1
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Nakano Y, Sakamaki H, Tasaki-Handa Y, Saito S. High-pH mobile phase in reversed-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to improve the separation efficiency of aminoglycoside isomers. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:375-384. [PMID: 38141143 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In chromatography, the use of extreme conditions can often lead to unique separation selectivity. In this study, a highly basic mobile phase (pH > 11), which is not typically employed for reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), was utilized in RPLC-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to achieve effective separation between electrically neutral bases of aminoglycosides (AGs). A mixture of AGs was simultaneously analyzed using 500 mmol L-1 ammonia aqueous solution (pH 11.8) as the mobile phase. A total of 11 AGs, including 2 stereoisomers of neomycin (B and C) and 5 structurally similar components of gentamicin (C1, C1a, C2, C2a, and C2b), were completely separated for the first time. The high separation performance for AGs was mainly due to two factors: First, slight differences in hydrophobicity among the AGs were significantly enhanced at a high pH by the complete acid dissociation of amines. Second, the high pH of the mobile phase minimized any electrostatic interactions between the AGs and residual silanol groups in the stationary phase, resulting in extremely sharp peaks for the AGs. The sensitivity of spectinomycin decreased by more than 20% when using the highly basic mobile phase (pH 11.8) due to its degradation, therefore, a mixture of 10 AGs was analyzed with 250 mmol L-1 ammonia aqueous solution (pH 11.5) with less degradation as the optimum condition. The developed analytical method could be used to determine the concentrations of trace AGs in milk with high accuracy and precision. Thus, RPLC-MS/MS using a high-pH mobile phase has great potential for the efficient separation of basic compounds containing amino sugars such as AGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Nakano
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan.
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1600 Shimo-takano, Sugito-Machi, Kitakatsushika-Gun, Saitama, 345-0043, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sakamaki
- Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, Japan, 1600 Shimo-takano, Sugito-Machi, Kitakatsushika-Gun, Saitama, 345-0043, Japan
| | - Yuiko Tasaki-Handa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shingo Saito
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-Ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
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2
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Retmana IA, Çelebi N, Rijmers J, Schinkel AH, Beijnen JH, Sparidans RW. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of KRAS G12C inhibitor opnurasib in several mouse matrices and its application in a pharmacokinetic mouse study. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2024; 1232:123964. [PMID: 38103305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2023.123964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Opnurasib (JDQ-443) is a highly potent and promising KRASG12C inhibitor that is currently under clinical investigation. Results of the ongoing clinical research demonstrated the acceptable safety profile and clinical activity of this drug candidate as a single agent for patients with NSCLC harboring KRASG12C mutations. In this early stage of development, a deeper insight into pharmacokinetic properties in both preclinical and clinical investigations of this drug is very important. Thus, a reliable quantification method is required. To date, no quantitative bioanalytical assay of opnurasib was publicly available. In this study we present a validated assay to quantify opnurasib in mouse plasma and eight mouse tissue-related matrices utilizing liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Erlotinib was used as internal standard and acetonitrile was utilized to treat 10 µl of the sample with protein precipitation in a 96-well plate format. Separation and detection were achieved using a BEH C18 column under basic chromatographic conditions and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, respectively. We have fully validated this assay for mouse plasma and partially for eight mouse tissue-related matrices over the range of 2-2000 ng/ml. The accuracy and precision of the assay fulfilled international guidelines (EMA & U.S. FDA) over the validated range. The method was proven selective and sensitive to quantify opnurasib down to 2 ng/ml in all investigated matrices. The recoveries of both analyte and internal standard in mouse plasma were ∼100 % with no significant matrix effect in any of the matrices. Opnurasib in mouse plasma was stable up to 12 h at room temperature, and up to 8 h at room temperature in tissue homogenates (except for kidney up to 4 h). This presented method has been successfully applied to quantify opnurasib in preclinical samples from a mouse study and demonstrated its usability to support preclinical pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene A Retmana
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nefise Çelebi
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jamie Rijmers
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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3
