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Prades-Sagarra È, Yaromina A, Dubois LJ. Polyphenols as Potential Protectors against Radiation-Induced Adverse Effects in Patients with Thoracic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092412. [PMID: 37173877 PMCID: PMC10177176 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the standard treatment approaches used against thoracic cancers, occasionally combined with chemotherapy, immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. However, these cancers are often not highly sensitive to standard of care treatments, making the use of high dose radiotherapy necessary, which is linked with high rates of radiation-induced adverse effects in healthy tissues of the thorax. These tissues remain therefore dose-limiting factors in radiation oncology despite recent technological advances in treatment planning and delivery of irradiation. Polyphenols are metabolites found in plants that have been suggested to improve the therapeutic window by sensitizing the tumor to radiotherapy, while simultaneously protecting normal cells from therapy-induced damage by preventing DNA damage, as well as having anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory or immunomodulatory properties. This review focuses on the radioprotective effect of polyphenols and the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects in the normal tissue, especially in the lung, heart and esophagus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èlia Prades-Sagarra
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ala Yaromina
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ludwig J Dubois
- The M-Lab, Department of Precision Medicine, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sminia P, Guipaud O, Viktorsson K, Ahire V, Baatout S, Boterberg T, Cizkova J, Dostál M, Fernandez-Palomo C, Filipova A, François A, Geiger M, Hunter A, Jassim H, Edin NFJ, Jordan K, Koniarová I, Selvaraj VK, Meade AD, Milliat F, Montoro A, Politis C, Savu D, Sémont A, Tichy A, Válek V, Vogin G. Clinical Radiobiology for Radiation Oncology. RADIOBIOLOGY TEXTBOOK 2023:237-309. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-18810-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThis chapter is focused on radiobiological aspects at the molecular, cellular, and tissue level which are relevant for the clinical use of ionizing radiation (IR) in cancer therapy. For radiation oncology, it is critical to find a balance, i.e., the therapeutic window, between the probability of tumor control and the probability of side effects caused by radiation injury to the healthy tissues and organs. An overview is given about modern precision radiotherapy (RT) techniques, which allow optimal sparing of healthy tissues. Biological factors determining the width of the therapeutic window are explained. The role of the six typical radiobiological phenomena determining the response of both malignant and normal tissues in the clinic, the 6R’s, which are Reoxygenation, Redistribution, Repopulation, Repair, Radiosensitivity, and Reactivation of the immune system, is discussed. Information is provided on tumor characteristics, for example, tumor type, growth kinetics, hypoxia, aberrant molecular signaling pathways, cancer stem cells and their impact on the response to RT. The role of the tumor microenvironment and microbiota is described and the effects of radiation on the immune system including the abscopal effect phenomenon are outlined. A summary is given on tumor diagnosis, response prediction via biomarkers, genetics, and radiomics, and ways to selectively enhance the RT response in tumors. Furthermore, we describe acute and late normal tissue reactions following exposure to radiation: cellular aspects, tissue kinetics, latency periods, permanent or transient injury, and histopathology. Details are also given on the differential effect on tumor and late responding healthy tissues following fractionated and low dose rate irradiation as well as the effect of whole-body exposure.
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Radiotherapy Side Effects: Comprehensive Proteomic Study Unraveled Neural Stem Cell Degenerative Differentiation upon Ionizing Radiation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121759. [PMID: 36551187 PMCID: PMC9775306 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial radiation therapy is one of the most effective treatments for childhood brain cancers. Despite the ameliorated survival rate of juvenile patients, radiation exposure-induced brain neurogenic region injury could markedly impair patients' cognitive functions and even their quality of life. Determining the mechanism underlying neural stem cells (NSCs) response to irradiation stress is a crucial therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairment. The present study demonstrated that X-ray irradiation arrested NSCs' cell cycle and impacted cell differentiation. To further characterize irradiation-induced molecular alterations in NSCs, two-dimensional high-resolution mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics analyses were conducted to explore the mechanism underlying ionizing radiation's influence on stem cell differentiation. We observed that ionizing radiation suppressed intracellular protein transport, neuron projection development, etc., particularly in differentiated cells. Redox proteomics was performed for the quantification of cysteine thiol modifications in order to profile the oxidation-reduction status of proteins in stem cells that underwent ionizing radiation treatment. Via conjoint screening of protein expression abundance and redox status datasets, several significantly expressed and oxidized proteins were identified in differentiating NSCs subjected to X-ray irradiation. Among these proteins, succinate dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein subunit, mitochondrial (sdha) and the acyl carrier protein, mitochondrial (Ndufab1) were highly related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease, illustrating the dual-character of NSCs in cell differentiation: following exposure to ionizing radiation, the normal differentiation of NSCs was compromised, and the upregulated oxidized proteins implied a degenerative differentiation trajectory. These findings could be integrated into research on neurodegenerative diseases and future preventive strategies.
