoclonal antibody and a sensitive multi-residue indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the antibacterial synergists in samples of animal origin. Food Chem 2019; 280:20-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Li H, Ma S, Zhang X, Li C, Dong B, Mujtaba MG, Wei Y, Liang X, Yu X, Wen K, Yu W, Shen J, Wang Z. Generic Hapten Synthesis, Broad-Specificity Monoclonal Antibodies Preparation, and Ultrasensitive ELISA for Five Antibacterial Synergists in Chicken and Milk. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:11170-11179. [PMID: 30251847 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An antibody with broad specificity and principally depending on hapten structure and size is a key reagent for developing a class-selective immunoassay. In the present study, three new generic haptens of antibacterial synergists (ASGs) were proposed using trimethoprim as the starting molecule. These haptens contained carboxyl groups on the meta position of trimethoxybenzene for conjugating to protein, while, the common moiety of ASGs, i.e., diaminopyrimidine, was intentionally and maximally exposed to the immune system in animals in order to induce antibodies with broad specificity against ASGs. Five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were finally obtained, and 5C4 from the hapten with a short spacer arm, named Hapten A, showed not only uniform broad specificity but also high affinity to all five ASGs. We further determined the possible recognition mechanism of mAbs in terms of conformational and electronic aspects. An indirect competitive ELISA (icELISA)-based 5C4 was established and exhibited IC50 values of 0.067-0.139 μg L-1 with cross-reactivity of 48.2%-418.7% for the five ASGs in buffer under optimal conditions. The calculated limits of detection of the icELISA for chicken and milk were 0.06-0.8 μg kg-1 and 0.05-0.6 μg L-1, respectively. The recoveries in spiked chicken and milk samples were 75.2%-101.4% with a coefficient of variation less than 14.3%. In summary, we have developed, for the first time, a rapid and reliable icELISA for ASGs with significantly improved sensitivity and class selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqin Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiya Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Henan Agricultural University , 450002 Zhengzhou , People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Baolei Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Mari Ghulam Mujtaba
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Liang
- College of Veterinary Medicine , Qingdao Agricultural University , 266109 Qingdao , People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhi Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine , China Agricultural University , 100193 Beijing , People's Republic of China
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Psutka JM, Dion-Fortier A, Dieckmann T, Campbell JL, Segura PA, Hopkins WS. Identifying Fenton-Reacted Trimethoprim Transformation Products Using Differential Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5352-5357. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod M. Psutka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Annick Dion-Fortier
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Thorsten Dieckmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - J. Larry Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
- SCIEX, 71 Four Valley Drive, Concord, Ontario L4K 4 V8, Canada
| | - Pedro A. Segura
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - W. Scott Hopkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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7
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Li YF, Guo HY, Yang F, Zhou LG, Huang XH, Ding HZ, Zeng ZL. Comparative pharmacokinetics of diaveridine in pigs and chickens following single intravenous and oral administration. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2017; 40:500-504. [PMID: 28093774 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Comparative pharmacokinetic profiles of diaveridine following single intravenous and oral dose of 10 mg/kg body weight in healthy pigs and chickens were investigated, respectively. Concentrations of diaveridine in plasma samples were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method. The concentration-time data were subjected to noncompartmental kinetic analysis by WinNonlin program. The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters in pigs or chickens after single intravenous administration were as follows, respectively: t1/2β (elimination half-life) 0.74 ± 0.28 and 3.44 ± 1.07 h; Vd (apparent volume of distribution) 2.70 ± 0.99 and 3.86 ± 0.92 L/kg; ClB (body clearance) 2.59 ± 0.62 and 0.80 ± 0.14 L/h/kg; and AUC0-∞ (area under the blood concentration vs. time curve) 4.11 ± 1.13 and 12.87 ± 2.60 μg∙h/mL. The corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters in pigs or chickens after oral administration were as follows, respectively: t1/2β 1.78 ± 0.41 and 2.91 ± 0.57 h; Cmax (maximum concentration) 0.43 ± 0.24 and 1.45 ± 0.57 μg/mL; Tmax (time to reach Cmax ) 1.04 ± 0.67 and 3.25 ± 0.71 h; and AUC0-∞ 1.33 ± 0.55 and 9.28 ± 2.69 μg∙h/mL. The oral bioavailability (F) of diaveridine in pigs or chickens was determined to be 34.6% and 72.2%, respectively. There were significant differences between the pharmacokinetics profiles in these two species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-F Li
- Public Monitoring Center for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H-Y Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - F Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - L-G Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X-H Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H-Z Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Z-L Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (SCAU), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Chen Y, Liu L, Song S, Kuang H, Xu C. Establishment of a monoclonal antibody-based indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of trimethoprim residues in milk, honey, and fish samples. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2016.1183599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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9
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Quantitative near-infrared spectroscopic analysis of trimethoprim by artificial neural networks combined with modified genetic algorithm. Chem Res Chin Univ 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-014-3410-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Identification and elucidation of the structure of in vivo metabolites of diaveridine in chicken. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 965:91-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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11
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Clarke L, Fodey TL, Crooks SR, Moloney M, O'Mahony J, Delahaut P, O'Kennedy R, Danaher M. A review of coccidiostats and the analysis of their residues in meat and other food. Meat Sci 2014; 97:358-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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van Haandel L, Goldman JL, Pearce RE, Leeder JS. Urinary Biomarkers of Trimethoprim Bioactivation in Vivo Following Therapeutic Dosing in Children. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:211-8. [DOI: 10.1021/tx4003325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon van Haandel
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s
Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, and ‡Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas
City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Jennifer. L. Goldman
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s
Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, and ‡Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas
City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Robin E. Pearce
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s
Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, and ‡Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas
City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - J. Steven Leeder
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology
and Therapeutic Innovation, Children’s
Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, and ‡Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas
City, Missouri 64108, United States
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Luo H, Zhang L, Xue F, Li Y, Wang X, Fei C, Zhang C. Simultaneous Determination of Trimethoprim and Diaveridine in Tissues of Chicken, Porcine, and Fish by Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9628-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Liu ZY. An introduction to hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with liquid chromatography applied to drug metabolism studies. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2012; 47:1627-1642. [PMID: 23280752 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism studies play an important role at various stages of drug discovery and development. Liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (LC/MS) has become a most powerful and widely used analytical tool for identifying drug metabolites. The suitability of different types of mass spectrometers for metabolite profiling differs widely, and therefore, the data quality and reliability of the results also depend on which instrumentation is used. As one of the latest LC/MS instrumentation designs, hybrid ion trap/time-of-flight MS coupled with LC (LC-IT-TOF-MS) has successfully integrated ease of operation, compatibility with LC flow rates and data-dependent MS(n) with high mass accuracy and mass resolving power. The MS(n) and accurate mass capabilities are routinely utilized to rapidly confirm the identification of expected metabolites or to elucidate the structures of uncommon or unexpected metabolites. These features make the LC-IT-TOF-MS a very powerful analytical tool for metabolite identification. This paper begins with a brief introduction to some basic principles and main properties of a hybrid IT-TOF instrument. Then, a general workflow for metabolite profiling using LC-IT-TOF-MS, starting from sample collection and preparation to final identification of the metabolite structures, is discussed in detail. The data extraction and mining techniques to find and confirm metabolites are discussed and illustrated with some examples. This paper is directed to readers with no prior experience with LC-IT-TOF-MS and will provide a broad understanding of the development and utility of this instrument for drug metabolism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Ying Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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