Trousseau syndrome with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that could be removed radically after endovascular treatment: Report of a case

Risk assessment and prognostic analysis of patients with splenic infarction in emergency department: a multicenter retrospective study

Splenic infarction is a thromboembolic disease that is frequently missed in acute settings. Previous reviews were rarely presented from a clinical perspective. We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors with diagnostic value, and prognostic factors using large cohort data and a matched case–control study method. A retrospective medical record review of six hospitals in Taiwan from January 1, 2005, to August 31, 2020, was conducted. All patients who underwent contrast CT with confirmed the diagnosis of splenic infarction were included. Their characteristics were presented and compared to a matched control group with similar presenting characteristics. Prognostic factors were also analyzed. A total of 130 cases were included, two-thirds of whom presented with abdominal pain. Atrial fibrillation was the most common associated predisposing condition, followed by hematologic disease. A higher proportion of tachycardia, positive qSOFA score, history of hypertension or atrial fibrillation, leukocytosis, and thrombocytopenia were found in splenic infarction patients compared to their counterparts. An underlying etiology of infective endocarditis was associated with a higher proportion of ICU admission. Splenic infarction patients often presented with left upper abdominal pain and tachycardia. A history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, a laboratory result of leukocytosis or thrombocytopenia may provide a clue for clinicians to include splenic infarction in the differential list. Among the patients diagnosed with splenic infarction, those with an underlying etiology of infectious endocarditis may be prone to deterioration or ICU admission.

Multiple Thrombectomies for Cerebral and Coronary Artery Occlusion in Trousseau Syndrome

Objective

Trousseau syndrome (TS) is a condition of systemic thrombosis generally associated with an underlying malignancy. An ischemic stroke is a representative thrombotic event. Thrombectomy is a useful procedure for the treatment of cerebral large vessel occlusion, and anticoagulation therapy is the main preventive treatment for TS. This case report describes a woman with terminal pancreatic tumor presenting with repeated occlusions of cerebral and coronary arteries necessitating multiple thrombectomies.

Case Presentation

A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with severe right hemiplegia and global aphasia. MRI revealed left M1 occlusion; therefore, a thrombectomy was performed. Her symptoms recovered completely. Body contrast CT revealed pancreatic cancer with multiple metastases, and she was diagnosed with TS. On day 4 after thrombectomy, the same neurological symptoms occurred and re-occlusion of the left M1 was confirmed. Endothelial injury was suspected, and thrombectomy was repeated. Despite continuing anticoagulation therapy, the coronary artery was occluded and she underwent percutaneous coronary intervention on day 13. To treat the primary pancreatic lesion, she was transferred to the Surgery unit on day 20.

Conclusion

Hypercoagulability associated with TS and endothelial damage due to rough procedure resulted in repeated vessel occlusions in this case. Careful thrombectomy and anticoagulation therapy with strict monitoring are needed in TS patients.

Trousseau syndrome with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma that could be removed radically after endovascular treatment: Report of a case

BACKGROUND

Trousseau syndrome is a poor prognosis. We report a case of Trousseau syndrome treated by radical resection after endovascular treatment.

CASE

A 59-year-old woman presented to our department reporting spontaneous dizziness and pain of the upper abdomen. Magnetic resolution imaging (MRI) showed shower embolization of Brain. Contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CT) showed renal infarction and splenic infarction, and a tumor was observed in the retrohepatic area. On day 9, sudden right side joint prejudice, neglect of left half space, and left hemiplegia were observed. MRI revealed obstruction of the right middle cerebral artery (MCA) perfusion zone. On the same day, endovascular treatment was performed and reperfusion was obtained. We decided on a radical surgery policy because there were a primary lesion and a high risk of new embolism, and no metastasis was seen.

DISCUSSION

Trousseau syndrome generally has a poor prognosis, but active treatment should be considered as an option when we can expect the recovery of function.