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The Radioprotective Activity of Resveratrol—Metabolomic Point of View. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12060478. [PMID: 35736411 PMCID: PMC9229206 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12060478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a plant-derived polyphenol, is an intensively studied compound with widely documented positive effects on health. Antioxidant activity is the property most often mentioned as responsible for its beneficial effects. Therefore, since the adverse effect of ionizing radiation is primarily related to the induction of oxidative stress, the question arises of whether the use of resveratrol could have a radioprotective effect. This paper summarizes the data on the cytoprotective activity of resveratrol and pieces of evidence for the potential interplay between response to radiation and resveratrol activity. The paper focuses on changes in the metabolic profile of cells and organisms induced by ionizing radiation and exposure to resveratrol. The comparison of metabolic changes induced by both factors provides a rationale for the potential mechanism of the radioprotective effects of resveratrol.
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Fakhri S, Piri S, Moradi SZ, Khan H. Phytochemicals Targeting Oxidative Stress, Interconnected Neuroinflammatory, and Neuroapoptotic Pathways Following Radiation. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:836-856. [PMID: 34370636 PMCID: PMC9881105 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210809103346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The radiation for therapeutic purposes has shown positive effects in different contexts; however, it can increase the risk of many age-related and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). These different outcomes highlight a dose-response phenomenon called hormesis. Prevailing studies indicate that high doses of radiation could play several destructive roles in triggering oxidative stress, neuroapoptosis, and neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration. However, there is a lack of effective treatments in combating radiation-induced neurodegeneration, and the present drugs suffer from some drawbacks, including side effects and drug resistance. Among natural entities, polyphenols are suggested as multi-target agents affecting the dysregulated pathogenic mechanisms in neurodegenerative disease. This review discusses the destructive effects of radiation on the induction of neurodegenerative diseases by dysregulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation. We also describe the promising effects of polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals in preventing and treating radiation-induced neurodegenerative disorders, aiming to find novel/potential therapeutic compounds against such disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
| | - Sana Piri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran;,These authors have contributed equally to this work.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan,Address correspondence to these author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran; E-mail: Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan; E-mail:
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Yu P, Wang L, Tang F, Guo S, Liao H, Fan C, Yang Q. Resveratrol-mediated neurorestoration after cerebral ischemic injury - Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway. Life Sci 2021; 280:119715. [PMID: 34116113 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Resveratrol pretreatment can decrease ischemic cerebral injury and enhance proliferation of neural stem cells via mediation of Sonic Hedgehog signaling. However, it is relatively little known about whether neurorestorative effects of resveratrol are mediated by Shh signaling in ischemic cerebral injury. The present study tests whether the Shh signaling pathway mediates resveratrol to promote neurorestoration of ischemic cerebral injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats or neurons before middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) or oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury were pretreated with resveratrol. Immunohistochemistry is used to be determined BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/Nestin+ and BrdU+/NG2+ cell (markers of new proliferated neural stem/progenitor and oligodendrocyte precursor cell, respectively), BrdU+/MAP2+ and BrdU+/CNPase+ cell (markers of new mature neuron and oligodendrocyte, respectively), BrdU+/TUNEL+ cell (marker of apoptosis for new proliferated cell), SY, NF200, Iba-1 and GFAP (markers of synaptogenesis, axon, microglia and astrocyte, respectively). Shh and Gli-1 mRNAs were detected by RT-PCR assay. Iba-1, GFAP, Shh and Gli-1 proteins were detected by Western blot. KEY FINDINGS Resveratrol pretreatment significantly reduced neurological deficit scores, promoted proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival of neural stem/progenitor and oligodendrocyte precursor cells, inhibited astrocyte and microglia activation, strengthened synaptophysin and NF200 expression, at the same time, promoted neurite outgrowth of neurons. Meanwhile, expression levels of Shh and Gli-1 proteins were significantly increased and Gli-1 translocated into the nucleus. However, cyclopamine, a Smo inhibitor, canceled the above effects of resveratrol. CONCLUSIONS It may be mediated, at least partly, by the Shh signaling pathway that resveratrol pretreament promote neurorestoration of ischemic cerebral injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Yu
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Physical Examination Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fanren Tang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Liao
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cengceng Fan