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Maekawa M. Analysis of Metabolic Changes in Endogenous Metabolites and Diagnostic Biomarkers for Various Diseases Using Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:1087-1105. [PMID: 38825462 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b24-00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Analysis of endogenous metabolites in various diseases is useful for searching diagnostic biomarkers and elucidating the molecular mechanisms of pathophysiology. The author and collaborators have developed some LC/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) methods for metabolites and applied them to disease-related samples. First, we identified urinary conjugated cholesterol metabolites and serum N-palmitoyl-O-phosphocholine serine as useful biomarkers for Niemann-Pick disease type C (NPC). For the purpose of intraoperative diagnosis of glioma patients, we developed the LC/MS/MS analysis methods for 2-hydroxyglutaric acid or cystine and found that they could be good differential biomarkers. For renal cell carcinoma, we searched for various biomarkers for early diagnosis, malignancy evaluation and recurrence prediction by global metabolome analysis and targeted LC/MS/MS analysis. In pathological analysis, we developed a simultaneous LC/MS/MS analysis method for 13 steroid hormones and applied it to NPC cells, we found 6 types of reductions in NPC model cells. For non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), model mice were prepared with special diet and plasma bile acids were measured, and as a result, hydrophilic bile acids were significantly increased. In addition, we developed an LC/MS/MS method for 17 sterols and analyzed liver cholesterol metabolites and found a decrease in phytosterols and cholesterol synthetic markers and an increase in non-enzymatic oxidative sterols in the pre-onset stage of NASH. We will continue to challenge themselves to add value to clinical practice based on cutting-edge analytical chemistry methodology.
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4
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Bai B, Wang X, Yang L, Song H, Yan G, Han Y, Fang H, Sun H. Quantitative multicomponent analysis of a single marker-based simultaneous determination and quality assessment of nucleoside analogs from Qi Zhi capsules. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5560. [PMID: 36461617 PMCID: PMC10078555 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Qi Zhi capsule (QZC) is approved by the State Drug Administration of China. The QZC consists of nine crude drugs, including astragalus, leeches, ground beetles, curcuma zedoary, hawthorn, semen cassiae, rhizoma sparganii, polygonum multiflorum, and peach kernel, of which leeches and ground beetles are Traditional Chinese Medicine of animal origin. Nucleosides are animal substances with pharmacological effects that are easy to extract and quantify. Different nucleoside analogs in distinct animal-based formulations can be used to characterize animal-based medicines. However, the quality control of a single indicator does not reflect the overall quality of Chinese medicine. Here, we developed a method to simultaneously determine the nucleoside analogs uracil, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uridine, guanine, and uric acid in QZCs using high-performance liquid chromatography. Hypoxanthine was used as an internal reference to determine relative correction factors for the other five components. The six components were determined in ten different batches of QZCs. There was no significant difference between the quantitative multicomponent analysis of a single marker and the external standard method. The relative standard deviation of total nucleosides analogs of 10 batches of samples was 7%. This method can be applied to simultaneously determine multiple active components in QZCs and other nucleoside analog drugs, enabling multi-indicator quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biwei Bai
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xijun Wang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Song
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Guangli Yan
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Heng Fang
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Sun
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, National TCM Key Laboratory of Serum Pharmacochemistry, Metabolomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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5
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Venter P, van Onselen R. Evaluating the "wrong-way-round" electrospray ionization of antiretroviral drugs for improved detection sensitivity. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:1187-1193. [PMID: 36637494 PMCID: PMC9899738 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04499-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antiretroviral drugs (ARVDs) in the aquatic environment poses a significant health risk to the ecosystem. The dilution of these compounds during wastewater treatment processes, followed by discharge into the environment, results in extremely low concentrations in the range of ng/L. Therefore, to enable detection of these low concentrations, it is important to determine the most efficient electrospray ionization (ESI) mode using the right mobile phase modifier and to establish a selective extraction procedure. In this study, we compared the ESI intensity in the positive and negative mode using both formic acid (FA) and ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) as mobile phase modifiers. The results revealed a phenomenon known as the "wrong-way-round" (WWR) ESI in which high intensity [M + H]+ ions were detected under basic conditions using NH4OH as modifier and, similarly, high intensity [M-H]- ions were detected under acidic conditions using FA as modifier. Furthermore, mixed-mode strong cation (MCX) and mixed-mode strong anion (MAX) exchange sorbents were evaluated for extraction recoveries, which yielded extraction recoveries between 60 and 100%. Finally, the recoveries obtained using mixed-mode ion exchange sorbents compared to ion production during the ESI process provide evidence that ions produced in solution do not necessarily reflect the ions that are produced during the ESI process. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to evaluate the optimal ionization mode under basic and acidic conditions, instead of defaulting to the use of acidic modifiers with positive ion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Venter
- grid.415021.30000 0000 9155 0024Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
| | - Rianita van Onselen
- grid.415021.30000 0000 9155 0024Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, P.O. Box 19070, Tygerberg, 7505 South Africa
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6
