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Monteiro RRC, Berenguer-Murcia Á, Rocha-Martin J, Vieira RS, Fernandez-Lafuente R. Biocatalytic production of biolubricants: Strategies, problems and future trends. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108215. [PMID: 37473819 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The increasing worries by the inadequate use of energy and the preservation of nature are promoting an increasing interest in the production of biolubricants. After discussing the necessity of producing biolubricants, this review focuses on the production of these interesting molecules through the use of lipases, discussing the different possibilities (esterification of free fatty acids, hydroesterification or transesterification of oils and fats, transesterification of biodiesel with more adequate alcohols, estolides production, modification of fatty acids). The utilization of discarded substrates has special interest due to the double positive ecological impact (e.g., oil distillated, overused oils). Pros and cons of all these possibilities, together with general considerations to optimize the different processes will be outlined. Some possibilities to overcome some of the problems detected in the production of these interesting compounds will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolpho R C Monteiro
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60455760 Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Ángel Berenguer-Murcia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto Universitario de Materiales, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Rocha-Martin
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rodrigo S Vieira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, 60455760 Fortaleza, Brazil.
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2
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Yu L, Zou C, Li Q, Liu Z, Liu Y, Tang A. Improving efficiency and reducing enzyme inactivation during lipase-mediated epoxidation of α-pinene in a double-phase reaction system. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2023:10.1007/s00449-023-02902-4. [PMID: 37470869 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-023-02902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Chemoenzymatic epoxidation of olefin mediated by lipase is a green and environmentally friendly alternative process. However, the mass transfer barrier and lipase deactivation caused by the traditional organic-water biphasic reaction system have always been the focus of researchers' attention. To overcome these issues, we investigated the effects of reaction temperature and two important substrates (H2O2 and acyl donor) on the epoxidation reaction and interfacial mass transfer. As a result, we determined the optimal reaction conditions: a temperature of 30 °C, 30 wt-% H2O2 as the oxygen source, and 1 M lauric acid as the oxygen carrier. Additionally, by simulating the conditions of shaking flask reactions, we designed a batch reactor and added a metal mesh to effectively block the direct contact between high-concentration hydrogen peroxide and the enzyme. Under these optimal conditions, the epoxidation reaction was carried out for 5 h, and the product yield reached a maximum of 93.2%. Furthermore, after seven repetitive experiments, the lipase still maintained a relative activity of 51.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishuang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Cheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Qingyun Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Zhaoming Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Guangxi Agricultural Vocational University, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Youyan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Aixing Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Biorefinery, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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3
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4
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Enzymatic kinetic resolution in flow for chiral mandelic acids. J Flow Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-022-00219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Acrylated Biopolymers Derived via Epoxidation and Subsequent Acrylation of Vegetable Oils. INT J POLYM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified vegetable oils have become commercially attractive nowadays because they can be utilized as specialized components for the production of bioplasticizers and biopolymers due to their characteristics as being inexpensive, nontoxic, biodegradable, and renewable products. Due to the presence of unsaturation sites in the vegetable oils, they can be chemically modified and transformed into polymeric monomers such as acrylated epoxidized vegetable oils through well-known processes like epoxidation and acrylation processes. Acrylated epoxidized vegetable oil is a biopolymer that has a multitude of applications and is used mainly as a coating material for plastic, paper, and wood. There is an enormous demand for this biopolymer, and the market growth prospects are huge in some regions of the world. However, there are some challenges in the synthesis of acrylated epoxidized vegetable oils in achieving the performance of similar acrylated polymer derived from petroleum sources. In this paper, the chemical structure, properties, and chemical modifications of different types of vegetable oils were reviewed where the emphasis was given on epoxidation and its subsequent acrylation processes. This paper also highlights four types of epoxidation and their subsequent acrylation processes involving five different vegetable oils.
