1
|
Cárdenas-Aguazaco W, Lara-Bertrand AL, Prieto-Abello L, Barreto-López N, Camacho B, Silva-Cote I. Exploring calcium-free alternatives in endochondral bone repair tested on In vivo trials - A review. Regen Ther 2024; 26:145-160. [PMID: 38872977 PMCID: PMC11169084 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone repair via endochondral ossification is a complex process for the critical size reparation of bone defects. Tissue engineering strategies are being developed as alternative treatments to autografts or allografts. Most approaches to bone regeneration involve the use of calcium composites. However, exploring calcium-free alternatives in endochondral bone repair has emerged as a promising way to contribute to bone healing. By analyzing researches from the last ten years, this review identifies the potential benefits of such alternatives compared to traditional calcium-based approaches. Understanding the impact of calcium-free alternatives on endochondral bone repair can have profound implications for orthopedic and regenerative medicine. This review evaluates the efficacy of calcium-free alternatives in endochondral bone repair through in vivo trials. The findings may guide future research to develop innovative strategies to improve endochondral bone repair without relying on calcium. Exploring alternative approaches may lead to the discovery of novel therapies that improve bone healing outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Cárdenas-Aguazaco
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| | - Adriana Lorena Lara-Bertrand
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Prieto-Abello
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| | - Nicolás Barreto-López
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| | - Bernardo Camacho
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| | - Ingrid Silva-Cote
- Unidad de Ingeniería Tisular, Instituto Distrital de Ciencia, Biotecnología e Innovación en Salud-IDCBIS, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huang RL, Li Q, Ma JX, Atala A, Zhang Y. Body fluid-derived stem cells - an untapped stem cell source in genitourinary regeneration. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:739-761. [PMID: 37414959 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00787-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Somatic stem cells have been obtained from solid organs and tissues, including the bone marrow, placenta, corneal stroma, periosteum, adipose tissue, dental pulp and skeletal muscle. These solid tissue-derived stem cells are often used for tissue repair, disease modelling and new drug development. In the past two decades, stem cells have also been identified in various body fluids, including urine, peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, amniotic fluid, synovial fluid, breastmilk and menstrual blood. These body fluid-derived stem cells (BFSCs) have stemness properties comparable to those of other adult stem cells and, similarly to tissue-derived stem cells, show cell surface markers, multi-differentiation potential and immunomodulatory effects. However, BFSCs are more easily accessible through non-invasive or minimally invasive approaches than solid tissue-derived stem cells and can be isolated without enzymatic tissue digestion. Additionally, BFSCs have shown good versatility in repairing genitourinary abnormalities in preclinical models through direct differentiation or paracrine mechanisms such as pro-angiogenic, anti-apoptotic, antifibrotic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, optimization of protocols is needed to improve the efficacy and safety of BFSC therapy before therapeutic translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Lin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ko W, Lee D, Kim SJ, Han GH, Lee D, Sheen SH, Sohn S. Injection of a PMMA-doped MSC spheroid gel for the treatment of painful osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10577. [PMID: 38023703 PMCID: PMC10658584 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to develop a biocompatible treatment to overcome the limitations of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) vertebroplasty for osteoporotic compression fracture patients. We synthesized an injectable hydrogel containing PMMA. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroids were included in the injectable PMMA-doped gel (= PMMA-doped spheroid gel). In vitro, the osteogenic/anti-inflammatory effects of the embedded spheroids were investigated by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method. In vivo, we used ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic rats with injured femurs to investigate the pain-relief effects. The OVX rats were divided into four groups according to the materials injected (non, PMMA, PMMA gel, and PMMA-spheroid gel) into the lesion. The immunofluorescence (IF) intensity levels of painful markers in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were measured. In vitro, a volumetric ratio of the gel of 8 (gel):2 (PMMA) was non-cytotoxic for MSCs and promoted the expression of osteogenic/anti-inflammatory markers. In vivo, the values of several bone parameters in the PMMA-doped spheroid gel group showed remarkable increases compared to those in the PMMA group. In addition, the IF intensity levels of the painful markers were noticeably decreased in the PMMA-spheroid gel group. We, therefore, suggest that this treatment can be useful for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan‐Kyu Ko