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Chen X, Li G, Zhang W, Ou J, Li H, Huang Y, He S, Zhou J, Zhao Z, Chen J, Meng X, Liu L. Urine metabolomic characteristics of female patients with occupational chronic cadmium poisoning after 15 years of treatment. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5523. [PMID: 36336973 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Occupational chronic cadmium poisoning (OCCP) can cause irreversible organ damage. Currently, no effective treatment is available for OCCP, and effective and sensitive biomarkers for treatment evaluation are still lacking. In this study, metabolomics techniques were used to analyze changes in endogenous metabolites in the urine of patients with OCCP after 15 years of treatment. Thirty urine samples from female patients with OCCP and healthy female controls (n = 15 per group) were assessed using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Exactive mass spectrometry. The OCCP group had higher concentrations of blood urea nitrogen and urinary cadmium but near-normal urinary concentrations of β2 -microglobulin and retinol-binding protein. Compared with the control group, the OCCP group had 66 significantly different metabolites with a variable importance in projection score >1 and p < 0.05. These differential metabolites were involved in various metabolic pathways, such as creatine metabolism, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, d-glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. Compared with the control group, the OCCP group had significantly higher urinary concentrations of creatine, glutamic acid, quinolinic acid and nicotinic acid. In a receiver operator characteristic analysis, the area under the curve of creatine was higher than those for glutamic acid, quinolinic acid and nicotinic acid, indicating that urinary concentrations of creatine could be used as a sensitive biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of OCCP and for monitoring its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Chen
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Ou
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hecheng Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiqi Huang
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuirong He
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiazhen Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Liu
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
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7
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Li H, Desmet G, Jiang Z, Cabooter D. On the occurrence of very low intra-particle diffusion rates in zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography polymer columns. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1683:463531. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Determination of eight phosphatidylethanol homologues in blood by reversed phase liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry – How to avoid co-elution of phosphatidylethanols and unwanted phospholipids. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1684:463566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Maekawa M, Miyoshi K, Narita A, Sato T, Sato Y, Kumondai M, Kikuchi M, Higaki K, Okuyama T, Eto Y, Sakamaki H, Mano N. Development of a Highly Sensitive and Rapid Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method Using a Basic Mobile Phase Additive to Determine the Characteristics of the Urinary Metabolites for Niemann–Pick Disease Type C. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1259-1268. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aya Narita
- Division of Child Neurology, Tottori University Hospital
| | - Toshihiro Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Yu Sato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masaki Kumondai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Masafumi Kikuchi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Katsumi Higaki
- Division of Functional Genomics, Research Centre for Bioscience and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
| | - Torayuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development
| | - Yoshikatsu Eto
- Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute for Neurological Disorders
| | | | - Nariyasu Mano
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
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10
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Lossmann K, Hecht R, Saame J, Heering A, Leito I, Kipper K. Retention mechanisms of acidic and basic analytes on the Pentafluorophenyl stationary phase using fluorinated eluent additives. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1666:462850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.462850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Utility of Atmospheric-Pressure Chemical Ionization and Photoionization Mass Spectrometry in Bottom-Up Proteomics. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In a typical bottom-up proteomics workflow, proteins are enzymatically cleaved, and the resulting peptides are analyzed by HPLC with electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem mass spectrometry. This approach is practical and widely applied. It has, however, limitations mostly related to less efficient or even inefficient ionization of some peptides in ESI sources. Gas-phase ionization methods like atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or atmospheric-pressure photoionization (APPI) offer alternative ways of detecting various analytes. This work is a systematic study of the ionization efficiencies of peptides in ESI, APCI, and APPI and the applicability of the mentioned ionizations in proteomics. A set of peptide standards and bovine serum albumin digests were examined using a high-resolution mass spectrometer coupled to an ultra HPLC system. Since the ionization efficiency in APCI and APPI depends strongly on experimental conditions, the ion source settings and mobile phase compositions were optimized for each ionization technique. As expected, tryptic peptides were best detected using ESI. The numbers of chymotrypsin peptides successfully detected by ESI, APPI, and APCI were comparable. In the case of Glu-C digest, APPI detected the highest number of peptides. The results suggest that gas-phase ionization techniques, particularly APPI, are an interesting alternative for detecting peptides and delivering complementary data in proteomics.