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6
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Di S, Fan S, Jiang F, Cong Z. A Unique P450 Peroxygenase System Facilitated by a Dual-Functional Small Molecule: Concept, Application, and Perspective. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030529. [PMID: 35326179 PMCID: PMC8944620 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are promising versatile oxidative biocatalysts. However, the practical use of P450s in vitro is limited by their dependence on the co-enzyme NAD(P)H and the complex electron transport system. Using H2O2 simplifies the catalytic cycle of P450s; however, most P450s are inactive in the presence of H2O2. By mimicking the molecular structure and catalytic mechanism of natural peroxygenases and peroxidases, an artificial P450 peroxygenase system has been designed with the assistance of a dual-functional small molecule (DFSM). DFSMs, such as N-(ω-imidazolyl fatty acyl)-l-amino acids, use an acyl amino acid as an anchoring group to bind the enzyme, and the imidazolyl group at the other end functions as a general acid-base catalyst in the activation of H2O2. In combination with protein engineering, the DFSM-facilitated P450 peroxygenase system has been used in various oxidation reactions of non-native substrates, such as alkene epoxidation, thioanisole sulfoxidation, and alkanes and aromatic hydroxylation, which showed unique activities and selectivity. Moreover, the DFSM-facilitated P450 peroxygenase system can switch to the peroxidase mode by mechanism-guided protein engineering. In this short review, the design, mechanism, evolution, application, and perspective of these novel non-natural P450 peroxygenases for the oxidation of non-native substrates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Di
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (S.D.); (S.F.); (F.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shengxian Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (S.D.); (S.F.); (F.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fengjie Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (S.D.); (S.F.); (F.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiqi Cong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China; (S.D.); (S.F.); (F.J.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-80662758
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Feigel M, Hinrichsen O. Modeling of Process Operation Principles for the Immobilized Enzyme
Candida Antarctica
under Activity Decay. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Feigel
- Technical University of Munich Department of Chemistry Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Technical University of Munich Catalysis Research Center Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Olaf Hinrichsen
- Technical University of Munich Department of Chemistry Lichtenbergstraße 4 85748 Garching Germany
- Technical University of Munich Catalysis Research Center Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Straße 1 85748 Garching Germany
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Suberinic Acids as a Potential Feedstock for Polyol Synthesis: Separation and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244380. [PMID: 34960931 PMCID: PMC8709458 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Global sustainability challenges prompt the world to modify its strategies and shift from a fossil-fuel-based economy to a bio-resources-based one and to the production of renewable biomass chemicals. Depolymerized suberinic acids (SA) were considered as an alternative resource to develop bio-polyols that can be further used in polyurethane (PU) material production. Birch (Betula pendula) outer bark was used as a raw material to obtain the SA, extracted with ethanol, and depolymerized with potassium hydroxide ethanol solution. By acidifying the filtrate to pH 5.0, 3.0, and 1.0 and drying it at 50 °C and 130 °C, 12 different SA potential feedstocks were obtained and characterized using chemical (total phenolics content, solubility in DMSO, acid, hydroxyl, and saponification number) and instrumental analytical methods (GC-MS, SEC-RID, DSC, and FTIR). Several bio-polyols were synthesized from the SA sample acidified to pH 1 and dried at 130 °C. Acid number and hydroxyl number values, the apparent viscosity and moisture content were measured. It was concluded that SA have a high enough saponification and acid value to investigate the polyol synthesis route via the esterification reaction. Moreover, SA had OH groups in their structure, which can be exploited for PU material development. The majority of SA compounds had relatively low molecular weight with <1300 Da that are suited for bio-polyol synthesis applied for rigid PU foam development. The synthesized bio-polyols had high hydroxyl number values necessary for bio-polyols to be used for rigid PU foam production.
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Zippilli C, Bizzarri BM, Gabellone S, Botta L, Saladino R. Oxidative Coupling of Coumarins by Blue‐LED‐Driven
in situ
Activation of Horseradish Peroxidase in a Two‐Liquid‐Phase System. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Zippilli
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences University of Tuscia Via S.C. De Lellis s.n.c. 01100 Viterbo Italy
| | - Bruno Mattia Bizzarri
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences University of Tuscia Via S.C. De Lellis s.n.c. 01100 Viterbo Italy
| | - Sofia Gabellone
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences University of Tuscia Via S.C. De Lellis s.n.c. 01100 Viterbo Italy
| | - Lorenzo Botta
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences University of Tuscia Via S.C. De Lellis s.n.c. 01100 Viterbo Italy
| | - Raffaele Saladino
- Department of Biological and Ecological Sciences University of Tuscia Via S.C. De Lellis s.n.c. 01100 Viterbo Italy
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Zora N, Rigaux T, Buvat JC, Lefebvre D, Leveneur S. Influence assessment of inlet parameters on thermal risk and productivity: Application to the epoxidation of vegetable oils. J Loss Prev Process Ind 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jlp.2021.104551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Enzymatic epoxidation of cyclohexene by peroxidase immobilization on a textile and an adapted reactor design. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 136:109512. [PMID: 32331717 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A textile-based reaction system for new peroxidase reactions in non-native media was implemented. The epoxidation of cyclohexene by the commercial peroxidase MaxiBright® was realized with the textile-immobilized enzyme in an adapted liquid-liquid two-phase reactor. A commercially available polyester felt was used as low-price carrier and functionalized with polyvinyl amine. The covalent immobilization with glutardialdehyde lead to an enzyme loading of 0.10 genzyme/gtextile. The textile-based peroxidase shows a high activity retention in the presence of organic media. This catalyst is shown to enable the epoxidation of cyclohexene in various solvents as well as under neat conditions. A model reactor was produced by 3D printing which places the textile catalyst at the interphase between the liquid reaction phase and the product extracting solvent.
