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Gao XY, Li XY, Zhang CY, Bai CY. Scopoletin: a review of its pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268464. [PMID: 38464713 PMCID: PMC10923241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Scopoletin is a coumarin synthesized by diverse medicinal and edible plants, which plays a vital role as a therapeutic and chemopreventive agent in the treatment of a variety of diseases. In this review, an overview of the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity of scopoletin is provided. In addition, the prospects and outlook for future studies are appraised. Scopoletin is indicated to have antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-oxidation, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties and immunomodulatory effects in both in vitro and in vivo experimental trials. In addition, it is an inhibitor of various enzymes, including choline acetyltransferase, acetylcholinesterase, and monoamine oxidase. Pharmacokinetic studies have demonstrated the low bioavailability, rapid absorption, and extensive metabolism of scopoletin. These properties may be associated with its poor solubility in aqueous media. In addition, toxicity research indicates the non-toxicity of scopoletin to most cell types tested to date, suggesting that scopoletin will neither induce treatment-associated mortality nor abnormal performance with the test dose. Considering its favorable pharmacological activities, scopoletin has the potential to act as a drug candidate in the treatment of cancer, liver disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and mental disorders. In view of its merits and limitations, scopoletin is a suitable lead compound for the development of new, efficient, and low-toxicity derivatives. Additional studies are needed to explore its molecular mechanisms and targets, verify its toxicity, and promote its oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Gao
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Xu-Yang Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Cong-Ying Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Evaluation of Chinese and Mongolian Pharmacy at Chifeng University, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
| | - Chun-Ying Bai
- Basic Medicine College, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Human Genetic Disease Research, Chifeng University, Chifeng, China
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Sun Y, Jiang Y, Zhang R, Wang J. A Sensitive LC-MS/MS Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Skimmin, a Potential Agent for Treating Postpartum Stroke, and Its Metabolite Umbelliferone in Rat Plasma. J AOAC Int 2023; 106:1010-1016. [PMID: 36715062 PMCID: PMC10350621 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skimmin, a potential agent for treating postpartum stroke, is one of the most important coumarins extracted from the leaves of skimmia. OBJECTIVE In this study, a specific, sensitive, and simple high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of skimmin and its metabolite umbelliferone in rat plasma was established and validated. METHOD Chromatographic separation was performed by an Inertsil ODS-3 column (50 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in distilled water-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min with gradient elution mode. All analytes were detected and quantified in negative multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). RESULTS All calibration curves showed good linearity (r > 0.995) over the concentration range of 10-10 000 and 2.0-2000 ng/mL for skimmin and umbelliferone, respectively. The selectivity, sensitivity, extraction recovery, matrix effect, and stability met all requirements. CONCLUSIONS The analysis method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of skimmin and umbelliferone in rats following oral administration of skimmin at the doses of 10, 30, and 90 mg/kg. With the exception of AUC(0-∞) and Cmax, MRT and Cl/F of skimmin had significant statistical difference with the increasing doses. Skimmin might exhibit nonlinear pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats. HIGHLIGHTS This was the first study to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of skimmin as a candidate agent for treating postpartum stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Sun
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Jinan 250014, China
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Study on Absorption, Distribution and Excretion of a New Candidate Compound XYY-CP1106 against Alzheimer's Disease in Rats by LC-MS/MS. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052377. [PMID: 36903623 PMCID: PMC10005075 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
XYY-CP1106, a candidate compound synthesized from a hybrid of hydroxypyridinone and coumarin, has been shown to be remarkably effective in treating Alzheimer's disease. A simple, rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with the triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) method was established in this study to elucidate the pharmacokinetics of XYY-CP1106 after oral and intravenous administration in rats. XYY-CP1106 was shown to be rapidly absorbed into the blood (Tmax, 0.57-0.93 h) and then eliminated slowly (T1/2, 8.26-10.06 h). Oral bioavailability of XYY-CP1106 was (10.70 ± 1.72)%. XYY-CP1106 could pass through the blood-brain barrier with a high content of (500.52 ± 260.12) ng/g at 2 h in brain tissue. The excretion results showed that XYY-CP1106 was mainly excreted through feces, with an average total excretion rate of (31.14 ± 0.05)% in 72 h. In conclusion, the absorption, distribution and excretion of XYY-CP1106 in rats provided a theoretical basis for subsequent preclinical studies.