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12
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Kulyk DS, Sahraeian T, Lee S, Badu-Tawiah AK. Microsampling with a Solid-Phase Extraction Cartridge: Storage and Online Mass Spectrometry Analysis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13632-13640. [PMID: 34590821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to introduce the concept of utilizing a solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridge for remote biofluid collection, followed by direct sample analysis at a later time. For this, a dried matrix spot was prepared in a syringe, in the form of SPE cartridge for the first time to enable small biofluid collection (microsampling), storage, shipment, and online electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of the stored dried samples. The SPE sorbents were packed into an ESI syringe and the resultant cartridge was used for sampling small volumes (<20 μL) of different complex biological fluids including blood, plasma, serum, and urine. The collected sample was stored in the dry state within the confinement of the SPE sorbent at room temperature, and analyte stability (e.g., diazepam) was maintained for more than a year. Direct coupling of the SPE cartridge to MS provides excellent accuracy, precision, and sensitivity for analyzing illicit drugs present in the biofluid. The corresponding mechanism of wrong-way positive ion generation from highly basic elution solvents was explored. Without chromatography, our direct SPE-ESI-MS analysis technique afforded detection limits as low as 26 and 140 pg/mL for raw urine and untreated plasma, respectively. These promising results proved that the new syringe-based SPE cartridge can serve as a good alternative to conventional microsampling techniques in terms of analyte stability, ease of operation and versatility, and analytical sensitivity and speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmytro S Kulyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Taghi Sahraeian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Suji Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Abraham K Badu-Tawiah
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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13
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Nasiri A, Jahani R, Mokhtari S, Yazdanpanah H, Daraei B, Faizi M, Kobarfard F. Overview, consequences, and strategies for overcoming matrix effects in LC-MS analysis: a critical review. Analyst 2021; 146:6049-6063. [PMID: 34546235 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technique is widely applied to routine analysis in many matrices. Despite the enormous application of LC/MS, this technique is subjected to drawbacks called matrix effects (MEs) that could lead to ion suppression or ion enhancement. This phenomenon can exert a deleterious impact on the ionization efficacy of an analyte and subsequently on the important method performance parameters. LC-MS susceptibility to MEs is the main challenge of this technique in the analysis of complex matrices such as biological and food samples. Nowadays, the assessment, estimation, and overcoming of the MEs before developing a method is mandatory in any analysis. Two main approaches including the post-column infusion and post-extraction spike are proposed to determine the degree of MEs. Different strategies can be adopted to reduce or eliminate MEs depending on the complexity of the matrix. This could be done by improving extraction and clean-up methods, changing the type of ionization employed, optimization of liquid chromatography conditions, and using corrective calibration methods. This review article will provide an overview of the MEs as the Achilles heel of the LC-MS technique, the causes of ME occurrence, their consequences, and systemic approaches towards overcoming MEs during LC-MS-based multi-analyte procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Nasiri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jahani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shaya Mokhtari
- Central Research Laboratories, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Yazdanpanah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Safety Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Daraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Central Research Laboratories, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Abafe OA, Macheka LR, Olowoyo JO. Confirmatory Analysis of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Milk and Infant Formula Using UHPLC-MS/MS. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123664. [PMID: 34208500 PMCID: PMC8234569 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the sensitive determination and unambiguous confirmation of residues of per and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in breastmilk, retail milk and infant formulas following two sample preparation methods. Sample pre-treatment was carried out by a simplified QuEChERS method without requiring dSPE or any further clean-up. The method was validated in accordance with the requirements of Commission Decision 657/2002/EC with slight modifications. The method displayed good linearity with R2 ranging from 0.9843–0.9998 for all target PFAS. The recovery and within-laboratory reproducibility of the method (n = 63) were in the range 60–121% and 5–28%, respectively. The decision limit, detection capability and limit of quantitation ranged from 30–60 ng kg−1 to 40–100 ng kg−1 and 5–50 ng kg−1, respectively. Acceptable matrix effect values in the range −45–29% were obtained with uncertainty of measurement lower than 25% for all target PFAS. The method displays its suitability for the sensitive and high-throughput confirmatory analysis of C4–C14 PFAS in breastmilk, dairy milk and infant formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovokeroye A. Abafe