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Bartley AF, Fischer M, Bagley ME, Barnes JA, Burdette MK, Cannon KE, Bolding MS, Foulger SH, McMahon LL, Weick JP, Dobrunz LE. Feasibility of cerium-doped LSO particles as a scintillator for x-ray induced optogenetics. J Neural Eng 2021; 18:10.1088/1741-2552/abef89. [PMID: 33730704 PMCID: PMC8656171 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/abef89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Non-invasive light delivery into the brain is needed forin vivooptogenetics to avoid physical damage. An innovative strategy could employ x-ray activation of radioluminescent particles (RLPs) to emit localized light. However, modulation of neuronal or synaptic function by x-ray induced radioluminescence from RLPs has not yet been demonstrated.Approach.Molecular and electrophysiological approaches were used to determine if x-ray dependent radioluminescence emitted from RLPs can activate light sensitive proteins. RLPs composed of cerium doped lutetium oxyorthosilicate (LSO:Ce), an inorganic scintillator that emits blue light, were used as they are biocompatible with neuronal function and synaptic transmission.Main results.We show that 30 min of x-ray exposure at a rate of 0.042 Gy s-1caused no change in the strength of basal glutamatergic transmission during extracellular field recordings in mouse hippocampal slices. Additionally, long-term potentiation, a robust measure of synaptic integrity, was induced after x-ray exposure and expressed at a magnitude not different from control conditions (absence of x-rays). We found that x-ray stimulation of RLPs elevated cAMP levels in HEK293T cells expressing OptoXR, a chimeric opsin receptor that combines the extracellular light-sensitive domain of rhodopsin with an intracellular second messenger signaling cascade. This demonstrates that x-ray radioluminescence from LSO:Ce particles can activate OptoXR. Next, we tested whether x-ray activation of the RLPs can enhance synaptic activity in whole-cell recordings from hippocampal neurons expressing channelrhodopsin-2, both in cell culture and acute hippocampal slices. Importantly, x-ray radioluminescence caused an increase in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in both systems, indicating activation of channelrhodopsin-2 and excitation of neurons.Significance.Together, our results show that x-ray activation of LSO:Ce particles can heighten cellular and synaptic function. The combination of LSO:Ce inorganic scintillators and x-rays is therefore a viable method for optogenetics as an alternative to more invasive light delivery methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aundrea F Bartley
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Máté Fischer
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Micah E Bagley
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Justin A Barnes
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Mary K Burdette
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, United States of America
| | - Kelli E Cannon
- Department of Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Mark S Bolding
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Stephen H Foulger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, United States of America
- Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Clemson University, Anderson, SC, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States of America
| | - Lori L McMahon
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Jason P Weick
- Department of Neurosciences, University of New Mexico-Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Lynn E Dobrunz
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Civitan International Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Comprehensive Neuroscience Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
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Agbele AT, Fasoro OJ, Fabamise OM, Oluyide OO, Idolor OR, Bamise EA. Protection Against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Normal Tissue Damage by Resveratrol: A Systematic Review. Eurasian J Med 2020; 52:298-303. [PMID: 33209085 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2020.20143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of some agents as radioprotectors has been evaluated for protection against normal tissue toxicity following exposure to ionizing radiation. Resveratrol, a natural flavonoid, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties has attracted research interests for its radioprotective potential. This study systematically evaluates existing studies to examine the radioprotective effectiveness of resveratrol. A literature search of the electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Embase was conducted to retrieve articles investigating the protective effect of resveratrol against ionizing radiation-induced damage to normal tissues. The search timeframe ranged from the inception of each database to January 2020. From an initial search of 231 articles, and after the removal of duplicates as well as applying the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 33 articles were finally included for this systematic review. Results showed promising protective effect of resveratrol against ionizing radiation-induced damage to normal tissues. Furthermore, no adverse effect was observed after administering resveratrol. Resveratrol showed the potential to protect against ionizing radiation-induced damage to normal tissue cells via notable mechanisms, including anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. However, further studies on the efficacy of clinical translation of resveratrol would open up more insights, while other gray areas such as the optimal radioprotective dosage of resveratrol requires further investigation. Overall, resveratrol is a potential double-edged sword in cancer therapy while protecting healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaba Tolulope Agbele
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olatunji Jimoh Fasoro
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi Moses Fabamise
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Oluwabusayo Odunola Oluyide
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Esther Abosede Bamise