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12
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Wai PT, Jiang P, Shen Y, Zhang P, Gu Q, Leng Y. Catalytic developments in the epoxidation of vegetable oils and the analysis methods of epoxidized products. RSC Adv 2019; 9:38119-38136. [PMID: 35541772 PMCID: PMC9075841 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalization of vegetable oils (VOs) including edible, non-edible, and waste cooking oil (WCOs) to epoxides (EVOs) is receiving great attention by many researchers from academia and industry because they are renewable, versatile, sustainable, non-toxic, and eco-friendly, and they can partially or totally replace harmful phthalate plasticizers. The epoxidation of VOs on an industrial scale has already been developed by the homogeneous catalytic system using peracids. Due to the drawbacks of this method, other systems including acidic ion exchange resins, polyoxometalates, and enzymes are becoming alternative catalysts for the epoxidation reaction. We have reviewed all these catalytic systems including their benefits and drawbacks, reaction mechanisms, intensification of each system in different ways as well as the physicochemical properties of VOs and EVOs and new findings in recent years. Finally, the current methods including titrimetric methods as well as ATR-FTIR and 1H NMR for determination of conversion, epoxidation, and selectivity of epoxidized vegetable oils (EVOs) are also briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phyu Thin Wai
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Pingping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Yirui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Pingbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Qian Gu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Yan Leng
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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13
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Cai X, Zheng JL, Aguilera AF, Vernières-Hassimi L, Tolvanen P, Salmi T, Leveneur S. Influence of ring-opening reactions on the kinetics of cottonseed oil epoxidation. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshuang Cai
- Normandie Université LSPC-Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, EA4704; INSA/Université Rouen; Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray France
| | - Jun Liu Zheng
- Normandie Université LSPC-Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, EA4704; INSA/Université Rouen; Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray France
| | - Adriana Freites Aguilera
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Åbo Finland
| | - Lamiae Vernières-Hassimi
- Normandie Université LSPC-Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, EA4704; INSA/Université Rouen; Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray France
| | - Pasi Tolvanen
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Åbo Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Åbo Finland
| | - Sébastien Leveneur
- Normandie Université LSPC-Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques, EA4704; INSA/Université Rouen; Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray France
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre; Åbo Akademi University; Åbo Finland
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Meyer-Waßewitz J, Holtmann D, Ansorge-Schumacher MB, Kraume M, Drews A. An organic-single-phase CSTR process for the chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of α-pinene enables high selectivity and productivity. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Leveneur S. Thermal Safety Assessment through the Concept of Structure–Reactivity: Application to Vegetable Oil Valorization. Org Process Res Dev 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Leveneur
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, LSPC, EA4704, 76000 Rouen, France
- Laboratory of Industrial
Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry
Centre, Åbo Akademi University, Biskopsgatan 8, FI-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland
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Steinhagen M, Gräbner A, Meyer J, Horst AE, Drews A, Holtmann D, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Bridging the bridge—Stabilization of CalB against H2O2 and its application in epoxidation reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Bajwa AS, Sathaye S, Kulkarni VM, Patwardhan AV. Chemoenzymatic epoxidation of Karanja oil: an alternative to chemical epoxidation? ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun S. Bajwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Sadhana Sathaye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Vaishali M. Kulkarni
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
| | - Anand V. Patwardhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg; Matunga Mumbai Maharashtra India 400019
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Zheng JL, Wärnå J, Salmi T, Burel F, Taouk B, Leveneur S. Kinetic modeling strategy for an exothermic multiphase reactor system: Application to vegetable oils epoxidation using Prileschajew method. AIChE J 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun L. Zheng
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques (LSPC), EA4704, INSA de Rouen; 685 Avenue de l'université, BP 08 76801 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
- Normandie Université, INSA de Rouen, PBS UMR 6270 FR 3038 CNRS, INSA de Rouen; 685 Avenue de l'Université 76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray France
| | - Johan Wärnå
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo/Turku Finland
| | - Tapio Salmi
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo/Turku Finland
| | - Fabrice Burel
- Normandie Université, INSA de Rouen, PBS UMR 6270 FR 3038 CNRS, INSA de Rouen; 685 Avenue de l'Université 76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray France
| | - Bechara Taouk
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques (LSPC), EA4704, INSA de Rouen; 685 Avenue de l'université, BP 08 76801 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
| | - Sébastien Leveneur
- Laboratoire de Sécurité des Procédés Chimiques (LSPC), EA4704, INSA de Rouen; 685 Avenue de l'université, BP 08 76801 Saint-Etienne-du-Rouvray, France
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering; Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University; Biskopsgatan 8 FI-20500 Åbo/Turku Finland
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Franssen MCR, Steunenberg P, Scott EL, Zuilhof H, Sanders JPM. Immobilised enzymes in biorenewables production. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:6491-533. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs00004d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bhattacharya S, Drews A, Lyagin E, Kraume M, Ansorge-Schumacher MB. Efficient Chemo-Enzymatic Epoxidation Using silcoat-Novozym®435: Characterizing the Multiphase System. Chem Eng Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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