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Xiong S, Li X, Chu H, Deng Z, Sun L, Liu J, Mu Y, Yao Q. Comparative pharmacokinetics of four major compounds after oral administration of Mori Cortex total flavonoid extract in normal and diabetic rats. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1148332. [PMID: 36937873 PMCID: PMC10014546 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1148332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mori Cortex has been used in traditional Chinese Medicine as an antidiabetic agent. The aim of this study was to establish a UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of morin, morusin, umbelliferone and mulberroside A in rat plasma and investigate the pharmacokinetics differences between normal and diabetic rats following oral administration of Mori Cortex total flavonoid extract. Methods: Samples were pre-treated by protein precipitation and genkwanin was used as internal standard. Chromatographic separation was performed using a Hypersil GOLD C18 column (50 mm × 2.1 mm, 3 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and water (containing 0.1% formic acid) in gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The transitions of m/z 300.9→107.1, m/z 419.3→297.1, m/z 160.9→77.0, m/z 567.1→243.2 and m/z 283.1→268.2 were selected for morin, morusin, umbelliferone, mulberroside A and internal standard, respectively. Results: The intra- and inter-day precision for analytes were less than 12.5% and the accuracy ranged from -8.1% to 3.5%. The extraction recovery was >88.5% and no obvious matrix effect was observed. The AUC (0-t) and C max of morin were 501.3 ± 115.5 ng/mL*h and 127.8 ± 56.0 ng/mL in normal rats and 717.3 ± 117.4 ng/ml*h and 218.6 ± 33.5 ng/ml in diabetic rats. Meanwhile, the AUC (0-t) and C max of morusin were 116.4 ± 38.2 ng/ml*h and 16.8 ± 10.1 ng/mL in normal rats and 325.0 ± 87.6 ng/mL*h and 39.2 ± 5.9 ng/ml in diabetic rats. For umbelliferone and mulberroside A, the AUC (0-t) and C max also increased significantly in diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Discussion: The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study in normal and diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
| | - Xiaofan Li
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Haiping Chu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Zhipeng Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Linying Sun
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
| | - Yanling Mu
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare and Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shan Xiong, ; Jia Liu, ; Qingqiang Yao,
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Peng Y, Li Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Ren H, Hu J, Cui X, Lu W, Tao H, Chen Z. The genus Porana (Convolvulaceae) - A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:998965. [PMID: 36330088 PMCID: PMC9622789 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.998965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There are about 20 species of Porana Burm. f. worldwide in tropical and subtropical Asia, Africa and neighboring islands, Oceania, and the Americas. In China, India, and other places, this genus enjoys a wealth of experience in folk applications. Nevertheless, the chemical composition of only five species has been reported, and 59 compounds have been isolated and identified, including steroids, coumarins, flavonoids, quinic acid derivatives, and amides. Pharmacological studies revealed that extracts from this genus and their bioactive components exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, anti-gout, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic effects. Although this genus is abundant, the development of its pharmacological applications remains limited. This review will systematically summarize the traditional and current uses, chemical compositions, and pharmacological activities of various Porana species. Network analysis was introduced to compare and confirm its output with current research progress to explore the potential targets and pathways of chemical components in this genus. We hope to increase understanding of this genus’s medicinal value and suggest directions for rational medicinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Peng
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Li
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Xi’an Institute for Food and Drug Control, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Cui
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongxun Tao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxun Tao, ; Zhiyong Chen,
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Shaanxi Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Hongxun Tao, ; Zhiyong Chen,
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Alotaibi B, Mokhtar FA, El-Masry TA, Elekhnawy E, Mostafa SA, Abdelkader DH, Elharty ME, Saleh A, Negm WA. Antimicrobial Activity of Brassica rapa L. Flowers Extract on Gastrointestinal Tract Infections and Antiulcer Potential Against Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats Supported by Metabolomics Profiling. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:7411-7430. [PMID: 35002276 PMCID: PMC8721290 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s345780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is vulnerable to various diseases. In this study, we explored the therapeutic effects of Brassica rapa flower extract (BRFE) on GIT diseases. METHODS Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) was used for phytochemical identification of the compounds in BRFE. The antibacterial activity of BRFE was investigated, and its impact on the bacterial outer and inner membrane permeability and membrane depolarization (using flow cytometry) was studied. In addition, the immunomodulatory activity of BRFE was investigated in vitro on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory activity of BRFE was investigated by histopathological examination and qRT-PCR on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers in rats. