1
|
Khambadkar R, Ravindran S, Chahar DS, Utekar S, Tambe A. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Resveratrol and Oxyresveratrol by Liquid Chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213235x07666190328222836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Introduction:
Resveratrol and its monooxygenated metabolite oxyresveratrol
were the subject matter of intense research due to their medicinal value. Absorption, distribution,
metabolism and excretion are important to understand the bioavailability and pharmacokinetic
profile of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. Quantification of resveratrol and
oxyresveratrol is essential for both in vitro and in vivo studies.
Methods:
During in vitro drug metabolism studies, both qualitative and quantitative information
are essential to understand the metabolic profile of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. In
the present study, a simple and stable method is outlined using high performance liquid
chromatography to quantify both resveratrol and oxyresveratrol. This method is suitable to
understand the metabolic stability, plasma stability, pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of
resveratrol and oxyresveratrol.
Results:
Generally, in vitro incubation studies are performed at high concentrations and in
vivo studies are carried out at both high and low concentrations, therefore high performance
liquid chromatography method is demonstrated as a suitable technique to quantify resveratrol
and oxyresveratrol.
Conclusion:
Retention time of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol from liquid chromatography
qualitatively confirm its identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshree Khambadkar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Selvan Ravindran
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Digamber Singh Chahar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Srushti Utekar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Lavale, Pune, India
| | - Amlesh Tambe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed) University, Lavale, Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ravindran S, Tambe AJ, Suthar JK, Chahar DS, Fernandes JM, Desai V. Nanomedicine: Bioavailability, Biotransformation and Biokinetics. Curr Drug Metab 2020; 20:542-555. [PMID: 31203796 DOI: 10.2174/1389200220666190614150708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomedicine is increasingly used to treat various ailments. Biocompatibility of nanomedicine is primarily governed by its properties such as bioavailability, biotransformation and biokinetics. One of the major advantages of nanomedicine is enhanced bioavailability of drugs. Biotransformation of nanomedicine is important to understand the pharmacological effects of nanomedicine. Biokinetics includes both pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of nanomedicine. Physicochemical parameters of nanomaterials have extensive influence on bioavailability, biotransformation and biokinetics of nanomedicine. METHODS We carried out a structured peer-reviewed research literature survey and analysis using bibliographic databases. RESULTS Eighty papers were included in the review. Papers dealing with bioavailability, biotransformation and biokinetics of nanomedicine are found and reviewed. Bioavailability and biotransformation along with biokinetics are three major factors that determine the biological fate of nanomedicine. Extensive research work has been done for drugs of micron size but studies on nanomedicine are scarce. Therefore, more emphasis in this review is given on the bioavailability and biotransformation of nanomedicine along with biokinetics. CONCLUSION Bioavailability results based on various nanomedicine are summarized in the present work. Biotransformation of nanodrugs as well as nanoformulations is also the focus of this article. Both in vitro and in vivo biotransformation studies on nanodrugs and its excipients are necessary to know the effect of metabolites formed. Biokinetics of nanomedicine is captured in details that are complimentary to bioavailability and biotransformation. Nanomedicine has the potential to be developed as a personalized medicine once its physicochemical properties and its effect on biological system are well understood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selvan Ravindran
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Amlesh J Tambe
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India.,Serum Institute of India, Hadapsar, Pune, India
| | - Jitendra K Suthar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Digamber S Chahar
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India.,Serum Institute of India, Hadapsar, Pune, India
| | - Joyleen M Fernandes
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| | - Vedika Desai
- Symbiosis School of Biological Sciences, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ravindran S, Singh P, Nene S, Rale V, Mhetras N, Vaidya A. Microbioreactors and Perfusion Bioreactors for Microbial and Mammalian Cell Culture. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.83825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
4
|
Rapid, Validated UPLC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Glibenclamide in Rat Plasma. Int J Anal Chem 2018; 2018:2569027. [PMID: 30245720 PMCID: PMC6139228 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2569027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Quick and specific bioanalytical methods are required for analyzing drugs in biological samples. A simple, quick, sensitive, and specific UPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for glibenclamide determination in plasma samples. The plasma samples were processed by protein precipitation technique. Glimepiride was used as internal standard (IS). Glibenclamide and glimepiride were eluted on C18 column (Acquity UPLC®BEH). Mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid) and water (0.1% formic acid) was pumped in binary gradient mode at flow rate of 150 μL/min. Glibenclamide and IS elution time was about 1.0 min, and total run time was 2.0 min. The mass spectrometer (triple-quadrupole) was operated in positive electrospray ionization mode. Sodium adducts [M + Na]+ of glibenclamide and IS were monitored in MRM mode. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 10-1280 ng/mL, with regression equation Y = 0.0076 X – 0.0165 and linear regression coefficient r2 = 0.999. Lower limit of quantitation was 10 ng/mL. Accuracy of the method at LQC, MQC, and HQC was 109.7% (± 6.7), 93.6% (± 0.4), and 99.3% (± 1.9), respectively. The coefficient of variation for precision at all QC concentrations was less than 6%. Recovery at LLQC, MQC, and HQC was 104.2% (± 4.9), 100.6% (± 0.9), and 102.9% (± 5.8), respectively. The method was successfully implemented for pharmacokinetic investigations (in-house data).
