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Ge M, Ouyang H, Shang Y, Biu AM, Wu X, Li C, Zuo F, Zhu Y, Xue Z, Hao J, He J. Investigation of the drug-drug interaction and incompatibility mechanism between Aconitum carmichaelii Debx and Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118212. [PMID: 38636577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The combination of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx (Chuanwu, CW) and Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit (Banxia, BX) forms an herbal pair within the eighteen incompatible medicaments (EIM), indicating that BX and CW are incompatible. However, the scientific understanding of this incompatibility mechanism, especially the corresponding drug-drug interaction (DDI), remains complex and unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to explain the DDI and potential incompatibility mechanism between CW and BX based on pharmacokinetics and cocktail approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods were established for pharmacokinetics and cocktail studies. To explore the DDI between BX and CW, in the pharmacokinetics study, 10 compounds were determined in rat plasma after administering CW and BX-CW herbal pair extracts. In the cocktail assay, the pharmacokinetic parameters of five probe substrates were utilized to assess the influence of BX on cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzyme (dapsone for CYP3A4, phenacetin for CYP1A2, dextromethorphan for CYP2D6, tolbutamide for CYP2C9, and omeprazole for CYP2C19). Finally, the DDI and incompatibility mechanism of CW and BX were integrated to explain the rationality of EIM theory. RESULTS BX not only enhances the absorption of aconitine and benzoylaconine but also accelerates the metabolism of mesaconitine, benzoylmesaconine, songorine, and fuziline. Moreover, BX affects the activity of CYP enzymes, which regulate the metabolism of toxic compounds. CONCLUSIONS BX altered the activity of CYP enzymes, consequently affecting the metabolism of toxic compounds from CW. This incompatibility mechanism may be related to the increased absorption of these toxic compounds in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Ge
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300193, Tianjin, China; State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Huizi Ouyang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 300193, Tianjin, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, 300193, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Abdulmumin Muhammad Biu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Xiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Caixia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Fanjiao Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Yameng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Zixiang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China
| | - Jia Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China.
| | - Jun He
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, China; Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 301617, Tianjin, China.
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Bulleyaconitine A is a sensitive substrate and competitive inhibitor of CYP3A4: One of the possible explanations for clinical adverse reactions. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 445:116024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Qasem AMA, Zeng Z, Rowan MG, Blagbrough IS. Norditerpenoid alkaloids from Aconitum and Delphinium: structural relevance in medicine, toxicology, and metabolism. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:460-473. [PMID: 34636385 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 77 A.D. up to 2020Norditerpenoid alkaloids (NDA), typically N-ethylpiperidine containing C19 or C18 natural product diterpenes, are hexacycles with several contiguous often oxygenated stereocentres. As a function of their structural complexity, they display important pharmacological activities. The processed plants are used as important folk drugs and four NDAs have now been clinically approved. Many metabolism studies on Aconitum alkaloids have been reported as the understanding of their biotransformation in living systems and in cell-free systems is important for the development of these alkaloids as drugs. This Highlight sets out the missing links in NDA biosynthesis, their biological applications, SAR, toxicity, metabolism, and analytical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf M A Qasem
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Ziyu Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Michael G Rowan
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Ian S Blagbrough
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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Liu S, Deng P, Long Y, Yang S, Zhu J, Li K, Lai C, Yang W, Chen J. Two New Alkaloids from Fuzi and Their Metabolites Study. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100388. [PMID: 34390181 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Former study suggests alkaloids from herbs of Aconitum genus plants possess excellent bioactivities, which exert great value for related deeper chemical constituent investigation. Herein, chemical isolation was performed and four alkaloids were isolated from Fuzi, of which two were new ones, and the other two were reported NMR data for the first time. Their chemical structures were identified by NMR data, high resolution MS, UV and IR analysis. Additionally, the MS fragmentation patterns were explored, formerly, that of hetisane alkaloid was rarely reported, and fragmentation mechanism of the diagnostic ion was proposed. Based on these fragment pathway, metabolites and metabolic pathways of four compounds were investigated in rat liver microsomes using UPLC-Q/TOF-MS, and dehydrogenation product was firstly found from metabolites of hetisane alkaloid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Liu
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Pei Deng
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yihong Long
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shushu Yang
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Junshuo Zhu
- Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kunsheng Li
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Changjiangsheng Lai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Weiran Yang
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jinlong Chen
- School of Resources Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