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION LC-ESI-MS/MS phytochemically identified 57 compounds in BRFE for the first time. BRFE displayed antibacterial activity against bacteria that cause GIT infections, with increasing outer and inner membrane permeability. However, membrane depolarization was unaffected. BRFE also exhibited immunomodulatory activity in LPS-stimulated PBMCs by attenuating the upregulation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) gene expression compared with untreated LPS-stimulated PBMCs. In addition, BRFE exhibited anti-inflammatory activity required for maintaining gastric mucosa homeostasis by decreasing neutrophil infiltration with subsequent myeloperoxidase production, in addition to an increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Histopathological findings presented the gastroprotective effects of BRFE, as a relatively normal stomach mucosa was found in treated rats. In addition, BRFE modulated the expression of genes encoding IL-10, NF-κB, GPx, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). CONCLUSION BRFE can be a promising source of therapeutic agents for treatment of GIT diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatma Alzahraa Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, ALsalam University, Al Gharbiyah, Egypt
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
| | - Sally A Mostafa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35511, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Abdelkader
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Elharty
- Study Master in Pharmaceutical Science at the Institute of Research and Environmental Studies, El Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 84428, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31111, Egypt
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Wang W, Shi L, Jin L, Wang K. Determination of selpercatinib, a RET kinase inhibitor, in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 35:e5052. [PMID: 33314236 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Selpercatinib (LOXO-292) is a selective and potent RET inhibitor. A highly sensitive, rapid and specific high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for quantification of selpercatinib in rat plasma is reported. The method was validated in terms of selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision, extraction recovery and matrix effect, stability and carryover as per the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. Selpercatinib was detected by an electrospray ionization interface under selective reaction monitoring conditions in the positive ion mode. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range from 1 to 2000 ng/ml with r2 = 0.9951. The intra- and inter-batch accuracy values ranged from 97.45 to 100.97% and from 98.70 to 100.74% with coefficients of variation of 2.45-6.99% and 5.89-7.99%, respectively. The extraction recovery and IS-normalized matrix factor were acceptable for the bioanalysis of selpercatinib. Additionally, selpercatinib was found to be stable under the detected conditions. It showed linear pharmacokinetic characteristics following oral administration to rats at 2.0-18.0 mg/kg. The results showed that the novel method for detecting selpercatinib in rat plasma could be successfully applied for quantification of selpercatinib in biosamples from nonclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuhong Shi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luya Jin
- Department of Neurology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hangzhou Xiasha Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Fan X, Yang G, Cui W, Liu Q, Zhang Z, Zhang Z. Development and full validation of an LC-MS/MS methodology to quantify capmatinib (INC280) following intragastric administration to rats. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4768. [PMID: 31821576 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive, specific and simple LC-MS/MS method for quantification of capmatinib (INC280) in rat plasma was presented. The LC-MS/MS method was validated in terms of specificity and selectivity, linearity, accuracy and precision, matrix effect, extraction recovery, dilution integrity, carryover and stability as per the US Food and Drug Administration's bioanalytical method validation guideline. The validated assay was applied for quantification of capmatinib from a pharmacokinetic study in rats following oral administration at the doses of 1.0, 3.0 and 9.0 mg/kg. The calibration curve ranges from 1 to 2000 ng/ml with desirable linearity and r2 > 0.99. The intra- and inter-batch accuracies were within 99.24-103.59 and 97.76-102.83% with coefficients of variation 5.08-7.36 and 3.18-4.99%, respectively. No significant interference was observed by endogenous peak at the retention time of capmatinib and IS. The assay was free from any matrix effect and showed precise recovery across the calibration curve range, and samples were stable under all experimental conditions. The validated assay was successfully applied to analyze plasma samples of pharmacokinetic study in rat to determine the concentration of capmatinib. In summary, a novel method for analyzing capmatinib in rat plasma has been successfully validated and is now being utilized for quantification of capmatinib from pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Fan
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Guanghu Yang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Wenjuan Cui
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Qin Liu
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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