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Pariset E, Malkani S, Cekanaviciute E, Costes SV. Ionizing radiation-induced risks to the central nervous system and countermeasures in cellular and rodent models. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:S132-S150. [PMID: 32946305 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1820598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Harmful effects of ionizing radiation on the Central Nervous System (CNS) are a concerning outcome in the field of cancer radiotherapy and form a major risk for deep space exploration. Both acute and chronic CNS irradiation induce a complex network of molecular and cellular alterations including DNA damage, oxidative stress, cell death and systemic inflammation, leading to changes in neuronal structure and synaptic plasticity with behavioral and cognitive consequences in animal models. Due to this complexity, countermeasure or therapeutic approaches to reduce the harmful effects of ionizing radiation include a wide range of protective and mitigative strategies, which merit a thorough comparative analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed current approaches for developing countermeasures to both targeted and non-targeted effects of ionizing radiation on the CNS from the molecular and cellular to the behavioral level. RESULTS We focus on countermeasures that aim to mitigate the four main detrimental actions of radiation on CNS: DNA damage, free radical formation and oxidative stress, cell death, and harmful systemic responses including tissue death and neuroinflammation. We propose a comprehensive review of CNS radiation countermeasures reported for the full range of irradiation types (photons and particles, low and high linear energy transfer) and doses (from a fraction of gray to several tens of gray, fractionated and unfractionated), with a particular interest for exposure conditions relevant to deep-space environment and radiotherapy. Our review reveals the importance of combined strategies that increase DNA protection and repair, reduce free radical formation and increase their elimination, limit inflammation and improve cell viability, limit tissue damage and increase repair and plasticity. CONCLUSIONS The majority of therapeutic approaches to protect the CNS from ionizing radiation have been limited to acute high dose and high dose rate gamma irradiation, and few are translatable from animal models to potential human application due to harmful side effects and lack of blood-brain barrier permeability that precludes peripheral administration. Therefore, a promising research direction would be to focus on practical applicability and effectiveness in a wider range of irradiation paradigms, from fractionated therapeutic to deep space radiation. In addition to discovering novel therapeutics, it would be worth maximizing the benefits and reducing side effects of those that already exist. Finally, we suggest that novel cellular and tissue models for developing and testing countermeasures in the context of other impairments might also be applied to the field of CNS responses to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Pariset
- Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA.,Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - Sherina Malkani
- Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA.,Young Scientist Program, Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - Egle Cekanaviciute
- Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
| | - Sylvain V Costes
- Space Biosciences Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
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Suckert T, Rassamegevanon T, Müller J, Dietrich A, Graja A, Reiche M, Löck S, Krause M, Beyreuther E, von Neubeck C. Applying Tissue Slice Culture in Cancer Research-Insights from Preclinical Proton Radiotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1589. [PMID: 32560230 PMCID: PMC7352770 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A challenge in cancer research is the definition of reproducible, reliable, and practical models, which reflect the effects of complex treatment modalities and the heterogeneous response of patients. Proton beam radiotherapy (PBRT), relative to conventional photon-based radiotherapy, offers the potential for iso-effective tumor control, while protecting the normal tissue surrounding the tumor. However, the effects of PBRT on the tumor microenvironment and the interplay with newly developed chemo- and immunotherapeutic approaches are still open for investigation. This work evaluated thin-cut tumor slice cultures (TSC) of head and neck cancer and organotypic brain slice cultures (OBSC) of adult mice brain, regarding their relevance for translational radiooncology research. TSC and OBSC were treated with PBRT and investigated for cell survival with a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, DNA repair via the DNA double strand break marker γH2AX, as well as histology with regards to morphology. Adult OBSC failed to be an appropriate model for radiobiological research questions. However, histological analysis of TSC showed DNA damage and tumor morphological results, comparable to known in vivo and in vitro data, making them a promising model to study novel treatment approaches in patient-derived xenografts or primary tumor material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Suckert
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Treewut Rassamegevanon
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Johannes Müller
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Antje Dietrich
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Antonia Graja
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
| | - Michael Reiche
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elke Beyreuther
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Cläre von Neubeck
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (T.R.); (A.D.); (A.G.); (S.L.); (M.K.); (C.v.N.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (J.M.); (M.R.); (E.B.)
