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Obaid S, Qureshi HM, Aljishi A, Shaikh N, Kundishora AJ, Bronen RA, DiLuna M, Damisah EC. Child Neurology: Functional Reorganization Mediating Supplementary Motor Area Syndrome Recovery in Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum. Neurology 2022; 99:161-165. [PMID: 35618432 PMCID: PMC9421776 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is a typically transient condition resulting from damage to the medial premotor cortex. The exact mechanism of recovery remains unknown but is traditionally described as a process involving functional compensation by the contralateral SMA through corpus callosal fibers. The purpose of this case study is to highlight a distinct extracallosal mechanism of functional recovery from an SMA syndrome in a patient with agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC). We present the clinical presentation and perioperative functional neuroimaging features of a 16-year-old patient with complete ACC who exhibited recovery from an SMA syndrome resulting from surgical resection of a right-sided low-grade glioma. Preoperative fMRI revealed anatomically concordant activation areas during finger and toe tapping tasks bilaterally. Three months after surgery, the patient had fully recovered, and a repeat fMRI revealed shift of the majority of the left toe tapping area from the expected contralateral hemisphere to the ipsilateral left paracentral lobule and SMA. The fMRI signal remodeling observed in this acallosal patient suggests that within-hemisphere plasticity of the healthy hemisphere may constitute an alternative critical process in SMA syndrome resolution and challenges the traditional view that transcallosal fibers are necessary for functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Obaid
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Hanya M Qureshi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ayman Aljishi
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Neelam Shaikh
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Adam J Kundishora
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Richard A Bronen
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael DiLuna
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Eyiyemisi C Damisah
- From the Department of Neurosurgery and Department of Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
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Abstract
Cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) is the key second messenger molecule in nitric oxide signaling. Its rapid generation and fate, but also its role in mediating acute cellular functions has been extensively studied. In the past years, genetic studies suggested an important role for cGMP in affecting the risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases, for example, coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction. Here, we review the role of cGMP in atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases and discuss recent genetic findings and identified mechanisms. Finally, we highlight open questions and promising research topics.
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Lud Cadet J. Dysregulation of Acetylation Enzymes Inanimal Models of Psychostimulant use Disorders: Evolving Stories. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:10-6. [PMID: 26813118 PMCID: PMC4787278 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x13666150121230133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance use disorders are neuropsychiatric illnesses that have substantial negative biopsychosocial impact. These diseases are defined as compulsive abuse of licit or illicit substances despite adverse medicolegal consequences. Although much research has been conducted to elucidate the pathobiological bases of these disorders, much remains to be done to develop an overarching neurobiological understanding that might be translatable to beneficial pharmacological therapies. Recent advances in epigenetics promise to lead to such an elucidation. Here I provide a brief overview of observations obtained using some models of psychostimulant administration in rodents. The review identifies CREB binding protein (CBP), HDAC1, HDAC2, HADC3, HDAC4, and HDAC5 as important players in the acetylation and deacetylation processes that occur after contingent or non-contingent administration of psychostimulants. These observations are discussed within a framework that suggests a need for better animal models of addiction in order to bring these epigenetic advances to bear on the pharmacological treatment of human addicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Lud Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224.
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Shariatpanahi M, Khodagholi F, Ashabi G, Bonakdar Yazdi B, Hassani S, Azami K, Abdollahi M, Noorbakhsh F, Taghizadeh G, Sharifzadeh M. The involvement of protein kinase G inhibitor in regulation of apoptosis and autophagy markers in spatial memory deficit induced by Aβ. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2016; 30:364-75. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Shariatpanahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- NeuroBiology Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology; Physiology Research Center; School of Medicine; Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Ahvaz Iran
| | - Behnoosh Bonakdar Yazdi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Kian Azami
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Farshid Noorbakhsh
- Department of Immunology; Faculty of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Ghorban Taghizadeh
- Department of Neuroscience; Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology in Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology; Faculty of Pharmacy; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
- Department of Neuroscience; Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology in Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
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Cadet JL, McCoy MT, Jayanthi S. Epigenetics and addiction. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 99:502-11. [PMID: 26841306 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Addictions are public health menaces. However, despite advances in addiction research, the cellular or molecular mechanisms that cause transition from recreational use to addiction remain to be elucidated. We have recently suggested that addiction may be secondary to long-term epigenetic modifications that determine the clinical course of substance use disorders. A better understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in animal models that mimic human conditions should help to usher in a new area of drug development against addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Cadet