- Residue Analysis Laboratory, Agricultural Research Council-OVR, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
- School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag x5400, Durban 4001, South Africa
- Correspondence: or
| | - Linda R. Macheka
- Residue Analysis Laboratory, Agricultural Research Council-OVR, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
- School of Science and Technology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa;
| | - Joshua O. Olowoyo
- School of Science and Technology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0204, South Africa;
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15
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Retmana IA, Loos NHC, Schinkel AH, Beijnen JH, Sparidans RW. Quantification of KRAS inhibitor sotorasib in mouse plasma and tissue homogenates using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1174:122718. [PMID: 33957355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sotorasib is a KRAS inhibitor with promising anticancer activity in phase I clinical studies. This compound is currently under further clinical evaluation as monotherapy and combination therapy against solid tumors. In this study, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric method to quantify sotorasib in mouse plasma and eight tissue-related matrices (brain, liver, spleen, kidney, small intestine, small intestine content, lung, and testis homogenates) was developed and validated. Protein precipitation using acetonitrile was utilized in 96-well format to extract sotorasib and erlotinib (internal standard) from mouse plasma and tissue homogenates. Separation of the analytes was performed on an Acquity UPLC® BEH C18 column by gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in water at a flow rate of 0.6 ml/min. Sotorasib was detected by a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization in selected reaction monitoring mode. A linear calibration range of 2-2,000 ng/ml of sotorasib was achieved during the validation. Accuracy values were in the range of 90.7-111.4%, and precision values (intra- and interday) were between 1.7% and 9.2% for all tested levels in all investigated matrices. The method was successfully applied to investigate the plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue accumulation of sotorasib in female wild-type mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene A Retmana
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Nancy H C Loos
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Alfred H Schinkel
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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16
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Chakdar H, Hasan M, Pabbi S, Nevalainen H, Shukla P. High-throughput proteomics and metabolomic studies guide re-engineering of metabolic pathways in eukaryotic microalgae: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 321:124495. [PMID: 33307484 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic microalgae are a rich source of commercially important metabolites including lipids, pigments, sugars, amino acids and enzymes. However, their inherent genetic potential is usually not enough to support high level production of metabolites of interest. In order to move on from the traditional approach of improving product yields by modification of the cultivation conditions, understanding the metabolic pathways leading to the synthesis of the bioproducts of interest is crucial. Identification of new targets for strain engineering has been greatly facilitated by the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing and spectroscopic techniques discussed in this review. Despite the availability of high throughput analytical tools, examples of gathering and application of proteomic and metabolomic data for metabolic engineering of microalgae are few and mainly limited to lipid production. The present review highlights the application of contemporary proteomic and metabolomic techniques in eukaryotic microalgae for redesigning pathways for enhanced production of algal metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillol Chakdar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (NBAIM), Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh 275103, India
| | - Mafruha Hasan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sunil Pabbi
- Centre for Conservation and Utilisation of Blue Green Algae (CCUBGA), Division of Microbiology, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
| | - Helena Nevalainen