- Department of Particle Therapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany
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11
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Radiation chronotherapy-clinical impact of treatment time-of-day: a systematic review. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:415-427. [PMID: 31729636 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03332-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many brain tumor patients suffer from radiation-induced toxicities. Chronotherapy is a treatment modality that utilizes circadian rhythms to optimize the effect on tumor while minimizing negative outcomes on healthy tissue. This review aims to systematically examine the literature on the application of a radiation chronotherapeutic for all cancers and determine the possible advantages of incorporating a circadian-based fixed time-of-day for radiotherapy into CNS cancers. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted in two electronic databases from inception to February 1, 2019. Primary research manuscripts were screened for those related to adult human subjects exposed to ionizing radiation using the chronotherapy technique. RESULTS Nine manuscripts were included in the review from 79 eligible articles. Three were prospective randomized trails and 6 were retrospective reviews. This survey revealed that overall survival and tumor control do not have consistent effects with only 60% and 55.5% of paper which included the variables having some significance, respectively. Treatment symptoms were the primary endpoint for both the prospective trials and were examined in 3 of the retrospective reviews; effects were observed in sensitive tissue for all 5 studies including mucosal linings and skin basal layer. CONCLUSIONS Existing literature suggests that the application of radiation chronotherapy may reduce negative symptom outcome within highly proliferative tissues. Further examination of radiation chronotherapy in well-designed prospective trials and studies in brain tumor patients are merited.
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Patties I, Kallendrusch S, Böhme L, Kendzia E, Oppermann H, Gaunitz F, Kortmann RD, Glasow A. The Chk1 inhibitor SAR-020106 sensitizes human glioblastoma cells to irradiation, to temozolomide, and to decitabine treatment. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2019; 38:420. [PMID: 31639020 PMCID: PMC6805470 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive brain tumour in adults with a median overall survival of only 14 months after standard therapy with radiation therapy (IR) and temozolomide (TMZ). In a novel multimodal treatment approach we combined the checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) inhibitor SAR-020106 (SAR), disrupting homologue recombination, with standard DNA damage inducers (IR, TMZ) and the epigenetic/cytotoxic drug decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycitidine, 5-aza-dC). Different in vitro glioblastoma models are monitored to evaluate if the impaired DNA damage repair may chemo/radiosensitize the tumour cells. Methods Human p53-mutated (p53-mut) and -wildtype (p53-wt) glioblastoma cell lines (p53-mut: LN405, T98G; p53-wt: A172, DBTRG) and primary glioblastoma cells (p53-mut: P0297; p53-wt: P0306) were treated with SAR combined with TMZ, 5-aza-dC, and/or IR and analysed for induction of apoptosis (AnnexinV and sub-G1 assay), cell cycle distribution (nuclear PI staining), DNA damage (alkaline comet or gH2A.X assay), proliferation inhibition (BrdU assay), reproductive survival (clonogenic assay), and potential tumour stem cells (nestinpos/GFAPneg fluorescence staining). Potential treatment-induced neurotoxicity was evaluated on nestin-positive neural progenitor cells in a murine entorhinal-hippocampal slice culture model. Results SAR showed radiosensitizing effects on the induction of apoptosis and on the reduction of long-term survival in p53-mut and p53-wt glioblastoma cell lines and primary cells. In p53-mut cells, this effect was accompanied by an abrogation of the IR-induced G2/M arrest and an enhancement of IR-induced DNA damage by SAR treatment. Also TMZ and 5-aza-dC acted radioadditively albeit to a lesser extent. The multimodal treatment achieved the most effective reduction of clonogenicity in all tested cell lines and did not affect the ratio of nestinpos/GFAPneg cells. No neurotoxic effects were detected when the number of nestin-positive neural progenitor cells remained unchanged after multimodal treatment. Conclusion The Chk1 inhibitor SAR-020106 is a potent sensitizer for DNA damage-induced cell death in glioblastoma therapy strongly reducing clonogenicity of tumour cells. Selectively enhanced p53-mut cell death may provide stronger responses in tumours defective of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Our results suggest that a multimodal therapy involving DNA damage inducers and DNA repair inhibitors might be an effective anti-tumour strategy with a low risk of neurotoxicity.