Collapse
|
5
|
Koba O, Golovko O, Kodešová R, Fér M, Grabic R. Antibiotics degradation in soil: A case of clindamycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole and their transformation products. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 220:1251-1263. [PMID: 27838062 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Twelve different soil types that represent the soil compartments of the Czech Republic were fortified with three antibiotics (clindamycin (CLI), sulfamethoxazole (SUL), and trimethoprim (TRI)) to investigate their fate. Five metabolites (clindamycin sulfoxide (CSO), hydroxy clindamycin sulfoxide (HCSO), S-(SDC) and N-demethyl clindamycin (NDC), N4-acetyl sulfamethoxazole (N4AS), and hydroxy trimethoprim (HTR)) were detected and identified using HPLC/HRMS and HRPS in the soil matrix in this study. The identities of CSO and N4AS were confirmed using commercially available reference standards. The parent compounds degraded in all soils. Almost all of the metabolites have been shown to be persistent in soils, with the exception of N4AS, which was formed and degraded completely within 23 days of exposure. The rate of degradation mainly depended on the soil properties. The PCA results showed a high dependence between the soil type and behaviour of the pharmaceutical metabolites. The mentioned metabolites can be formed in soils, and the most persistent ones may be transported to the ground water and environmental water bodies. Because no information on the effects of those metabolites on living organism are available, more studies should be performed in the future to predict the risk to the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Koba
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czechia.
| | - Oksana Golovko
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czechia
| | - Radka Kodešová
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Dept. of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Fér
- Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Dept. of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Prague 6, Czechia
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Koba O, Steinbach C, Kroupová HK, Grabicová K, Randák T, Grabic R. Investigation of diltiazem metabolism in fish using a hybrid quadrupole/orbital trap mass spectrometer. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30:1153-1162. [PMID: 27060844 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker drug, is widespread in the environment because of its incomplete elimination during water treatment. It can cause negative effects on aquatic organisms; thus, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method to detect its presence was developed. Our approach is based on accurate mass measurements using a hybrid quadrupole-orbital trap mass spectrometer that was used to measure diltiazem and its metabolites in fish tissue. METHODS Blood plasma, muscle, liver, and kidney tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), exposed for 42 days to 30 μg L(-1) diltiazem, were used for the method development. No metabolite standards were required to identify the diltiazem biotransformation products in the fish tissue. RESULTS Overall, 17 phase I diltiazem metabolites (including isomeric forms) were detected and tentatively identified using the MassFrontier spectral interpretation software. A semi-quantitative approach was used for organ-dependent comparison of the metabolite concentrations. CONCLUSIONS These data increase our understanding about diltiazem and its metabolites in aquatic organisms, such as fish. These encompass desmethylation, desacetylation and hydroxylation as well as their combinations. This study represents the first report of the complex diltiazem phase I metabolic pathways in fish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Koba
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Christoph Steinbach
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Kocour Kroupová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Randák
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|