Gas chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric identification and quantitation of metabolic 4-acetyltoluene-2,4-diamine from the F344 rat

Exposure to toluenediamines from polyurethane-covered breast implants

Toluenediamines (TDA) were monitored in blood, urine and redon drainage following implantation of polyurethane (PU)-covered breast prostheses. In the redon drainage TDAs showed an initial steep drop. The levels did not fall below detection limits but formed a plateau, which suggests a continued degradation of the PU foam. Urinary metabolite levels were above pre-operation background in all samples collected. In plasma there is an initial lag period of 20-30 days, where little above background TDA was found, after which levels rose to above 4.0 and 1.5 ng/ml plasma for 2,4-toluenediamine (24TDA) and 2,6-toluenediamine (26TDA), respectively. Elevated levels were found up to 2 years post-operation. Acid hydrolysis of precipitated plasma proteins released equivalent amounts of TDA as from total plasma, TDA being covalently bound to both albumin and globulin fractions. Urinary and plasma levels from these patients are in the same range detected from occupational exposure to toluene diisocyanate.

Quantitation of the tetrachloroethylene metabolite N-acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)cysteine in rat urine via negative ion chemical ionization gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry

A sensitive and selective negative ion chemical ionization gas chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric (NICI GC/MS/MS) method was developed for the determination of the tetrachlorethylene metabolite, N-acetyl-S-(trichlorovinyl)cysteine (TCVC), in rat urine. Urine samples were fortified with a 13C,D2-analog of TCVC, acidified and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract were derivatized with methanolic HCl, and the resulting methyl esters analyzed via NICI GC/MS/MS. Detection of the TCVC analogs was performed by monitoring the Cl- product ion of M-Cl2C2HS-. The limit of detection for TCVC by this method was estimated to be 0.1 ng ml-1 urine (3 x noise). The quantitation limit was determined to be 0.3 ng TCVC per milliliter of urine. The method was found to be linear for TCVC concentrations from 0.3 to 104 ng ml-1 urine. Relative recovery of TCVC from urine ranged from 95.4% to 108.5%. Additional data are given for GC/MS and GC/MS/MS analysis of the pentafluoro-benzyl ester derivative of TCVC. Data are also presented for the isolation and analysis of this compound obtained from dosed rats.