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Michaelidesová A, Konířová J, Bartůněk P, Zíková M. Effects of Radiation Therapy on Neural Stem Cells. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E640. [PMID: 31450566 PMCID: PMC6770913 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain and nervous system cancers in children represent the second most common neoplasia after leukemia. Radiotherapy plays a significant role in cancer treatment; however, the use of such therapy is not without devastating side effects. The impact of radiation-induced damage to the brain is multifactorial, but the damage to neural stem cell populations seems to play a key role. The brain contains pools of regenerative neural stem cells that reside in specialized neurogenic niches and can generate new neurons. In this review, we describe the advances in radiotherapy techniques that protect neural stem cell compartments, and subsequently limit and prevent the occurrence and development of side effects. We also summarize the current knowledge about neural stem cells and the molecular mechanisms underlying changes in neural stem cell niches after brain radiotherapy. Strategies used to minimize radiation-related damages, as well as new challenges in the treatment of brain tumors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Michaelidesová
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Dosimentry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Konířová
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Radiation Dosimentry, Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Na Truhlářce 39/64, 180 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bartůněk
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Zíková
- Laboratory of Cell Differentiation, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, v. v. i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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14
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Yang L, Ran Y, Quan Z, Wang R, Yang Q, Jia Q, Zhang H, Li Y, Peng Y, Liang J, Wang H, Nakanishi H, Deng Y, Qing H. Pterostilbene, an active component of the dragon's blood extract, acts as an antidepressant in adult rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:1323-1333. [PMID: 30607481 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-5138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hippocampal neurogenesis has been widely considered as one of the potential biological mechanisms for the treatment of depression caused by chronic stress. Many natural products have been reported to be beneficial for neurogenesis. OBJECTIVES The present study is designed to investigate the effect of dragon's blood extract (DBE) and its biologically active compound, pterostilbene (PTE), on hippocampal neurogenesis. METHODS The male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used in this study, which were maintained on the normal, DBE and PTE diet groups for 4 weeks before dissection in the normal rat model and behavioral testing in the CUS depression rat model. Meanwhile, DMI-treated rats are subcutaneously injected with DMI (10 mg/kg, i.p.). RESULTS Results revealed that DBE and PTE have the ability to promote hippocampal neurogenesis. DBE and PTE also promoted the proliferation of neural stem cells isolated from the brain of suckling rats. Oral administration of DBE and PTE induced the proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in chronic unexpected stressed (CUS) model rats, and improved the behavioral ability and alleviated depress-like symptoms of CUS rats. It was also observed that PTE treatment significantly induced the expression of neurogenesis-related factors, including BDNF, pERK, and pCREB. CONCLUSION Oral administration of PTE could affect neurogenesis and it is likely to be achieved via BDNF/ERK/CREB-associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Yang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Ran
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- Central Laboratory, BeijingLuhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Quan
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Wang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghu Yang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences & Research Center for Resource Peptide Drugs, Shaanxi Engineering & Technological Research Center for Conversation & Utilization of Regional Biological Resources, Yanan University, Yanan, 716000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiutian Jia
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Heao Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiheng Peng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - JianHua Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Biomedical School, Beijing City University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Hiroshi Nakanishi
- Department of Aging Science and Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yulin Deng
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hong Qing
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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Cherniack EP, Chekuri S, Lee HF. Potential Non-neoplastic Applications for Polyphenols in Stem Cell Utilization. Curr Drug Targets 2018; 20:347-353. [PMID: 30062965 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180731092453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
