1
|
Sigg A, Klimacek M, Nidetzky B. Three-level hybrid modeling for systematic optimization of biocatalytic synthesis: α-glucosyl glycerol production by enzymatic trans-glycosylation from sucrose. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4028-4040. [PMID: 34232503 PMCID: PMC8518044 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mechanism-based kinetic models are rigorous tools to analyze enzymatic reactions, but their extension to actual conditions of the biocatalytic synthesis can be difficult. Here, we demonstrate (mechanistic-empirical) hybrid modeling for systematic optimization of the sucrose phosphorylase-catalyzed glycosylation of glycerol from sucrose, to synthesize the cosmetic ingredient α-glucosyl glycerol (GG). The empirical model part was developed to capture nonspecific effects of high sucrose concentrations (up to 1.5 M) on microscopic steps of the enzymatic trans-glycosylation mechanism. Based on verified predictions of the enzyme performance under initial rate conditions (Level 1), the hybrid model was expanded by microscopic terms of the reverse reaction to account for the full-time course of GG synthesis (Level 2). Lastly (Level 3), the application of the hybrid model for comprehensive window-of-operation analysis and constrained optimization of the GG production (~250 g/L) was demonstrated. Using two candidate sucrose phosphorylases (from Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Bifidobacterium adolescentis), we reveal the hybrid model as a powerful tool of "process decision making" to guide rational selection of the best-suited enzyme catalyst. Our study exemplifies a closing of the gap between enzyme kinetic models considered for mechanistic research and applicable in technologically relevant reaction conditions; and it highlights the important benefit thus realizable for biocatalytic process development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sigg
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Klimacek
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernd Nidetzky
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria.,Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology (ACIB), Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shi S, You Z, Zhou K, Chen Q, Pan J, Qian X, Xu J, Li C. Efficient Synthesis of 12‐Oxochenodeoxycholic Acid Using a 12α‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase fromRhodococcus ruber. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shou‐Cheng Shi
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi‐Neng You
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, School of BiotechnologyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Pan
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, School of BiotechnologyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Long Qian
- Suzhou Bioforany EnzyTech Co. Ltd. No. 8 Yanjiuyuan Road, Economic Development Zone, Changshu Jiangsu 215512 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian‐He Xu
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, School of BiotechnologyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| | - Chun‐Xiu Li
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Synthetic Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Centre for Biomanufacturing, School of BiotechnologyEast China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ohs R, Fischer K, Schöpping M, Spiess AC. Derivation and identification of a mechanistic model for a branched enzyme-catalyzed carboligation. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 35:e2868. [PMID: 31207120 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The kinetic description of enzyme-catalyzed reactions is a core task in biotechnology and biochemical engineering. In particular, mechanistic kinetic models help from the discovery of the biocatalyst throughout its application. Chemo- or enantioselective enzyme reactions often undergo two alternative pathways for the release of two different products from a central intermediate. For these types of reaction, no explicit reaction equations have been derived so far. To this end, we extend the commonly used Cleland's notation for branched reaction pathways and explicitly derive the rate expressions for two-coupled ordered bi-uni reactions. This mechanism also leads to a ping-pong bi-bi mechanism for a transfer reaction between the two products via the same central intermediate of the reaction system. Using the cross-ligation of benzaldehyde and propanal catalyzed by the thiamine diphosphate-dependent enzyme benzaldehyde lyase from Pseudomonas fluorescens yielding (R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-1-one as a case study, we performed model-based experimental analysis to show that such a reaction mechanism can be modeled mechanistically and leads to reasonable kinetic parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rüdiger Ohs
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik-Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Konrad Fischer
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik-Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie Schöpping
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik-Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Antje C Spiess
- Aachener Verfahrenstechnik-Enzyme Process Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,DWI-Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials Research, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng MM, Chen FF, Li H, Li CX, Xu JH. Continuous Production of Ursodeoxycholic Acid by Using Two Cascade Reactors with Co-immobilized Enzymes. Chembiochem 2017; 19:347-353. [PMID: 28926166 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is an effective drug for the treatment of hepatitis. In this study, 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7α-HSDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), as well as 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7β-HSDH) and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), were co-immobilized onto an epoxy-functionalized resin (ES-103) to catalyze the synthesis of UDCA from chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). Through optimizing the immobilization pH, time, and loading ratio of enzymes to resin, the specific activities of immobilized LDH-7αHSDH@ES-103 and 7βHSDH-GDH@ES-103 were 43.2 and 25.8 U g-1 , respectively, which were 12- and 516-fold higher than that under the initial immobilization conditions. Continuous production of UDCA from CDCA was subsequently achieved by using immobilized LDH-7αHSDH@ES-103 and 7βHSDH-GDH@ES-103 in two serial packed-bed reactors. The yield of UDCA reached nearly 100 % and lasted for at least 12 h in the packed-bed reactors, which was superior to that of the batchwise reaction. This efficient continuous approach developed herein might provide a feasible route for large-scale biotransformation of CDCA into UDCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Min Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Fei-Fei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Chun-Xiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing Technology, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Klermund L, Riederer A, Hunger A, Castiglione K. Protein engineering of a bacterial N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase for improved stability under process conditions. Enzyme Microb Technol 2016; 87-88:70-8. [PMID: 27178797 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic cascade reactions, i.e. the combination of several enzyme reactions in one pot without isolation of intermediates, have great potential for the establishment of sustainable chemical processes. However, many cascade reactions suffer from cross-inhibitions and enzyme inactivation by components of the reaction system. This study focuses on the two-step enzymatic synthesis of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) using an N-acyl-d-glucosamine 2-epimerase from Anabaena variabilis ATCC 29413 (AvaAGE) in combination with an N-acetylneuraminate lyase (NAL) from Escherichia coli. AvaAGE epimerizes N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) to N-acetyl-d-mannosamine (ManNAc), which then reacts with pyruvate in a NAL-catalyzed aldol condensation to form Neu5Ac. However, AvaAGE is inactivated by high pyruvate concentrations, which are used to push the NAL reaction toward the product side. A biphasic inactivation was observed in the presence of 50-800mM pyruvate resulting in activity losses of the AvaAGE of up to 60% within the first hour. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that pyruvate modifies one of the four lysine residues in the ATP-binding site of AvaAGE. Because ATP is an allosteric activator of the epimerase and the binding of the nucleotide is crucial for its catalytic properties, saturation mutagenesis at position K160 was performed to identify the most compatible amino acid exchanges. The best variants, K160I, K160N and K160L, showed no inactivation by pyruvate, but significantly impaired kinetic parameters. For example, depending on the mutant, the turnover number kcat was reduced by 51-68% compared with the wild-type enzyme. A mechanistic model of the Neu5Ac synthesis was established, which can be used to select the AvaAGE variant that is most favorable for a given process condition. The results show that mechanistic models can greatly facilitate the choice of the right enzyme for an enzymatic cascade reaction with multiple cross-inhibitions and inactivation phenomena.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludwig Klermund
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Amelie Riederer
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Annique Hunger
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kathrin Castiglione
- Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 15, 85748 Garching, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|