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Chen J, Liu J, Huang Y, Li R, Ma C, Zhang B, Wu F, Yu W, Zuo X, Liang Y, Wang Q. Insights into oral bioavailability enhancement of therapeutic herbal constituents by cytochrome P450 3A inhibition. Drug Metab Rev 2021; 53:491-507. [PMID: 33905669 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.1917598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Herbal plants typically have complex compositions and diverse mechanisms. Among them, bioactive constituents with relatively high exposure in vivo are likely to exhibit therapeutic efficacy. On the other hand, their bioavailability may be influenced by the synergistic effects of different bioactive components. Cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) is one of the most abundant CYP enzymes, responsible for the metabolism of 50% of approved drugs. In recent years, many therapeutic herbal constituents have been identified as CYP3A substrates. It is more evident that CYP3A inhibition derived from the herbal formula plays a critical role in improving the oral bioavailability of therapeutic constituents. CYP3A inhibition may be the mechanism of the synergism of herbal formula. In this review, we explored the multiplicity of CYP3A, summarized herbal monomers with CYP3A inhibitory effects, and evaluated herb-mediated CYP3A inhibition, thereby providing new insights into the mechanisms of CYP3A inhibition-mediated oral herb bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinman Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yueyue Huang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiru Ma
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beiping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanchang Wu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenqian Yu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue Zuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Liang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Fan X, Yin SS, Li XJ, Yang K, Xu L, Lan K. Hydroxylation Metabolisms of Crassicauline A in Rats Under Toxic Dose. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2018; 42:857-869. [PMID: 28276004 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-017-0408-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Crassicauline A, a C19 diterpenoid alkaloid in Aconitum herbs, is an analgesic drug clinically used in China. The in vivo metabolism of crassicauline A is poorly understood, while potential bioactivation is anticipated via hydroxylation metabolism. This work, therefore, aimed to investigate the in vivo hydroxylation metabolism of crassicauline A in rats. METHODS Using a de novo developed and validated UPLC-MS/MS method, excretion studies in rats were carried out to investigate the recoveries of crassicauline A and its hydroxylated metabolites in urine and feces. Mass fragmentation analysis was used to identify the detected hydroxylated metabolites. In vitro metabolism assay in liver S9 fraction was employed to preliminarily investigate the inter-species difference of hydroxylation metabolism between rats and human. RESULTS At a toxic dose of 100 µg/kg, less than 10% and 5% of the administrated dose of crassicauline A were recovered in the urine and feces after single intravenous and oral administration, respectively. Trace of yunaconitine, a possible 3-hydroxylated metabolite of crassicauline A, was detected in urine samples, but not considered to be derived from the in vivo metabolism, because the recovered yunaconitine and crassicauline A was equivalent to their occurrences in the test article. Another hydroxylated metabolite was detected with much higher levels than yunaconitine. Based on chromatographic behaviors and fragmentation analysis, the hydroxylation site of this metabolite was tentatively identified at C-15 on the skeleton, which might have produced a toxic alkaloid known as deoxyjesaconitine. The in vivo observations were consistent with the preliminary in vitro results in liver S9 fraction, in which an inter-species difference was highlighted that rats demonstrated more hydroxylation than human did. CONCLUSIONS This work disclosed that crassicauline A is elimilated in rats predominantly by metabolism under toxic dosage and the hydroxylation probably at C-15 might be a potential bioactivation pathway in both rats and human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu BaiKang Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan-Shan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Chengdu Health-Balance Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Tech. Co. Ltd., Chengdu, China
- Chengdu BaiKang Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Jing Li
- Chengdu Health-Balance Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Tech. Co. Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Chengdu BaiKang Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Lan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Chengdu Health-Balance Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Tech. Co. Ltd., Chengdu, China.
- Chengdu BaiKang Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chengdu, China.
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Lu YY, Cheng HX, Wang X, Wang XW, Liu JY, Li P, Lou YQ, Li J, Lu C, Zhang GL. Identification of cytochrome P450s involved in the metabolism of 6-benzyl-1-benzyloxymethyl-5-iodouracil (W-1) using human recombinant enzymes and rat liver microsomes in vitro. Xenobiotica 2016; 47:667-672. [PMID: 27910729 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2016.1217365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to identify the hepatic metabolic enzymes, which involved in the biotransformation of 6-benzyl-1-benzyloxymethyl-5-iodouracil (W-1), a novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) in rat and human in vitro. 2. The parent drug of W-1 was incubated with rat liver microsomes (RLMs) or recombinant CYPs (CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, and CYP3A5, respectively) in the presence or absence of nicotinamide adeninedinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-regenerating system. The metabolites of W-1 were analyzed with liquid chromatography-ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (LC-IT-TOF-MS). 3. The parent drug of W-1 was metabolized in a NADPH-dependent manner in RLMs. The kinetic parameters of prototype W-1 including Km, Vmax, and CLint were 2.3 μM, 3.3 nmol/min/mg protein, and 1.4 mL/min/mg protein, respectively. Two metabolites M1 and M2 were observed in shorter retention times (2.988 and 3.188 min) with a higher molecular ion at m/z 463.0160 (both M1 and M2) than that of the W-1 parent drug (6.158 min with m/z 447.0218). The CYP selective inhibition and recombinant enzymes also showed that two hydroxyl metabolites M1 and M2 are mainly mediated by CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. 4. The identification of CYPs involved in W-1 biotransformation is important to understand and minimize, if possible, the potential of drug-drug interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yuan Lu
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Hai-Xu Cheng
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Xiao-Wei Wang
- b Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Jun-Yi Liu
- b Department of Chemical Biology , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Pu Li
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Ya-Qing Lou
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
| | - Jun Li
- c State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China , and
| | - Chuang Lu
- d Department of Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics , Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - Guo-Liang Zhang
- a Department of Pharmacology , School of Basic Medical Science, Beijing (Peking) University , Beijing , PR China
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