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life ScienceCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Daye Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life ScienceCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Seong Jun Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life ScienceCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Gong Ho Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
- Department of Life ScienceCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- Preclinical Research CenterDaegu‐Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Seung Hun Sheen
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| | - Seil Sohn
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnam‐siGyeonggi‐doRepublic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Morimoto S, Kajiya M, Yoshii H, Yoshino M, Horikoshi S, Motoike S, Iwata T, Ouhara K, Ando T, Yoshimoto T, Shintani T, Mizuno N. A Cartilaginous Construct with Bone Collar Exerts Bone-Regenerative Property Via Rapid Endochondral Ossification. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:1812-1827. [PMID: 37166558 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10554-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional clumps of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)/extracellular matrix (ECM) complexes (C-MSCs) can be implanted into tissue defects with no artificial scaffolds. In addition, the cellular properties and characteristics of the ECM in C-MSCs can be regulated in vitro. Most bone formation in the developmental and healing process is due to endochondral ossification, which occurs after bone collar formation surrounding cartilage derived from MSCs. Thus, to develop a rapid and reliable bone-regenerative cell therapy, the present study aimed to generate cartilaginous tissue covered with a mineralized bone collar-like structure from human C-MSCs by combining chondrogenic and osteogenic induction. Human bone marrow-derived MSCs were cultured in xeno-free/serum-free (XF) growth medium. Confluent cells that formed cellular sheets were detached from the culture plate using a micropipette tip. The floating cellular sheet contracted to round clumps of cells (C-MSCs). C-MSCs were maintained in XF-chondro-inductive medium (CIM) and XF-osteo-inductive medium (OIM). The biological and bone-regenerative properties of the generated cellular constructs were assessed in vitro and in vivo. C-MSCs cultured in CIM/OIM formed cartilaginous tissue covered with a mineralized matrix layer, whereas CIM treatment alone induced cartilage with no mineralization. Transplantation of the cartilaginous tissue covered with a mineralized matrix induced more rapid bone reconstruction via endochondral ossification in the severe combined immunodeficiency mouse calvarial defect model than that of cartilage generated using only CIM. These results highlight the potential of C-MSC culture in combination with CIM/OIM to generate cartilage covered with a bone collar-like structure, which can be applied for novel bone-regenerative cell therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Morimoto
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mikihito Kajiya
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Yoshii
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Mai Yoshino
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Susumu Horikoshi
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Souta Motoike
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-Cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwata
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Ouhara
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Toshinori Ando
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Shintani
- Department of Innovation and Precision Dentistry, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Mizuno
- Department of Periodontal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nadine S, Fernandes IJ, Correia CR, Mano JF. Close-to-native bone repair via tissue-engineered endochondral ossification approaches. iScience 2022; 25:105370. [PMID: 36339269 PMCID: PMC9626746 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to solve the clinical challenges related to bone grafting, several tissue engineering (TE) strategies have been proposed to repair critical-sized defects. Generally, the classical TE approaches are designed to promote bone repair via intramembranous ossification. Although promising, strategies that direct the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells are usually characterized by a lack of functional vascular supply, often resulting in necrotic cores. A less explored alternative is engineering bone constructs through a cartilage-mediated approach, resembling the embryological process of endochondral ossification. The remodeling of an intermediary hypertrophic cartilaginous template triggers vascular invasion and bone tissue deposition. Thus, employing this knowledge can be a promising direction for the next generation of bone TE constructs. This review highlights the most recent biomimetic strategies for applying endochondral ossification in bone TE while discussing the plethora of cell types, culture conditions, and biomaterials essential to promote a successful bone regeneration process.
Collapse
|