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M T McCoy
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Jayanthi
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIH/NIDA Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Krause BJ, Hernandez C, Caniuguir A, Vasquez-Devaud P, Carrasco-Wong I, Uauy R, Casanello P. Arginase-2 is cooperatively up-regulated by nitric oxide and histone deacetylase inhibition in human umbilical artery endothelial cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 99:53-9. [PMID: 26551598 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Arginase-2 counteracts endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity in human endothelium, and its expression is negatively controlled by histone deacetylase (HDAC2). Conversely NO inhibits HDAC and previous studies suggest that arginase-2 is up-regulated by NO. We studied whether NO regulates arginase-2 expression in umbilical artery endothelial cells (HUAEC) increasing ARG2 promoter accessibility. HUAEC exposed to NOC-18 (NO donor, 1-100 μM, 0-24 h) showed an increase in arginase-2 but a decrease in eNOS mRNA levels in a time-dependent manner, with a maximal effect at 100 μM (24 h). Conversely NOS inhibition with L-NAME (100 μM) reduced arginase-2 mRNA and protein levels, an effect reverted by co-incubation with NOC-18. Treatment with TSA paralleled the effects of NO on arginase-2 and eNOS at mRNA and protein levels, with maximal effect at 10 μM. Co-incubation of NOC-18 (100 μM) with a sub-maximal concentration of TSA (1 μM) potentiated the increase in arginase-2 mRNA levels, whilst L-NAME prevented TSA-dependent arginase-2 induction. The effects on arginase-2 mRNA were paralleled by changes in chromatin accessibility, as well as increased levels of H3K9 and H4K12 acetylation, at ARG2 proximal (-579 to -367 and -280 to -73 bp from TSS) and core (-121 to +126 bp from TSS) promoter. Finally NO-dependent arginase-2 induction was prevented by pre-incubation for 10 min with the cysteine blocker MMTS (10 mM). These data showed for the first time that NO up-regulates arginase-2 expression in primary cultured human endothelial cells by an epigenetic-mediated mechanism increasing ARG2 promoter accessibility suggesting a negative regulatory loop for eNOS activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo J Krause
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Cherie Hernandez
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres Caniuguir
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Vasquez-Devaud
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ivo Carrasco-Wong
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Uauy
- Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Casanello
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Division of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Zwiller J. [Epigenetics and drug addiction: a focus on MeCP2 and on histone acetylation]. Med Sci (Paris) 2015; 31:439-46. [PMID: 25958763 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20153104019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic drug exposure alters gene expression in the brain, which is believed to underlie compulsive drug seeking and drug taking behavior. Recent evidence shows that drug-induced long-term neuroadaptations in the brain are mediated in part by epigenetic mechanisms. By remodeling chromatin, this type of regulation contributes to drug-induced synaptic plasticity that translates into behavioral modifications. How drug-induced alterations in DNA methylation regulate gene expression is reviewed here, with a focus on MeCP2, a protein binding methylated DNA. The importance of histone modifications, especially acetylation is also discussed, with an emphasis on the effects of inhibitors of histone deacetylases on drug-induced behavioral changes. The precise identification of the epigenetic mechanisms that are under the control of drugs of abuse may help to uncover novel targets for the treatment of drug seeking and relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Zwiller
- Laboratoire de neurosciences cognitives et adaptatives, UMR 7364, CNRS, université de Strasbourg, faculté de psychologie, 12 rue Goethe, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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Cocaine self-administration by rats is inhibited by cyclic GMP-elevating agents: involvement of epigenetic markers. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 16:1587-97. [PMID: 23375146 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145712001630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) exerts its action via stimulation of the cyclic GMP (cGMP) signalling pathway, which includes the activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinases. The pathway can also be activated by inhibitors of phosphodiesterases (PDE) that hydrolyse cGMP. The present report shows that activation of the cGMP pathway by CNP, by bromo-cGMP, a cell-permeant cGMP analogue, or by the PDE inhibitor zaprinast dose dependently reduces intravenous cocaine self-administration by rats. The effect was found when the compounds were injected in situ into the prefrontal cortex, but not when they were injected into the nucleus accumbens. A decrease in the number of cocaine infusions performed by rats was obtained under the fixed ratio-1 schedule of reinforcement as well as under a progressive ratio schedule, which evaluates the motivation of the animals for the drug. Decrease in cocaine self-administration was accompanied with reduced expression of the epigenetic markers methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in dopaminergic projection areas. An increase in the acetylation level of histone H3, but not of histone H4, was also noticed. Since MeCP2 and HDAC2 are known to modulate dynamic functions in the adult brain, such as synaptic plasticity, our results showing that activation of the cGMP signal transduction pathway decreased both cocaine intake and expression of the epigenetic markers strongly suggest that the MeCP2/HDAC2 complex is involved in the analysis of the reinforcing properties of cocaine in the prefrontal cortex.
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