While polyphenols may have important effects on pluripotential stem cells that make them noteworthy as potential antineoplastic agents, their action on stem cells may portend other health benefits, such as treatments for cardiovascular and neurocognitive disorders. Resveratrol, the beststudied polyphenol, has been found to enable stem cells to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, neurons, osteocytes, and pancreatic beta cells, as well as facilitating augmentation of stem cell populations and protecting them from toxic injury. Curcumin protects mesenchymal stem cells from toxicity, and prevents them from facilitating chondrocytic hypertrophy. Quercetin enabled osteocytic and pancreatic beta cell differentiation, and protected neuronal stem cells from injury. Epigallocatechin gallate prevented damage to osteocyte precursors and averted differentiation into undesirable adipocytes. Genistein facilitated osteogenesis while preventing adipogenesis. Several other polyphenols, daidzein, caffeic and chlorogenic acid, kaempferol, and piceatannol, protect stems cells from reactive oxygen species and foster stem cells differentiation away from adipocytic and toward osteocytic lineages. Further research should better elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles of each polyphenol, explore novel delivery systems, and expand investigation beyond rodent models to additional species.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Paul Cherniack
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States.,Geriatrics and Extended Care Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Sahithi Chekuri
- Geriatrics and Extended Care Service, Bruce W. Carter VA Medical Center, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Heather F Lee
- University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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Wefel JS, Parsons MW, Gondi V, Brown PD. Neurocognitive aspects of brain metastasis. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2018; 149:155-165. [PMID: 29307352 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811161-1.00012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Brain metastases are common, occurring in approximately 20% of cancer patients. One of the biggest concerns for these patients and their families is neurocognitive decline. Neurocognitive issues in this patient population are complex and many patients have neurocognitive impairment due to systemic therapies even before they develop brain metastases. The development of brain metastases as well as the treatment of these tumors can cause decline in neurocognitive function. Diffuse treatments such as whole-brain radiotherapy are more frequently associated with neurocognitive decline than focal interventions such as radiosurgery, surgical resection, and implantable chemotherapy wafers. For patients with brain metastases treatment decisions require a multidisciplinary approach, balancing many factors including the neurocognitive impact of treatment and the disease process itself. Finally, to continue to advance the field there needs to be continued utilization, both off and on clinical trial, of performance-based clinical outcome assessments (i.e., neurocognitive tests) to objectively assess and measure the neurocognitive outcomes of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Wefel
- Section of Neuropsychology, Department of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
| | - Michael W Parsons
- Section of Neuropsychology, Burkhardt Brain Tumor Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Vinai Gondi
- Brain and Spine Tumor Center, Northwestern Medicine Cancer Center Warrenville and Northwestern Medicine Chicago Proton Center, Warrenville, IL, United States
| | - Paul D Brown
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Lee HJ, Choi BT. Effects of α-asarone on Proliferation and Differentiation of Neural Progenitor Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.11637/kjpa.2018.31.2.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ju Lee
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- BK21 Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Byung Tae Choi
- Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- BK21 Graduate Training Program of Korean Medicine for Healthy-Aging, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Korean Medical Science Research Center for Healthy-Aging, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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18
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Distinct Mechanisms Underlying Resveratrol-Mediated Protection from Types of Cellular Stress in C6 Glioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071521. [PMID: 28708069 PMCID: PMC5536011 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The polyphenolic phytostilbene, trans-resveratrol, is found in high amounts in several types and tissues of plants, including grapes, and has been proposed to have beneficial effects in the central nervous system due to its activity as an antioxidant. The objective of the present study was to identify the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of resveratrol under conditions of oxidative stress or DNA damage, induced by the extracellularly applied oxidant, tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide, or UV-irradiation, respectively. In C6 glioma cells, a model system for glial cell biology and pharmacology, resveratrol was protective against both types of insult. Prevention of tau protein cleavage and of the formation of neurofibrillary tangles were identified as mechanisms of action of resveratrol-mediated protection in both paradigms of cellular damage. However, depending on the type of insult, resveratrol exerted its protective activity differentially: under conditions of chemically induced oxidative stress, inhibition of caspase activity, while with DNA damage, resveratrol regulated tau phosphorylation at Ser422. Results advance our understanding of resveratrol’s complex impact on cellular signaling pathway and contribute to the notion of resveratrol’s role as a pleiotropic therapeutic agent.