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia; Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India; School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
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17
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Retmana IA, Beijnen JH, Sparidans RW. Chromatographic bioanalytical assays for targeted covalent kinase inhibitors and their metabolites. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1162:122466. [PMID: 33316750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Deriving from targeted kinase inhibitors (TKIs), targeted covalent kinase inhibitors (TCKIs) are a new class of TKIs that are covalently bound to their target residue of kinase receptors. Currently, there are many new TCKIs under clinical development besides afatinib, ibrutinib, osimertinib, neratinib, acalabrutinib, dacomitinib, and zanubrutinib that are already approved by the FDA. Subsequently, there is an increasing demand for bioanalytical methods to qualitatively and quantitively investigate those compounds, leading to a number of papers reporting the development, validation, and use of bioanalytical methods for TCKIs. Most publications describe the technological set up of analytical methods that allow quantification of TCKIs in various biomatrices such as plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, tissue, and liver microsomes. In addition, the identification of metabolites and biotransformation pathways of new TCKIs has gained more interest in recent years. We provide an overview of bioanalytical methods of this new class of TCKIs. The included issues are sample pretreatment, chromatographic separation, detection, and method validation. In the scope of bioanalysis of TCKIs, protein precipitation is mostly applied to treat the biological matrices sample. Liquid chromatographic in reversed-phase mode (RPLC) and mass detection with triple quadrupole (QqQ) are the most often utilized separation and quantitative detection modes, respectively. There may be a possibility of increased use of the high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) for qualitative investigation purposes in the future. We also found that US FDA and EMA guidelines are the most common guidelines employed as validation framework for the bioanalytical methods of TCKIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene A Retmana
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Division of Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos H Beijnen
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands; The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf W Sparidans
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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18
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Gertner DS, Bishop DP, Oglobline A, Padula MP. Enhancing Coverage of Phosphatidylinositol Species in Canola Through Specialised Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Buffer Conditions. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1637:461860. [PMID: 33422796 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositols (PIs) constitute a minor class of phospholipid with wide-spread influence throughout various cellular functions. Monitoring the distribution of these lipids can therefore provide insight as to the state of cellular processes or reveal the development of various pathologies. The speciation of these compounds is often performed either as part of a comprehensive characterisation of lipids, or specifically targeted using the same methods, however, such methods were intended to maximise coverage of lipid classes rather than provide an in-depth analysis of any single class. In the particular case of PIs, the majority of reported molecular diversity is limited to a small proportion of the already minor class, as such the cursory glance enabled by such methods is insufficient. Therefore, this work compared the suitability of both established and novel LC-MS buffers with the aim of maximising the ionisation efficiency of PIs, in an attempt to enhance coverage of the class. Through experimentation, it was determined that a 0.25 mM ammonium fluoride buffer provided up to a 6-fold increase in signal intensity, and on average a 38-fold increase in the signal-to-noise ratio. Using these new conditions, 14 PI species, and 12 PI candidates were identified within a dilute lipid extract sourced from canola seed, compared to 0 species identified using the generalised method. As a result, it is suggested that this procedure has yielded the highest number of PI species identifications for a sample of this concentration. Methods which therefore intend to characterise PI species in dilute quantities, such as those extracted from mammalian cells, are henceforth provided with the means to conduct more comprehensive characterisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Gertner
- School of Life Sciences and Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - David P Bishop
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia
| | - Alexandre Oglobline
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia; Chemistry First Pty Ltd, Mosman 2088, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- School of Life Sciences and Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, Australia.
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Koh AHW, Chess-Williams R, Lohning AE. HPLC-UV-QDa analysis of Citrus aurantium-labelled pre-workout supplements suggest only a minority contain the plant extract. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 193:113746. [PMID: 33190081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bitter orange (Citrus aurantium) is a common ingredient in pre-workout supplements with purported weight-loss and performance-enhancing effects. Supplements listing Citrus aurantium or p-synephrine have been associated with reports of adverse cardiovascular events attributed to the active biogenic amines, p-synephrine, p-octopamine or p-tyramine. Additionally, questions have been raised as to the authenticity of the plant-derived active components listed on the supplement labels. The aim of this study was to determine the quantities of these amines in a sample of pre-workout supplements which specifically listed Citrus aurantium, and assess the authenticity of plant material by comparing the ratios of amines found to that found in Citrus aurantium standardized reference materials (SRM). The quantities of amines in the supplements and SRMs were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-UV-QDa) method. In the Citrus aurantium SRMs the quantities of trace amines found ranged from 5.30 to 38.00 mg/g (synephrine) 0.14-0.35 mg/g (octopamine) and 0.15-1.90 mg/g (tyramine) with an average ratio of 100:1:5 (synephrine: octopamine: tyramine). Only 42 % (5/12) of the supplements tested had ratios consistent with that found in the SRMs. The average trace amine ratio in those supplements was 100:1:3 while the quantities of trace amines found ranged from 0.35 to 31.31 mg/g (synephrine); 0.005 - 0.10 mg/g (octopamine) and 0.01-1.51 mg/g (tyramine). For the remaining supplements, some did not contain any detectable levels of trace amines or only synephrine was detected with concentrations ranging from 0.003 - 0.95 mg/g. These results suggest a role for authenticity/quality assurance testing of pre-workout supplements and more stringent regulation of pre-workout supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Hsien Wei Koh
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, 4229 Queensland, Australia.
| | - Russ Chess-Williams
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, 4229 Queensland, Australia; Centre for Urology Research, Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, 4229 Queensland, Australia.
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20
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Jørgenrud B, Skadberg E, de Carvalho Ponce J, Furuhaugen H, Berg T. Determination of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 33 compounds from eight different drug classes in whole blood by LC-MS/MS. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2020; 107:106939. [PMID: 33257303 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2020.106939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most bioanalytical LC-MS/MS methods are developed for determination of single drugs or classes of drugs, but a multi-compound LC-MS/MS method that can replace several methods could reduce both analysis time and costs. The aim of this study was to develop a high-throughput LC-MS/MS method for determination of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 (PEth 16:0/18:1) and 33 other compounds from eight different drug classes in whole blood. METHODS Whole-blood samples were prepared by 96-well supported liquid extraction (SLE). Chromatographic separations were performed on a biphenyl core shell column with a mobile phase consisting of 10 mM ammonium formate, pH 3.1 and methanol. Each extract was analyzed twice by LC-MS/MS, injecting 0.4 μL and 2 μL, in order to obtain narrow and symmetrical peaks and good sensitivity for all compounds. Stable isotope-labeled internal standards were used for 31 of the 34 compounds. RESULTS A 96-well SLE reversed phase LC-MS/MS method for determination of PEth 16:0/18:1 and 33 other compounds from eight different drug classes was developed and validated. By using an organic solvent mixture of isopropanol/ methyl tert-butyl ether (1:5, v:v), all compounds, including the polar and ampholytic compounds pregabalin, gabapentin and benzoylecgonine, was extracted by 96-well SLE. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION For the first time an LC-MS/MS method for the determination of alcohol biomarker PEth 16:0/18:1 and drugs and metabolites from several different drug classes was developed and validated. The developed LC-MS/MS method can be used for high-throughput analyses and sensitive determinations of the 34 compounds in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Jørgenrud
- Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Sciences, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eline Skadberg
- Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Sciences, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Julio de Carvalho Ponce
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Av Dr. Arnaldo, 455, Brazil
| | - Håvard Furuhaugen
- Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Sciences, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Berg
- Section of Drug Abuse Research, Department of Forensic Sciences, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, P.O. Box 4950 Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway.