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Abstract
Adult neurogenesis is the process of producing new neurons from neural stem cells (NSCs) for integration into the brain circuitry. Neurogenesis occurs throughout life in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. However, during aging, NSCs and their progenitors exhibit reduced proliferation and neuron production, which is thought to contribute to age-related cognitive impairment and reduced plasticity that is necessary for some types of brain repair. In this review, we describe NSCs and their niches during tissue homeostasis and how they undergo age-associated remodeling and dysfunction. We also discuss some of the functional ramifications in the brain from NSC aging. Finally, we discuss some recent insights from interventions in NSC aging that could eventually translate into therapies for healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deana M Apple
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States; The Barshop Institute on Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Rene Solano-Fonseca
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States; The Barshop Institute on Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States
| | - Erzsebet Kokovay
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States; The Barshop Institute on Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, United States.
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Prager I, Patties I, Himmelbach K, Kendzia E, Merz F, Müller K, Kortmann RD, Glasow A. Dose-dependent short- and long-term effects of ionizing irradiation on neural stem cells in murine hippocampal tissue cultures: neuroprotective potential of resveratrol. Brain Behav 2016; 6:e00548. [PMID: 27781151 PMCID: PMC5064349 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiation therapy plays an essential role in the treatment of brain tumors, but neurocognitive deficits remain a significant risk, especially in pediatric patients. In recent trials, hippocampal sparing techniques are applied to reduce these adverse effects. Here, we investigate dose-dependent effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on juvenile hippocampal neurogenesis. Additionally, we evaluate the radioprotective potential of resveratrol, a plant polyphenol recognized for its bifunctional tumor-preventive and anticancer effects. METHODS Organotypic entorhinal-hippocampal slice cultures from transgenic nestin-CFPnuc C57BL/J6 mice, postnatal days 3-6, were irradiated on a X-ray machine (4.5, 8, 12, and 16 Gy, single doses) after about 2 weeks. Nestin-positive neural stem cells were counted at a confocal live imaging microscope 0, 2, 4, 14, 25, and 42 days after IR. Resveratrol (15 μmol/L) was added 2 hr before and 24 hr after IR. Proliferation and cell death were assessed by BrdU pulse label, 48 hr after and by propidium iodide staining 96 hr after IR. GFAP- and NeuN-positive cells were counted 42 days after IR in cryosectioned immunofluorescence-stained slices. RESULTS The observed age-related changes of nestin-positive stem cells in the organotypic slice culture model resembled the reduction of neural stem cells in vivo. IR (4.5-16 Gy) led to a dose-dependent damage of the neural stem cell pool in the dentate gyrus. No recovery was seen within 42 days after doses from 4.5 Gy onward. The decline of nestin-positive cells was paralleled by increased cell death and decreased proliferation. The number of GFAP-positive cells was significantly enhanced. No significant change was detected in the overall NeuN-positive cell population, whereas the number of newborn, NeuN/BrdU double-positive neurons was reduced. Resveratrol treatment reversed the irradiation-induced decline of neural stem cells. CONCLUSION The neuroprotective action of resveratrol on irradiated hippocampal tissue warrants further investigation as a possible supplement to hippocampal sparing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabell Prager
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Ina Patties
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Katrin Himmelbach
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Eva Kendzia
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Felicitas Merz
- Institute of Anatomy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Klaus Müller
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | | | - Annegret Glasow
- Department of Radiation Therapy University of Leipzig Leipzig Germany
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