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21
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Ping L, Kundinger SR, Duong DM, Yin L, Gearing M, Lah JJ, Levey AI, Seyfried NT. Global quantitative analysis of the human brain proteome and phosphoproteome in Alzheimer's disease. Sci Data 2020; 7:315. [PMID: 32985496 PMCID: PMC7522715 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00650-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an early, asymptomatic phase (AsymAD) in which individuals exhibit amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque accumulation in the absence of clinically detectable cognitive decline. Here we report an unbiased multiplex quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis using tandem mass tag (TMT) isobaric labeling of human post-mortem cortex (n = 27) across pathology-free controls, AsymAD and symptomatic AD individuals. With off-line high-pH fractionation and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on an Orbitrap Lumos mass spectrometer, we identified 11,378 protein groups across three TMT 11-plex batches. Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) was used to enrich for phosphopeptides from the same TMT-labeled cases and 51,736 phosphopeptides were identified. Of these, 48,992 were quantified by TMT reporter ions representing 33,652 unique phosphosites. Two reference standards in each TMT 11-plex were included to assess intra- and inter-batch variance at the protein and peptide level. This comprehensive human brain proteome and phosphoproteome dataset will serve as a valuable resource for the identification of biochemical, cellular and signaling pathways altered during AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Ping
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Sean R Kundinger
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Duc M Duong
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Luming Yin
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia.
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia.
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, Georgia.
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Tan A, Gui X, Wong M, Deng H, Gu G, Fanaras C, Fanaras JC. Simultaneous quantification of candesartan and irbesartan in rabbit eye tissues by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4808. [PMID: 32100318 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of vision loss in adults. Novel eye-drop formulations of candesartan and irbesartan are being developed for its cure or treatment. To support a preclinical trial in rabbits, it was critical to develop and validate a new LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of candesartan and irbesartan in rabbit eye tissues (cornea, aqueous humor, vitreous body and retina/choroid). Eye tissue samples were first homogenized in H2 O-diluted rabbit plasma. The candesartan and irbesartan in the supernatants together with their respective internal standards (candesartan-d4 and irbesartan-d4 ) were extracted by solid-phase extraction. The extracted samples were injected onto a C18 column for gradient separation. The MS detection was in the positive electrospray ionization mode using the multiple reaction monitoring transitions of m/z 441 → 263, 445 → 267, 429 → 207, and 433 → 211 for candesartan, candesartan-d4 , irbesartan and irbesartan-d4 , respectively. For the validated concentration ranges (2-2000 and 5-5000 ng/g for candesartan and irbesartan, respectively), the within-run and between-run accuracies (% bias) were within the range of -8.0-10.0. The percentage CV ranged from 0.6 to 7.3. There was no significant matrix interference nor matrix effect from different eye tissues and different rabbits. The validated method was successfully used in the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) study of rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Tan
- Nucro-Technics, Scarborough, ON, Canada
| | - Xuan Gui
- Nucro-Technics, Scarborough, ON, Canada
| | | | - Hui Deng
- Nucro-Technics, Scarborough, ON, Canada
| | - Guifen Gu
- Nucro-Technics, Scarborough, ON, Canada
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Otsuka M, Miyaguchi H, Uchiyama M. Analysis of degradation products of nitrogen mustards via hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1602:199-205. [PMID: 31109745 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) method was developed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of ethanolamines (EAs), which are nitrogen mustard degradation products. With this method, the retention times of the highly hydrophilic EAs on the HILIC column were sufficient (retention times: methyl diethanolamine, 12.2 min; ethyl diethanolamine, 11.2 min; and triethanolamine, 9.5 min) and the EAs were analyzed more efficiently than with reported HILIC-MS/MS methods. The detection limits of methyl diethanolamine and ethyl diethanolamine in serum and urine using this approach were 15-20 ng/mL. The suitability of the method for real samples was evaluated via recovery tests involving urine and serum, and the method was validated. The MS/MS fragmentation of EAs was discussed based on density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Otsuka
- National Research Institute of Police Science, 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Hajime Miyaguchi
- National Research Institute of Police Science, 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Cluster of Pioneering Research (CPR), Advanced Elements Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
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